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Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2019 Feb 20:e1773. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of mixed features using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and to examine how patients with mixed states would be classified using the DSM-5.

Methods: In total, 12 hospitals participated in this study, and data on the demographic characteristics and clinical diagnoses of patients treated between October 2013 and September 2016 were obtained. We reviewed the data for opposite-polarity symptoms according to the DSM-5 criteria and the research-based diagnostic criteria. Read More

J Pers Disord 2019 Feb 20:1-15. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.

Impaired theory of mind (ToM) is an assumed feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Yet, no studies have compared ToM abilities in patients with BPD, other personality disorders, and healthy controls, or investigated the relationship between ToM and severity of psychopathology and interpersonal problems. In this study, ToM was investigated by the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition. Read More

J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Feb 20:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , In vitro Fertilization Unit, Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Medicine , Isparta , Turkey.

Purpose: Type D personality-defined as the presence of two personality characters, namely negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI)-is associated with various disorders. The 14-item Type D Scale (DS14), which consists of NA and SI subscales, can be used for the detection of the presence of Type D personality. The aim of our study was to investigate the association of Type D personality and depression with infertility in women. Read More

J Clin Psychol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychotherapy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Major depressive disorder is among the most frequently diagnosed mental disorders and is often accompanied by other disorders such as anxiety or substance abuse. As a result of a complicated tangle of comorbidities, psychotherapy in such cases can become quite demanding. The present case study presents and discusses the challenges represented by a complex case of psychotherapy, focusing on ongoing modifications of the clinical hypotheses and therapeutic approach. Read More

Sheng Li Xue Bao 2019 Feb;71(1):163-172

Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

The analysis of the relationship between personality and depression can facilitate the development of subclinical preventive measures and clinical treatment schemes. Moreover, the personality is associated with a variety of mental diseases, and there is substantial comorbidity between depression and some other mental diseases. So, to reveal pathological relationships between personality and depression is helpful to understand the etiology of the comorbidity between depression and multiple mental disorders. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019 ;119(1):6-13

Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: To study clinical types of psychosomatic reactions with stress-induced atrial fibrillation (AF) and their contribution to personality disorders and characteristics of stressors.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 34 patients with a stress-induced AF. A clinical/psychopathological method and psychometric scales were used. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2019 Jun 24;14:100330. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

GGz Breburg, Postbus 770, 5000 AT, Tilburg, the Netherlands.

Background: The treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has been examined extensively in adults up to the age of fifty in the past quarter of a century, but there is still a world to discover in treating BPD in older adults. The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy in older adults with BPD.

Methods/design: A multiple baseline design is used in which participants are randomly assigned to baseline length. Read More

Internet Interv 2019 Apr 15;16:35-42. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Section of Eating Disorders, PO59, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.

Background: Mental disorders and their symptoms are highly prevalent in the university student population, and the transition from secondary to tertiary education is associated with a rise in mental health problems. Existing web-based interventions for the prevention of common mental disorders in student populations often focus on just one disorder and have not been designed specifically for students. There is thus a need for transdiagnostic, student-specific preventative interventions that can be widely disseminated. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Hôpital Avicenne, service de gastroentérologie, 125, rue de Stalingrad 93009 Bobigny cedex France.

Background/aims: Psychological factors are involved in many functional gastrointestinal disorders including globus. The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and psychological correlates associated with globus.

Patients And Methods: 707 patients (69% female, 45. Read More

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Background: For more than 15 years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has served as a last-resort treatment for severe treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods: From 2010 to 2016, 20 patients with OCD (10 men/10 women) were included in a single-centre trial with a naturalistic open-label design over 1 year to evaluate the effects of DBS in the anterior limb of the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens region (ALIC-NAcc) on OCD symptoms, executive functions, and personality traits.

Results: ALIC-NAcc-DBS significantly decreased OCD symptoms (mean Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale reduction 33%, 40% full responders) and improves global functioning without loss of efficacy over 1 year. Read More

PLoS One 2019 15;14(2):e0212330. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.

X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) is a rare X-linked dermatological condition arising from deficiency for the enzyme steroid sulfatase (STS). STS is normally expressed in the brain, and males with XLI exhibit personality differences from males in the general population, and are at increased risk of developmental and mood disorders. As the STS gene escapes X-inactivation, female carriers of XLI-associated genetic mutations have reduced STS expression/activity relative to non-carrier females, and could manifest similar behavioural phenotypes to males with XLI. Read More

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

National Centre for Register- based Research, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, and The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway.

Objective: To investigate sex differences in associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a spectrum of comorbid disorders.

Method: The study population included all children born in Denmark between 1981 and 2013 (N=1,665,729). We merged data from Danish registers and obtained information on birth characteristics, socioeconomic status, familial psychiatric history, and diagnoses of ADHD (n=32,308) and comorbid disorders. Read More

Atten Defic Hyperact Disord 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Psychiatry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.

In the present study, our primary aim was to compare the generalized social anxiety (GSAD) patients with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in terms of avoidant personality disorder (AVPD), and some clinical variables. We also investigated the relationship of AVPD and depression with ADHD and GSAD. We hypothesized that ADHD may be associated with AVPD in patients with GSAD. Read More

Ir J Psychol Med 2019 Feb 14:1-4. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

2College Health Centre,Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is frequently identified in children but is often unrecognised in adults. ASD is characterised by difficulties in social interaction, communication and restricted interests, but other presentations are common, especially in adults. This report describes a 34-year-old man with a history of multiple psychiatric diagnoses including generalised anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder and panic disorder. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2019 30;10:10. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Quality of life (QOL) is a key indicator in mental health planning, program evaluation, and evaluation of patient outcomes. Yet few studies have focused on QOL in homeless populations. More specifically, research has yet to identify profiles of homeless individuals based on their QOL using cluster analysis. Read More

J Clin Psychiatry 2019 Feb 12;80(2). Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Psychiatry, Division of Law and Psychiatry, Division of Substance Abuse, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Objective: Current knowledge regarding the intersection of psychiatric disorders and crime in the United States is limited to psychiatric, forensic, and youth samples. This study presents nationally representative data on the relationship of DSM-5 psychiatric disorders, comorbid substance and mental health disorders, and multimorbidity (number of disorders) with criminal behavior and justice involvement among non-institutionalized US adults.

Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave III (NESARC-III; 2012-2013; N = 36,309). Read More

Braz J Psychiatry 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Departamento de Psicologia e Psicanálise, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil.

Objective: The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) posits that psychopathology is hierarchically structured. For personality disorder (PD) traits, there are five spectra: internalizing, thought disorder, disinhibited externalizing, antagonistic externalizing, and detachment. Empirical findings suggest a sixth group, compulsivity. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019 Feb 13;7(2):e11443. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling condition with a wide variety of clinical presentations including contamination fears, fear of harm, and relationship-related obsessions. Cognitive behavioral models of OCD suggest that OC symptoms result from catastrophic misinterpretations of commonly occurring intrusive experiences and associated dysfunctional strategies used to manage them. OCD-related maladaptive beliefs including inflated responsibility, importance and control of thoughts, perfectionism, and intolerance for uncertainty increase the likelihood of such misinterpretations. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Jan;52(1):42-50

Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Objective: To examine psychiatric and somatic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders (EDs)-anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge-eating disorder (BED)-in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States.

Method: A national sample of 36,309 adult participants in the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions III (NESARC-III) completed structured diagnostic interviews (AUDADIS-5) to determine psychiatric disorders, including EDs, and reported 12-month diagnosis of chronic somatic conditions. Prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders and somatic conditions were calculated across the AN, BN, and BED groups and a fourth group without specific ED; multiple logistic regression models compared the likelihood of psychiatric/somatic conditions with each specific ED relative to the no-specific ED group. Read More

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.

Background: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is associated with increased mortality. Frequent comorbidities of BN include substance use disorders, affective disorders and personality disorders (PD). These comorbidities may add an additional risk for mortality. Read More

Schizophr Bull 2019 Feb 9. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.

The associations among normal personality and many mental disorders are well established, but it remains unclear whether and how symptoms of schizophrenia and schizotypal traits align with the personality taxonomy. This study examined the joint factor structure of normal personality, schizotypy, and schizophrenia symptoms in people with psychotic disorders (n = 288) and never-psychotic adults (n = 257) in the Suffolk County Mental Health Project. First, we evaluated the structure of schizotypal (positive schizotypy, negative schizotypy, and mistrust) and normal traits. Read More

Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging, Jaume I University, Castellón, Spain.

Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) proposes a widely used taxonomy of human personality linked to individual differences at both behavioral and neuropsychological levels that describe a predisposition to psychopathology. However, the body of RST research was based on animal findings, and little is known about their anatomical correspondence in humans. Here we set out to investigate MRI structural correlates (i. Read More

Subst Use Misuse 2019 Feb 12:1-13. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

a Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Background: Negative personality characteristics have been implicated in promoting overconsumption of both alcohol and food. Furthermore, positive motivations (enhancement) and negative motivations (coping) may mediate the association between personality and alcohol or food (over)consumption.

Objectives: This study hypothesized that i. Read More

Clin Psychol Psychother 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, España.

The Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire (IEQ) was created to evaluate the caregiver's experience of burden and the consequences of providing care to people with psychotic disorders. To date, the IEQ has not been validated with caregivers of people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The main objective of the study was to confirm the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the Spanish version of the IEQ in 151 caregivers of people with BPD, with an average age of 54. Read More

Breast Cancer 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Nursing Department, I-Shou University, No. 8 Yida Rd., Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan.

Background: Theory has suggested that personality plays an important role related to health behavior and results in health outcomes, but inconsistent with the findings exist. Moreover, limited research has focused on style of coping with personality traits and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for patients with breast cancer. We tested how ways of coping and personality traits are associated with HRQOL in patients with breast cancer, after controlling for age, education, disease severity, and sleep disorders. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: We examined whether eating disorder (ED) outcome trajectories during residential treatment differed for patients screening positive for comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD) and/or substance use disorders (SUDs) than those who do not.

Method: We examined data from patients in a residential ED treatment program. Patients completed validated self-report surveys to screen for SUDs and BPD on admission, and the ED Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) on admission and every 2 weeks until discharge (N = 479 females). Read More

Front Psychol 2019 28;10:55. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a very prevalent disorder in primary care (PC). Most patients with GAD never seek treatment, and those who do seek treatment often drop out before completing treatment. Although it is an understudied treatment, Mindfulness-Based Interventions (MBIs) indicate preliminary efficacy for the treatment of GAD symptoms, but many patients with GAD present other associated symptoms (e. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2019 Jan;61(Suppl 1):S114-S118

Senior Consultant Psychiatrist, New Delhi & Formerly Additional Professor of Psychiatry and Head, OCD Clinic, NIMHANS, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Personality disorders are a common comorbidity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The effect of comorbidity on the symptom presentation, course, and treatment outcome of OCD is being discussed here. OCD and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) though similar in their symptom presentation, are distinct constructs. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2019 Jan-Feb;61(1):3-12

Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a population prevalence of 5%. However, its prevalence is much higher in mental health and substance use treatment settings. It is associated with significant physical and psychiatric morbidity, as well as social, occupational, and legal consequences. Read More

Brain Sci 2019 Feb 8;9(2). Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Psychology, Indiana University⁻Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Negative urgency is a personality trait reflecting the tendency to act rashly in response to extreme negative emotions and is considered a transdiagnostic endophenotype for problematic levels of addictive behaviors. Recent research has begun to identify the neural correlates of negative urgency, many of which appear to overlap with neural circuitry underlying addictive disorders associated with negative urgency. The goal of this qualitative review is to summarize the extant literature concerning the neural correlates of negative urgency, to compare these correlates with those implicated with addictive disorders, and to propose new ways to begin to leverage such findings in treatment and intervention approaches. Read More

Neuropharmacology 2019 Feb 10. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.

Orexins, alternatively called hypocretins, are neuropeptides with crucial role in maintaining wakefulness. The orexin system is thought to mediate a coordinated defense response but thus far investigated from the flight, but never fight, response perspective. An HCRTR1 gene variant (rs2271933 G > A) leading to amino acid substitution (Ile408Val) has been associated with migraine and mood disorders. Read More

J Clin Psychol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee.

Objective: This study examined whether a history of childhood abuse (CA) strengthened the association between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the aftermath of intimate partner violence (IPV). This hypothesis arises from clinical literature but has not been examined empirically. We predicted that a history of CA would enhance associations between BPD features and PTSD symptoms. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Subjective cognitive complaints in cognitively normal individuals are a relevant predictor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), cerebrovascular disease, and age-related tauopathy. Complaints starting after the age of 60 increase the likelihood of preclinical AD. However, this criterion is arbitrary and current data show that neurodegenerative disorders likely start before that age. Read More

Encephale 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Charles-Nicolle, University of Normandie, 76000 Rouen, France.

Asperger's syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder which is part of the large family of autism spectrum disorders. People with Asperger's syndrome have difficulties in social interactions, verbal and non-verbal communication, and may display behavioural oddities, with stereotypies and limited interests. They show no language delay and their cognitive development is not marked by an overall delay but by specific impairments in certain areas such as the executive functions. Read More

Behav Neurol 2019 14;2019:4139404. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Neurology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.

Objectives: The findings of previous studies focused on personality disorders in epileptic patients are difficult to interpret due to nonhomogeneous samples and noncomparable methods. Here, we aimed at studying the personality profile in patients with mild temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) with psychiatric comorbidity.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five patients with mTLE (22 males, mean age 40. Read More

Schizophr Res 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Schizotypy, a multidimensional personality organization that reflects liability to develop schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, has been associated with a number of emotional abnormalities. Yet, the exact nature of any emotional abnormalities in schizotypy is relatively unclear. Using an ethnically diverse nonclinical sample (N = 2637), the present study identified homogenous clusters of individuals based on positive and negative schizotypy dimensions and explored three interrelated domains of emotion traits closely tied to functional outcomes and quality of life: affective experience, emotional awareness, and meta-level emotions. Read More

Schizophr Res 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.

Outcomes for people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs) are generally poor, making it important to understand risk states and illness transition. The network approach, which conceptualizes psychopathology as a network of causally interacting symptoms, may hold promise in this regard. Here, we present a network analysis of schizotypal personality traits (i. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2019 Jan 27;273:603-612. Epub 2019 Jan 27.

Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard Montpetit, Montréal, QC, Canada, QC H3T 1J4; Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) - 1000, rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, Canada, H2X 0C1; Centre de recherche du CHUM, 900, rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC, Canada, H2X 0A9. Electronic address:

In Canada, about 6,000 youth are homeless every night, many of whom suffer from addiction and psychotic disorders. To facilitate the exit out of homelessness, access to care and to improve psychosis and addiction outcomes, a new intensive outreach intervention team (EQIIP SOL) was created in Montreal (2012). It offers intensive outreach services dedicated to homeless youth suffering from first episode psychosis and addiction (HYFEPA) in addition to an early psychosis intervention service (EIS) in collaboration with the Addiction Psychiatry Unit. Read More

J Pers Disord 2019 Feb 7:1-15. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute and School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia.

Pathological narcissism is characterized by impaired interpersonal functioning, but few studies have examined the impact of the disorder on those living in a close relationship. Participants (N = 683; comprising romantic partners [77.8%], mothers [8. Read More

J Pers Disord 2019 Feb 7:1-13. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is highly comorbid with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. The current study replicates findings indicating that BPD symptomatology is influenced by the distress subfactor of both the internalizing and the externalizing dimension of psychopathology. Confirmatory factor analysis of the covariance of continuous measures of externalizing pathology, internalizing pathology, and BPD symptoms was assessed in 837 young adults. Read More

Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.

Purpose: Common mental disorders (CMDs) are becoming increasingly relevant in the working world. Numbers of risk factors have been confirmed by mostly correlative cross-sectional studies. Comprehensive and effective prevention is urgently needed. Read More

Nervenarzt 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Straße 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Deutschland.

Background: The "empathy hormone" oxytocin (OXT) is associated with social interaction and parent-child interaction. Mothers with mental stress factors, e.g. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Global Health at Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Institute of Health, New Brunswick, New Jersey.

In 2010, the Working Group of Personality and Personality Disorders of the DSM-5 task force proposed a thorough diagnostic reformulation of the category of personality disorders. After debates and negotiations, these alternative criteria ended in Section III of the DSM-5 manual (diagnoses in need of further testing). We tested these alternative criteria in a sample of Basque-speaking patients from the Basque region of Spain who had clinical diagnoses of personality disorder, using instruments that had been developed and used as part of the DSM-5 field trials in the United States for assessing the proposed new diagnostic category. Read More

Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2019 Jan 1;47(1):7-15. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Madrid. Spain Departamento de Psiquiatría y Psicología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense. Madrid. Spain Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM). Madrid. Spain.

Introduction: Neurocognitive impairment is considered an essential symptom of schizophrenia, particularly in its early stages. Nonetheless, the neuropsychological features of borderline personality disorder (BPD) could cast doubt on the specificity of neurocognitive dysfunctions. The aim of this study is to determine whether neurocognitive deficits are specific to schizophrenia-spectrum conditions as compared to a similarly severe psychiatric illness like BPD. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 22;9:770. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Psychiatry, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Several school-based prevention programmes have been developed and used to prevent, delay, or reduce substance misuse, and related problems among community samples of adolescents. However, findings indicate that many of these interventions are associated with null, small, or mixed effects in reducing adolescent substance misuse, in particular for those mostly at risk of transitioning to substance use disorders. These findings highlight the need to shift the focus of substance use prevention efforts toward intervention strategies which directly target high-risk adolescents. Read More

Psychol Med 2019 Feb 6:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Division of Mental Health,Norwegian Institute of Public Health,OsloNorway.

Background: Can the structure of genetic and environmental influences on normative personality traits (NPTs), abnormal personality traits (APTs), and DSM-IV criteria for personality disorders (PD) fit a high or low congruence model positing, respectively, close or more limited etiologic continuity?

Method: Exploratory factor analysis was applied to transformed correlation matrices from Cholesky twin decompositions obtained in OpenMx. In 2801 adult twins from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel, NPTs and APTs were assessed by self-report using the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and PID-5-Norwegian Brief Form (PID-5-NBF), respectively. PDs were assessed at interview using the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality (SIDP-IV). Read More

Basic Clin Neurosci 2018 Nov-Dec;9(6):397-407. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Introduction: There are controversial reports about association between sleep and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) activity. Studies have reported the influence of insomnia on HPA hormones. However, they usually ignored the heterogeneity of insomnia symptoms, so subtypes of the disorder have not been considered in the reports. Read More

J Neurosci 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA

Impulsive personality traits are complex heritable traits that are governed by frontal-subcortical circuits and are associated with numerous neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly drug abuse and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In collaboration with the genetics company 23andMe, Inc., we performed 10 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on measures of impulsive personality traits (the short version of the UPPSP Impulsive Behavior Scale, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11]) and Drug Experimentation (the number of drug classes an individual had tried in their lifetime) in up to 22,861 male and female adult human research participants of European ancestry. Read More