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Child Abuse Negl 2022 Jun 25;131:105765. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Both delinquency and out-of-home care (OOHC) are associated with a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders. Reform schools (RS) are Finnish OOHC institutions for adolescents with severe conduct problems.

Objective: We investigated the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses among individuals with a history of RS placement. Read More

J Psychiatr Res 2022 Jun 13;152:289-295. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Available studies have evaluated cognition in the unaffected relatives of bipolar disorder patients; however, to our knowledge, there has been no quantitative analysis evaluating the foregoing association. Herein, this meta-analysis aims to provide a quantitative synthesis of the extant literature reporting on the association between performance in cognitive domains (i.e. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Jun 27;23(1):616. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran.

Background: This study aimed to assess the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) using the path analysis models.

Methods: This study was carried out on 350 office employees with good general health. All variables were collected using a questionnaire. Read More

Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2022 Jun 27:1-10. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

The association between methylation of MAOA gene promoter and alcohol and nicotine dependence has been demonstrated in women but not in men yet. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and substance use disorders (SUD) are two types of disorders that could highly be influenced by methylation-induced changes in MAOA function. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of opioid addiction on methylation of MAOA gene promoter in males. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022 ;122(6):108-117

Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

Objective: To identify developmental features, the presence of hereditary burden, social adaptation, the structure of early psychopathological disorders in pediatric patients with schizotypal disorder (STD) and their relationship with the age of manifestation and the clinical structure of the disease.

Material And Methods: The study included 150 patients aged 7 to 16 years with a diagnosis of SD, of which 48 were female and 102 were male. Based on the age of onset of the first stable psychopathological disorders, at the stage preceding the diagnosis of SD, 5 groups of patients were identified: up to 3 years (=38), from 4 to 6 years (=36), from 7 to 10 years (=15), 11-13 (=41), 14-16 years old (=20). Read More

World J Biol Psychiatry 2022 Jun 27:1-29. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

LWL-Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, Alexandrinenstraße 1-3, 44791 Bochum, Germany.

Based on previous research, it has been proposed that the development of depressive disorders is related to altered functioning of the serotonergic systems as well as the personality style, including narcissism. However, it is unclear to date how personality style, especially narcissism, depressive disorders and serotonergic activity are related. We included 74 patients with a depressive disorder (DP) and 74 healthy controls (HC) into the study. Read More

Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol 2021 Nov 23;8:100096. Epub 2021 Oct 23.

Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, And Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.

Early-onset (EOD) and late-onset (LOD) late-life depression might differ in etiology, clinical features, and treatment response. While EOD is more frequently associated with a family history of affective disorders and personality aspects, LOD is thought to be more strongly driven by acquired cerebrovascular risk factors associated with vascular pathology, executive dysfunction, and poor treatment response. However, in a systematic review, EOD and LOD only differed in the frequency of affective disorders in the family history. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2022 10;13:918965. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Clinical Research Department, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Peking University Institute of Mental Health (Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the personality traits, and P300 component in the offspring of parents with alcohol dependence (OPAD) currently engaged in risky drinking and those not engaged in risky drinking, and to further explore the correlates of problematic alcohol use.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted according to the cutoff of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). The frequency of the TaqIA polymorphism of the dopamine receptor D2 gene associated with alcohol dependence was compared between the two OPAD groups. Read More

Front Psychol 2022 9;13:889730. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment Section, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

The fast-slow paradigm of life history (LH) focuses on how individuals grow, mate, and reproduce at different paces. This paradigm can contribute substantially to the field of personality and individual differences provided that it is more strictly based on evolutionary biology than it has been so far. Our study tested the existence of a fast-slow continuum underlying indicators of reproductive effort-offspring output, age at first reproduction, number and stability of sexual partners-in 1,043 outpatients with healthy to severely disordered personalities. Read More

Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Psychiatry Department, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain.

Introduction: COVID-19 has spread worldwide since its appearance at the end of 2019. In Spain, 99-day long home confinement was set from March 15th 2020. Previous studies about events requiring situations of isolation suggested that mental health problems may occur among the general population and, more specifically, vulnerable groups such as individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). Read More

Acta Psychiatr Scand 2022 Jun 26. Epub 2022 Jun 26.

National Centre for Mental Health, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales.

Objective: To establish factors associated with ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) in a large sample of adults with lived experience of psychiatric disorder and examine the psychiatric burden associated with the two disorders.

Methods: 1305 adults were recruited from the National Centre for Mental Health (NCMH) cohort. ICD-11 PTSD/CPTSD were assessed with the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Read More

Crim Behav Ment Health 2022 Jun 25. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Psychiaters Maatschap Antillen, Willemstad, Curaçao.

Background: Although personality disorders are common among offenders, there is no validated translated questionnaire for the assessment of personality disorders in Papiamento, a Portuguese-Spanish influenced creole language, which is widely spoken on the former Dutch Antilles.

Aim: To evaluate the Dutch Personality Scale as translated into Papiamento in the prison of Bonaire.

Methods: The Dutch Personality Assessment Scale was translated into Papiamento by two independent experts and retranslated back into Dutch by two other fully bilingual and independent experts. Read More

J Psychosom Res 2022 Jun 17;160:110973. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China. Electronic address:

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the relationship among type D personality, acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and white matter hyperintensity (WMH).

Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted between September 2020 and June 2021, 235 patients aged 50-85 years with first-ever ischemic cerebrovascular disease, including 146 males and 89 females, were enrolled. All participants underwent the Type D Scale-14 test containing negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) subscales. Read More

Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Psychology, Personality Psychology and Assessment, University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany.

Background: Hyperconsolidation of aversive associations and poor extinction learning have been hypothesized to be crucial in the acquisition of pathological fear. Previous animal and human research points to the potential role of the catecholaminergic system, particularly noradrenaline and dopamine, in acquiring emotional memories. Here, we investigated in a between-subjects design with three groups whether the noradrenergic alpha-2 adrenoreceptor antagonist yohimbine and the dopaminergic D2-receptor antagonist sulpiride modulate long-term fear conditioning and extinction in humans. Read More

Nutr Hosp 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

Departamento de Biomedicina, Biotecnología y Salud Pública. Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia. Universidad de Cádiz.

Background: Eating disorders are a group of conditions in which negative beliefs about food, body shape, and body weight together with behaviors such as restricted food intake, binge eating, excessive exercise, self-induced vomiting, and use of laxatives. They can become serious, affect quality of life, and lead to multiple physical and even psychiatric complications with a fatal outcome. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the characteristics, epidemiology, and trends of eating disorders with updated information based on the most recent publications. Read More

Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ) 2021 Oct 5;19(4):451-454. Epub 2021 Nov 5.

Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Psychol Psychother 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential moderator role of poor mentalization in the association between borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits and somatization, specifically focusing on the polarities of self- and other-mentalizing.

Design: This is a cross-sectional, general population study evaluating adolescents (n = 162, 61.3% female; ages 12-18, M = 14. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 1;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Centre, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Integrated care models may help in designing care for Parkinson's disease (PD) that is more efficient and patient-centered. However, in order to implement such models successfully, it is important to design these models around patients' needs and preferences. Personality traits and coping styles play a well-studied important role in patients' disease perception and their utilization of medical and social services to cope with their disease. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Jun 16;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Departamento de Psicología Clínica y Experimental, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.

Background: Personality disorders show strong comorbidities with alcohol-use disorder (AUD), and several personality traits have been found to be more frequent in people with AUD. This study analyzes which personality facets of those proposed in the Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) of DSM-5 are associated with the diagnostic criteria of AUD.

Methods: The sample was composed of 742 participants randomly selected from the Spanish population, and 243 patients attending mental health services. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 17;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Introduction: Most victims of sexual abuse have symptoms that may lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. This study aims to offer evidence-based psychological treatment to women who have been sexually abused earlier in life and currently have sequelae from that trauma. With this treatment, each of the women in the study will hopefully improve their overall quality of life and, more specifically, it is expected that post-traumatic stress symptoms will decrease, as found in recent studies, as well as strengthening their security, confidence, and coping with the situations they have experienced. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 15;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Centre for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Despite the negative influence of cannabis use on the development and prognosis of first-episode psychosis (FEP), there is little evidence on effective specific interventions for cannabis use cessation in FEP. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for cannabis cessation (CBT-CC) with treatment as usual (TAU) in FEP cannabis users. In this single-blind, 1-year randomized controlled trial, 65 participants were randomly assigned to CBT-CC or TAU. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 12;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 12.

Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.

This study explored the associations between personality traits and cognitive failure (including minor lapses and prospective and retrospective memory failure) among middle-aged and older adults living in Japan. The participants were 373 adults, aged 40-84 (167 men and 206 women). The 15-item Japanese version of the Short Inventory of Minor Lapses was used to evaluate minor lapses, and the 16-item Japanese version of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire was used to assess prospective and retrospective memory failure. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 11;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

The COVID-19 pandemic within the United States of America resulted in over 800,000 deaths as of February 2022 and has been addressed by social distancing or stay-at-home measures. Collective prolonged multimodal trauma on this scale is likely to elicit symptomatology in the general population consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), somatization, anxiety, and stress. The psychological component of this response contributes substantially to the burden of this disease worldwide. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 9;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28015 Madrid, Spain.

Motherhood has been proposed as an internal facilitating factor for the recovery of women with mental disorders. However, at the same time, there are significant barriers that may be interfering with the access and adherence to treatment for these women. The present longitudinal study aimed to deepen the sociodemographic and clinical profile of women with children and compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD), and to explore the association between motherhood and response to treatment. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 9;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

School of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

There is little extant empirical literature examining the associations between Dark Triad (DT: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) and eating behaviors. The current study ( = 361) investigated the associations between Dark Triad and restrained eating, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating in a sample drawn from the general population. The results from the study indicate that (a) despite expected sex differences in narcissism and primary psychopathy, no sex differences were found in Machiavellianism, secondary psychopathy, and eating behaviors; (b) among women, Machiavellianism was a protective factor against uncontrolled eating behaviors; (c) the sex of the participant moderated the narcissism-uncontrolled eating behaviors and narcissism-emotional eating behaviors relationships, with the negative correlation being stronger for men than that for women; (d) secondary psychopathy, rather than primary psychopathy, was associated with higher uncontrolled eating behaviors in both sexes, and associated with higher emotional eating behaviors for men only. Read More

Biology (Basel) 2022 Jun 5;11(6). Epub 2022 Jun 5.

Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran.

There is consistent evidence that prenatal exposures to higher testosterone and lower estrogen concentrations during the first trimester of embryonal and fetal development are associated with a lower 2D:4D-ratio, which is to say: The index finger (2D) is shorter, compared to the ring finger (4D). Compared to non-active, athletes show lower 2D:4D ratios. However, athletes also report specific personality traits such as mental toughness, assertiveness, and competitive behavior. Read More

Postgrad Med J 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

NIHR Health Protection Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infection, Liverpool, UK

Encephalitis describes inflammation of the brain parenchyma, typically caused by either an infectious agent or through an autoimmune process which may be postinfectious, paraneoplastic or idiopathic. Patients can present with a combination of fever, alterations in behaviour, personality, cognition and consciousness. They may also exhibit focal neurological deficits, seizures, movement disorders and/or autonomic instability. Read More

J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2022 Sep 4;76:101750. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Centre, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: Depression has been associated with alterations in social functioning. Decoding and understanding others' mental states and adaptive reasoning are important for social functioning. This study examined theory of mind (ToM) and socio-moral reasoning (SMR) in adolescent girls with and without depression. Read More