Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1240

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1239

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1238

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1235-7

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1233-5

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1231-2

Headquarters Army Air Corps, Army Aviation Centre, Stockbridge, Hampshire, UK.

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1229-30

Universities Space Research Association Houston, TX, USA.

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1229

Paris, TX, USA.

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1222-8

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Background: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is characterized by normal fluctuations in heart rate in phase with the respiratory cycle. There are many proposed mechanisms underlying the RSA phenomenon, including respiratory-induced cardiac loading (i.e. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1217-21

University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.

Introduction: Historically, space has been the venue of the healthy individual. With the advent of commercial spaceflight, we face the novel prospect of routinely exposing spaceflight participants (SPFs) with multiple comorbidities to the space environment. Preflight screening procedures must be developed to identify those individuals at increased risk during flight. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1214-6

Defence Medical Services and the Academic Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK.

Background: There is a widely held belief that strenuous exercise should be avoided on arrival at high altitude (HA) and during acclimatization. Data from chamber studies are contradictory and the studies are usually of short duration, therefore differing from the "real world."

Methods: We studied 48 trekkers during a 10-d ascent to 16,827 ft (5129 m) in the Cordillera Real area of Bolivia. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1209-13

University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.

Lumbar puncture (LP) is a commonly performed low-risk procedure terrestrially, used diagnostically for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure as well as for collection of CSF for analysis. NASA is investigating noninvasive means for measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) to assess the potential contribution of elevated intracranial pressures to recently reported changes in astronauts' visual acuity and eye anatomy, known collectively as the Visual Impairment/Intracranial Pressure risk. However, many of these noninvasive technologies are still under development, have limited clinical validation, are several years away from being ready for in-flight use, or only provide qualitative rather than quantitative ICP values. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1199-208

Sleep/Wake Research Centre, Massey University, Wellington, NZ.

Background: This study examined the uptake and effectiveness of fatigue mitigation guidance material including sleep recommendations for a trip with a westward ultra-long-range flight and return long-range flight.

Methods: There were 52 flight crew (4-pilot crews, mean age 55 yr) who completed a sleep/duty diary and wore an actigraph prior to, during, and after the trip. Primary crew flew the takeoff and landing, while relief crew flew the aircraft during the Primary crew's breaks. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1190-8

Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia.

Background: Hot air ballooning incidents are relatively rare; however, when they do occur they are likely to result in a fatality or serious injury. Human error is commonly attributed as the cause of hot air ballooning incidents; however, error in itself is not an explanation for safety failures. This research aims to identify and establish the relative importance of factors contributing toward hot air ballooning incidents. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1185-9

Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, San Antonio Military Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, USA.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the overall risk and demographic/occupational predictors of neck pain among professional aviators.

Methods: There were 413 surveys characterizing the severity and character of neck pain symptoms that were administered to a multinational cohort of pilots representing 3 separate airframe types. All results were compared to a nonaviator control group. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1177-84

University of Otago, New Zealand.

Introduction: Bio-mathematical models are increasingly used for predicting fatigue in airline operations, and have been proposed as a possible component of fatigue risk management systems (FRMS). There is a need to continue to evaluate fatigue models against data collected from crews conducting commercial flight operations.

Methods: A comparison was made between several in-flight studies of pilot fatigue, conducted over a 10-yr period on a variety of operations, and the predictions of a widely used bio-mathematical model, the System for Aircrew Fatigue Evaluation (SAFE). Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1170-6

Szczecin University, Szczecin, Zachodniopomorskie, Poland.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the distribution and dynamics of temperature changes on the surface of selected body parts after systemic cryostimulation. The changes that occurred as a reaction to the 1st, 5th, and 10th session of a series of 10 sessions were also analyzed.

Methods: The study group consisted of 24 students (12 women and 12 men, ∼21 yr of age) from the University School of Physical Education in Krakow. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Dec;85(12):1159-69

U.S. Army Institute of Public Health, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA.

Background: The T-10 parachute has been the U.S. Army standard parachute since 1952 and is now being replaced by the T-11, which has a capacity for heavier loads. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1157

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1156

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1155

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1154

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1151-3

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1149-51

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1146-8

Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1139-44

Environmental Physiology Unit at the School of Technology and Health, Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: A major part of testing of rebreather apparatuses for underwater diving focuses on the oxygen dosage system.

Methods: A metabolic simulator for testing breathing apparatuses was built and evaluated. Oxygen consumption was achieved through catalytic combustion of propene. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1136-8

U.S. Navy, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Background: Lower back pain is ubiquitous in the helicopter community and testicular cancer is the most common solid organ tumor that affects approximately 1% of men ages 15 to 35. However, rarely is lower back pain caused by testicular cancer and, in an otherwise healthy male, it is generally low on the differential diagnosis. Literature review discovered the most recent case report where lower back pain was the presenting symptom for testicular cancer was in 1987. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1130-5

U.S. Army Health Clinic, Schofi eld Barracks, Wahiawa, HI, USA.

Background: Between June-October 2012, 61 flight-medic-directed transfusions took place aboard U.S. Army Medical Evacuation (medevac) helicopters in Afghanistan. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1125-9

University of Colorado, Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

Background: High altitude illnesses (HAI) are a risk factor for any individual who is exposed to a significant increase in altitude. To learn more about the epidemiology of HAI, we sought to determine if health records from a commercial trekking company could provide novel data on the prevalence of HAI, as well as efficacy data regarding common HAI therapeutics.

Methods: Health parameters from 917 tourists ascending Mt. Read More

Aviat Space Environ Med 2014 Nov;85(11):1121-4

Faculty of Media, Arts & Society, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, Hampshire, UK.

Background: Nitrogen (N2) in air causes cognitive impairment from gas narcosis when breathed at increased ambient pressures. This impairment might be reduced by using enriched air nitrox (EANx) mixtures, which have a higher oxygen and lower N2 content compared to air. This study aimed to investigate if divers differed in memory ability and self-assessment when breathing air and EANx30. Read More