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Int J Dev Neurosci 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências Aplicadas à Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alfenas-Unifal-MG, Alfenas, Brazil.

Glyphosate is the organophosphate pesticide most widely used in the world. Recent studies correlate exposure to glyphosate and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Therefore, it was objective to propose a rat model of perinatal exposure to glyphosate- based herbicides (HBG) to study associated neurodevelopmental disorders. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Psychology, College of Health Professions, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Children with autism spectrum disorder present with challenging behaviors that can impact caregivers by increasing parental perceived stress and risk for depression. However, positive coping strategies have also been identified as protective factors for parents of children with ASD. The present study examined parental perceived daily stressors and positive coping strategies (i. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Physical Therapy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.

Children with complex behavioral profiles (e.g., ASD + ADHD) may experience delays in obtaining a final diagnosis. Read More

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lund University, Sofiavägen 2D, 22241, Lund, Sweden.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with an early onset. Guidelines recommend a careful evaluation of developmental history when assessing the disorders, but it is unclear how children with ADHD and ASD differ from their peers growing up. In this study, physical, family, psychological, social, and educational information were examined in 3623 ethnically diverse children that were prospectively followed from birth to age 15 as part of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Read More

Dev Psychobiol 2022 Sep;64(6):e22289

Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.

Maternal antibiotic (ABx) exposure can significantly perturb the transfer of microbiota from mother to offspring, resulting in dysbiosis of potential relevance to neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies in rodent models have found long-term neurobehavioral effects in offspring of ABx-treated dams, but ASD-relevant behavior during the early preweaning period has thus far been neglected. Here, we exposed C57BL/6J mouse dams to ABx (5 mg/ml neomycin, 1. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States.

Aim: Adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health co-occurring conditions. This study examined the association between obesity and several co-occurring conditions - autism spectrum disorder (ASD); intellectual disability; learning disability; stuttering, stammering or other speech problems; developmental delay; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; epilepsy or seizure disorder; cerebral palsy; depression; anxiety; and Tourette Syndrome - in adolescents aged 10-17 years (n = 26 266) using 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health data (n = 27 328); χ tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of obesity and several co-occurring conditions. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2022 6;13:862410. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Next-generation sequencing techniques have accelerated the discovery of rare mutations responsible for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in genes involved in a large number of physiological processes, including the control of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, signaling pathways, synaptic scaffolding, neurotransmitter receptors, and lipid metabolism. Genetic diagnosis provides subjects with an explanation of the cause of their disorder. However, it does not, or at least does not yet, shed light on the psychopathological phenomena specific to the individual. Read More

Pharmaceutics 2022 May 31;14(6). Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Oxytocin (OT), a mammalian neurohormone associated with social cognition and behavior, can be administered in its synthetic form intranasally (IN) and impact brain chemistry and behavior. IN-OT shows potential as a noninvasive intervention for disorders characterized by social challenges, e.g. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 20;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan 33343, Taiwan.

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders with high heritability. To search for the genetic deficits in two siblings affected with ID and ASD in a family, we first performed a genome-wide copy number variation (CNV) analysis using chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). We found a 3. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 1;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.

There have been promising results regarding the capability of statistical and machine-learning techniques to offer insight into unique metabolomic patterns observed in ASD. This work re-examines a comparative study contrasting metabolomic and nutrient measurements of children with ASD (n = 55) against their typically developing (TD) peers ( = 44) through a multivariate statistical lens. Hypothesis testing, receiver characteristic curve assessment, and correlation analysis were consistent with prior work and served to underscore prominent areas where metabolomic and nutritional profiles between the groups diverged. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 1;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, with mutations in hundreds of genes contributing to its risk. Herein, we studied lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from children diagnosed with autistic disorder ( = 10) and controls ( = 7) using RNA and miRNA sequencing profiles. The sequencing analysis identified 1700 genes and 102 miRNAs differentially expressed between the ASD and control LCLs ( ≤ 0. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 May 27;12(6). Epub 2022 May 27.

Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders and occurs in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. Cutting-edge technologies are contributing to understanding genetic underpinnings in ASD. The reported patient is a 32-year-old male and as an infant was noted to have microcephaly, hypospadias, pulmonary vascular anomaly, and small stature. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Jun 8;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70121 Bari, Italy.

Telemedicine has recently been used for diagnosis and interventions inpatients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), traditionally performed in-person, but little attention has been paid to user expectations prior to its use. The aim of this study is to compare the expectations and concerns of 50 healthcare professionals and 45 parents of children with ASD regarding the use of telemedicine for diagnostic or treatment purposes. Parents have higher expectations for the use of telemedicine as an alternative ( = 0. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Jun 10;23(12). Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive and stereotyped behaviors as well as difficulties with social interaction and communication. According to reports for prevalence rates of ASD, approximately 1~2% of children worldwide have been diagnosed with ASD. Although there are a couple of FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-approved drugs for ASD treatment such as aripiprazole and risperidone, they are efficient for alleviating aggression, hyperactivity, and self-injury but not the core symptoms. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 14;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.

The World Health Organization has identified nervous system diseases as one of the biggest public health problems, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Considering the extensive benefits of physical activity (PA), the literature on the PA research of ASD has increased each year, but there is a lack of bibliometric analyses in this field. To investigate the research achievements worldwide, this paper adopts bibliometrics to analyze the trend in the academic literature on the PA research of ASD published from 1980 to 2021. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jun 12;19(12). Epub 2022 Jun 12.

1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Sq. 1/3, 02-015 Warsaw, Poland.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are multifactorial and complex neurodevelopmental conditions usually diagnosed in the early childhood. The etiology of ASDs is commonly described as a genetic predisposition combined with an environmental impact. As a result of broadening of the diagnostic criteria the prevalence of ASDs has been increasing worldwide and the search for the modifiable factors is still on-going. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 Jun 20;13(6). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Microbiome Therapy Center, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518111, China.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects more than 1% of children, and there is no viable pharmacotherapeutic agent to treat the core symptoms of ASD. Studies have shown that children with ASD show changes in their levels of immune response molecules. Our previous studies have shown that ASD is more common in children with folate receptor autoantibodies. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 Jun 2;13(6). Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder in which genetics play a major role. Molecular diagnosis may lead to a more accurate prognosis, improved clinical management, and potential treatment of the condition. Both copy number variations (CNVs) and single nucleotide variations (SNVs) have been reported to contribute to the genetic etiology of ASD. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 Jun 2;13(6). Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with onset in early childhood [... Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 May 29;13(6). Epub 2022 May 29.

Louis A Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are involved in the detoxification of exogenous chemicals including lead (Pb). Using data from 344 pairs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases and age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) controls (2-8 years old) from Jamaica, we investigated the interaction between three GST genes and ASD status as determinants of blood Pb concentrations (BPbCs). We found that ASD cases had lower geometric mean BPbCs than TD children (1. Read More

Brain Sci 2022 Jun 16;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a group of conditions associated with the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and characterized by somatic and neuropsychological alterations. On the other hand, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by a multifaceted neurobehavioral syndrome. Since alcohol can affect every stage of brain development, some authors hypothesized that in utero alcohol exposure might be linked to an increased risk of ASD in subjects with genetic vulnerability. Read More

Brain Sci 2022 Jun 14;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.

Recent studies have shown promise for the use of probiotics in modulating behaviour through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In the present study, we assessed the impact of two probiotic strains in mitigating autism-related symptomology in the BTBR /J mouse model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Male juvenile BTBR mice were randomized into: (1) control, (2) probiotic (1 × 10 CFU/mL HA-114), and (3) probiotic groups (1 × 10 CFU/mL HA-118) (n = 18-21/group), receiving treatments in drinking water for 4 weeks. Read More

Cells 2022 Jun 16;11(12). Epub 2022 Jun 16.

National Enterprise for NanoScience and NanoTchnology (NEST), Istituto Nanoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy.

PCDH19 epilepsy (DEE9) is an X-linked syndrome associated with cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Since heterozygous females are affected, while mutant males are spared, it is likely that DEE9 pathogenesis is related to disturbed cell-to-cell communication associated with mosaicism. However, the effects of mosaic PCDH19 expression on cortical networks are unknown. Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 May 27;9(6). Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Humanities & Tourism, Rizhao Polytechnic, Rizhao 276800, China.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in the use of appropriate interactive language (including structural language and pragmatic skills) in social contexts. However, the phenotype and causes of interactive language deficits in children with ASD, in different contexts, are still unclear. In this study, we examined the structural language and pragmatic skills of children with ASD in four contexts: playing, drawing, reading, and free talking. Read More

Biomedicines 2022 Jun 9;10(6). Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Unit of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.

ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown aetiology but with a known contribution of pathogenic immune-mediated mechanisms. HERVs are associated with several neuropsychiatric diseases, including ASD. We studied anti-HERV-W, -K and -H-env immune profiles in ASD children to analyse differences between their respective mothers and child/mother control pairs and possible correlations to ASD severity and loss of adaptive abilities. Read More

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022 Jun 23;16(1):50. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Meeting daily guidelines for physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration is associated with a host of health indicators for youth. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated the associations between adherence to the movement guidelines and health-related outcomes among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Parents of youth with ASD (10-17 years) from seven countries and regions were invited to provide online proxy-reports for child's movement behaviors (i. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Genetics and Biochemistry Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by challenges in social communication as well as repetitive or restrictive behaviors. Many genetic associations with ASD have been identified, but most associations occur in a fraction of the ASD population. Here, we searched for eQTL-associated DNA variants with significantly different allele distributions between ASD-affected and control. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 23;12(1):10659. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Emerging evidence of an altered gut microbiome in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests a pathomechanism through the gut-brain axis despite the inconsistent microbiome profile reported across studies. One of the knowledge gaps in the existing ASD microbiota studies is the lack of systematic exploration of the role of comorbid functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) in the association of ASD and altered gut microbiome. Consequently, 92 ASD and 112 age-matched typically developing (TD) boys were profiled on general psychopathology, FGID status by Rome IV classification, and gut microbiota using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing at the V4 hypervariable region. Read More

Int J Dev Neurosci 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.

Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that can affect social interactions and sensory-motor behaviors. The present study investigates the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on behavioral alterations and neuron responses associated with the barrel cortex of young adult female and male rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid (VPA). Pregnant female rats were pretreated with either saline or VPA (500 mg/kg, IP) on day 12. Read More