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Emerg Med Australas 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Sax Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective: To evaluate potential gaming of the 4 h ED length of stay metric known as the National Emergency Access Target (NEAT) in Australia and Emergency Treatment Performance (ETP) in New South Wales (NSW).

Methods: Descriptive statistical analysis was used to recalculate and compare the scores for NEAT and the NSW ETP using variations in the definitions of their measurement on 32 184 presentations during 2016. A computer simulation using a discrete event model illustrated the effect of the use of ED short stay beds on the ETP scores. Read More

Appl Clin Inform 2019 Mar 17;10(2):261-268. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Nursing & Emergency Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.

Background:  Heart failure is one of the serious cardiovascular diseases, which poses a global pandemic and places a heavy burden on health care systems worldwide. The incidence of this disease in Iran is higher than in other Asian countries. To reduce patients' complications, readmission rates, and health care expenditures, it is necessary to design interventions, which are culturally appropriate and based on community needs. Read More

Plant Dis 2019 Apr 16:PDIS09181666RE. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

2 UWA Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.

(ZYMV) isolates were obtained in Papua New Guinea (PNG) from cucumber () or pumpkin ( spp.) plants showing mosaic symptoms growing at Kongop in the Mount Hagen District, Western Highlands Province, or Zage in the Goroka District, Eastern Highlands Province. The samples were blotted onto FTA cards, which were sent to Australia, where they were subjected to high-throughput sequencing. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0214019. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

The study of domestic money goes at the heart of debates about independence and equality in intimate relationships. It provides an important window on the individualization of family life and how couples reconcile ideals around egalitarian marriage ideologies with enduring gender inequality in society and the labor market. This study approaches these issues from the prism of couples' banking arrangements (separate vs. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):155-162

9 College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University and ACH Group, Adelaide, South Australia.

To estimate the prevalence of chronic edema (CO) and wounds within two vulnerable populations, a male high security prison in the East Midlands (United Kingdom) and residential and nursing homes in the United Kingdom and Australia. Methods for screening for CO and wounds were adapted from the main LIMPRINT methodology. In total, 195 inmates were recruited with 22 (11%) having CO. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):173-177

7 School of Social Sciences, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Australia was one of nine participating countries in the epidemiology Phase II Lymphoedema Impact and Prevalence - International (LIMPRINT) project to determine the number of people with chronic edema (CO) in local health services. Data collection occurred through questionnaire-based interviews and clinical assessment with provided LIMPRINT tools. Four different types of services across three states in Australia participated. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales.

Objective: To describe the social, emotional and physical wellbeing of Aboriginal mothers in prison.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey, including a Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (5-item version) administered to Aboriginal women who self-identified as mothers.

Results: Seventy-seven Aboriginal mothers in New South Wales (NSW) and 84 in Western Australia (WA) participated in the study. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Victoria.

Objective: This study examined the distribution of alcohol consumption in Australia, identifying the heaviest drinking 10% of the population and examining their sociodemographic characteristics and their alcohol consumption and purchasing practices.

Methods: Data came from the 2016 National Drug Strategy Household Survey and the 2013 International Alcohol Control Study. The heaviest drinking 10% of the population identified based on estimates of annual alcohol consumption. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Northern Territory Centre for Disease Control, Northern Territory.

Objectives: We report a cluster of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) cases and the public health response in a high-burden Australian setting.

Methods: The public health unit was notified of an increase in ARF cases in a remote Australian Aboriginal community. A multi-disciplinary group coordinated the response. Read More

Aust N Z J Public Health 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Australian National University, School of Medicine, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.

J Lesbian Stud 2019 Apr 17:1-26. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

a Faculty of Law , University of Tasmania , Tasmania , Australia.

Feminist advocacy and activism over the last 40 years broke historic ground in shining a light on "domestic" or "family" violence, traditionally conceptualized as male violence against female intimate partners and their children. This has resulted in a large body of research, particularly in the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, and similar jurisdictions, around the gendered nature of family violence and violence within heterosexual relationships and heterosexual-parented families. As a consequence, the predominant narrative-in political, policy, and advocacy settings-is largely heteronormative. Read More

Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, UC Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Rationale: Oxygen isotope ratios (δ O values) of fish otoliths (ear bones) are valuable geochemical tracers of water conditions and thermal life history. Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) are osmerid forage fish endemic to the San Francisco Estuary, California, USA and are on the verge of extinction. These fish exhibit a complex life history that allows them to survive in a dynamic estuarine environment; however, a rapidly warming climate threatens this thermally-sensitive species. Read More

Intern Med J 2019 Apr;49 Suppl 2:5-41

J Anat 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Zoological Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Scaling of the heart across development can reveal the degree to which variation in cardiac morphology depends on body mass. In this study, we assessed the scaling of heart mass, left and right ventricular masses, and ventricular mass ratio, as a function of eviscerated body mass across fetal and postnatal development in Horro sheep Ovis aries (~50-fold body mass range; N = 21). Whole hearts were extracted from carcasses, cleaned, dissected into chambers and weighed. Read More

Ecology 2019 Apr 16:e02732. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Griffith School of Environment and Science and the Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.

Decadal-scale increases in fire frequency have the potential to deplete ecosystems of essential nutrients and consequently impede nutrient-limited biological processes via stoichiometric imbalance. Decomposition, a fundamental ecosystem function and strong driver of future fire occurrence, is highly sensitive to nutrient availability and is, therefore, particularly important in this context. Here we show that forty years of quadrennial (4yB) and biennial (2yB) prescribed burning result in severely P- and N-depleted litter stoichiometry, respectively, relative to fire exclusion. Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Liège, Belgium.

There is increasing emphasis on patient-centred research to support the development, approval and reimbursement of health interventions that best meet patients' needs. However, there is currently little guidance on how meaningful patient engagement may be achieved. An expert working group, representing a wide range of stakeholders and disciplines, was convened by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Read More

Heliyon 2019 Apr 3;5(4):e01275. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Peter Faber Business School, Australian Catholic University, Australia.

Artificial Neural networks (ANNs) are often applied to data classification problems. However, training ANNs remains a challenging task due to the large and high dimensional nature of search space particularly in the process of fine-tuning the best set of control parameters in terms of weight and bias. Evolutionary algorithms are proved to be a reliable optimization method for training the parameters. Read More

eNeuro 2019 Mar-Apr;6(2). Epub 2019 Apr 9.

National Vision Research Institute, Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia.

A central transformation that occurs within mammalian visual cortex is the change from linear, polarity-sensitive responses to nonlinear, polarity-insensitive responses. These neurons are classically labelled as either simple or complex, respectively, on the basis of their response linearity (Skottun et al., 1991). Read More

PeerJ 2019 8;7:e6739. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

IBAHCM, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Enormous quantities of biodiversity data are being made available online, but much of this data remains isolated in silos. One approach to breaking these silos is to map local, often database-specific identifiers to shared global identifiers. This mapping can then be used to construct a knowledge graph, where entities such as taxa, publications, people, places, specimens, sequences, and institutions are all part of a single, shared knowledge space. Read More

Confl Health 2019 4;13:13. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

2ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland Long Pocket Precinct, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068 Australia.

Background: The role of migration pathway (refugees vs. asylum seekers) is seldom addressed in extant literature that looks at gender and mental health of humanitarian migrants. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between gender and psychological distress among humanitarian migrants in Australia including the potential moderating role of migration pathway. Read More

Bull World Health Organ 2019 Mar 18;97(3):178-189C. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Division of Pacific Technical Support, World Health Organization, Suva, Fiji.

Objective: To assess the performance of an early warning, alert and response system (EWARS) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) - EWARS in a Box - that was used to detect and control disease outbreaks after Cyclone Winston caused destruction in Fiji on 20 February 2016.

Methods: Immediately after the cyclone, Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services, supported by WHO, started to implement EWARS in a Box, which is a smartphone-based, automated, early warning surveillance system for rapid deployment during health emergencies. Both indicator-based and event-based surveillance were employed. Read More

Leukemia 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Myeloma Research Group, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Alfred Hospital-Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Monitoring tumour burden and therapeutic response through analyses of circulating cell-free tumour DNA (ctDNA) and extracellular RNA (exRNA) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients were performed in a Phase Ib trial of 24 relapsed/refractory patients receiving oral azacitidine in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone. Mutational characterisation of paired BM and PL samples at study entry identified that patients with a higher number of mutations or a higher mutational fractional abundance in PL had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (p = 0.005 and p = 0. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 16;9(1):6159. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Centre for Complex Systems, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

We examine non-typhoidal Salmonella (S. Typhimurium or STM) epidemics as complex systems, driven by evolution and interactions of diverse microbial strains, and focus on emergence of successful strains. Our findings challenge the established view that seasonal epidemics are associated with random sets of co-circulating STM genotypes. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Apr 16;9(4):e023990. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, University of South Australia Division of Health Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Objective: To determine time to opioid cessation post discharge from hospital in persons who had been admitted to hospital for a surgical procedure and were previously naïve to opioids.

Design, Setting And Participants: Retrospective cohort study using administrative health claims database from the Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs (DVA). DVA gold card holders aged between 18 and 100 years who were admitted to hospital for a surgical admission between 1 January 2014 and 30 December 2015 and naïve to opioid therapy prior to admission were included in the study. Read More

Heart Lung Circ 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; School of Health and Life Sciences, Federation University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.

Background: Depression is common in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Clinical practice guidelines recommend routine depression screening by cardiologists. The aim of the study was to undertake a national survey of Australian cardiologists' clinical practice behaviours in relation to depression screening, referral, and treatment. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Apr 16;12(1):173. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Background: Schistosome parasites lay up to a thousand eggs per day inside the veins of their mammalian hosts. The immature eggs deposited by females against endothelia of venules will embryonate within days. Approximately 30% of the eggs will migrate to the lumen of the intestine to continue the parasite life-cycle. Read More

Trials 2019 Apr 15;20(1):219. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.

Background: Diabetes is increasing in incidence, morbidity and treatment costs globally, hence prevention strategies need to be explored. Animal studies and some human data have shown that zinc can improve glycaemic control, but the impact of this effect in a pre-diabetic population remains uncertain. This study is designed to investigate whether zinc gluconate and lifestyle coaching can improve glucose handling and ultimately reduce diabetes incidence in an at-risk pre-diabetic population in Australia. Read More

BMC Med Educ 2019 Apr 16;19(1):109. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond Institute of Health and Sport, Bond University, Robina, QLD, Gold Coast, 4226, Australia.

Background: No documented standard or core competencies exist for paediatric curriculum in entry-level physiotherapy programs in Australia. Consequently, extensive variability is thought to exist amongst Australian entry-level physiotherapy programs for preparing physiotherapists to work safely and effectively with children. The purpose of this study was to explore the landscape of paediatric curriculum in Australian entry-level physiotherapy programs and identify the paediatric content being covered, its perceived importance according to university academics who teach paediatrics, the mode of delivery and assessment, and the strengths, weaknesses, barriers and facilitators to implementing paediatric curriculum. Read More

Trials 2019 Apr 16;20(1):221. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive-metabolic condition. Insulin resistance is a hallmark of PCOS and is related to increased hyperandrogenism that drives inherent metabolic, reproductive and psychological features of the syndrome. Insulin resistance in women with PCOS is managed by weight loss, lifestyle interventions (i. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Apr 15;19(1):407. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the validity of the Active Australia Survey across different subgroups and its responsiveness to change, as few previous studies have examined this.

Methods: The Active Australia Survey was validated against the ActiGraph as an objective measure of physical activity. Participants (n = 465) wore the ActiGraph for 7 days and subsequently completed the Active Australia Survey. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Apr 16;19(1):79. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Canberra Hospital and Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

Background: In 2017, Australia experienced its highest levels of influenza virus activity since the 2009 pandemic. This allowed detailed comparison of the characteristics of patients with community and hospital-acquired influenza, and infection control factors that contributed to influenza spread.

Methods: A surveillance based study was conducted on hospitalised patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza at the Canberra Hospital during April-October 2017. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Apr 16;19(1):414. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.

Background: Given the importance of knowing the potential impediments and enablers for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in a specific population, the aim of this study was to systematically review and summarise evidence on individual, social, environmental, and policy correlates of PA and SB in the Thai population.

Methods: A systematic review of articles written in Thai and English was conducted. Studies that reported at least one correlate for PA and/or SB in a healthy Thai population were selected independently by two authors. Read More

Proc Biol Sci 2019 Apr;286(1901):20190114

1 Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University , Frank Fenner Building 141, Linnaeus Way, Acton ACT 2601 , Australia.

Restoring native vegetation in agricultural landscapes can reverse biodiversity declines via species gains. Depending on whether the traits of colonizers are complementary or redundant to the assemblage, species gains can increase the efficiency or stability of ecological functions, yet detecting these processes is not straightforward. We propose a new conceptual model to identify potential changes to complementarity and redundancy in response to landscape change via relative changes in taxonomic and functional richness. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 15;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Public Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia.

Improving population diets is a public health priority, and calls have been made for corporations such as supermarkets to contribute. Supermarkets hold a powerful position within the food system, and one source of power is supermarket own brand foods (SOBFs). Many of the world's largest supermarkets have corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies that can impact public health, but little is known about their quality or practical application. Read More

Molecules 2019 Apr 15;24(8). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia.

Parasitic helminths infect billions of people, livestock, and companion animals worldwide. Recently, they have been explored as a novel therapeutic modality to treat autoimmune diseases due to their potent immunoregulatory properties. While feeding in the gut/organs/tissues, the parasitic helminths actively release excretory-secretory products (ESP) to modify their environment and promote their survival. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Apr 15;16(8). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia.

Lifestyle behaviours have an important role in preventing cancer, reducing treatment side effects, and improving survival and quality of life for cancer survivors. This study investigated adherence to multiple lifestyle behaviours among women with and without a cancer history. From the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH) surveys, 2407 cancer survivors and 3896 controls (cancer free population) were identified. Read More

J Radiol Prot 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Yallambie, Victoria, AUSTRALIA.

Nuclear medicine (NM) procedures for diagnosis and treatment of disease are performed routinely in hospitals throughout the world. These involve preparation and administration to patients of pharmaceuticals labelled with radioactive material. There is potential for incidents to occur, involving unintended exposures of patients or staff members, throughout all stages of a procedure. Read More

J Colloid Interface Sci 2019 Apr 11;548:151-159. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. Electronic address:

Light-responsive nanocarriers are applicable as non-invasive, highly tunable and precisely controlled drug delivery systems. Here, we report a new nanocarrier system, achieved by doping D1, a type of green light-responsive donor acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA), into a lipid-based lyotropic liquid crystalline system. Time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering was used to confirm that the matrix underwent a rapid and fully reversible phase transition from lamellar to inverse cubic phase upon irradiation with green light (532 nm), reverting back on removal of light. Read More

Appetite 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Locked Bag, 20000, Geelong, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:

Suboptimal vegetable and fruit consumption by young children is common. Identifying predictors of vegetable and fruit intakes is important for informing strategies to promote sufficient intakes of these foods from early life. The aim of the present study was to examine predictors of toddlers' vegetable and fruit intakes at age 18 months. Read More

Reprod Fertil Dev 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

This reflective review describes how a research model, which was originally established for the successful AI of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), is currently being developed and extended to the wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons and Vombatus ursinus) and short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus). The research model centres around the establishment of an AI program and involves: (1) semen collection, evaluation and preservation, requiring an understanding of male reproductive physiology and gamete biology; (2) timing of insemination, based on a knowledge of oestrous cycle and gestation physiology and oestrous behaviour; and (3) the appropriate placement of semen, which relies on an accurate description of female reproductive anatomy. Published and unpublished studies of assisted breeding technology (ABT) development in all three species of Australian mammals reported in this review (koala, wombat and short-beaked echidna) clearly demonstrate the importance of recognising species-specific variation in reproductive biology. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Australian Federal Police, GPO Box 401, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.

Soil is a common evidence type used in forensic and intelligence operations. Where soil composition databases are lacking or inadequate, we propose to use publicly available soil attribute rasters to reduce forensic search areas. Soil attribute rasters, which have recently become widely available at high spatial resolutions, typically three arc-seconds (~90 m), are predictive models of the distribution of soil properties (with confidence limits) derived from data mining the inter-relationships between these properties and several environmental covariates. Read More

PLoS One 2019 16;14(4):e0215358. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Global Obesity Centre (GLOBE), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.

Background: Rural Australian populations experience an increased burden of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) compared to their metropolitan counterparts, similar to other developed countries, globally. Policy and other efforts need to address and acknowledge these differences in order to reduce inequalities in health burden. This paper examines rural health policy makers' perceptions and use of evidence in efforts to reduce the burden of IHD in rural areas. Read More

J Am Med Inform Assoc 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Schools of Medicine, Information and Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Objective: To assess measurement practice in clinical decision support evaluation studies.

Materials And Methods: We identified empirical studies evaluating clinical decision support systems published from 1998 to 2017. We reviewed titles, abstracts, and full paper contents for evidence of attention to measurement validity, reliability, or reuse. Read More

J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Accumulating evidence internationally points to an increased risk of crime perpetration and victimization among people with an intellectual disability (ID). This study aimed to examine the impact that comorbid mental illness had on the association between intellectual disability, crime perpetration and criminal victimization.

Method: A case linkage methodology involving 2,220 individuals with an intellectual disability from an Australian State. Read More

Elife 2019 Apr 16;8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States.

Complex interspecies relationships are widespread among metazoans, but the evolutionary history of these lifestyles is poorly understood. We describe a fossil beetle in 99-million-year-old Burmese amber that we infer to have been a social impostor of the earliest-known ant colonies. gen. Read More

Appl Spectrosc 2019 Apr 16:3702819837297. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

RMIT University.

A rapid tool to discriminate rhino horn and ivory samples from different mammalian species based on the combination of near-infrared reflection (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometrics was evaluated In this study, samples from the Australian Museum mammalogy collection were scanned between 950 to 1650 nm using a handheld spectrophotometer and analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). An overall correct classification rate of 73.5% was obtained for the classification of all samples. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and HTA, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Background: Patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Australian orthopaedic guidelines recommend aspirin and low-molecular-weight heparin (e.g. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Background: Few large Australian studies have explored the impact of acute surgical unit (ASU) model in appendicitis.

Methods: An ASU model commenced practice at our institution on 1 August 2012. In this retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing appendicectomy 2. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Urology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: To investigate the trends in urinary diversion (UD) in Australia over the past 20 years, to correlate with patient demographics and to compare with international data.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of Medicare Australia data was performed using the relevant Medicare Benefit Schedule procedure codes over the past 20 years. Included diversion procedures were ureterocutaneous, ureterocolonic, intestinal conduit and continent reservoir. Read More