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Aust Endod J 2019 Apr 14. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Cutting dental zirconia for endodontic access preparation is difficult. Therefore, this study aimed to determine cutting efficiency of various burs when cutting this material. An air turbine handpiece was used in a customised test rig to cut sintered zirconia specimens, using a conventional blue band diamond, two different zirconia-cutting diamond and a zirconia-cutting tungsten carbide bur. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1):5-11

Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

The aim of this review is to discuss the requirements for effective irrigation of the root canal system and its role in treatment outcome. A review of the literature regarding irrigants, methods of irrigation and regimens was undertaken. It indicates that irrigation is comprised of a multitude of factors, and that effective irrigant delivery and agitation achieves mechanical, chemical and microbiological functions, which are prerequisites for obtaining a clean canal system. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1):135-136

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1)

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1):135

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1)

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1):135

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr;45(1):136

Aust Endod J 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

This study evaluated the effect of three different NiTi instrumentation techniques on the incidence of microcracks after the preparation of straight and curved root canals using micro-CT. Roots from mandibular premolars and maxillary molars (n = 66) with the same mean canal curvatures were assigned to three groups of straight and three groups of curved roots (n = 11). After preoperative micro-CT scans, root canals were prepared with Reciproc, OneShape and ProTaper Next to size 25. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of different activated irrigation techniques on removal of debris and smear layer from curved root canals. Ninety mandibular molars with a root canal curvature between 20 and 40 degrees were assigned to 4 groups (n = 20): syringe irrigation (SI), passive ultrasonic activation (PUI), sonic activation with EDDY (ED) or EndoActivator (EA) and a control group. Mesiobuccal root canals were prepared to size 40, 0. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.

The aim was to evaluate debris and smear layer at 1, 3 and 5 mm from the foramen of single-file systems WaveOne Gold® and Reciproc Blue®. Thirty single-rooted teeth were prepared using one of the following NiTi instruments WaveOne Gold® and Reciproc Blue®. Root canals were observed under a scanning electron microscope. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology and Center of Dental Traumatology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

This study investigated the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) by endodontists in Germany and Switzerland. Sixty-eight German endodontic specialists (G-ES), 22 Swiss endodontic specialists (CH-ES) and 95 dentists with a German Master of Science in endodontics (MSc) were invited to participate. Data on the timing of diagnostic assessments, endodontic case difficulty and indications for CBCT use were collected by questionnaire. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate different protocols of enzymatic treatment (collagenase with either protease, trypsin or hyaluronidase) to isolate mature odontoblasts. Primary odontoblasts were obtained from human molars, which was confirmed by histology and scanning electron microscopy. The combination of collagenase with protease appeared most suitable and resulted in higher cell numbers and better integrity of the odontoblast processes, whereas combination with hyaluronidase or trypsin led to truncated processes and detachment of cell patches instead of single cells. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Private Practice, Rome, Italy.

This ex vivo study assessed the effectiveness of two activation modes to increase the intracanal temperature of 5.25% NaOCl solution and the time for a preheated-irrigant to return to its initial temperature. Ten single-rooted extracted human teeth were used. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between faculty member assessments and student self-assessments regarding the latter's performance in a preclinical endodontic course. The data were collected from 30 undergraduate dental students enrolled in a preclinical endodontic course at Taibah University in Saudi Arabia during 2017-2018 academic year. One course coordinator calibrated the grading method and distributed it to all staff and students. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Endodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Apoptosis (a programmed cell death mechanism) within the radicular cyst epithelium has still not been correlated with any clinical factor. This study aimed to investigate the effect of calcium hydroxide on apoptosis, via the detection of caspase-9. Thirty radicular cysts collected during apicoectomies and stored in paraffin were retrospectively retrieved. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

This study investigated the efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and ultrasonic activated irrigation on eradicating a mixed-species biofilm grown in root canals with complex anatomy. The biofilm was grown over 4-weeks in the root canals of decoronated human mandibular molar teeth. Control roots received no further treatment. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Jan 6. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.

This study aimed to compare the efficiency of root canal filling procedures and the retrievability of the filling material with various sealers. Forty-three patients assigned to endodontic treatment with (i) continuous wave of condensation technique (CTW) with AH-plus (ii) single-cone technique (SCT) with EndoSeal MTA. The spent time, voids entrapping and postoperative symptoms were evaluated. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr 6;45(1):12-19. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Department of Endodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA.

A comparison of the preparation ability of two root canal instrumentation systems in oval-shaped canals using micro-computed tomography was undertaken. Thirty extracted, single-rooted, human mandibular premolars with radiographically similar canal morphology were selected, allocated to two groups (N = 15) and prepared with TRUShape or Vortex Blue (VB). Each sample was subjected to three scans (20 μm resolution): pre-preparation and after preparation to sizes #30 and #40. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Jan 6. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Servicio de Anatomía Patologica Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Anatomía Patologica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.

The aim of the present study was to analyse differences in the tissue response to the different haemostatic agents used for periapical surgery (BloodSTOP iX (oxicellulose), Expazen (aluminum chloride), calcium sulphate (CS), Gelatamp (gelatin sponge) and Hemocor (ferric sulphate). Seventy-two bone defects were made on the calvarium of 36 Sprague-Dawley rats. The specimens were euthanised at 3, 6 and 12 weeks. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

This systematic review assessed the effect of different root canal instrumentation systems on endotoxin reduction from the root canal system. The literature search was conducted in two electronic databases (PubMed and Scopus) using specific key words. The search strategy followed the PRISMA guidelines. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):300

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):300

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):203

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):301

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):201-202

Australian Endodontic Journal.

Aust Endod J 2018 Dec;44(3):300

Aust Endod J 2018 Nov 6. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Operative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan.

This report shows the healing process of an exposed pulp carbonised by CO laser irradiation prior to the application of a capping material. Six intact teeth from four volunteers were irradiated by CO laser and randomly capped with either an adhesive resin (SE bond) (n = 3) or calcium hydroxide-based cement (Dycal) (n = 3). The laser was operated in super-pulsed mode (power output, 0. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Nov 6. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Biomaterials Science, Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre - TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of 1% phytic acid as a mixing medium on the setting times and diametral tensile strengths of different calcium silicate-based cements. Specimens for four experimental groups (n = 20/each) were fabricated by mixing ProRoot MTA (Dentsply) and Biodentine (Septodont) powders with their original liquids or with 1% phytic acid. Half of the samples in each group were immediately subjected to setting time tests, whereas the remaining half was subjected to the diametral tensile strength test after 3 weeks. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Nov 6. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.

The aim of this study was to investigate the size, shape and position of the physiological foramen and the relationship between the age and gender to the location and size of the apical foramen of mandibular first premolars. One hundred and one extracted human mandibular first premolar teeth were examined; age and gender of the patients were recorded. Apices of teeth were examined stereomicroscopically for number, size and shape of apical foramina; frequency and deviation of accessory foramina from the apex and the relation with age and gender. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 22. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

The purpose of this study was to explore the level of agreement between the radiographic and the electronic apex locator (EAL) working length assessment methods, amongst teeth with different diagnoses. Working length measurements along with pulpal and periapical diagnoses data were collected from the Patient Registry Database of our Institution. The null hypothesis of this study was that pulp status does not affect the level of agreement between the two methods. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 19. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Oral Restorative and Rehabilitative Sciences, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia (M512), Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

Root canal treatment (RCT) is widely perceived to be a painful procedure. There is a lack of data regarding patients' perceptions of RCT within the Australian population. The aims of this pilot study were to investigate the perception of adult Australian patients within the Perth Metropolitan area and to identify how this changes following treatment. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodium perborate on the compressive strength of calcium silicate-based materials. ProRoot wMTA, MTA Plus, NeoMTA Plus and Biodentine discs with 5 mm thickness and 4 mm diameter were prepared. Thirty discs from each material were used for compressive strength testing and divided into two groups: control and bleaching (n = 15). Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Oral Health Sciences, Endodontology, KULeuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

This case report describes the endodontic treatment of a maxillary first molar with two palatal roots. Both of the palatal canals had separate canal orifices and separate foramina. A cone beam computed tomography scan was taken prior to treatment to visualise any abnormalities seen on a periapical radiograph. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Incomplete endodontic treatment is potentially a public health issue. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the endodontic treatment completion rate at a University student clinic and to identify the factors associated with completion rates. The records of all patients who commenced an endodontic treatment (code 415) from January 2015 to December 2015 were extracted. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

The present report describes a case where sealer extrusion (Sealapex) occurred during root canal obturation of a left lower second premolar tooth, and the patient experienced sudden pain and followed by complete anaesthesia of the lower lip. After 3 weeks of conservative therapy and an unaltered anaesthesia period, piezosurgical removal of the extruded sealer and root-end resection was performed despite the direct contact with the mental neurovascular bundle. At suture removal, 1 week after surgery, there was no improvement in sensation. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 14. Epub 2018 Oct 14.

Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, İzmir, Turkey.

The aim of this study was to introduce a new three-dimensional curvature classification method to evaluate the canal curvature and analyse its effect on the amount of debris extrusion during reciprocating preparation. Freshly extracted mandibular molar teeth were collected. After performing access cavities, periapical radiographs were taken on both mesio-distal and bucco-lingual planes of each tooth using a digital sensor. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Oct 7. Epub 2018 Oct 7.

Department of Dentistry. State, University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to compare preventive ibuprofen administration to placebo on the efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis. A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, SIGLE, and grey literature. The risk of bias was evaluated through the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 21. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.

CD90 expression and immunoreactive cell localisation in rat dental pulp cells after cavity preparation was investigated. Cavity preparation was performed on the maxillary first molar of 8-week-old Wistar rats (n = 36), and immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR were performed. CD90-immunoreactivity was observed among subodontoblastic cells in the control group. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

School of Pharmacy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of ultrasonic activation (US) over final irrigants on antimicrobial activity, smear layer removal and bond strength. The root canals of 180 extracted human teeth were distributed into three experimental tests (n = 60). In each test, the samples were subdivided into six groups (n = 10) according to final irrigation protocols: G1:distilled water (DW); G2:DW + US; G3:17% EDTA; G4:QMix; G5:17% EDTA + US; and G6:QMix + US. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey.

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the percentage of penetration of three final irrigant into the dentinal tubules after application of several irrigation techniques. Mandibular premolars were divided into nine groups (n:10): chlorhexidine (CHX) + conventional syringe irrigation (CI), CHX + EndoActivator (SI), CHX + Er,Cr:YSGG laser (LAI), QMix + CI, QMix + SI, QMix + LAI, Irritrol + CI, Irritrol + SI and Irritrol + LAI. Following irrigation, all roots were horizontally sectioned at 2 mm and 5 mm from the apex and examined using a confocal laser scanning microscopy. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Dental Clinic, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal configuration of maxillary premolars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT images of 999 maxillary premolars from a database were analysed to determine the frequency of the number of roots, root canals and Vertucci's classification. The associations among these variables were evaluated by Chi-square test (P < 0. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Faculty of Biomedical Science, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

In endodontic infections, inflammatory mediators such as cytokines are released, recruited and retained until the infection is eradicated. Root canal therapy is performed to prevent the spread of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of root canal debridement (cleaning and shaping) on periapical inflammation by measuring the levels of inflammatory cytokines, Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10). Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Sep 19. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, Implantology and Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

The aim of this study was to investigate the root and root canal morphologies of mandibular canines with additional roots using cone-beam computed tomography. Seventy-seven extracted two-rooted and one-three-rooted permanent human mandibular canines were selected. Aspects of the external morphology evaluated were crown length, root length, total length, root bifurcation distance from the cementoenamel junction, root size, and direction of the root curvature in the apical third. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Aug 20. Epub 2018 Aug 20.

Department of Endodontics, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Medical Corps, Tel Hashomer, Israel.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the coexisting factors for EIR and to characterise EIR clinically and demographically. All cases of EIR that were referred to the endodontic department between 2011 to 2016 and diagnosed by an endodontist were evaluated. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and evaluated. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Aug 16. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Endodontics, Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel.

External invasive resorption (EIR) is a type of external resorption that can involve the coronal, middle and apical parts of the root in its advanced stages and results in progressive loss of tooth structure. Common potential predisposing factors for EIR are orthodontic treatment and trauma. The EIR progression rate has not been described previously. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr 16;45(1):92-97. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

School of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of sodium and calcium hypochlorite utilising reciprocating instrumentation. Sixty root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis for 14 days. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr 16;45(1):98-105. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Taguatinga, Brazil.

The present study aimed to identify students' perceptions of endodontic treatment at a Brazilian university through a survey, which analysed student profiles and their difficulties in 2016. One hundred and two students who had experienced endodontic, laboratory or clinical procedures answered a survey based on their experiences, regarding their perceptions, experience and self-confidence levels. Results demonstrated that there was no significant difficulty among students regarding anaesthesia, rubber dam use, chamber access, working length determination, instrumentation, root filling and temporary restoration procedures during endodontic treatment. Read More

Aust Endod J 2018 Aug 16. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

UFR Odontologie, Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France.

Taurodontism is a rare embryologic anomaly of teeth, defined by an apical displacement of the furcation of roots and enlarged pulp chambers. Taurodontism has been classified as hypo-, meso- or hypertaurodontism according to the severity of the anomaly. The aim of this case report was to illustrate a clinical case with multiple bilateral taurodonts and to describe the endodontic management of the hypertaurodontic mandibular left second molar with a C-shaped canal and extensive dental pulp calcifications. Read More

Aust Endod J 2019 Apr 16;45(1):86-91. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Endodontic Division, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

This study compared the antibacterial effect of 2% clindamycin and 2% and 100% concentration of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) on an Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Dentinal tubules of 100 root specimens were infected and randomly assigned to five groups. A total of 1000 mg mL of TAP, 20 mg mL of TAP and clindamycin, calcium hydroxide or methylcellulose (control) were placed in the root canal for 1 week. Read More