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Environ Res 2022 Jun 28:113769. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Only a few studies have assessed the effects of fine particulate matter (PM) exposure during the prenatal and postnatal periods on the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We investigated the association of exposure to PM during pregnancy and early life with ADHD. This birth cohort consisted of 425,736 singleton live-term births between 2004-2015 in Taiwan. Read More

J Autism Dev Disord 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Child Life and Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more at risk for academic underachievement compared to their typically developing peers. Understanding their greatest strengths and challenges at school, and how these can be supported, is vital in order to develop focused classroom interventions. Ten primary school pupils with ADHD (aged 6-11 years) and their teachers (N = 6) took part in semi-structured interviews that focused on (1) ADHD knowledge, (2) the child's strengths and challenges at school, and (3) strategies in place to support challenges. Read More

Psychol Med 2022 Jul 1:1-8. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.

Background: Difficulty in cognitive adjustment after a conflict or error is a hallmark for many psychiatric disorders, yet the underlying neural correlates are not fully understood. We have previously shown that post-success and post-error cognitive controls are associated with distinct mechanisms particularly related to the prefrontal-cerebellar circuit, raising the possibility that altered dynamic interactions in this circuit may underlie mental illness.

Methods: This study included 136 patients with three diagnosed disorders [48 schizophrenia (SZ), 49 bipolar disorder (BD), 39 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)] and 89 healthy controls who completed a stop-signal task during fMRI scans. Read More

Turk J Pharm Sci 2022 Jun;19(3):251-266

Bengal School of Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, West Bengal, India.

Objectives: The focus of this study was to design and optimize methylphenidate hydrochloride mouth dissolving film (MDF) that can be beneficial in an acute condition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.

Materials And Methods: Solvent casting method was used for the preparation of this film. Optimization of the effect of independent variables such as the number of polymers and active pharmaceutical ingredients [hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) E5, HPMC E15, and maltodextrin], % of drug release, disintegration time, and tensile strength of the film done using simplex centroid design. Read More

Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2022 Jun 30:99228221106621. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Licensed behavioral health providers (LBHPs) were integrated into 5 pediatric primary care practices in southeast and east Texas from October 2018 through March 2020. LBHPs Licensed behavioral health providers across the sites were 3 licensed clinical social workers (LCSW), 1 psychologist, and 1 nurse practitioner (NP). Practices provided data for 6 to 15 months. Read More

J Pediatr Psychol 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Department of Psychology, Center for Children and Families, Florida International University, USA.

Objective: Infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are commonly transmitted by respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to be infected with COVID-19 and experience more hospitalizations than individuals without ADHD. The current study investigated the role of ADHD symptomatology and executive functioning (EF) in germ spreading behavior frequency among young children with and without ADHD and parenting responses to these behaviors. Read More

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022 Jun 30. Epub 2022 Jun 30.

Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy.

Aim: Working Memory (WM) deficit represents the most common cognitive impairment in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders, making the identification of its neural substrates a crucial step towards the conceptualization of restorative interventions. Here we present a meta-analysis focusing on neural activations associated with the most commonly used task to measure WM, the N-back task, in patients with Schizophrenia, Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Showing qualitative similarities and differences in WM processing between patients and healthy controls, we propose possible targets for cognitive enhancement approaches. Read More

Psychiatr Danub 2022 ;34(2):288-295

College of Music and Dance, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510000, China,

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) mainly manifests as learning difficulties, emotional impulsiveness, excessive activities, and attention deficit disorder. Given that it can influence social communication abilities, as well as physical and psychological health and viability, ADHD rehabilitation has attracted close attention. This study aims to discuss the influences of musicotherapy combined with cognitive behavioral intervention on the cognitive ability of children with ADHD and provide some references for ADHD rehabilitation. Read More

J Clin Psychiatry 2022 Jun 29;83(4). Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York.

Poor sexual health is a public health concern for college students and individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet limited information is available on the sexual health of college students with ADHD. Here, the sexual health of college students with and without ADHD was described and moderators of risk to sexual health were identified.

A secondary data analysis of the National College Health Assessment III (Fall 2019, Spring 2020, and Fall 2020 administrations) was conducted using a sample of sexually active undergraduate students (N = 36,236). Read More

Front Psychiatry 2022 13;13:902245. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

CHU Montpellier, Saint Eloi Hospital, Unit for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MPEA1), Montpellier, France.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a real disruption of children's lives. Children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents seem to be particularly vulnerable to adverse mental health effects due to lockdown policies. This study explores the psychological state of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and their parents during the first lockdown in France. Read More

J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2022 Jun 20;3(3):e12766. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Pediatric Emergency Department Children's Health Plano Texas USA.

Objectives: Focused research on pediatric agitation is lacking despite being a common mental and behavioral health (MBH) emergency. Prevalence of pediatric agitation remains unknown, and prior reports may have underestimated the rate of restraint use for pediatric agitation. This is the largest study to provide a focused evaluation of the prevalence and predictors of pediatric agitation and restraint use as well as the emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) and admission rates for agitated patients. Read More

Front Mol Neurosci 2022 13;15:901309. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Members of the family of metabotropic glutamate receptors are involved in the pathomechanism of several disorders of the nervous system. Besides the well-investigated function of dysfunctional glutamate receptor signaling in neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), like autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might also be partly caused by disturbed glutamate signaling during development. However, the underlying mechanism of the type III metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (mGluR8 or GRM8) involvement in neurodevelopment and disease mechanism is largely unknown. Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2022 Jun 29;12(1):264. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, 60528, Germany.

Recent GWAS allow us to calculate polygenic risk scores for ADHD. At the imaging level, resting-state fMRI analyses have given us valuable insights into changes in connectivity patterns in ADHD patients. However, no study has yet attempted to combine these two different levels of investigation. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2022 Jul 13;210(7):525-531. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Department of Psychiatry, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo.

Abstract: Adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have difficulty in social decision-making. The ultimatum game (UG) is a popular economic game used to evaluate social decision-making. This study aimed to examine the effects of schematically depicted eyes and ADHD symptoms on UG performance. Read More

Health Technol Assess 2022 Jun;26(29):1-140

Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Background: Carers report unmet need for occupational therapy services addressing sensory difficulties in autism, yet insufficient evidence exists to recommend a therapeutic approach.

Objectives: Our aim was to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of sensory integration therapy for children with autism and sensory difficulties across behavioural, functional and quality-of-life outcomes.

Design: We carried out a parallel-group randomised controlled trial, incorporating an internal pilot and a process evaluation. Read More

Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 2022 Jun 29:e1930. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

School of Medical Science, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.

Objective: (1) investigate the associations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse pressure (PP), physical fitness, and BMI; (2) explore whether cardiovascular risk factors and ADHD share genetic and environmental influences; (3) assess if pharmacological treatment for ADHD influences these associations.

Methods: We identified 395,978 individuals born between 1973 and 1991 who had military conscription examinations at a mean age of 18.3 years (SD = 0. Read More

Neurochem Res 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Pharmacology, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Edappally, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.

Periodontitis is a condition caused mostly by the creation of a biofilm by the bacterium P. gingivalis, which releases toxins and damages the tooth structure. Recent research studies have reported association between dental health and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Read More

J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Population Neuroscience and Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Background: Early detection is critical for easing the rising burden of psychiatric disorders. However, the specificity of psychopathological measurements and genetic predictors is unclear among youth.

Methods: We measured associations between genetic risk for psychopathology (polygenic risk scores (PRS) and family history (FH) measures) and a wide range of behavioral measures in a large sample (n = 5,204) of early adolescent participants (9-11 years) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study . Read More

Neuropsychobiology 2022 Jun 28:1-13. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly co-occur; both traits exert an influence on intelligence scores. Genetic relationships between these three traits are far from being clear.

Methods: The summary results of genome-wide association studies of ADHD (20,183 cases and 35,191 controls), ASD (18,381 cases and 27,969 controls), and intelligence (269,867 participants) were used for the analyses. Read More

CNS Spectr 2022 Jun 28:1-26. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022 Jun 27;16(1):54. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, 100191, China.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Many previous studies have shown that the comorbid status of disruptive behaviour disorders (DBD) was a predictor for ADHD persistence into adulthood. However, the brain mechanisms underlying such a relationship remain unclear. Read More

Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022 Jun 24:104752. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1 Canada. Electronic address:

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been associated with atypical patterns of neural activity measured by electroencephalography (EEG). However, the identification of EEG diagnostic biomarkers has been complicated by the disorder's heterogeneity. The objective of this review was to synthesize the literature investigating EEG variation in patients diagnosed with ADHD, addressing the following questions: 1) Are the diagnostic ADHD subtypes associated with different EEG characteristics? 2) Are EEG measures correlated with ADHD traits and/or symptom severity? and 3) Do classification techniques using EEG measures reveal different clinical presentations of ADHD? Outcomes highlight the potential for electrophysiological measures to provide meaningful insights into the heterogeneity of ADHD, although direct translation of EEG biomarkers for diagnostic purposes is not yet supported. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022 ;122(6):100-107

N. Bekhtereva Institute of Human Brain Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Objective: To study disorders of emotional regulation in different types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children.

Material And Methods: 58 children suffering from ADHD, aged 12 to 15 years were divided into 2 subgroups (38 children with a combined form of ADHD and 20 children with ADHD with a predominance of inattention). The control group consisted of 30 children without manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders. Read More

QJM 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Genetic factors link psychiatric disorders, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Additionally, maternal SLE is a risk factor for long-term developmental problems, particularly learning disabilities, attention disorders, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and speech disorders, in children.

Aim: We aimed to determine whether first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with SLE have increased risks of SLE and major psychiatric disorders. Read More

J Atten Disord 2022 Jun 25:10870547221105063. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a known risk factor for substance-related problems (SRP) during adolescence, but the nature of this relationship and the importance of co-occurring conduct problems are not fully understood.

Methods: Data stem from a linked dataset between a large population-based survey conducted in 2012 of Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19, and registry-based data from specialized child and adolescent mental health services ( = 9,411).

Results: Adolescents with "ADHD + high conduct problems" had increased risk of SRP (odds ratios = 2. Read More

Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol 2021 Nov 24;8:100087. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Background: Previous research indicating that women with differences of sexual development (DSD), namely women with Turner syndrome (TS), women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), and women with XY-DSD, have an impaired psychosocial and sexual well-being and quality of life (QOL), was often limited by small samples and inadequate control groups (CGs). Only few studies analysed which psychosocial and sexual factors influence QOL in women with DSD and no study so far has examined whether the DSD-condition itself and the diagnostic group to which they belong moderate this influence.

Methods: We compared 301 women with TS, 221 women with CAH and 142 women with XY-DSD with 603 non-DSD women regarding depression, anxiety, self-esteem, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, social participation, body acceptance, relationship status, sexual satisfaction and QOL. Read More

Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2022 Jun 31;4(2):100183. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.

Objective: To explore patterns of postconcussion care at a level 1 trauma center.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: U. Read More

Mol Genet Metab Rep 2022 Sep 18;32:100886. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Children's National Rare Disease Institute, Washington, DC, United States of America.

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disease resulting in impaired or absent breakdown of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) valine, isoleucine, and leucine. Classic MSUD often presents in post-natal periods, at times before newborn screening results, and is treated with a protein restricted diet supplemented with medical food and close follow up to prevent toxic buildup of blood leucine. Acute episodes of decompensation are prevented by early recognition and treatment. Read More

Front Hum Neurosci 2022 9;16:859538. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Brain Dynamics Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Neuroimaging studies have revealed neurobiological differences in ADHD, particularly studies examining connectivity disruption and anatomical network organization. However, the underlying pathophysiology of ADHD types remains elusive as it is unclear whether dysfunctional network connections characterize the underlying clinical symptoms distinguishing ADHD types. Here, we investigated intrinsic functional network connectivity to identify neural signatures that differentiate the combined (ADHD-C) and inattentive (ADHD-I) presentation types. Read More

J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Pediatrics, Dr. D Y Patil Medical College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Purpose: Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of particular facies, congenital malformations, intellectual developmental disorder, behavioral issues, and speech and language impairment. Thorough neuropsychological assessments in the case of CSS have been reported infrequently, and its subdomains are poorly defined. A detailed description of the clinical, neurocognitive, behavioral, socio-adaptive sequelae of the patient with CSS is provided. Read More