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Materials (Basel) 2022 Apr 21;15(9). Epub 2022 Apr 21.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.

Vacuum induction melting gas atomization (VIGA) has evolved as an important production technique of superalloy powders used in additive manufacturing. However, the development of powder preparation techniques is limited because the crushing process of gas-atomized metal melt is difficult to characterize by conventional experimental methods. Herein, we report the application of computational fluid dynamics to simulate the breaking behavior of droplets in the process of preparing nickel-based superalloy powders by VIGA, as well as the results on the effect of gas pressure on the atomization process and powder particle size distribution of metal melt. Read More

ACS Macro Lett 2014 Feb 5;3(2):205-210. Epub 2014 Feb 5.

Department of Automotive Engineering, Hoseo University, Asan 336-795, Republic of Korea.

We report the development of Ag nanodendrites where ultrafine Pd particles served as seeds for the subsequent deposition of Ag on their surfaces. By applying chitosan as both a reductant and a stabilizer, chitosan-conjugated Ag dendritic nanopowders were continuously synthesized using a serial system consisting of a spark discharge, an ultrasound-assisted polyol cell, and a collison atomizer with a heated tubular reactor. The resulting materials were then employed to kill cancerous cells photothermally. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Apr 28;19(9). Epub 2022 Apr 28.

School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), 3455 S. W. US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.

Shinrin-yoku, forest bathing, may provide relief from chronic and breakthrough pain in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and improve immune function through increasing NK cell numbers and activity and their downstream effectors, perforin and granulysin, after chemo- or radiation therapy in breast and prostate cancer patients. The aim of this paper is to describe the study protocol for a simulated forest immersion therapy using virtual reality and atomized phytoncides, volatile organic compounds found in forested areas designed to effect positive change for these two patient populations. The setting, including the room set up and samples with inclusion/exclusion specific to this type of intervention, is outlined. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 13;12(1):7930. Epub 2022 May 13.

School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.

This paper demonstrates that surface acoustic wave (SAW) atomization can produce suitable aerosol concentration and size distribution for efficient inhaled lung drug delivery and is a potential atomization device for asthma treatment. Using the SAW device, we present comprehensive experimental results exploring the complexity of the acoustic atomization process and the influence of input power, device frequency, and liquid flow rate on aerosol size distribution. It is hoped that these studies will explain the mechanism of SAW atomization aerosol generation and how they can be controlled. Read More

Anal Chem 2022 May 12. Epub 2022 May 12.

Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.

A compact tandem excitation source-in-source was designed by arranging a point discharge (PD) ignited in argon/hydrogen (Ar/H) flame and utilized for boosted excitation for the optical emission of chromium. Through a tungsten coil (W-coil) electrothermal vaporizer (ETV) located right under the tandem source without any interface for sample introduction, a miniaturized optical emission spectrometer was realized. Because the discharge gaseous atmosphere of PD was activated in the flame, the energy consumption of PD for breaking down discharge gas and maintenance of plasma was greatly saved. Read More

Theranostics 2022 11;12(7):3407-3419. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.

Development of novel nanomedicines to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for anti-inflammatory therapy of acute lung injury (ALI) remains challenging. Here, we present a new nanomedicine platform based on tyramine-bearing two dimethylphosphonate sodium salt (TBP)-modified amphiphilic phosphorus dendron (C11G3) nanomicelles encapsulated with antioxidant drug curcumin (Cur). C11G3-TBP dendrons were synthesized divergent synthesis and self-assembled to generate nanomicelles in a water environment to load hydrophobic drug Cur. Read More

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022 Mar;47(3):396-400

Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008.

Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. More than 100 cases have been reported worldwide, but few cases have been reported in China. In December 2018, a boy with brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, aged 3 years and 10 months, was admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University due to repeated cough for more than 3 years. Read More

Nurs Crit Care 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Nursing Department, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Generally, pulmonary artery sling operation involves the pulmonary artery transplantation to be cut off. Nursing care is focused on the postoperative pulmonary vascular anastomosis, respiratory tract, and blood pressure after surgery. We report the case of an infant who underwent pulmonary artery tracheal transposition combined with Slide keratoplasty, where the pulmonary artery transplantation was not cut off. Read More

J Environ Manage 2022 May 6;316:115068. Epub 2022 May 6.

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Aškerčeva 6, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

To support the ongoing energy transition and minimize the environmental footprint of combustion related technologies, the paper presents a novel approach for combustion control in gas turbines and burners. It relies on spatially targeted injection of inert components in the spray core where existent concepts fail to deliver the desired dilution rate and are unable to fully govern the spatial distribution of heat release rates. Combustion process control is thus possible by actively adjusting the composition and mass flow of spatially selective introduction of inert species in the spray, optionally combined with classic, external exhaust gas recirculation, leading to an ultimate fuel-flexible concept which is capable of adjustments to heterogeneous fuels, their reactivity and physical properties. Read More

Int J Pharm 2022 May 4;621:121798. Epub 2022 May 4.

SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Electronic address:

Poor bioavailability and aqueous solubility represent a major constraint during the development of new API molecules and can influence the impact of new medicines or halt their approval to the market. Cocrystals offer a novel and competitive advantage over other conventional methods with respect towards the substantial improvement in solubility profiles relative to the single-API crystals. Furthermore, the production of such cocrystals through atomization-based methods allow for greater control, with respect to particle size reduction, to further increase the solubility of the API. Read More

Ultrason Sonochem 2022 Apr 28;86:106019. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

School of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Japan. Electronic address:

In recent years, individual control of one's personal environment has been drawing increasing attention due to the growing interest in health care. Wearable devices are especially useful because of their controllability regardless of location. Humidity is one of the inevitable factors in the personal environment as a preventive against infectious diseases. Read More

RSC Adv 2021 Sep 6;11(47):29690-29701. Epub 2021 Sep 6.

Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University Yibin Sichuan 644000 People's Republic of China

Thermodynamic properties, , bond dissociation energies and enthalpy of formation, of chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons play a fundamental role in understanding their formation mechanisms and reactivity. Computational electronic structure calculations routinely used to predict thermodynamic properties of various species are limited for these compounds due to large computational cost to obtain accurate results by employing high-level wave function theory methods. In this work, a number of composite model chemistry methods (CBS-QB3, G3MP2, G3, and G4) are used to compute bond dissociation energies and enthalpies of formation of small to medium-size chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. Read More

Micromachines (Basel) 2022 Mar 27;13(4). Epub 2022 Mar 27.

China North Engine Research Institute (Tianjin), Tianjin 300400, China.

In order to develop a new generation of intelligent satellites, fast-response bipropellant thrusters are required to work in minimum impulse mode without limitation. When a valve is opening, the fluctuation affects downstream spray atomization at the injector, which determines the thruster's impulse performance, involving combustion efficiency and impulse repeatability. Accordingly, the spray atomization under impulse working condition was investigated to optimize the thruster's dynamic response. Read More

Entropy (Basel) 2022 Apr 12;24(4). Epub 2022 Apr 12.

College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China.

FeCoCrNi and FeCoNiCrMo high-entropy alloy powders were prepared by gas atomization. Two kinds of coatings were prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel by laser cladding technology. The effect of Mo element on the microstructure of laser cladding FeCoCrNi coating and its corrosion behavior in 3. Read More

Entropy (Basel) 2022 Mar 23;24(4). Epub 2022 Mar 23.

State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Development and Protection, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.

Stilling basin with a negative step is an important structure in hydraulic systems, because it can avoid atomization and decrease scouring problems. Although stilling basins with a negative step have attracted much attention from researchers, few researchers have focused on the wave characteristics. In this research, an experimental study on the wave characteristics of stilling basins with a negative step was carried out. Read More

J Phys Chem B 2022 Apr 19;126(16):3180-3185. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Merced, California 95343, United States.

Studying chemical processes at the air-water interface is always challenging. A recent report claimed that HO was formed spontaneously on the surface of condensed water microdroplets. However, a newer report concluded that the detected HO in the previous report could originate in part from the water vapor source that involved ultrasonic atomization of liquid water. Read More

J Chem Theory Comput 2022 May 18;18(5):2875-2884. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

National Institute of Supercomputing and Networking, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.

For fast density functional calculations, a suitable basis that can accurately represent the orbitals within a reasonable number of dimensions is essential. Here, we propose a new type of basis constructed from Tucker decomposition of a finite-difference (FD) Hamiltonian matrix, which is intended to reflect the system information implied in the Hamiltonian matrix and satisfies orthonormality and separability conditions. By introducing the system-specific separable basis, the computation time for FD density functional calculations for seven two- and three-dimensional periodic systems was reduced by a factor of 2-71 times, while the errors in both the atomization energy per atom and the band gap were limited to less than 0. Read More

J Supercrit Fluids 2022 Jul 9;186:105604. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.

The 2019 coronavirus outbreak caused a global health emergency. Some therapeutic strategies for this pathology focus on natural compounds, such as flavonoids, because of their antimicrobial and antiviral properties. However, the therapeutic efficacy of these active compounds is limited by their low bioavailability. Read More

Ultrason Sonochem 2022 Apr 1;86:105997. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Doshisha Univ., Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan. Electronic address:

Ultrasonic atomization induced by high driving frequency, generally on the order of 1 MHz or higher, could involve a liquid fountain in the form of a corrugated jet, or a chain of "beads" of submillimeter diameter in contact. This study concerns dynamics/instability of such beads fountain, observed under lower input power density (≤ 6 W/cm) of the "flat" ultrasound transducer with a "regulating" nozzle equipped, exhibiting time-varying characteristics with certain periodicity. High-speed, high-resolution images are processed for quantitative elucidation: frequency analysis (fast Fourier transform) and time-frequency analysis (discrete wavelet transform) are employed, respectively, to evaluate dominant frequencies of beads-surface oscillations and to reveal factor(s) triggering mist emergence. Read More

Soft Matter 2022 May 4;18(17):3291-3303. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, USA.

Understanding the kinematics and dynamics of spreading, pinching, and coalescence of drops is critically important for a diverse range of applications involving spraying, printing, coating, dispensing, emulsification, and atomization. Hence experimental studies visualize and characterize the increase in size over time for drops spreading over substrates, or liquid bridges between coalescing drops, or the decrease in the radius of pinching necks during drop formation. Even for Newtonian fluids, the interplay of inertial, viscous, and capillary stresses can lead to a number of scaling laws, with three limiting self-similar cases: visco-inertial (VI), visco-capillary (VC) and inertio-capillary (IC). Read More

Anal Chem 2022 04 12;94(16):6120-6129. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.

Because of the low atomization and/or ionization efficiencies of many biological macromolecules, the application of mass spectrometry to the direct quantitative detection of low-abundance proteins and nucleic acids remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report mass spectrum tags (MS-tags) based upon gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-templated phosphatidylcholine phospholipid (DSPC) liposomes, which exhibit high and reliable signals via electrospray ionization (ESI). Using these MS-tags, we constructed a liposome signal amplification-based mass spectrometric (LSAMS) "digital" counting assay to enable ultrasensitive detection of target nucleic acids. Read More

Molecules 2022 Apr 6;27(7). Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Fire & Explosion Protection Laboratory, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.

Constructing ingenious microstructures, such as core-shell, laminate, microcapsule and porous microstructures, is an efficient strategy for tuning the combustion behaviors and thermal stability of energetic materials (EMs). Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), which includes electrospray and electrospinning, is a facile and versatile technique that can be used to process bulk materials into particles, fibers, films and three-dimensional (3D) structures with nanoscale feature sizes. However, the application of EHDA in preparing EMs is still in its initial development. Read More

Materials (Basel) 2022 Apr 4;15(7). Epub 2022 Apr 4.

Chair of Hybrid Additive Manufacturing, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.

Powder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam system (PBF-LB/M) of highly complex and filigree parts made of tool steels is becoming more important for many industrial applications and scientific investigations. To achieve high density and sufficient chemical homogeneity, pre-alloyed gas-atomized spherical powder feedstock is used. For high-performance materials such as tool steels, the number of commercially available starting powders is limited due to the susceptibility to crack formation in carbon-bearing steels. Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University.

Recently, a mucosal atomization device (MAD) has been applied in veterinary medicine. In the present study, the maximum volume of nasal atomization without aspiration using MAD was examined in eight healthy female Japanese White (JW) rabbits. Each rabbit had their head and neck examined by computed tomography before and after nasal atomization with four different doses (0. Read More

Ultrason Sonochem 2022 Mar 17;86:105984. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Electronic address:

Liquid atomization as a fluid disintegration method has been used in many industrial applications such as spray drying, coating, incineration, preparation of emulsions, medical devices, etc. The usage of ultrasonic energy for atomizing liquid is gaining interest as a green and energy-efficient alternative to traditional mechanical atomizers. In the past two decades, efforts have been made to explore new applications of ultrasonic misting for downstream separation of chemicals, e. Read More

J Chem Phys 2022 Mar;156(12):124103

Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.

An accurate description of the electron correlation energy in closed- and open-shell molecules is shown to be obtained by a second-order perturbation theory (PT) termed REMP. REMP is a hybrid of the Retaining the Excitation degree (RE) and the Møller-Plesset (MP) PTs. It performs particularly encouragingly in an orbital-optimized variant (OO-REMP) where the reference wavefunction is given by an unrestricted Slater determinant whose spin orbitals are varied such that the total energy becomes a minimum. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 03 10;19(6). Epub 2022 Mar 10.

EVS-ISTHME UMR 5600, CNRS, University Jean Monnet of Saint-Etienne, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France.

The increase in legionellosis incidence in the general population in recent years calls for a better characterization of the sources of infection, such as showering. Water-efficient shower systems that use water-atomizing technology have been shown to emit slightly more inhalable particles in the range of bacterial sizes than the traditional systems; however, the actual rate of bacterial emission remains poorly documented. The aim of this study was to assess the aerosolisation rate of the opportunistic water pathogen during showering with one shower system representative of each technology. Read More

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022 Mar 29:1-9. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, P.R. China.

Objective: Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, lacking effective therapeutic approaches. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is an anti-inflammatory drug for treating chronic inflammation. However, it is still ambiguous whether MgIG can function in allergy induced asthma. Read More

ACS Omega 2022 Mar 4;7(10):8864-8873. Epub 2022 Mar 4.

School of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, U.K.

To reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions from vehicles powered by gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, increasing the fuel injection pressure has been one promising approach. However, a comparison of macroscopic characteristics between gasoline and ethanol from a GDI injector under an ultrahigh injection pressure of more than 50 MPa has not been reported. The experimental study presented in this paper can provide some new and valuable information about comparing and analyzing the macroscopic characteristics of gasoline and ethanol spray from a GDI injector in both front and side views under injection pressures of 10 and 60 MPa. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2022 Jan;34(1):80-84

Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui, China. Corresponding author: Chen Xin, Email:

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) combined with inhalation of pulmonary surfactant (PS) using vibrating mesh nebulizers in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: A prospective study was performed on premature infants with RDS admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between December 2020 and June 2021. They were randomly assigned into vibrating mesh atomization technology group and intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) technology group. Read More