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Res Q Exerc Sport 2020 Jul 7:1-8. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Massey University.

: The active and passive structures of the foot act in unison to not only be compliant enough to assist in ground reaction force attenuation but also resist deformation to provide a stable base of support. A foot that is unable to adjust to the imposed demands during high-intensity sporting activities may alter the moments and forces acting on the joints, increasing the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament ruptures (ACLR) and lateral ankle sprains (LAS). Prophylactic strengthening programs are often used to reduce the risk of these injuries, but at present, very few prophylactic programs include foot-specific strengthening strategies. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Jul 4:1-8. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University , Melbourne, Australia.

Impact loading plays a key role in the pathophysiology of running-related injuries. Providing real-time feedback may be an effective strategy to reduce impact loading; however, it is currently unclear what an effective training method to help runners achieve a habitual low loading rate is. We subjected 20 healthy non-runners to a structured sequence of direct and indirect biofeedback designed to facilitate broader exploration of neuro-mechanical workspace for potential movement solutions (indirect feedback on cadence and foot-strike angle) and to refine and converge upon an optimal sub-set of that space to match the task goal (direct feedback on loading rate). Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Jul 1:1-7. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, MA, USA.

The lateral tilt of the arms accompanied by trunk lateral tilt is a typical blocking manoeuvre in volleyball. However, during this unanticipated blocking movement, an associated risk of ACL injury may result. The aim of the present study was to compare associative ACL risk factors at the initial contact and the first and second peak of VGRF during an unanticipated blocking movement with different arm positions. Read More

Gait Posture 2020 Jun 13;80:285-291. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Understanding lower limb kinematics and postural control in different directions of single-leg landings is critical to evaluate postural control and prevent lower limb injuries. However, foot and ankle kinematics and postural control during single-leg landings in different directions are less known.

Research Question: Does the difference in the direction of single-leg landing affect the foot kinematics on the frontal plane and dynamic postural stability?

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Read More

BMJ Open 2020 Jun 21;10(6):e036775. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands.

Objectives: To determine (1) the prevalence of ankle osteoarthritis (OA) among former professional football and rugby players, (2) assess the association between ankle injuries or ankle surgeries with ankle OA, and (3) compare the mental and physical quality of life (QoL) between former professional football and rugby players with and without OA.

Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based observational study with a cross-sectional design. Former professional football and rugby players were recruited by the Football Players Worldwide and the International Rugby Players. Read More

J Sci Med Sport 2020 May 17. Epub 2020 May 17.

Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Engineering, USA.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate if and to what extent small lateral wedges inserted under the ski boot, known as canting, could impact knee kinematics/kinetics, balance, and neuromuscular activity in recreational alpine skiers in the laboratory setting.

Design: Experimental, crossover study with repeated-measures analysis METHODS: Thirty-eight recreational skiers completed a single-leg postural balance test while wearing standardized ski boots in their unmodified state (control), and with medial and lateral canting wedges applied. Kinematics, kinetics, postural control measures, and neuromuscular activity of the lower extremity were assessed using optical motion capture, instrumented force plates, and electromyography. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020 Jun 9. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Laboratory of Arthroscopic and Surgical Anatomy. Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics (Human Anatomy Unit), University of Barcelona, Via Augusta, 281, 08023, Barcelona, Spain.

Purpose: ATFL's superior fascicle injury has been considered to be the underlying cause in cases of ankle microinstability. As its clinical diagnosis can be difficult, arthroscopic examination may be the only objective diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study was to determine what types of injuries to the ATFL's superior fascicle are associated with ankle microinstability, and to provide the reader with an arthroscopic classification of the types of microinstability affecting the ankle. Read More

Orthop Clin North Am 2020 Jul;51(3):391-402

Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive, Suite 400, Vail, CO 81657, USA.

Achilles tendon rupture is an increasingly common problem with an aging population participating in high-level physical activities. Appropriate treatment has been debated for decades, but good outcomes have been reported after conservative and surgical management. The development of minimally invasive surgical techniques for Achilles repair has reduced the incidence of complications and maintained the high level of function reported after open surgery. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2020 Jun 2:363546520922547. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Bellin Health Titletown Sports Medicine and Orthopedics, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA.

Background: Lower extremity injuries are the most common injuries in professional sports and carry a high burden to players and teams in the National Football League (NFL). Injury prevention strategies can be refined by a foundational understanding of the occurrence and effect of these injuries on NFL players.

Purpose: To determine the incidence of specific lower extremity injuries sustained by NFL players across 4 NFL seasons. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2020 May 28:1938640020921251. Epub 2020 May 28.

Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (MHPS, MSG).

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether certain intrinsic factors (foot hyperpronation, generalized joint laxity) and clinical tests (anterior drawer and talar tilt tests, single-leg balance test and star excursion balance test, ankle and first metatarsophalangeal range of motion) could predict the incidence of lateral ankle sprains among elite football and basketball players during a full year. In a prospective cohort study, 106 elite basketball and football players were recruited. During the preseason period, players underwent baseline measurements. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2020 May 26:1071100720920863. Epub 2020 May 26.

Human Anatomy Unit, Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Lateral release (LR) for the treatment of hallux valgus is a routinely performed technique, either by means of open or minimally invasive (MI) surgery. Despite this, there is no available evidence of the efficacy and safety of MI lateral release. Our aim was to study 2 popular techniques for MI LR in cadavers by subsequently dissecting the released anatomical structures. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2020 May;66(2):124-132

. School of Health Jean Piaget Algarve - Piaget Institute, Algarv, Enxerim - 8300-025 - Silves, Portugal.

Objective: Taekwondo is a martial art that emphasizes blows using the feet and fists, and it is characterized by direct and continuous body contact, which subjects their practitioners to a higher number of injuries. This study aimed to determine the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in Portuguese taekwondo athletes and analyze its associated factors.

Methods: The sample included 341 taekwondo athletes, aged between 4 and 62 years (18. Read More

Gait Posture 2020 Jun 5;79:189-194. Epub 2020 May 5.

Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9, Katahira, Nagakute, 480-1197, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Excessive rearfoot eversion motion during walking has been considered as a risk factor for lower limb chronic injuries. External moment due to ground reaction force (GRF) is the essential cause by which the rearfoot is passively everted during walking.

Research Question: This study aims to identify the key factors influencing the rearfoot external eversion moments due to the GRF during walking. Read More

Radiographics 2020 Jul-Aug;40(4):1107-1124. Epub 2020 May 15.

From the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, 119074 Singapore (J.T.P.D.H.); Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (J.T.P.D.H.); Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, Calif (S.M.S., G.M.B., C.B.C.); Department of Radiology, San Diego Medical Center, University of California, San Diego, Calif (B.K.H., C.B.C.); Department of Radiology, Hospital do Coração (HCor) and Teleimagem, São Paulo, Brazil (H.G.B.); and Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (UNIFESP) and Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (D.A.L.G.).

The first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is vital to the biomechanics of the foot and supports a weight up to eight times heavier than the body during athletic activities. The first MTPJ comprises osseous and cartilaginous surfaces along with a complex of supporting structures, including the dorsal extensor tendons, collateral ligaments, and a plantar plate complex. In contradistinction to the lesser MTPJ plantar plates, a single dominant fibrocartilaginous capsular thickening does not exist at the first MTPJ. Read More

Gait Posture 2020 Jun 1;79:139-144. Epub 2020 May 1.

Bioengineering and Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Av. Esperança s/n, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, 74690-900, Brazil.

Background: Recently, the use of treadmills for walking and running has increased due to lifestyle changes. However, biomechanical differences in coordination between running on a treadmill or overground have not been adequately addressed.

Research Question: The purpose of this study was to compare coordination and its variability in lower limb segments during treadmill and overground running at different speeds. Read More

World J Orthop 2020 Apr 18;11(4):243-251. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xpert Clinic, Amsterdam 1103 TB, the Netherlands.

Background: Kitesurfing is an increasingly popular and potentially dangerous extreme water sport. We hypothesized that kitesurfing has a higher injury rate than other (contact) sports and that the minority of injuries are severe.

Aim: To investigate the incidence and epidemiology of kitesurfing injuries in a Dutch cohort during a complete kitesurfing season. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2020 May 26;54(3):348-351. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

5Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.

A novel technique of cultivating autologous blood with gold particles; then separating the gold particles and cells from the serum and injecting the conditioned serum into affected plantar fascia. A first-time report of the safety and efficacy in treatment of recalcitrant plantar fasciosis in an Olympic equestrian. A single patient with clinical signs, symptoms and ultrasound evidence of plantar fasciosis was treated with four intra-ligamentous GOLDIC injection therapy. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2020 May 31;54(3):246-255. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Department of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine, Centre for Sports Science, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), No. 1, Ramachandra Nagar, Porur, Chennai, 600116 India.

Background: Rowing is an Olympic sport gaining popularity in India and injuries are common in these athletes. Determinants of performance, injury risk and training are all interrelated in rowing. Injuries result from various risk factors including fitness issues and improper techniques. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 May 2:1-8. Epub 2020 May 2.

Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Chronic foot and ankle injuries are common in dancers; understanding how lower extremity loading changes in response to altered task goals can be beneficial for rehabilitation and injury prevention strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanical demands during jump take-offs when the task goal was modified to focus on either increasing jump distance or increasing jump height. It was hypothesized that a jump strategy focused on height would result in decreased energetic demands on the foot and ankle joints. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 May - Jun;59(3):598-602

Physician, Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

Ankle fractures are common injuries. If an ankle fracture is combined with tibiofibular syndesmosis separation, then tibiofibular transfixation should be used to stabilize the syndesmosis; in such cases, flexible (suture-button) fixation is an option. We surgically treated a male patient's unstable ankle fracture with internal fixation devices, including a suture-button fixator, and observed the development of a flexor hallucis longus checkrein deformity in the postoperative period. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 May - Jun;59(3):479-483

Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.

Current nationwide epidemiological data regarding ankle fractures are scarce. Such information is important towards better quantifying the mortality associated with such injuries, financial impact, as well as the implementation of preventative measures. This study evaluated the epidemiology of ankle fractures that occurred during a 5-year period. Read More

PeerJ 2020 21;8:e8998. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.

The medial longitudinal arch is considered as an essential feature which distinguishes humans from other primates. The longitudinal arch plays a supporting and buffering role in human daily physical activities. However, bad movement patterns could lead to deformation of arch morphology, resulting in foot injuries. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 Jul - Aug;59(4):795-800. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA. Electronic address:

Running is one of the most popular sports worldwide, with many health benefits. Injuries are also common, with running-related injuries reported in up to 79% of runners annually. Extracorporeal shockwave treatment can be used to treat soft tissue conditions, with the strongest level of evidence for management of plantar fasciitis. Read More

J Sci Med Sport 2020 Apr 8. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, USA.

Objectives: The purpose of this analysis was to describe and compare the incidence and pattern of musculoskeletal injuries in women and men during the United States Marine Corps Ground Combat Element Integrated Task Force work-up and assessment phases in sex-integrated units.

Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.

Methods: Certified athletic trainers and Navy corpsmen reported injury data for 302 Marines (women: 27. Read More

Sports Biomech 2020 Apr 22:1-11. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.

Running-induced fatigue alters foot strike pattern. The purpose of this study was to assess plantar pressure and centre of pressure (CoP) trajectory alterations after a 30-minute run at sub-maximal speed in experienced long-distance runners. Plantar pressure data from 9 experienced heel-to-toe male runners was collected before and after a 30-minute run on a treadmill at a speed 5% above the respiratory compensation point (RCP) of each participant. Read More

PLoS One 2020 22;15(4):e0232012. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University/Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia.

Background: Little is known about differences in the size and morphology of the right and left human tali. The present study demonstrates differences between right and left talar morphometric geometric profiles as fluctuating asymmetry in matched pairs of cadaveric specimens.

Methods: In total, 24 tali were collected in this study. Read More

J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2020 Apr 7. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Division of Orthopedic Rheumatology, Department of Orthopedic, Surgery Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: Alterations in plantar loading patterns are risk factors for stress injuries of the lower limb, particularly of the foot and ankle. Epidemiological studies have revealed a higher incidence of soccer-related stress fractures of the fifth metatarsal (MT V) in younger athletes than in their adult counterparts.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the plantar pressure distributions of members of four high-level soccer teams of different age groups to identify age-related differences in loading patterns. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 Jul - Aug;59(4):792-794. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Surgeon, Sydney Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Research Institute, North Sydney Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Centre, Wollstonecraft, Australia.

Osteochondral lesions (OCLs) are a diverse group of articular cartilage lesions with or without a subchondral component. They often result from ankle injuries in the young population. Lateral talar dome lesions are encountered more frequently in trauma. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2020 Apr 16:363546520910138. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Orlando Health Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Background: Elbow injuries are exceedingly common in baseball players. Previous studies have identified that upper extremity strength and range of motion deficits pose a risk for these injuries, but few studies have examined the effect of lower extremity deficits. Given the role of the lower extremity in the kinetic chain of the baseball throwing motion, lower body deficits may affect the kinematics of the upper extremity and play a role in the elbow injury of baseball players. Read More

Niger Postgrad Med J 2020 Apr-Jun;27(2):87-92

Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is one of the most frequently reported ankle and foot overuse injuries. Prior studies have reported altered biomechanical variables of the lower limb as risk factors for the prevalence and severity of AT in athletes, especially in Caucasians, but there are few reports on African elite athletes. Because it is established that anthropometric and biomechanical values vary with racial disposition, this study was designed to investigate the association between selected physical and biomechanical variables of the lower limb and the prevalence and severity of AT in Nigerian elite track and field athletes. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020 Apr 3. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.

Purpose: Patients with primarily ligamentous injuries of the distal tibiofibular joint comprise up to 12% of all ankle sprains. Patients frequently present late after a syndesmosis injury and delayed treatment potentially leads to pain, prolonged disability and arthritis in the long term. This study aimed to assess clinical outcomes in patients who required syndesmosis fixation in the presence of arthroscopically proven instability, the hypothesis being that a delay to treatment would be associated with worse function. Read More

Radiographics 2020 May-Jun;40(3):754-774. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

From the Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642.

Distinct biologic and mechanical attributes of the pediatric skeleton translate into fracture patterns, complications, and treatment dilemmas that differ from those of adults. In children, increasing participation in competitive sports activities has led to an increased incidence of acute injuries that affect the foot and ankle. These injuries represent approximately 13% of all pediatric osseous injuries. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2020 Mar 26. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Objectives: To test (i) if greater foot pronation (measured as midfoot width mobility) is associated with better outcomes with foot orthoses treatment, compared with hip exercises and (ii) if hip exercises are superior to foot orthoses, irrespective of midfoot width mobility.

Methods: A two-arm parallel, randomised superiority clinical trial was conducted in Australia and Denmark. Participants (18-40 years) were included who reported an insidious onset of knee pain (≥6 weeks duration); ≥3/10 numerical pain rating, that was aggravated by activities (eg, stairs, squatting, running). Read More

Clin Anat 2020 Mar 20. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Laboratory of Human Evolutionary Biomechanics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: The shape of the talus determines the positional and kinematic features of the subtalar, talonavicular, and talocrural joints during walking. Thus, detailed knowledge of the pattern of sexual dimorphism of the human talus may be useful for revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of foot and knee disorders, which are more prevalent in females. The aim of this study was to characterize and visualize the three-dimensional shape variations of the talus in relation to sex and age using geometric morphometrics. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Mar;99(11):e19436

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University.

In syndesmosis injury, whether the syndesmosis screw should be removed prior to weight-bearing remains controversial. The aim of this study was to compare the functional outcome between removed screw and retained groups and between recurrence of diastasis and no diastasis groups.Fifty-six patients who had undergone open reduction and internal fixation due to syndesmosis injury were retrospectively evaluated and divided into four groups: (A) removed syndesmotic screw before weight-bearing (postoperative 3 months, n = 28), (B)retained (n = 28), (C) recurrence of diastasis (n = 9), and (D) no diastasis (n = 47). Read More

Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2020 May 11;61(3):336-345. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois.

Foot pain is a common presenting complaint in Warmblood horses. The aim of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to determine the spectrum of foot lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Warmblood horses used for dressage, jumping, and eventing. The medical records of 550 Warmblood horses with foot pain that were scanned using standing MRI were reviewed and the following data were recorded: signalment, occupation, lameness, diagnostic analgesia, imaging results, treatments, and follow-up assessments. Read More

BMJ Mil Health 2020 Mar 5. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Master Evidence Based Practice in Health Care, Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam UMC - Location AMC, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) are among the main causes of dropout from military training. The main purpose of this study was to provide an overview of dropout rates and MSI incidence rates during elite military training. Second, this study aimed to explore restricted training days due to MSIs and to describe MSI-care by military physicians. Read More

J Sports Sci Med 2020 Mar 24;19(1):20-37. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Although the role of shoe constructions on running injury and performance has been widely investigated, systematic reviews on the shoe construction effects on running biomechanics were rarely reported. Therefore, this review focuses on the relevant research studies examining the biomechanical effect of running shoe constructions on reducing running-related injury and optimising performance. Searches of five databases and Footwear Science from January 1994 to September 2018 for related biomechanical studies which investigated running footwear constructions yielded a total of 1260 articles. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020 02 26;8(2):e16403. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department for Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany.

Background: Ankle sprains are one of the most frequent sports injuries. With respect to the high prevalence of ankle ligament injuries and patients' young age, optimizing treatment and rehabilitation is mandatory to prevent future complications such as chronic ankle instability or osteoarthritis.

Objective: In modern times, an increasing amount of smartphone usage in patient care is evident. Read More

Eur J Sport Sci 2020 Mar 18:1-9. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Gait & Motion Analysis Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Running-related injuries among trail runners are very common and footwear selection may modulate the injury risk. However, most previous studies were conducted in a laboratory environment. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two contrasting footwear designs, minimalist (MIN) and maximalist shoes (MAX), on the running biomechanics of trail runners during running on a natural trail. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2020 Feb 18;8(2):2325967119900962. Epub 2020 Feb 18.

Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Background: The prevalence and impact of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in adolescent athletes are unknown. To better develop and justify prevention strategies of lateral ankle sprains and CAI, it is important to understand the origin and associated long-term impact of CAI within populations other than adults.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and impact of CAI on ankle function, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and physical activity in adolescent athletes. Read More

J Strength Cond Res 2020 Feb 13. Epub 2020 Feb 13.

School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.

Ó Catháin, CP, Richter, C, and Moran, K. Can directed compliant running reduce the magnitude of variables associated with the development of running injuries? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-Running is one of the most popular modes of activity worldwide and provides numerous health benefits. However, impact forces associated with the foot contacting the ground have been implicated in the development of running related injuries. Read More

Prim Care 2020 Mar 17;47(1):133-145. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA; Department of Family Medicine, Prisma Health, 877 West Faris Road, Greenville, SC 29605, USA.

Foot and ankle injuries account for a significant volume of primary care office visits each year. Given the incidence of injury and concern for long-term sequelae, it is imperative that primary care physicians familiarize themselves with commonly encountered foot and ankle injuries. Coupling a sound understanding of key anatomic structures with an appropriately gathered history can help to quickly narrow the differential diagnosis in this clinical presentation. Read More

Ann Anat 2020 May 20;229:151468. Epub 2020 Jan 20.

Laboratory of Human Evolutionary Biomechanics, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.

Background: The prevalence of foot pathologies, such as flatfoot deformity and hallux valgus, is higher in women and increases with age. It has been reported that these types of foot disorders may also be linked to excessive mobility of the subtalar joint to the eversion direction during weight bearing. Given that the mobility of the joint is determined by its articular morphology, sex- and age-related variations in the subtalar articular surface morphology are possible. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2020 Jan 23:1938640019901055. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University Medical School and Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (RLP, XL).

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the treatment considerations and surgical techniques utilized by fellowship-trained orthopaedic sports medicine and foot and ankle specialists in the management of Achilles tendon ruptures. A blinded electronic survey was distributed to 2062 fellowship-trained sports medicine and 1319 fellowship-trained foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons. The total number of acute Achilles tendon ruptures managed per year, patient-specific factors associated with surgical decision making and surgical techniques were evaluated. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2020 Jan 22. Epub 2020 Jan 22.

Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Bayern, Germany

Aim: We aimed to identify patterns and mechanisms of injury situations in men's professional handball by means of video match analysis.

Methods: Moderate and severe injuries (absence of >7 days) sustained in competition in one of six seasons (2010 to 2013 and 2014 to 2017) in men's professional handball were prospectively analysed with a newly developed standardised observation form. Season 2013 to 2014 was excluded because of missing video material. Read More

Phys Ther Sport 2020 Mar 13;42:107-115. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Physical Therapy, Speech and Occupational Therapy Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Cidade Universitária, Rua Cipotânea 51, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Objectives: To investigate the effects of a foot training program on muscle morphology and strength as well as running biomechanics in healthy recreational runners.

Design: Proof-of-concept, single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Settings: Runners were allocated to a control (CG) or an intervention (IG) group. Read More

Physiother Res Int 2020 Apr 16;25(2):e1826. Epub 2020 Jan 16.

Orthopaedic and Physiotherapy, Private Practice, Nambour, Queensland, Australia.

Background And Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are common knee injuries, and siblings of individuals with an ACL injury may be at higher risk of ACL injury. Generalized hypermobility may be a familial factor predisposing siblings to ACL injury and may also relate to faulty lower limb alignment. There is a need to determine whether the interaction between hypermobility, family history, and faulty alignment makes siblings with hypermobility at higher risk for ACL injury so that appropriate preventative measures can be taken. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2020 Apr 8;41(4):398-402. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Penn State Hershey Bone and Joint Institute, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.

Background: The incidence of Achilles ruptures has been on the rise in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football players, but the career impact of this injury is not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed a large series of Achilles tendon injuries in NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) defensive football players who required repair in order to determine their return to play, performance, and career outcomes afterward.

Methods: FBS defensive football players who required Achilles repair from 2010 to 2016 were identified. Read More

Int J Sports Med 2020 Mar 6;41(3):189-195. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, United States.

Despite evidence that overuse is the most common mechanism of injury, softball pitchers currently have no pitch count regulations. Pain has been associated with certain pitching pathomechanics, and some reports indicate increased pain following a single pitching bout. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine trunk and lower extremity kinematics during the first and last inning of a game, as well as last inning pitch volume in youth softball pitchers. Read More