Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Athl Train 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Motor Control Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Context: With growing awareness of and advocacy for including individuals with disabilities in sport, implementation of concussion-assessment and -management strategies is warranted. Limited research is available on concussion assessment in adapted wheelchair sport athletes.

Objective: To examine baseline symptom reporting, computerized neurocognitive testing, and a modified balance scoring system in adapted athletes. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2020 May;26(20):2479-2497

Joint Veteran Center, Scientific Department, Army Medical Center, Rome 00184, Italy.

The aim of this review is to offer dietary advice for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and neurogenic bowel dysfunction. With this in mind, we consider health conditions that are dependent on the level of lesion including skeletal muscle atrophy, autonomic dysreflexia and neurogenic bladder. In addition, SCI is often associated with a sedentary lifestyle, which increases risk for osteoporosis and diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, including cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. Read More

Med Hypotheses 2020 May 23;143:109869. Epub 2020 May 23.

University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Background: Special feet connected to a prosthesis, prosthetic sports feet, enable athletes with a lower limb amputation to run. The selection of a prosthetic sports feet is usually based on body weight and preferred sports performance. The selection of a prosthetic sport feet is also based on clinicians who likely have limited experience due to a small number of athletes with a lower limb amputation. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2020 Mar-Apr;31(2):297-304

Postgraduate Program, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói; Department of Specific Formation, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.

Background: Dental caries is a dysbiotic polymicrobial disease that can cause damage to an individual's successful, elite sporting performance.

Aims: This study aimed to realize a meta-analysis to calculate a worldwide, pooled estimated prevalence of dental caries in athletes.

Methods And Materials: This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (n° CRD42017068127). Read More

Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2020 May 19:1-7. Epub 2020 May 19.

Human Engineering Research Laboratories, US Department of Veterans Affairs and School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

To identify adaptive sports opportunities for individuals who use powered wheelchairs for their primary means of mobility, and to determine barriers and facilitators for new sporting opportunities. A structured literature review of the peer-reviewed scientific literature and analysis of major adaptive sport competitions information. Pubmed and Scopus were searched for the phrases "Power wheelchair sports" and "complex disability sport" to identify articles discussing competitive sport opportunities for power wheelchair users. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2020 Jul 14;29(7):1401-1405. Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Although ulnar neuritis can occur secondary to ulnar collateral ligament pathology, stress fractures, and traction apophysitis, isolated ulnar nerve dysfunction can lead to medial elbow pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term outcomes of overhead athletes undergoing anterior ulnar nerve transposition for ulnar neuropathy.

Methods: All overhead athletes who underwent isolated ulnar nerve transposition between 2009 and 2016 for refractory ulnar neuritis were identified. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020 Jun 29;106(4):751-756. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil.

Background: Electrical studies are often used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We noticed differences in results when we considered the clinical tests.

Objectives: What's the prevalence of CTS in adapted sports athletes based on clinical diagnostic? Is there any relationship between the presence of symptoms and the use of wheelchairs, the type of sport practiced, dominance and how long the sport had been practiced?

Hypothesis: The prevalence of CTS in adapted sports athletes is close to that of the general population. Read More

Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2020 Apr 23;55(2):221-225. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Hospital Unimed BH, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

 To compare the medial and lateral rotations of the shoulders and the distances between the coracoid process and the cubital fossa of non-athletic individuals to those of elite squash players.  The cross-sectional study was performed between March and August 2017. Male and female non-athletes (  = 628) were selected at the Orthopedic Emergency Service of our institution. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020 Apr 17. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Introduction: Sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport (SRIIPS) are a concern, but knowledge about the etiology and risk factors is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the annual incidence, type, and severity of injuries and illnesses among Swedish Paralympic athletes and to assess risk factors.

Methods: Swedish Paralympic athletes (n = 107) self-reported SRIIPS every week during 52 weeks using an eHealth application. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Apr 16;10(1):6503. Epub 2020 Apr 16.

Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy. Physiotherapy area. Miguel Hernandez University, Elche, Spain.

Elbow tendinopathy is a common pathology of the upper extremity that impacts both athletes and workers. Some research has examined the genetic component as a risk factor for tendinopathy, mainly in the lower limbs. A case-control study was designed to test for a relationship between certain collagen gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and elbow tendon pathology. Read More

Curr Sports Med Rep 2020 Apr;19(4):131-132

Kaiser Permanente Washington, Everett, WA.

Clin Neuropsychol 2020 Mar 19:1-17. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

Department of Neuropsychology, Samaritan Health Services, Albany, OR, USA.

: Sport-related concussions continue to garner attention as research emerges about the effects of these injuries. Many have advocated for cognitive baselines; however, there is no uniform practice of neuropsychological baseline testing at the collegiate level leading to variance in administration and interpretation. Continuing clarification on best practices is essential for the field, especially considering previous research highlighting normal variability on cognitive tests in other populations, but also the need for separate normative sources for those with attention and learning problems. Read More

Disabil Rehabil 2020 Mar 14:1-5. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.

The para-cycling classification system, consisting of five classes (C1-C5) for bicycling (C5 athletes having least impairments), is mostly based on expert-opinion rather than scientific evidence. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in race performance between para-cycling classes. From official results of the men's 1 km time trials for classes C1-C5 of seven Union Cycliste Internationale World Championships and Paralympics, median race speed of the five fastest athletes in each class was calculated ( = 175). Read More

J Intellect Disabil Res 2020 May 13;64(5):345-356. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Karachi, Pakistan.

Introduction: The experiences of Pakistanis with intellectual disabilities (IDs) and their family members have been underexplored empirically.

Method: The present study sought to address this gap by understanding the lives of five Special Olympics Pakistan athletes and their guardians through PhotoVoice.

Findings: Through thematic analysis, we present the primary theme concerning Pakistan's cultural context that provides an empirical exploration of cultural beliefs about intellectual disability, cultural expectations and support received by people with intellectual disabilities and their guardians. Read More

J Sports Sci 2020 Apr 5;38(8):937-944. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.

This study determined the physical and technical demands of elite wheelchair tennis (WT) match-play, how the demands differed between divisions (Men, Women, Quad) and the effect that set result and score margin had on these demands. Seventeen WT players were monitored during a singles competition. Physical measures of performance were analysed using an indoor tracking system and inertial measurement units. Read More

Clin J Sport Med 2020 Mar;30 Suppl 1:S69-S74

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: Identifying personal characteristics associated with sustaining a concussion is of great interest, yet only a few have examined this in children. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sex, neurodevelopmental disorders, health history, and lifetime history of self-reported concussion in 12- and 13-year-old athletes.

Design: Cross-sectional study. Read More

Foot (Edinb) 2020 Mar 8;42:101650. Epub 2020 Feb 8.

Apeejay School of Management, Sector-8, Institutional Area, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India. Electronic address:

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of foot problems and its related associations in different regions across India among people with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) stratified by age and gender.

Method: A survey was done among a randomly chosen sample of 1517 Indian inhabitants (8-50 years of age) residing in different regions of the country under the drive named Healthy Athlete (HA) Fit Feet Screening Program of Special Olympics Bharat. Chi-Square test is used to draw an inference of prevalence of different foot conditions among the population from different age groups and from different genders. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 01 30;17(3). Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea.

We aimed to evaluate the effects of a 2-week exercise training program in hypobaric hypoxic conditions on exercise performance and immune function in Korean national cycling athletes with disabilities. Six Korean national cycling athletes with disabilities participated in exercise training consisting of continuous aerobic exercise and anaerobic interval exercise in hypobaric hypoxic conditions. The exercise training frequency was 60 min (5 days per week for 2 weeks). Read More

Phys Ther Sport 2020 Mar 25;42:146-150. Epub 2020 Jan 25.

Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Determine the change in global and region-specific PROMs among athletes from one NCAA Division I football team during one season.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Athletic training facility. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2020 24;25:102144. Epub 2019 Dec 24.

Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan. Electronic address:

Despite their disabilities, top Paralympic athletes have better motor skills than able-bodied athletes. However, the neural underpinnings of these better motor skills remain unclear. We investigated the reorganization of the primary motor cortex (M1) in a Paralympic athlete with congenital amputation of both arms who holds the world record for the farthest accurate shot in archery (Amputee Archer: AA). Read More

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019 10;5(1):e000611. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.

The Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) shoulder and elbow questionnaire, with 10 items and a total score ranging from zero to 100, provides more clinically relevant information about overhead athletes than other shoulder or upper limb patient-reported outcomes.

Objectives: To translate, cultural adapt and evaluate the measurement properties of the Norwegian version of KJOC shoulder and elbow questionnaire.

Methods: 33 overhead athletes (age 18. Read More

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2019 16;11:36. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

2Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Background: Although sports participation leads to important health enhancement for youth with chronic diseases or physical disabilities (CDPD), it may pose an increased risk for injury or illness. This study investigated the incidence, type, severity and risks to (sports-related) injuries and illnesses among ambulatory youth with CDPD.

Methods: Over a 12-month period, every 2 weeks, the characteristics of injuries and illnesses were registered by an online questionnaire and phone-based interview. Read More

Orv Hetil 2019 Dec;160(52):2061-2066

Ortopédiai Klinika, Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Budapest.

During kayaking, the whole body works in a perfect harmony. While the trunk is doing a rotation, flexion-extension helps to the upper limb to create a special cyclic paddle. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of the physical disabled (later disabled) person's kayaking motions and to probe whether there were any significant differences between disabled and non-disabled kayakers with special focus on the use of footrest. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 12 5;16(24). Epub 2019 Dec 5.

The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Institute of Sport Science, 40-066 Katowice, Poland.

The study aimed to identify the limitations observed in Polish Paralympic sport depending on the environment in which athletes train on a daily basis. The study included 581 persons divided into two basic groups. The first group consists of athletes (n = 324) and coaches (n = 88) appointed to the national team by associations and unions providing sports training exclusively for athletes with disabilities. Read More

J Clin Med Res 2019 Nov 29;11(11):729-739. Epub 2019 Oct 29.

Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.

Background: A growing body of pieces of evidence suggests that sport activity is of potential importance both for physical and mental health. To date, there is a lack of information and evidence regarding the mental health of visually impaired people playing some extent of sports and recognized as athletes with renowned career track. The present study aims to clarify the mental health status and its related factors in visually impaired athletes. Read More

Disabil Health J 2020 Apr 6;13(2):100850. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Special Olympics International, Washington D.C., USA.

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors; yet, few behavioral health interventions are designed and implemented for people with ID.

Objective: This study examined Special Olympics Inc. (SOI) fitness models as a potential intervention to reduce CVD risk in people with ID. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020 Mar 24;30(3):496-504. Epub 2019 Nov 24.

Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU.

Classification is a hot topic in Paralympic sport, making the development of evidence-based and sport-specific classification systems mandatory. However, the development of measurements for exploring the relationships between the athletes' impairment and their activity limitation is a considerable scientific challenge in team Paralympic sport such as 7-side football (ie, CP Football). The aims of this study were 1) to describe the activity limitation and external match load (ML) differences among impairment profiles (FT) in international level footballers with cerebral palsy (CPFP) and 2) to analyze the relationship among the activity limitation and external ML variables. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 11;51(11):2265-2273

Peter Harrison Centre for Disability Sport, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UNITED KINGDOM.

Purpose: To determine the effects of horizontal crank position on economy and upper limb kinematics in recumbent handcycling.

Methods: Fifteen trained handcyclists performed trials at 50% and 70% of their peak aerobic power output (POPeak), determined during a maximal exercise test, in each horizontal crank position. Four horizontal crank positions, 94%, 97%, 100%, and 103% of arm length, were investigated. Read More

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019 10 11;7(10):e15019. Epub 2019 Oct 11.

Department of Behavioral and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.

Background: Hundreds of thousands of mobile phone apps intended to improve health and fitness are available for download across platforms and operating systems; however, few have been designed with people with physical disabilities in mind, ignoring a large population that may benefit from an effective tool to increase physical activity.

Objective: This study represents the first phase in the development process of a fitness tracking app for people with physical disabilities interested in nontraditional sport. The aim of this research was to explore user preferences for content, appearance, and operational features of a proposed physical activity app for people with physical disabilities to inform the design of a mobile phone app for increasing physical activity. Read More

Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020 Jan 4;30(1):199-207. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.

Several international sports federations have implemented a standardized injury reporting system during their championships. However, very few studies have investigated athletes with disabilities during major championships apart from the Paralympic Games. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the rate and characteristics of injuries during the Wheelchair Basketball World Championships 2018 (WBWC). Read More

Disabil Health J 2020 01 5;13(1):100839. Epub 2019 Sep 5.

Divison of Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The present study adds to the knowledge base in positive psychology and disability sport psychology by replicating and extending the research of Martin, Byrd, Watts, and Dent (2015).

Objectives: In the current study we replicated previous findings by predicting life quality and sport engagement using measures of grit, hardiness, and resilience. We also extended the work of Martin et al. Read More

J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2020 Mar 3;33(2):321-326. Epub 2019 Sep 3.

Special Olympics International, Washington, DC, USA.

Background: Information about obesity among people with intellectual disability comes mostly from small-scale, national samples in high-income countries. There are limited data from transnational studies.

Method: BMI scores had been obtained for over 25,000 youth and adults with intellectual disabilities drawn from 60 European and Eurasian countries. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Jun 28;7(12):2044-2049. Epub 2019 Jun 28.

Department of Health Sciences, CNHS, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Background: Oral health reflects the overall health of an individual; it impacts the mental and physical well-being, quality of life, and social relations of an individual. Special Olympics (SO) athletes have been found to have poorer oral health, and high unmet treatment needs globally. Nine articles are included in this systematic review to determine the oral health status of Special Olympics athletes with intellectual disabilities. Read More

Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2019 11;98(11):1036-1040

From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (AST, PWB, CAB); Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (EMB, EGM, CAB); U.S. Paralympics, U.S. Olympic Committee, Chula Vista, California (EB); Orthopedic and Arthritis Center for Outcomes Research, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (HYY, JEC); Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (JEC); and Kelley Adaptive Sports Research Institute, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (PWB, CAB).

Bone stress injury is a common overuse injury in athletes. Risk factors for bone stress injury in athletes include the female athlete triad (triad); this has not been evaluated in para athletes. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors, prevalence, and anatomical distribution of bone stress injury in para athletes. Read More

Curr Sports Med Rep 2019 Jul;18(7):270-274

Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, Istanbul, TURKEY.

Nutrition, which is an important factor that improves physical performance, has a major place in the lives of both disabled and nondisabled athletes. The main purpose of nutritional assessment of disabled athletes is to assess the individual's consumption to determine the insufficiencies and to suggest the necessary changes to design the most appropriate nutrition plan. Nutrition strategies play a key role in confirming the performance of disabled athletes. Read More

Inj Epidemiol 2019 2;6:13. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

320 Alumni Arena, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.

Background: Dwarfism, or skeletal dysplasia, is a term used to describe short stature. Injuries to athletes with disabilities and medical co-morbidities, such as those present in the dwarf population, can have significant consequences on functionality. The main objectives of this retrospective descriptive study were to 1) evaluate the safety of athletic participation among athletes with skeletal dysplasia, 2) investigate the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses among athletes with skeletal dysplasia during the 2013 World Dwarf Games held on the campus of Michigan State University, 3) describe details and overview of the World Dwarf Games, and 4) identify possible safety and rule issues to improve safety at future World Dwarf Games. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019 Aug 18;28(8):1441-1448. Epub 2019 Jun 18.

BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen University of Heidelberg, Clinic for Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze sports participation after radial head arthroplasty among recreational athletes.

Methods: A total of 57 recreational athletes (mean age, 49 years; age range, 18-79 years) treated with radial head arthroplasty for non-reconstructible radial head fractures were included in this retrospective study. The return-to-sports rate and the time to return to sports were analyzed. Read More

J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2019 05 17;42(4):247-253. Epub 2019 Jun 17.

Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Concordia University-St. Paul, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe changes in shoulder pain and upper-extremity functional movement after kinesiology taping (KT) in competitive swimmers.

Methods: Seventy-six healthy participants competing in the US Masters Swimming 2017 National Championship participated in the study. Participants performed functional movement of shoulder flexion along with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand index assessments for the shoulder before and 30 minutes after application of KT. Read More

PM R 2020 01 3;12(1):36-42. Epub 2019 Sep 3.

Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Background: Studies have revealed a higher incidence of injury and illness among elite adaptive athletes when compared to able-bodied athletes in competition. However, individuals with disabilities report poorer access to health care.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify differences in healthcare access, satisfaction, and unmet needs between recreational adaptive and able-bodied athletes in all sports and within a single sport (hockey). Read More

Acta Bioeng Biomech 2019 ;21:23-30

Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Informatics and Medical Devices, Gliwice, Poland.

Purpose: The quality of body posture and its balance depends on the efficiency of the receptors, the good work of the central nervous system integrating and coordinating the postural system and the effective musculoskeletal system. Physical activity of people with intellectual disability can stimulate the processes of improving the posture and its postural stability, improving the quality of life.

Methods: The study was conducted in 2017. Read More

Adapt Phys Activ Q 2019 Jun;36(3):339-358

Queen's University.

Identifying as a regular exerciser has been found to effectively alter stereotypes related to warmth and competence for adults with a physical disability; however, it remains unclear how sport participation can influence this trend. Therefore, this study aimed to examine warmth and competence perceptions of adults with a physical disability portrayed as elite and nonelite athletes relative to other athletic and nonathletic subgroups of adults with and without a physical disability in the context of the stereotype content model. Using survey data from able-bodied participants (N = 302), cluster analyses were applied to a behaviors from intergroup affect and stereotypes map for displaying the intersection of warmth and competence perceptions. Read More

J Intellect Disabil Res 2019 11 23;63(11):1359-1378. Epub 2019 May 23.

Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow, UK.

Background: There have been several past reports that adults with intellectual disabilities experience poor oral health (tooth loss, periodontal health and untreated dental caries). Loss of a functional dentition has serious consequences, including problems with chewing, swallowing, nutrition, speech, temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and pain and systemic health conditions. Poor oral health is largely preventable through proactive oral care support. Read More

Adapt Phys Activ Q 2019 Jun;36(3):325-338

Sheffield Hallam University.

The aim of this study was to examine strategies to absorb impact shock during RaceRunning in participants with neurological motor disorders. For this purpose, 8 RaceRunning athletes (4 male and 4 female) voluntarily took part in the study. Each participant performed a series of 100-m sprints with a RaceRunning bike. Read More

Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2019 20;39(6):567-579. Epub 2019 May 20.

Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton , AB , Canada.

Increased understanding of the outcomes associated with physical activity and sports has the potential to guide rehabilitation interventions for children and adolescents with disabilities. To describe research related to group physical activity and sport participation of children and adolescent wheelchair users. The five-step framework described by Arksey and O'Malley was used to guide the review. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2019 Jun 16;53(12):737-740. Epub 2019 May 16.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Objectives: This narrative review summarises the literature on the mental health of Paralympic athletes, explores possible reasons for the paucity of research in this area and suggests directions for future research.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Cochrane databases was conducted using search terms related to disability, sport and mental health.

Results: The search yielded 665 publications. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Aug 13;128:398-402. Epub 2019 May 13.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. Electronic address:

Sir Ludwig Guttmann's pioneering work in the treatment of spinal injury not only improved the care for patients with paraplegia up to now but revolutionized basic principles of neurorehabilitation. A wide selection of publications honors the personal and academic life of this singular German neurologist and neurosurgeon of Jewish descent. When the Nazis came into power, Guttmann was dismissed from his hospital workplace, humiliated, and later forced to leave Germany. Read More

Percept Mot Skills 2019 Aug 14;126(4):694-712. Epub 2019 May 14.

1 Sport Science School of Rio Maior (ESDRM-IPSantarém), Portugal.

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the original version of the Passion Scale (14 items, two factors). We tested it within a sample of mixed gender Portuguese athletes from different sports, including adapted sports. In addition to demonstrating reliability, validity, and confirmatory factor analyses of the Passion Scale, we sought to analyze the invariance of this measure between males and females and across six types of sports (soccer, futsal, swimming, surf, bodyboard, and adapted sports). Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2019 Jun;27(2):67-72

Spaulding Adaptive Sports Centers, Charlestown, MA.

Shoulder injuries in wheelchair sport athletes is the most commonly reported injury site and can directly impact not only sport performance, but everyday function and mobility. There is abundant research on shoulder rehabilitation for able bodied athletes, but minimal specifically related to wheelchair sport athletes. The purpose of this paper is to outline an exercise protocol and wheelchair sport equipment fit guidelines based off current research and expert opinion. Read More

Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2019 Jun;27(2):60-66

Kelley Adaptive Sports Research Institute.

Adaptive sports athletes represent a growing population within the athletic community worldwide. Given potential cardiometabolic and psychosocial benefits of adaptive sports participation, the impact on bone health and injury risk in adaptive athletes is of increasing clinical interest. Impaired bone health as a result of low energy availability has been well described in able-bodied athletic women and, more recently, men as part of the female athlete triad and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Read More