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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021 Jan;67(1):88-93

Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - Recife (PE), Brasil.

Objective: To evaluated calcification of the coronary arteries and its association with visceral fat and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels.

Methods: A cross sectional study involving 140 individuals without any previous diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. A biochemical analysis of vitamin D serum levels was carried out, as well as computed tomography to measure coronary artery calcium score and visceral adipose tissue. Read More

Bratisl Lek Listy 2021 ;122(7):513-518

Aim: A useful tool for determining the presence of systemic inflammation is the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Chronic inflammation causes more microvascular resistance, which is known to be involved with coronary slow flow (CSF). Aortic flow propagation velocity (APV) can be used to evaluate the aorta's rigidity. Read More

Bratisl Lek Listy 2021 ;122(7):474-488

In the review we analyzed short history of the establishment of a novel hematological parameter for systemic inflammation and stress coined as a neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Today NLR is widely used across almost all medical disciplines as a reliable and easy available marker of immune response to various infectious and non-infectious stimuli. We analyzed the immunological and biological aspects of dynamic changes of neutrophil granulocytes and lymphocytes in circulating blood during endocrine stress, dysbalance of autonomic nervous system and systemic inflammation. Read More

Rev Prat 2021 Mar;71(3):e82

Centre de soins, de recherche et enseignement en hypertension artérielle, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, 75015, Paris, France - Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France.

Rev Prat 2021 Jan;71(1):e35

Service de cardiologie médicale, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 69677, Bron Cedex, faculté Lyon-Est, université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-I, France.

Rev Prat 2021 Jan;71(1):e31-e34

Service de cardiologie médicale, hôpital Louis-Pradel, 69677, Bron Cedex, faculté Lyon-Est, université Claude-Bernard-Lyon-I, France.

J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021 Jun 23. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 410 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.

Background: Tandem occlusions exist in 17-32% of large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes. A significant concern is bleeding when carotid stenting is performed in tandem with thrombectomy due the administration of antiplatelet agents such as glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GP2b3aI) after receiving rtPA, but data are limited in this setting.

Methods: A mutlicenter, retrospective chart review was conducted at two comprehensive stroke centers to assess the safety and efficacy of using GP2b3aI to facilitate carotid stent placement simultaneously with endovascular thrombectomy in patients who have received rtPA. Read More

Environ Health Perspect 2021 Jun 23;129(6):67007. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: The general population is ubiquitously exposed to the toxic metal cadmium through the diet and smoking. Cadmium exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction. Read More

Neuroradiol J 2021 Jun 23:19714009211026920. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA.

Purpose: The trend of atherosclerotic plaque feature evolution is unclear in stroke patients with and without recurrence. We aimed to use three-dimensional whole-brain magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging to quantify the morphological changes of causative lesions during medical therapy in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease.

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke attributed to intracranial atherosclerotic disease were retrospectively enrolled if they underwent both baseline and follow-up magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging. Read More

Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021 Jul;29(7):1215-1222

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Objective: The aim of this study was to study the prospective association between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and changes in weight and obesity risk in a community-based population.

Methods: Data from 9,681 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study were analyzed at two time points 6 years apart. Among people without obesity at baseline, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between baseline levels of NT-proBNP and incident obesity. Read More

Mol Cell Biochem 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chongqing Dazu District People's Hospital, No. 1073 Erhuan South Road, Tangxiang Street, Dazu County, Chongqing, 402360, China.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play vital roles in atherosclerosis. However, the precise roles of circUBR4 in atherosclerosis remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulatory roles of circUBR4 in atherosclerosis. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Aug 8;16(8):1993-1998. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Radiology Department, UCSI Hospital, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Aortoilliac occlusive disease is occlusive atherosclerosis disease involving the distal aorta and bifurcation of iliac arteries and it is a subtype of peripheral arterial disease. Total occlusion of the abdominal aorta is a rare occurrence with an incidence of 3% -8.5% among the aortoiliac occlusive disease patients. Read More

Atherosclerosis 2021 Jun 13. Epub 2021 Jun 13.

Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China. Electronic address:

Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021 Jun 22;20(1):124. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) increases the risk of incident heart failure (HF), whose earliest fingerprint is effort intolerance (i.e. impaired peak oxygen consumption, or VO). Read More

Circ Res 2021 Jun 23. Epub 2021 Jun 23.

School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CHINA.

Vascular calcification in arterial intima is closely associated with atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells (ECs) sense blood flow and respond to the mechanical cues generated by different flow patterns. Laminar flow (LF) induces an anti-atherosclerotic EC phenotype whereas disturbed flow (DF) exerts an atheroprone effect. Read More

Atherosclerosis 2021 Jun 11;329:9-13. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Genetic Dyslipidemias Clinic of the Montreal Clinical Research Institute, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Experimental Medicine and Medical Biochemistry, McGill University, Québec, Canada. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disease, with an autosomal codominant inheritance, predisposing to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Paternal or maternal inheritance of the FH-causing mutation may affect the FH phenotype in offspring, but the effect of the genetic transmission on cardiovascular disease risk remains to be established. The aim of the present study is to compare the incidence of cardiovascular events between patients with maternal vs paternal inheritance of familial hypercholesterolemia. Read More

J Intern Med 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) via food and smoking is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Blood and urine levels of Cd are established biomarkers of exposure. Our aim was to review: 1) the smoking-independent associations between Cd exposure and ASCVD, including the possible presence of a non-linear dose-response relationship with Cd exposure; and 2) the causal effects of Cd exposure on different stages of atherosclerosis. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021 Jun;25(11):4064-4068

Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, AOU of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

Objective: Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Inflammation, including monocytes, T and B cells, plays a key role in its pathogenesis. Our purpose was to evaluate plasma cells' presence in a large series of carotid artery plaques and the clinical association. Read More

J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021 Jun 22;19(1):95. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.

Background: Drug response is below genetic influence, proven by the genetic variants. Pharmacogenetics trials are performed in many diseases, including coronary artery disease. This study was designed to determine the genetic polymorphism (rs676210) Pro2739leu G > A in the lipid metabolism-related gene (ApoB gene) and its pharmacogenetic role in the response to atorvastatin drug in a sample of Iraqi population with coronary artery disease (CAD). Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021 Jun 22. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.

One of the difficulties in atherosclerosis treatment is that the ablation of inflammatory macrophages, repair of vascular endothelial injury, and anti-tissue proliferation should be considered. However, there are few studies that can solve the abovementioned problems simultaneously. Herein, we present a kind of near-infrared (NIR) light-driven multifunctional mesoporous/macroporous tubular micromotor which can rapidly target the damaged blood vessels and release different drugs. Read More

Wiad Lek 2021 ;74(4):966-972

UKRAINIAN CHILDREN`S CARDIAC CENTER, KYIV, UKRAINE.

Objective: The aim: To investigate haematological and biochemical parameters and their potential for grading the severity of coronary artery lesions to predict the course atherosclerosis.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study is based on data obtained from a prospective analysis of 131 patients at the age of 51 to 82 years old from January to December 2019, whose complaints could indicate the coronary artery disease. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-116 Xiang'An South Rd, Xiamen, 361102, China.

Purpose: The formation of advanced plaques, which is characterized by the uninterrupted aggregation of macrophages with high expression of folate receptor-β (FR-β), is observed in several concomitant metabolic syndromes. The objective of this study was to develop a novel FR-β-targeted single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracer and validate its application to the noninvasive detection of atherosclerosis (AS) plaque and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL).

Methods: Two radioiodinated probes, [I]IPBF and [I]IBF, were developed, and cell uptake studies were used to identify their specific targets for activated macrophages. Read More

Biomed Rep 2021 Aug 7;15(2):64. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.

The sex of a patient can affect the outcomes of several cardiovascular diseases, and men generally tend to experience earlier episodes of cardiovascular diseases compared with women. The progression of atherosclerosis during hyperlipidemia can be induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized-low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). By contrast, bone marrow (BM)-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been reported to serve a protective role against atherosclerosis. Read More

J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

G Di Marco, Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Munster, Munster, Germany

Soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1/sVEGFR1) is a natural occurring antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Despite being a secreted, soluble protein lacking cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains, sFlt-1 can act locally and be protective against excessive microenvironmental VEGF concentration, or exert autocrine functions independently of VEGF. Circulating sFlt-1 may indiscriminately affect endothelial function and the microvasculature on distant target organs. Read More

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021 Apr 18. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: The association between isoflavone (ISF) consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial because of limited evidence. Carotid atherosclerosis is an established indicator of subclinical CVD. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary ISF intake and subclinical CVD in middle-aged and elderly adults. Read More

Indian Heart J 2021 May-Jun;73(3):264-272. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Medica Institute of Cardiac Sciences, Kolkata, India.

There is mounting evidence which suggests the involvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and associated risk states such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, obesity and dyslipidaemia, atherosclerosis, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The current review comprehensively summarizes the various pathogenetic mechanisms of dysbiosis in these conditions and discusses the key therapeutic implications. Further deeper understanding of the pathogenetic links between CVD and gut microbiota dysbiosis can aid in the development of novel microbiota-based targets for the management of CVDs. Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021 Jun 18;30(8):105935. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Department of Neurology, Neurovascular Research Unit, Denmark. Electronic address:

Objectives: Recurrent stroke remains a challenge though secondary prevention is initiated immediately post-stroke. Stroke subtype may determine the risk of recurrent stroke and require specific preventive measures. We aimed to identify subtype-specific stroke recurrence and associated risk factors over time. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Hengyang Medical College.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a metabolite of sphingolipids, is mainly derived from red blood cells (RBCs), platelets and endothelial cells (ECs). It plays important roles in regulating cell survival, vascular integrity and inflammatory responses through its receptors. S1P receptors (S1PRs), including 5 subtypes (S1PR1-5), are G protein-coupled receptors and have been proved to mediate various and complex roles of S1P in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke by regulating endothelial function and inflammatory response as well as immune cell behavior. Read More

Clin Chim Acta 2021 Jun 18. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Atherosclerosis, as a chronic inflammatory disease within the arterial wall, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide due to its role in myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease. Additional evidence is emerging that the angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) family of proteins participate in the pathology of this disease process via endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, dyslipidemia, calcification, foam cell formation and platelet activation. This review summarizes current knowledge on the ANGPTL family of proteins in atherosclerosis related pathological processes. Read More

PLoS One 2021 21;16(6):e0253519. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America.

The receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is a multi-functional protein best known for facilitating cellular necroptosis and inflammation. Recent evidence from our lab indicates that RIPK3 expression must be tightly regulated in endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis, to maintain vascular integrity during embryogenesis, and to provide protection from postnatal atherosclerosis. RIPK3 activity and stability are regulated by post-translational modifications and caspase-dependent cleavage. Read More