Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Ann Coloproctol 2019 Feb 28;35(1):9-14. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Purpose: Despite the use of different surgical methods, surgical site infection is still an important cause of mortality and morbidity in patients and imposes a considerable cost on the healthcare system. Administration of supplemental oxygen during surgery has been reported to reduce surgical site infection (SSI); however, that result is still controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of hyperoxygenation during colorectal surgery on the incidence of wound infection. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019 Mar 11:218492319835994. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

4 Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Thailand.

Background: Respiratory complications are some of the most common complications following thoracic surgery and can lead to higher perioperative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple clinical score for prediction of respiratory complications after thoracic surgery, and determine the internal validity.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all consecutive patients were aged 18 years and over and undergoing non-cardiac thoracic surgery at a tertiary-care university hospital. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(10):e14769

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids (PC) are histologically classified into typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC). The diagnosis of pulmonary carcinoid and possibly the differentiation between TC and AC could make a significant effect on the treatment planning as well as prognosis. Several studies have explored the utility of Ga-DOTA-Peptide (Ga-labelled [1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid]-peptide) and F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in the evaluation of primary pulmonary carcinoids. Read More

AJP Rep 2019 Jan 7;9(1):e72-e75. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

Pneumomediastinum (PM), or a mediastinal air leak, is a known morbidity in neonates. Among predisposing factors, the most significant are mixed lung diseases, such as pneumonia or meconium aspiration syndrome, with coexisting atelectasis and airway obstruction. We report an unusual presentation of significant spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a term newborn delivered by elective cesarean section with no history of active resuscitation at birth. Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 02 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

From the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (J.F., R.R.S.S., M.T.D., C.Z., L.B.) the Respiratory Care Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (R.M.K.) the Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (F.J.F., F,M.T.) the Pulmonary Division, Cardio-Pulmonary Department, Heart Institute (Incor), Hospital Das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (C.C.A.M., M.B.P.A.).

What We Already Know About This Topic: Obesity increases the propensity to atelectasis in acute respiratory distress syndrome, but the optimal approach to reversing this atelectasis is uncertain WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW: A clinical crossover study comparing three approaches to titrate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP; according to a fixed table, according to end-expiratory esophageal pressure, and targeting the best compliance during a decremental PEEP trial) found that a recruitment maneuver followed by decremental PEEP minimized atelectasis and overdistension, and best restored compliance and oxygenation without causing hemodynamic impairment BACKGROUND:: Obese patients are characterized by normal chest-wall elastance and high pleural pressure and have been excluded from trials assessing best strategies to set positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The authors hypothesized that severely obese patients with ARDS present with a high degree of lung collapse, reversible by titrated PEEP preceded by a lung recruitment maneuver.

Methods: Severely obese ARDS patients were enrolled in a physiologic crossover study evaluating the effects of three PEEP titration strategies applied in the following order: (1) PEEPARDSNET: the low PEEP/FIO2 ARDSnet table; (2) PEEPINCREMENTAL: PEEP levels set to determine a positive end-expiratory transpulmonary pressure; and (3) PEEPDECREMENTAL: PEEP levels set to determine the lowest respiratory system elastance during a decremental PEEP trial following a recruitment maneuver on respiratory mechanics, regional lung collapse, and overdistension according to electrical impedance tomography and gas exchange. Read More

JAMA Surg 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland.

J Cardiothorac Surg 2019 Mar 4;14(1):50. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Pneumology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli'- Monaldi Hospital, Via L. Bianchi, 80131, Naples, Italy.

Background: Tracheobronchial malignant stenosis is a life-threatening condition which may cause recurrent infections due to lung atelectasis. Despite immunotherapy is less toxic than standard chemotherapy, recurrent lung infections may represent a challenge for this treatment. We report a clinical case of a patient with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma suffering from pulmonary infections due to central airway obstruction who underwent endoscopic recanalization followed by immunotherapy. Read More

Georgian Med News 2019 Jan(286):19-23

Donetsk National Medical University of Health Ministry of Ukraine, Liman; SE "Dnepropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine"; National Cancer Institute Kyiv, Ukraine.

Lung cancer (LC) occupies the first place in the structure of cancer morbidity and its prevalence is growing every year. Prognosis of LC course and its complications is a topical task of modern oncology. Further improvement of laboratory prognostic criteria for LC diagnosis and reliable markers of complications of the disease are necessary. Read More

Lung India 2019 Mar-Apr;36(2):112-117

Department of Internal Medicine, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background And Objectives: Pleural effusion is seen in around half of the cases of pulmonary embolism (PE). There are no data on the incidence of pleural effusion in cases of PE in the Kingdom of Bahrain. This study was done to determine the frequency and radiological features of pleural effusion in cases of acute PE and also to characterize the pleural fluid biochemistry and cell type in patients subjected to diagnostic thoracentesis. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2019 Mar 31;132:121-126. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Radiotherapy, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Background And Purpose: Cone beam CT (CBCT) is used to improve accuracy of radical radiotherapy by adjusting treatment to the observed imaging changes. To ensure appropriate adjustment, image interpretation should precede any changes to treatment delivery. This study provides the methodology for image interpretation and the frequency and evolution of the changes in patients undergoing radical radiotherapy for localised and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Thoracic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.

Objective: To compare cost and perioperative outcomes of robotic, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and open surgical approaches to pulmonary lobectomy.

Methods: Patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy between 2012 and 2017 at a single tertiary referral center were reviewed. Propensity score adjustment by inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance baseline patient characteristics. Read More

Physiol Meas 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Chair for Medical Information Technology, Rheinisch - Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen, Aachen, GERMANY.

Objective: Tissues in the body differ by their frequency-dependent conductivity. Frequency-differential Electrical Impedance Tomography (fdEIT) is a promising technique to reconstruct the distribution of tissue inside the body by injecting current at two frequencies and measuring the resulting surface-potential.

Approach: The Gauss-Newton method is one way to map the surface measurements to a conductivity image. Read More

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Jan-Feb;34(1):85-92

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.

Sclerosing mediastinitis (SM), previously named chronic fibrosing mediastinitis, is an inflammatory process that in its end-stage results to sclerosis around the mediastinal structures. SM is quite rare and has been correlated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as malignancy. SM may either present in a mild form, with minor symptoms and a benign course or in a more aggressive form with severe pulmonary hypertension and subsequent higher morbidity and mortality. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Feb;22(2):164-171

Department IV of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142,China, Email:

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of postoperative pulmonary infection (PPI) in patients over 60 years of age with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy.

Methods: Clinicopathological data of 373 patients over 60 years of age who underwent radical gastrectomy at Department IV of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital, from April 2009 to December 2016 were retrospectively collected in this case-control study. The clinicopathological characteristics of patients with postoperative pulmonary infection (including postoperative atelectasis) and those without pulmonary infection were compared. Read More

Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, Japan.

Objectives: In lung cancer resection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a risk factor for post-operative complications. Few studies on post-operative complications of lung cancer resection have considered radiographic emphysematous change as an index. Here, we have examined the relationship between the regional ratio of the emphysematous area in pre-operative computed tomography images and cardiopulmonary complications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who underwent lung cancer resection. Read More

J Clin Monit Comput 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.

Elderly patients undergoing urological surgery in the lithotomy position may be vulnerable to perioperative hypoxemia. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can improve arterial oxygenation. Although laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is widely utilized in urological surgery, it is not known how PEEP affects arterial oxygenation in these patients. Read More

J Asthma 2019 Feb 20:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

a Department of Pneumology , Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias , Oviedo , Spain.

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the tomographic findings and prevalence of bronchiectasis in our population of patients with severe asthma, and to identify factors associated with the presence of bronchiectasis in these patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected data from the medical histories of patients referred to the asthma unit of our hospital, with a diagnosis of severe asthma between 2015 and 2017. Patients with ABPA, cystic fibrosis, immunodeficiency or systemic disease were excluded. Read More

Respiration 2019 Feb 15:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

This short review focuses on pulmonary injury in breath-hold (BH) divers. When practicing their extreme leisure sport, they are exposed to increased pressure on pulmonary gas volumes, hypoxia, and increased partial gas pressures. Increasing ambient pressures do present a serious problem to BH deep divers, because the semi-rigid thorax prevents the deformation required by the Boyle-Mariotte law. Read More

J Mycol Med 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC)/ Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:

A 12-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis (CF) and a history of glucocorticoid-dependent allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) was referred to our hospital. The ABPA was diagnosed when he was 8 years old and he had been treated with several course of oral glucocorticoids for recurrent exacerbations. He was readmitted when aged 12 with a history of worsening shortness of breath and chest tightness. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Neonatal Unit, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.

Objective:  To evaluate the association between endotracheal tube (ETT) tip position and adverse pulmonary outcomes using chest X-ray (CXR) in extremely preterm infants in whom ETT insertion length was estimated using weight + 6 guide (adding 6 cms to the infant's weight in kg).

Study Design:  CXRs of 85 infants performed in the first week were reviewed for right-sided atelectasis, air leaks, and uneven lung inflation. The first CXR was later reviewed to document the ETT tip. Read More

J Ultrasound 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, "Bambino Gesù" Children Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Ultrasound examination of the thorax (TUS) can be quite suitable for children because their unique thoracic anatomy provides many acoustic windows into the chest. This review article covers techniques, indications, and applications of TUS in neonates, infants, and children, including common aspects and applications, like pulmonary consolidation and atelectasis, pleural effusion and pneumothorax and main neonatal pathologies such as respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and transitory tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Feb 18;19(1):44. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

1st Respiratory Medicine Department, University of Athens, "Sotiria" Hospital, 152 Mesogeion Ave, 115 27, Athens, Greece.

Background: Postpneumonectomy-like syndrome is a rare condition resulting from unilateral lung disease with severe lung volume loss leading to excessive mediastinal shift and herniation of the healthy lung into the contralateral hemithorax, mimicking the mediastinal shift observed in postpneumonectomy syndrome after pneumonectomy. We report a unique case of postpneumonectomy-like syndrome caused by an atypical bronchial carcinoid completely occluding the left main bronchus.

Case Presentation: A 25-year-old woman presented with symptoms of chronic exertional dyspnea and productive cough. Read More

Autops Case Rep 2018 Oct-Dec;8(4):e2018043. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Pathology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.

Ameloblastoma is an uncommon and locally aggressive, benign, odontogenic tumor, with local recurrence when not adequately excised. A rare variant of this neoplasm with the benign features but accompanied with metastases has been described. This rare variant is malignant ameloblastoma and is known to have a poor prognosis. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2019 Feb 18:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,Westmead Hospital,Sydney,Australia.

Objective: Chronic maxillary atelectasis is a rare and underdiagnosed condition in which there is a persistent and progressive decrease in maxillary sinus volume secondary to inward bowing of the antral walls. Chronic maxillary atelectasis is typically unilateral. Simultaneous bilateral chronic maxillary atelectasis is extremely uncommon. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2019 Mar 3;122(3):311-324. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO) have recommended a high (80%) fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO) to reduce surgical site infection in adult surgical patients undergoing general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation. However, there is ongoing debate over the safety of high FiO. We performed a systematic review to define the relative risk of clinically relevant adverse events (AE) associated with high FiO. Read More

Pneumologie 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Thoraxzentrum Ruhrgebiet, Klinik für Thoraxchirurgie, Evangelisches Krankenhaus, Herne.

A young man presented with haemoptysis, eight years after foreign body aspiration. The initial evaluation took place in the emergency department of a general hospital. However, neither chest x-ray nor bronchoscopy were performed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(7):e14471

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Rationale: Dieulafoy's lesions are characterized by the presence of a dysplastic artery in the submucosa, most frequently associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. They are rarely identified in the bronchial submucosa and can cause massive or fatal hemoptysis PATIENT CONCERNS:: The patient was a 62-year-old male farmer with intermittent hemoptysis of approximately 2 years duration and a definite diagnosis could not be established.

Diagnosis: A thorax-computed tomography at our hospital revealed that the bronchus of left lower lobe was narrowed with associated local atelectasis, and lung cancer was suspected. Read More

Eur Radiol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, Comprehensive Cancer Center, 229, cours de l'Argonne, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.

Objectives: SMARCA4-deficient thoracic sarcoma (SMARCA4-DTS) is a recently identified aggressive subtype of sarcoma. The aim of this study was to characterize the CT imaging features of SMARCA4-DTS.

Methods: From June 2011 to May 2017, 21 adult patients with histologically proven SMARCA4-DTS were identified in the radiological database of 2 French sarcoma reference centers with at least one chest CT scan available. Read More

Am Surg 2019 Jan;85(1):39-45

The aim of this study was to compare postoperative outcomes after robotic-assisted and laparoscopic bariatric sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Sleeve gastrectomy is traditionally performed using laparoscopic techniques. Robotic-assisted surgery enables surgeons to perform minimally invasive SG, but with unknown benefits. Read More

J Bras Pneumol 2019 Feb 11;45(1):e20170373. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

. Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - InCor/HC-FMUSP - São Paulo (SP) Brasil.

Objective: Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) is a surgical treatment for PE. During the procedure, a specialized introducer is used to tunnel across the mediastinum for thoracoscopic insertion of a metal bar. There have been reported cases of cardiac perforation during this risky step. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2018 31;5(1):000737. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Serviço de Medicina Interna B, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

An 84-year-old woman had five episodes of pneumonia in 4 months. Despite extensive comorbidities and advanced age, her health status was good and the recurrence seemed unjustified. Exhaustive background investigation revealed 14 episodes of right-sided pneumonias during the 3 previous years and an inconclusive investigation with CT of the thorax and bronchofibroscopy, despite some fibrotic and atelectasic alterations in the right middle lobe. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Dec;10(12):6950-6959

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Background: Despite advances in bronchoscopy, its diagnostic yield for peripheral lung lesions continues to be suboptimal. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) could be utilized to corroborate the accuracy of our bronchoscopic navigation and hopefully increase its diagnostic yield. However, data on radiation exposure and feasibility of CBCT-guided bronchoscopy is scarce. Read More

Radiographics 2019 Mar-Apr;39(2):321-343. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

From the Departments of Radiology (J.D.S., J.T.S., S.M.J., M.L.R.d.C.), Cardiology (K.K.J.), and Medicine (A.M.), University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo; Department of Radiology, Saint-Luke's Hospital of Kansas City, 4401 Wornall Rd, Kansas City, MO 64111 (J.D.S., S.M.J., M.L.R.d.C.); Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis (S.L.D.); and Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Mo (A.M.).

Orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) is the treatment of choice for end-stage heart disease. As OHT use continues and postoperative survival increases, multimodality imaging evaluation of the transplanted heart will continue to increase. Although some of the imaging is performed and interpreted by cardiologists, a substantial proportion of images are read by radiologists. Read More

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

School of Medicine, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Questions: 1. What is your diagnosis?Atelectasis.Pneumothorax. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 31;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Pathology, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal.

Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma is an extremely rare intrathoracic malignancy, comprising less than 1% of all lung tumours. These are very slow growing and are classified into low grade and high grade based on histological features. Surgical resection is the primary treatment with excellent outcomes, while chemotherapy or radiotherapy effectiveness is not known. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Feb;132(4):431-436

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070 China.

Background: Primary pulmonary malignancies (PPMs) and non-pulmonary malignancies (PNPMs) may result in airway stenosis requiring stenting. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the clinical features and stent placement outcomes of airway stenosis caused by PPMs and PNPMs.

Methods: A total of 141 patients with malignant airway stenosis who underwent Micro-Tech stent placements between January 2004 and October 2017 at Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University were divided into PPM (n = 100) and PNPM groups (n = 41). Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018 Dec;45(13):2177-2179

Dept. of Breast Surgery, Kansai Medical University Medical Center.

A69 -year-old woman was diagnosed as having local advanced breast cancer. She was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy( AC followed by paclitaxel)and followed up with left total mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer(pT3N1aM0, Stage ⅢA, ER positive, PgR positive, and HER2 negative). She received adjuvant therapy with chest wall irradiation and an aromatase inhibitor. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2019 Feb 3;122(2):277-285. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Nuffield Division of Anaesthetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College, London, UK; Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Tidal recruitment/derecruitment (R/D) of collapsed regions in lung injury has been presumed to cause respiratory oscillations in the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO). These phenomena have not yet been studied simultaneously. We examined the relationship between R/D and PaO oscillations by contemporaneous measurement of lung-density changes and PaO. Read More

Tuberk Toraks 2018 Dec;66(4):325-333

Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.

Introduction: To evaluate the spectrum and frequency of abnormal chest multidedector computed tomography (MDCT) findings in Behcet's disease(BD).

Materials And Methods: Chest MDCT scans of 44 patients referred to radiology department for chest symptoms those had prior or newly established diagnosis of BD between 2009-2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Abnormal findings within pulmonary artery (PA), lungs, other large vessels, heart, mediastinum, pleura and pericardium were noted. Read More

Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2019 Mar 23;27(3):228-230. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

Endobronchial metastasis from extrapulmonary solid tumors is rare, and endobronchial metastasis from the prostate is even more unusual. An 80-year-old patient presented with significant dyspnea secondary to metastatic stromal cell sarcoma of the prostate, which occluded the right main bronchus. The tumor, causing complete collapse of the right lung, was found on computed tomography and confirmed by bronchoscopy. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Virology, Ricardo Gutiérrez Children's Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Background: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in children. We aimed to describe the clinical-epidemiological pattern and risk factors for mortality associated with RSV infection.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study of ALRI in children admitted to the Children's Hospital among 2000-2017. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Departments of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Structural lung changes seen on computed tomography (CT) scans in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) are currently described using scoring systems derived from CF populations. This practise assumes lung damage in the two conditions is identical, potentially resulting in a failure to identify PCD-specific changes. Our study addresses this assumption. Read More

Pol J Radiol 2018 3;83:e407-e414. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey.

Purpose: To determine the risk factors of pneumothorax and chest tube placement after computed tomography-guided core needle lung biopsy (CT-CNB).

Material And Methods: Variables that could increase the risk of pneumothorax and chest tube placement were retrospectively analysed in 822 CT-CNBs conducted with 18-gauge non-coaxial CT-CNB in 813 patients (646 men and 167 women; range: 18-90 years; mean: 59.8 years). Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Mar 15;212(3):655-664. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

4 Neurology Division, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.

Objective: The objective of our study was to identify the clinical features and imaging findings of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in children.

Materials And Methods: During the study period, ACS was diagnosed in 50 children, 14 of whom underwent CT or MRI. We reviewed the medical records of the 50 children to obtain clinical information, such as underlying risk factors, therapeutic approach, and clinical outcome, and we evaluated the CT and MRI examinations of the 14 children. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8560, Japan.

Background: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of the Nuss procedure for patients with pectus excavatum (PE) with a history of intrathoracic surgery.

Patients: From April 2010 to December 2013, we performed 6 cases of PE repair in patients with a history of intrathoracic surgery. The causes of previous operations were congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation in 4 patients and congenital diaphragmatic hernia in 2. Read More

Thorax 2019 Mar 12;74(3):219-228. Epub 2019 Jan 12.

Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

Background: In acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary perfusion failure increases physiologic dead space ventilation (V/V), leading to a decline of the alveolar CO concentration [CO]. Although it has been shown that alveolar hypocapnia contributes to formation of atelectasis and surfactant depletion, a typical complication in ARDS, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated so far.

Methods: In isolated perfused rat lungs, cytosolic or mitochondrial Ca concentrations ([Ca] or [Ca], respectively) of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), surfactant secretion and the projected area of alveoli were quantified by real-time fluorescence or bright-field imaging (n=3-7 per group). Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Lariboisière University Hospital, Paris, France.

Objectives/hypothesis: Because delayed post-contrast three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging sequences enable the distinction between the utricle and the saccule, we raised the hypothesis that patients with vestibular atelectasis (VA) could show unilateral collapse of the utricle and the ampullas on imaging.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 200 patients who underwent 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after intravenous administration of gadolinium. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019 Jan;42(1):15-19

Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China.

To analyze the clinical manifestations of patients with endobronchial hamartoma(EH),and therefore to improve understanding of the disease. Data were retrospectively reviewed to describe the clinical characteristics, diagnosis procedures and prognosis of EH, including 5 patients in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from Jun 2007 to Feb 2018 and another 159 patients from Chinese and English literatures published after Jan 2000. The five patients, 4 males and 1 female, aged from 46 to 69 years[mean (56±7) years], were diagnosed with EH in our hospital. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Nov;10(11):6060-6065

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.

Background: The aim of this current retrospective study was to assess the necessity of postoperative antifungal therapy for pulmonary aspergilloma (PA) patients who underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lung resection.

Methods: We enrolled 22 PA patients who underwent VATS lung resection between 2014 and 2018. Of these, 12 patients were prescribed antifungal agents during the perioperative period (group A), and the other 10 were treated with surgery alone without any antifungal therapy postoperatively (group B). Read More

Neurosurg Rev 2019 Jan 8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, 500 Parnassus Avenue, MU 320W, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0728, USA.

Although symptomatic thoracic disk herniation (TDH) is relatively rare, its treatment is quite difficult. Our aim is to present the outcomes and complications in patients with thoracic disk herniation treated with minimally invasive lateral transthoracic approach (LTTA). Fifty-nine consecutive patients with 69 symptomatic disk herniations that underwent minimally invasive LTTA to treat TDH between 2007 and 2016 were enrolled. Read More