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Phys Rev Lett 2020 Jun;124(23):232502

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany.

We report on a comparison between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured spectra of the first-forbidden nonunique β-decay transition ^{137}Xe(7/2^{-})→^{137}Cs(7/2^{+}). The experimental data were acquired by the EXO-200 experiment during a deployment of an AmBe neutron source. The ultralow background environment of EXO-200, together with dedicated source deployment and analysis procedures, allowed for collection of a pure sample of the decays, with an estimated signal to background ratio of more than 99 to 1 in the energy range from 1075 to 4175 keV. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Jun;124(23):231101

Centre for Astrophysics and Cosmology, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, 5270 Ajdovščina, Slovenia.

During a core-collapse supernova (SN), axionlike particles (ALPs) could be produced through the Primakoff process and subsequently convert into γ rays in the magnetic field of the Milky Way. We do not find evidence for such a γ-ray burst in observations of extragalactic SNe with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The SN explosion times are estimated from optical light curves and we find a probability of about ∼90% that the LAT observed at least one SN at the time of the core collapse. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Jun;124(22):225001

Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

For more than 40 years, most astrophysical observations and laboratory studies of two key soft x-ray diagnostic 2p-3d transitions, 3C and 3D, in Fe XVII ions found oscillator strength ratios f(3C)/f(3D) disagreeing with theory, but uncertainties had precluded definitive statements on this much studied conundrum. Here, we resonantly excite these lines using synchrotron radiation at PETRA III, and reach, at a millionfold lower photon intensities, a 10 times higher spectral resolution, and 3 times smaller uncertainty than earlier work. Our final result of f(3C)/f(3D)=3. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jun 10;10(1):9405. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

This study investigates the x-ray scattering characteristics of microsphere particles in x-ray-grating-based interferometric imaging at different concentrations, bubble sizes and tube voltages (kV). Attenuation (ATI), dark-field (DFI) and phase-contrast (PCI) images were acquired. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios with water (CNR) and air as reference (CNR) were determined. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Apr;124(16):161101

Gravitation Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam (GRAPPA), Institute for Theoretical Physics Amsterdam and Delta Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090 GL Amsterdam, Netherlands.

We propose a multimessenger probe of QCD axion dark matter based on observations of black hole-neutron star binary inspirals. It is suggested that a dense dark matter spike may grow around intermediate mass black holes (10^{3}-10^{5}  M_{⊙}). The presence of such a spike produces two unique effects: a distinct phase shift in the gravitational wave strain during the inspiral and an enhancement of the radio emission due to the resonant axion-photon conversion occurring in the neutron star magnetosphere throughout the inspiral and merger. Read More

Science 2020 05;368(6491)

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA.

Van den Heuvel and Tauris argue that if the red giant star in the system 2MASS J05215658+4359220 has a mass of 1 solar mass (), then its unseen companion could be a binary composed of two 0.9 stars, making a triple system. We contend that the existing data are most consistent with a giant of mass [Formula: see text] , implying a black hole companion of [Formula: see text] . Read More

Inorg Chem 2020 May 5;59(10):7049-7055. Epub 2020 May 5.

Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario Canada, K7L 3N6.

The investigations of bismuth halide chemistry in DMSO/MeOH solutions led to the discovery of a new solvent-stabilized compound with a chemical formula of CsBiBr·3DMSO. In addition, a new phase of CsBiBr was generated as a result of a crystal-to-crystal transition driven by the change in the solvent composition. The solvent stabilized CsBiBr·3DMSO adopts an orthorhombic 222 type crystal structure with unit cell dimension of = 13. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Apr;124(13):131101

Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.

Because of the high energies and long distances to the sources, astrophysical observations provide a unique opportunity to test possible signatures of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV). Superluminal LIV enables the decay of photons at high energy. The high altitude water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is among the most sensitive gamma-ray instruments currently operating above 10 TeV. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Mar;124(10):105101

Astrophysical Institute, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.

We use the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) to probe the dynamics of the stepping process of negatively charged plasma channels (negative leaders) in a lightning discharge. We observe that at each step of a leader, multiple pulses of vhf (30-80 MHz) radiation are emitted in short-duration bursts (<10  μs). This is evidence for streamer formation during corona flashes that occur with each leader step, which has not been observed before in natural lightning and it could help explain x-ray emission from lightning leaders, as x rays from laboratory leaders tend to be associated with corona flashes. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Mar;124(9):092301

Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (K[over ¯]N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation function at low pair-frame relative momentum of (K^{+}p⊕K^{-}p[over ¯]) and (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}p[over ¯]) pairs measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=5, 7, and 13 TeV are reported. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Mar;124(9):091101

California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA.

We report the observation of radar echoes from the ionization trails of high-energy particle cascades. Data were taken at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, where the full electron beam (∼10^{9}  e^{-} at ∼10  GeV/e^{-}) was directed into a plastic target to simulate an ultrahigh-energy neutrino interaction. The target was interrogated with radio waves, and coherent radio reflections from the cascades were detected with properties consistent with theoretical expectations. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Feb;124(5):051103

III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1  TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Feb;124(5):051801

Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.

If the length scale of possible extra dimensions is large enough, the effective Planck scale is lowered such that microscopic black holes could be produced in collisions of high-energy particles at colliders. These black holes evaporate through Hawking radiation of a handful of energetic particles drawn from the set of all kinematically and thermally allowed degrees of freedom, including dark matter. Here, we perform the first numerical black hole spectroscopic study of the dark sector. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Jan;124(3):031101

Astrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.

We introduce the galaxy intensity mapping cross-correlation estimator (GIMCO), which is a new tomographic estimator for the gravitational lensing potential, based on a combination of intensity mapping (IM) and galaxy number counts. The estimator can be written schematically as IM(z_{f})×galaxy(z_{b})-galaxy(z_{f})×IM(z_{b}) for a pair of distinct redshifts (z_{f},z_{b}); this combination allows to greatly reduce the contamination by density-density correlations, thus isolating the lensing signal. As an estimator constructed only from cross-correlations, it is additionally less susceptible to systematic effects. Read More

Astrobiology 2020 Mar 6;20(3):394-404. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Dpto. de Ciencias de la Vida, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate for the first time spore viability in the stratosphere through spore germination and its complete life cycle. These protozoan spores were flown by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility (CSBF) flight 667NT, launched from its base in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. spores were exposed to stratospheric conditions on board the NASA/CSBF 667 balloon flight for 9 h. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2020 Jan;124(2):021102

Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.

We present the first catalog of gamma-ray sources emitting above 56 and 100 TeV with data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory, a wide field-of-view observatory capable of detecting gamma rays up to a few hundred TeV. Nine sources are observed above 56 TeV, all of which are likely galactic in origin. Three sources continue emitting past 100 TeV, making this the highest-energy gamma-ray source catalog to date. Read More

Med Phys 2020 Apr 21;47(4):1813-1826. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics (ECAP), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: X-ray dark-field radiography could enhance mammography by providing more information on imaged tissue and microcalcifications. The dark field signal is a measure of small angle scattering and can thus provide additional information on the imaged materials. This information can be useful for material distinction of calcifications and the diagnosis of breast cancer by classifying benign and malign association of these calcifications. Read More

Chemosphere 2020 Apr 18;245:125673. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Environmental Sciences Section, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Scheme VII-M, Kolkata, 700054, India; National Facility on Astroparticle Physics and Space Science, Bose Institute, 16 A J C Bose Road, Darjeeling, 734101, India. Electronic address:

Depletion of chloride from sea-salt aerosols affects their hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei activity as well as microphysical and chemical properties of aerosols and clouds modifying earth-atmosphere radiative balance. Here, we proposed five possible reaction pathways through which the inorganic acids (HSO and HNO) could deplete chloride from sea-salt aerosols. We determined "maximum potential contribution" (MPC) of each acid and compared the MPC with actual chloride depletion. Read More

PLoS One 2020 9;15(1):e0227584. Epub 2020 Jan 9.

Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S.N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Ultrasensitive detection of heavy metal ions in available water around us is a great challenge for scientists since long time. We developed an optical technique that combines Rayleigh scattering of UV light (365 nm) and post-sample fluorescence detection from colloidal silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) having a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 420 nm. The efficacy of the technique is tested by the detection of several model toxic ions, including mercury, lead, and methylmercury in aqueous media. Read More

J Dairy Sci 2020 Feb 27;103(2):1366-1376. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata: 700 106, India; Department of Chemical, Biological and Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, Salt Lake, Kolkata: 700 106, India. Electronic address:

Riboflavin (RF), commonly known as vitamin B, is an essential ingredient in any milk variety of animal origin. The photophysics of the molecule RF, including its interaction with biological macromolecules, are well studied. Here, we have investigated the possibility of the molecule as a potential biomarker of milk quality. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Nov;123(19):192301

Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

The first measurement of the ϒ(1S) elliptic flow coefficient (v_{2}) is performed at forward rapidity (2.5Read More

Nature 2019 11 20;575(7783):464-467. Epub 2019 Nov 20.

Science and Technology Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Huntsville, AL, USA.

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are brief flashes of γ-rays and are considered to be the most energetic explosive phenomena in the Universe. The emission from GRBs comprises a short (typically tens of seconds) and bright prompt emission, followed by a much longer afterglow phase. During the afterglow phase, the shocked outflow-produced by the interaction between the ejected matter and the circumburst medium-slows down, and a gradual decrease in brightness is observed. Read More

Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2019 Dec 11;377(2161):20190382. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Centre for Particle Physics, Physics Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.

MoEDAL is a pioneering LHC experiment designed to search for anomalously ionizing messengers of new physics, such as the magnetic monopole. After a test run at 8 TeV centre-of-mass energy (), it started official data taking at the LHC at an of 13 TeV, in 2015. Its groundbreaking physics program defines a number of scenarios that yield potentially revolutionary insights into such foundational questions as: are there extra dimensions or new symmetries; what is the mechanism for the generation of mass; does magnetic charge exist; do topological particles exist; and what is the nature of dark matter? After a brief introduction, MoEDAL's progress to date will be reported, including its past, current and expected future physics output. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Oct;123(16):161802

Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany.

A search for neutrinoless double-β decay (0νββ) in ^{136}Xe is performed with the full EXO-200 dataset using a deep neural network to discriminate between 0νββ and background events. Relative to previous analyses, the signal detection efficiency has been raised from 80.8% to 96. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Oct;123(14):142301

Università di Brescia.

Measurements of anisotropic flow coefficients (v_{n}) and their cross-correlations using two- and multiparticle cumulant methods are reported in collisions of pp at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, p-Pb at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, Xe-Xe at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.44  TeV, and Pb-Pb at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Sep;123(13):131803

Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

We show that the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), with significant but feasible new efforts, has the potential to deliver world-leading results in solar neutrinos. With a 100  kton-yr exposure, DUNE could detect ≳10^{5} signal events above 5 MeV electron energy. Separate precision measurements of neutrino-mixing parameters and the ^{8}B flux could be made using two detection channels (ν_{e}+^{40}Ar and ν_{e,μ,τ}+e^{-}) and the day-night effect (>10σ). Read More

Science 2019 11;366(6465):637-640

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Western Washington University, Mail Stop 9164, Bellingham, WA, 98225, USA.

Black hole binary systems with companion stars are typically found via their x-ray emission, generated by interaction and accretion. Noninteracting binaries are expected to be plentiful in the Galaxy but must be observed using other methods. We combine radial velocity and photometric variability data to show that the bright, rapidly rotating giant star 2MASS J05215658+4359220 is in a binary system with a massive unseen companion. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Sep;123(11):111301

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8582, Japan.

Axion dark matter differentiates the phase velocities of the circular-polarized photons. In this Letter, a scheme to measure the phase difference by using a linear optical cavity is proposed. If the scheme is applied to the Fabry-Pérot arm of Advanced-LIGO-like (Cosmic-Explorer-Like) gravitational wave detector, the potential sensitivity to the axion-photon coupling constant, g_{aγ}, reaches g_{aγ}≃8×10^{-13}  GeV^{-1}(4×10^{-14}  GeV^{-1}) at the axion mass m≃3×10^{-13}  eV (2×10^{-15}  eV) and remains at around this sensitivity for three orders of magnitude in mass. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Sep;123(11):112002

Università di Brescia.

This Letter presents the first experimental observation of the attractive strong interaction between a proton and a multistrange baryon (hyperon) Ξ^{-}. The result is extracted from two-particle correlations of combined p-Ξ^{-}⊕p[over ¯]-Ξ[over ¯]^{+} pairs measured in p-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the LHC with ALICE. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Aug;123(9):091102

Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

We show that coherent transition radiation from the electrically neutral transverse geomagnetic current (CTR-GM) in a cosmic-ray air shower provides a natural, standard model, explanation to the recent "anomalous" events observed by the ANITA detector. We demonstrate that for zenith angles less than ∼70°, combined with high surface elevation, the inclusion of CTR-GM can significantly alter the emitted electric field from a cosmic-ray air shower. CTR-GM therefore has to be included in the radio emission models to provide a full description of the radio emission from a high-energy cosmic-ray air shower traversing a dielectric boundary. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Jun;122(24):241605

Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Universitat de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parc Científic, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.

We determine the gravitational interaction between two compact bodies up to the sixth power in Newton's constant, G_{N}, in the static limit. This result is achieved within the effective field theory approach to general relativity, and exploits a manifest factorization property of static diagrams which allows us to derive static post Newtonian (PN) contributions of (2n+1) order in terms of lower order ones. We recompute in this fashion the 1PN and 3PN static potential, and present the novel 5PN contribution. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 May;122(21):211301

Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics (CAP), Université de Genève, 24 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

There has recently been renewed interest in the possibility that the dark matter in the Universe consists of primordial black holes (PBHs). Current observational constraints leave only a few PBH mass ranges for this possibility. One of them is around 10^{-12}  M_{⊙}. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jun 25;9(1):9216. Epub 2019 Jun 25.

Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.

The X-ray dark-field signal can be measured with a grating-based Talbot-Lau interferometer. It measures small angle scattering of micrometer-sized oriented structures. Interestingly, the signal is a function not only of the material, but also of the relative orientation of the sample, the X-ray beam direction, and the direction of the interferometer sensitivity. Read More

Appl Radiat Isot 2019 Sep 7;151:157-165. Epub 2019 Jun 7.

University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.

Changes in cosmic-ray intensity can significantly influence the search for rare events or processes in nuclear and astroparticle physics through corresponding variations in detector background count rate. In this work, we present an approach to explore cosmic-ray intensity and corresponding cascade production of secondary particles in the detector vicinity using low-energy photon background spectra induced by cosmic rays at the earth's surface. The coincidence system based on a plastic scintillator and an extended range HPGe detector, including a multiparameter device, was used for the acquisition of low-energy photon spectra. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 May;122(19):191101

Astronomical Institute, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.

We find that the polarimetric observations of protoplanetary disks are useful to search for ultralight axion dark matter. Axion dark matter predicts the rotation of the linear polarization plane of propagating light, and protoplanetary disks are ideal targets to observe it. We show that a recent observation puts the tightest constraint on the axion-photon coupling constant for an axion mass m≲10^{-21}  eV. Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 May;122(18):181102

Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan.

In this paper, we present the analysis and results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum with the CALET instrument onboard the International Space Station, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties. The observation period used in this analysis is from October 13, 2015 to August 31, 2018 (1054 days). We have achieved the very wide energy range necessary to carry out measurements of the spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeV covering, for the first time in space, with a single instrument the whole energy interval previously investigated in most cases in separate subranges by magnetic spectrometers (BESS-TeV, PAMELA, and AMS-02) and calorimetric instruments (ATIC, CREAM, and NUCLEON). Read More

Phys Rev Lett 2019 Apr;122(15):151101

Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.

The flavor composition of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos is a rich observable. However, present analyses cannot effectively distinguish particle showers induced by ν_{e} vs ν_{τ}. We show that this can be accomplished by measuring the intensities of the delayed, collective light emission from muon decays and neutron captures, which are, on average, greater for ν_{τ} than for ν_{e}. Read More

Nature 2019 05 29;569(7756):374-377. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.

Powerful relativistic jets are one of the main ways in which accreting black holes provide kinetic feedback to their surroundings. Jets launched from or redirected by the accretion flow that powers them are expected to be affected by the dynamics of the flow, which for accreting stellar-mass black holes has shown evidence for precession due to frame-dragging effects that occur when the black-hole spin axis is misaligned with the orbital plane of its companion star. Recently, theoretical simulations have suggested that the jets can exert an additional torque on the accretion flow, although the interplay between the dynamics of the accretion flow and the launching of the jets is not yet understood. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Jul 12;674:223-233. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

National Facility on Astroparticle Physics and Space Science, Bose Institute, 16 A J C Bose Road, Darjeeling 734101, India; Center for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science, Bose Institute, Block-EN, Sector-V, Kolkata 700091, India.

The major removal pathway of atmospheric aerosols is the below cloud scavenging. The present study is the first-ever in the world, where long-term (2009-2018) as well as real-time observations on the below-cloud scavenging of ultrafine (<0.4 μm), superfine (0. Read More

Value Health Reg Issues 2019 May 19;18:97-105. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL or utility) is a complex issue especially in children with temporary health states.

Objectives: To assess the utility of prone positioning as a prophylactic postsurgical approach with the aid of 5 frequently used general instruments.

Methods: Visual analogue scale (VAS), time trade-off (TTO), modified TTO (m-TTO), standard gamble (SG), and chain of gambles (ChGs) instruments and interview with the parent caregivers were used to measure the HRQOL (utility value) of patients who were admitted in the surgical wards of Children's Medical Center Hospital between July and November 2015. Read More

Mon Not R Astron Soc 2019 May 26;485(2):2492-2504. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Previous studies have shown the filamentary structures in the cosmic web influence the alignments of nearby galaxies. We study this effect in the LOWZ sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using the 'Cosmic Web Reconstruction' filament catalogue. We find that LOWZ galaxies exhibit a small but statistically significant alignment in the direction parallel to the orientation of nearby filaments. Read More

Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2019 17;79(1):38. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Particle Physics at the Tera-scale, Melbourne, Australia.

We present global analyses of effective Higgs portal dark matter models in the frequentist and Bayesian statistical frameworks. Complementing earlier studies of the scalar Higgs portal, we use GAMBIT to determine the preferred mass and coupling ranges for models with vector, Majorana and Dirac fermion dark matter. We also assess the relative plausibility of all four models using Bayesian model comparison. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 03 12;9(1):4199. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.

Compared to conventional attenuation x-ray radiographic imaging, the x-ray Talbot-Lau technique provides further information about the scattering and the refractive properties of the object in the beam path. Hence, this additional information should improve the diagnostic process concerning medical applications and non-destructive testing. Nevertheless, until now, due to grating fabrication process, Talbot-Lau imaging suffers from small grating sizes (70 mm diameter). Read More