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Clin Ophthalmol 2021 14;15:2455-2472. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Motwani LASIK Institute, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.

Purpose: To investigate the outcomes of the treatment of keratoconus/corneal ectasia utilizing topographic-guided ablation (WaveLight Contoura) followed by corneal cross-linking.

Methods: Thirty-six eyes of 21 patients were treated for keratoconus/corneal ectasia utilizing topographic guided ablation photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for treatment of corneal higher-order aberrations and refractive error followed immediately by 15-minute cross-linking were examined retrospectively. Six-month results were analyzed via measurement of vision, refraction, residual higher-order aberrations (HOAs), residual lower-order and higher-order aberrations, as well as for loss or gains of lines of best-corrected visual acuity. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2021 9;15:2403-2410. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Purpose: To present the long-term outcomes of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) combined with accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) for refractive error correction in a series of keratoconus suspects.

Setting: University practice.

Design: Retrospective case series. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Purpose: To identify factors associated with changes in the posterior cornea curvature following laser refractive surgery.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included myopic astigmatic eyes that underwent PRK between January 2013 and December 2013 at Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel-Aviv, Israel. The average posterior K was measured with the Sirius device at a radius of 3 mm from the center. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2021 23;15:1735-1749. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Ophthalmology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Purpose Of The Study: To compare visual outcome, higher order aberrations (HOAs) of topography guided and Q value adjusted ablation in the fellow eye of patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods: Prospective randomized controlled interventional clinical study. The eyes of 52 patients undergoing PRK for myopia and astigmatism were included, that is, 104 eyes in total. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2021 Apr 16;21(1):181. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Augenlaserzentrum Neu-Ulm, Edisonallee 19, 89231, Neu-Ulm, Germany.

Purpose: To compare early clinical outcomes of single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (tPRK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) regarding refractive outcome, visual acuity, wound healing, pain intensity and visual recovery time.d.

Methods: In this prospective clinical observational study 200 eyes of 100 consecutive patients with mild to moderate myopia with or without mild astigmatism were included. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2021 Mar 24. Epub 2021 Mar 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Airport Road, P.O. Box 245, Riyadh, 11411, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To assess the safety and effectiveness of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) in patients with mild myopia using the Schwind Amaris 750 s Excimer laser system which take corneal epithelium variability in consideration during ablation.

Methods: A prospective case series study of patients with mild myopia with or without astigmatism (spherical equivalent ≤ -3 diopters), who underwent T-PRK as a single-step treatment, was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh between May 2017 and January 2018. The main outcomes included postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), residual refraction (manifest refraction) and complications. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2021 Jun 22;41(6):2091-2098. Epub 2021 Mar 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.

Purpose: To compare the refractive outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopic astigmatism of 3 diopters (D) or more.

Study Design: Retrospective matched comparative study.

Methods: This study include consecutive myopic patients (SE 0 to -10 D) undergoing LASIK or PRK between 2007 and 2016 with astigmatism of 3 to 6 D, and postoperative follow-up of at least 30 days for LASIK and 60 days for PRK, compared outcomes of LASIK and PRK eyes. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Mar 16;15(1):122. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Takayanagi EYE Clinic, Sapporo S1 Building 3F, Nishi4-20-5, Minami1-jo, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0807, Japan.

Background: Corneal refractive surgeries cause epithelial damage and induce wound healing processes. To promote wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy, the effectiveness of an autologous platelet tissue graft was assessed.

Case Presentation: A 45-year-old Asian male with low myopia and/or myopic astigmatism received photorefractive keratectomy in both eyes. Read More

Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2021 Jan-Dec;13:2515841420988215. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Purpose: In Epi-Bowman Keratectomy™ (EBK), a new dynamic multi-blade single-use device (Epi-Clear™, Orca Surgical, Israel) is utilized to remove the epithelium by sweeping movements across the corneal surface. Epithelial cells are discarded. Alcohol or other chemical agents are not utilized. Read More

Vision (Basel) 2021 Feb 3;5(1). Epub 2021 Feb 3.

AURELIOS, Augenlaserzentrum Recklinghausen, Erlbruch 34-36, 45657 Recklinghausen, Germany.

Purpose: We evaluated the refractive visual outcomes and efficacy of Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy (TransPRK) using Smart Pulse Technology with static and dynamic cyclotorsion and the AMARIS 1050 Hz RS laser platform from Schwind in the eyes after a refractive lens exchange. Setting/Venue: Aurelios Augenlaserzentrum, Recklinghausen.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of 552 consecutive eyes treated with refractive lens exchange between 2016 and 2019. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2021 Mar 30;10(1):175-185. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Hoopes Vision Research Center, Hoopes Vision, Draper, UT, USA.

Introduction: The efficacy and safety of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) has been well documented, but outcomes of PRK enhancement following PRK remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and predictability of PRK enhancement in patients with residual refractive error after primary PRK and compare these results to prior studies as well as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) safety and efficacy clinical endpoints.

Methods: This non-randomized, retrospective chart analysis included eyes with a history of PRK that underwent PRK enhancement at a single center. Read More

J Med Life 2020 Oct-Dec;13(4):523-529

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

Refractive eye surgeries are one of the most non-emergent ophthalmic surgeries due to the effect on the reduction of refractive errors, increasing visual acuity, enhancing the quality of vision, and indirectly increasing the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to determine Pentacam indices in the patients who underwent photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) during 2014-2018, as well as to show their correlation with the type of refractive error. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 2215 eyes of 1125 patients undergoing PRK surgery. Read More

Acta Inform Med 2020 Sep;28(3):180-184

Department of Ophthalmology, Rijeka University Hospital, Rijeka, Croatia.

Introduction: T Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (Fs-LASIK) are reftactive surgery methods for treating myopia and myopic astigmatism. Although T-PRK obtains similar results to Fs-LASIK with spherical myopia, it has differences in astigmatism correction. Vector analysis is a perfect tool to see the real difference between these two methods regarding astigmatic refraction and visual acuity. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2020 18;13(12):1955-1960. Epub 2020 Dec 18.

Center of Excellence in Ophthalmology, Pará de Minas 35660-051, Brazil.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical results after implantation of a new intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) associated with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to correct high myopia (HM) patients with thin corneas.

Methods: We evaluated 42 eyes of 23 HM patients that had ICRS implantation followed by PRK. The mean age of patients was 29. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 12 18;12:CD012687. Epub 2020 Dec 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Background: Refractive errors (conditions in which the eye fails to focus objects accurately on the retina due to defects in the refractive system), are the most common cause of visual impairment. Myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are low-order aberrations, usually corrected with spectacles, contact lenses, or conventional refractive surgery. Higher-order aberrations (HOAs) can be quantified with wavefront aberration instruments and corrected using wavefront-guided or wavefront-optimized laser surgery. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 9;14:4337-4346. Epub 2020 Dec 9.

Hoopes Vision Research Center, Hoopes Vision, Draper, UT, USA.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of sequential posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PC-pIOL) with corneal refractive surgery in conventional (PC-pIOL prior to refractive surgery) and reverse (refractive surgery prior to PC-pIOL) bioptics for treating high myopic astigmatism.

Setting: Tertiary refractive center, Draper, Utah, USA.

Design: Retrospective case series. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Dec 16. Epub 2020 Dec 16.

School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Purpose: To evaluate the anti-haze effect and visual outcome after intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) use during photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in myopia or myopic astigmatism patients.

Methods: We searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar comprehensively to obtain studies comparing the clinical effects after PRK with and without MMC published until February 2020. Meta-analysis of primary outcome (corneal haze rate) and secondary outcomes [predictability, efficacy, safety and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD)] were conducted. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Dec 14:1120672120980346. Epub 2020 Dec 14.

Assuta Optic Laser Center, Assuta Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (Trans-PRK) with femtosecond laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for the correction of low to moderate myopia.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was used. The study group included patients with myopia less than -6. Read More

J Refract Surg 2020 Dec;36(12):844-850

Purpose: To determine the volumes altered during photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.

Methods: The volumes of stromal tissue affected by surgical correction of pure and astigmatic myopia were calculated in this theoretical study for PRK, LASIK, and SMILE treatments. These results were then used to calculate representative values for percent volume altered (PVA) restricted to stromal corneal tissue. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Dec 9:1120672120978885. Epub 2020 Dec 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of femtosecond laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) with transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK) for the correction of high-grade astigmatism.

Methods: Medical records of patients with astigmatism of 2 diopters (D) or higher, who were treated with FS-LASIK or T-PRK in 2013 through 2014 at a private practice laser clinic, were retrospectively analyzed. Efficacy, safety, predictability and vector analysis of astigmatism correction were compared between the treatment groups. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Nov 25:1120672120974946. Epub 2020 Nov 25.

Dhami Eye Care Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Purpose: To report a case series of anterior uveitis after Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy (TransPRK) and determine its incidence, demographics and associated clinical features over a study period of 1 year.

Methods: This retrospective case series comprised of 200 eyes (100 patients) which underwent elective TransPRK surgery for ametropia correction at a tertiary eye care center by two refractive surgeons over 1 year. TransPRK was performed on Streamlight software (EX500, Alcon Wavelight, Inc. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Dec;68(12):2847-2855

Department of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Over the past two decades, excimer laser-based refractive surgery procedures have been successfully established for their safety and satisfactory visual outcomes. Surface ablation procedures or photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) are practised commonly for the correction of refractive errors including myopia, astigmatism and hyperopia. Satisfactory visual outcomes are achieved in majority of cases, although a very small percentage have issues related to corneal haze, regression, and its associated visual disturbances. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Dec;68(12):2757-2772

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland.

The past two decades have witnessed an unprecedented evolution in the management of keratoconus that demands a holistic approach comprising of inhibiting the ectatic progression as well as visual rehabilitation. The advent of corneal cross-linking (CXL) in the late 1990s resulted in long-term stabilization of the ectatic cornea along with limited reduction in corneal steepening and regularization of corneal curvature. However, CXL as a standalone procedure does not suffice in rehabilitating the functional vision especially in patients who are unwilling or intolerant towards contact lenses. Read More

J Refract Surg 2020 Nov;36(11):766-771

Purpose: To describe the use of topography-guided custom ablation treatment with photorefractive keratectomy (T-CAT PRK) to correct irregular astigmatism and visual aberrations resulting from decentered small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods: Case report and literature review.

Results: A 41-year-old woman experienced blurred uncorrected distance acuity (UDVA), reduced corrected distance acuity (CDVA), and monocular diplopia in one eye following SMILE due to treatment decentration. Read More

Cornea 2021 Jan;40(1):78-87

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (TG-PRK) for postkeratoplasty refractive error correction.

Methods: A retrospective interventional case series of 54 eyes of 50 patients who underwent previous corneal transplants. Unaided distance visual acuity (UDVA) and best corrected visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, mean central keratometric value, mean keratometric astigmatism, and postoperative complications were reviewed. Read More

PLoS One 2020 11;15(9):e0238399. Epub 2020 Sep 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain.

Purpose: To analyze the influence of the final spherical equivalent (SE) in LogMAR uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) one year after refractive surgery. We analysed refractive results, their predictability and efficacy, and the safety results of the different methods as secondary outcomes.

Setting: Refractive Surgery Unit of the Institut Català de Retina (ICR) in Barcelona, Spain. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2020 11 6;200:108218. Epub 2020 Sep 6.

The Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

This review details the current understanding of the mechanism of action and corneal effects of mitomycin C (MMC) for prophylactic prevention of stromal fibrosis after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), and includes discussion of available information on dosage and exposure time recommended for MMC during PRK. MMC is an alkylating agent, with DNA-crosslinking activity, that inhibits DNA replication and cellular proliferation. It acts as a pro-drug and requires reduction in the tissue to be converted to an active agent capable of DNA alkylation. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2021 Jan 8;41(1):303-314. Epub 2020 Sep 8.

Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, 515041, China.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and aberration-free transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (AF t-PRK) in patients with low to moderate myopic astigmatism, including visual acuity, refractive outcomes, astigmatic vector analysis and corneal aberrometric changes.

Method: This retrospective comparative case series study involved 110 right eyes of 110 patients who underwent either SMILE (55 eyes) or AF t-PRK (55 eyes). Visual acuity, manifest refractive error and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were measured and analyzed at baseline, 1 month and 3 months after operation. Read More

Acta Inform Med 2020 Jun;28(2):98-102

University Eye Hospital ''Svjetlost'' Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Rijeka, Croatia.

Introduction: Refractive surgery procedures, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (T-PRK), and femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (Fs-LASIK) are regarded as safe and efficacious methods for correcting myopia and myopic astigmatism. These two methods do not have many differences in results when treating spherical myopia while differences exist in the treatment of astigmatism correction. Vector analysis presents a powerful tool to show the real differences between these two methods regarding high ocular aberrations and central corneal thickness of treated eyes. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Sep 9;19:100820. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Sadalla Amin Ghanem Eye Hospital, Joinville, SC, Brazil.

Purpose: To report a case of late-onset corneal haze 3 months after intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation in an eye with previous transepithelial topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (TG-PRK).

Observations: A 40-year-old woman with stable keratoconus for 10 years underwent limited TG-PRK with mitomycin C in both eyes for mixed astigmatism. After four years, with atopic symptoms worsening and eye rubbing, the patient presented keratoconus progression in the left eye with increased irregular astigmatism. Read More