Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Geobiology 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.

Environmental fluctuations are recorded in a variety of sedimentary archives of lacustrine depositional systems. Geochemical signals recovered from bottom sediments in closed-basin lakes are among the most sensitive paleoenvironmental indicators and are commonly used in reconstructing lake evolution. Microbialites (i. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Dermatology Department, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.

The histopathological differentiation of melanocytic nevi from malignant melanoma (MM) is based on well-known criteria, and is straightforward in the vast majority of cases. However, there are few cases of melanocytic lesions (ML), the diagnosis of which is very challenging or even impossible. Here we have studied several morphological characteristics with particular focus on elastic fibers (EF) to identify features, helpful for the distinction between nevi and MM. Read More

BMC Oral Health 2018 Dec 13;18(1):214. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Orthodontics, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Background: Mixed dentition space analysis methods using regression equations, namely, Moyers' analysis and Tanaka-Johnston analysis are commonly used around the world. However, the applicability of these analyses among different racial groups have been questioned. The primary objective of this study was to assess the applicability of the Moyers' and Tanaka-Johnston analyses among Nepalese Mongoloids and to develop regression equations for the same population if needed. Read More

Sports Med Int Open 2017 Aug 15;1(5):E183-E187. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

Laboratoire de Biomécanique Appliquée, Aix-Marseille Univ, IFSTTAR, LBA UMR_T24, Marseille, France.

Leg length discrepancies (LLD) are a common reason for podiatry consultations and can affect up to 90% of the overall population. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that intensive participation in certain sports can alter bone development. The aim of this study is to explore any possible relation between playing soccer and the appearance or evolution of LLD, by means of a retrospective study based on the analysis of case reports of patients followed for foot or plantar troubles. Read More

Med Arch 2018 Nov;72(5):374-388

Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Austro-Hungarian monarchy had great impact on healthcare system in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), and consequences of that exist today.

Aim: To launch of the section "The Most Influential Physicians in the Development of Health Care in Bosnia and Herzegovina", in which, within next issues of the Medical Archives will be presented the prominent physicians, dentists and pharmacists who gave contribution to development of healthcare system in B&H.

Results: This paper provides a full overview from the literature about health care circumstances during 150 years in Bosnia and Herzegovina and important of the role health care institutions and of all the doctors working in B&H during the Austro-Hungarian administration. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018 Dec;47(12):936-940

Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological, and molecular characteristics of myoepithelial tumors (MTs) of salivary glands. A total of 37 MTs cases including 13 malignant epithelial tumors (MMTs) and 24 benign epithelial tumors (BMTs) of salivary glands were identified from the archives of the Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, dating from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features, histological patterns, immunohistochemical characteristics and status of EWSR1 gene rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis were reviewed in all cases. Read More

Rech Soins Infirm 2018 09(134):78-93

A forgotten figure of the history of healthcare as well as Quebec's history, Charlotte Tassé (1893-1974) was a figurehead of the professionalization of Quebecoise nurses. This French-Canadian nurse established and ran two nursing schools, launched and directed a professional reference journal for thirty-five years, actively participated in the development of psychiatric nursing in Quebec, owned and managed one of the most important mental healthcare centers in the country, and also created a new class of nurses in Quebec: practical nurses. One of her main achievements was to establish and defend, with tenacity and persistence and through all her endeavors, a unique nursing model that was specific to Quebec: the French-Canadian nurses model. Read More

Arch Toxicol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, UK.

Appl Netw Sci 2016 1;1(1). Epub 2016 Jun 1.

1National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8430 Japan.

In the age of data processing, news videos are rich mines of information. After all, the news are essentially created to convey information to the public. But can we go beyond what is directly presented to us and see a wider picture? Many works already focus on what we can discover and understand from the analysis of years of news broadcasting. Read More

Microb Ecol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK.

Unicellular free-living microbial eukaryotes of the order Arcellinida (Tubulinea; Amoebozoa) and Euglyphida (Cercozoa; SAR), commonly termed testate amoebae, colonise almost every freshwater ecosystem on Earth. Patterns in the distribution and productivity of these organisms are strongly linked to abiotic conditions-particularly moisture availability and temperature-however, the ecological impacts of changes in salinity remain poorly documented. Here, we examine how variable salt concentrations affect a natural community of Arcellinida and Euglyphida on a freshwater sub-Antarctic peatland. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2018 Aug;146(8):913-920

Academia Chilena de Medicina, Chile.

Medical journals are fundamental elements in medical education, in professional life, in research and in academic careers. They communicate new scientific and clinical findings, legitimate and give credibility to biomedical and clinical investigation, are guarantors of the authors' intellectual property, are a useful forum for the discussion of relevant topics, distribute selected information to readers and are archives of their publications. Out of the numerous medical journals appeared before and during the XIXth Century, only 24 of them remain active until today and Revista Médica de Chile appears as number 20 in the list. Read More

Analyst 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC, USR 3224), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.

An analytical approach based on the multivariate analysis of on-line pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) data is proposed for the identification of traditional East Asian handmade papers from different fiber material origins. This approach utilized several biomarkers detected during the Py-GC/MS analysis of paper samples. At first, the total ion chromatogram (TIC) was taken as the response and then the extracted ion chromatograms (EICs) were considered to improve the discrimination of papers. Read More

PLoS One 2018 11;13(12):e0208928. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

US Bureau of Land Management, Vale, Oregon, United States of America.

Riparian and aquatic habitats support biodiversity and key environmental processes in semi-arid and arid landscapes, but stressors such as conventional livestock grazing, wildfire, and drought can degrade their condition. To enhance habitat for fish and wildlife and increase resiliency in these critical areas, land managers in the interior western United States increasingly use alternative grazing strategies, beaver management, or beaver dam surrogates as low-effort, low-expense restoration approaches. In this study we used historical archives of satellite and aerial imagery spanning three decades to characterize riparian vegetation productivity and document beaver dam occurrences, then evaluated vegetation productivity relative to land management associated with livestock grazing and beaver dam densities while accounting for climate and wildfire. Read More

PLoS One 2018 10;13(12):e0208232. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute), Rotorua, New Zealand.

Genomic selection is a proven technology in animal and plant breeding to accelerate genetic gain, but as yet is to be fully realised in forest tree breeding. This paper examines, through stochastic simulation, the potential benefits of genomic selection (GS) over forward selection (FS) in a typical conifer breeding program. Methods of speeding the deployment of selected material were also considered, including top-grafting onto mature seed orchard ortets, using additional replicates of clones in archives for crossing, and embryogenesis and clonal propagation. Read More

Hum Pathol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:

The recent description of noninvasive follicular tumor with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) creates several diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for both the pathologist and the attending clinician. Given the concern about overtreatment of these neoplasms, the best way to manage the patients by a surgical procedure and post-surgical follow-up is still under discussion. We aimed to identify predictors of synchronous disease (eg, bilateral cancers) that can influence the appropriate type of surgery and long-term surveillance. Read More

J Am Dent Assoc 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Background: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a gingival lesion of unknown cause. The purpose of this study is to present a series of LJSGH cases and compare the findings with the literature.

Methods: After obtaining institutional review board approval, cases of biopsy-proven LJSGH from 2008 through 2018 were retrieved from the University of Pittsburgh Oral Pathology Biopsy Service archives and reviewed. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 5;12:CD009269. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

BC Centre on Substance Use, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 611 Powell Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6A 1H2.

Background: Problem alcohol use is common among people who use illicit drugs (PWID) and is associated with adverse health outcomes. It is also an important factor contributing to a poor prognosis among drug users with hepatitis C virus (HCV) as it impacts on progression to hepatic cirrhosis or opioid overdose in PWID.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in PWID (users of opioids and stimulants). Read More

Data Brief 2018 Dec 3;21:1833-1841. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Carnegie Mellon University, United States.

This data article presents a data set comprised of 54 synthetic 3D equiaxed polycrystalline microstructures, the microstructural descriptors for each grain and the stress fields resulting from two sets of crystal plasticity simulations mimicking uniaxial tensile deformation to a total strain of 2%. This is related to the research article entitled "Applied Machine Learning to predict stress hotspots II: Hexagonal Close Packed Materials" (Mangal and Holm, 2018). The microstructures were created using an open source Dream. Read More

BMJ 2018 Dec 5;363:k5056. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

J Adv Nurs 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

The University of Jordan Accreditation and Quality Assurance Center.

Aims: The objectives of this study were to (1) identify nursing journal articles that provoked the most online activity and discussion and (2) assess the association between these articles' altmetric scores and publication characteristics, citation counts; and publishing journals metrics.

Background: Altmetrics, or alternative metrics, have recently emerged as a complementary way of measuring the societal impact of research by assessing the public engagement with research output. To date, no studies have yet investigated the online attention regarding scientific papers published in the nursing field. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Cheng-Kung Road Section 2, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC.

Objective: Nasal septal abscess is an uncommon condition but it can cause potentially life-threatening intracranial complications and cosmetic nasal deformity.

Methods: We analyzed ten years of cases to determine the optimal diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. A retrospective review of case notes from Tri-Service General Hospital archives was performed. Read More

Soc Hist Med 2018 Nov 26;31(4):857-869. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

School of Government and International Affairs, University of Durham, Al-Qasimi Building, Elvet Hill Road, Durham, UK.

This article explores the historic records of the Walgreens Boots Alliance (WBA) Archive, a repository of over 500,000 items chronicling the over 165-year history of Britain's most famous pharmaceutical retailer. It introduces some of the diverse materials present in the collection that would be of interest to social historians of medicine and pharmacy, particularly highlighting resources pertinent to understanding developments in: the formation of pharmaceutical identity; medical advertising; the internationalisation of pharmaceutical and medical retailing; product research and development; and employee welfare. In the light of the recent launch of the first phase of the Boots online catalogue, the article demonstrates ways in which these records could be utilised to better understand the wider social, cultural and political dynamics at play in the development of medicine, health care and pharmacy in Britain over the long twentieth century. Read More

Curr Opin Psychol 2018 Oct 25;28:54-59. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Aarhus University, Interacting Minds Centre, Jens Chr. Skous Vej 4, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.

Numerous scientific studies are conducted on the neurophysiological effects of meditation practices and on the neural correlates of meditative states. However, very few studies have been conducted on the experience associated with contemplative practice: what it is like to meditate - from moment to moment, at different stages of different forms of practice - remains almost invisible in contemporary contemplative science. Recently, 'micro-phenomenological' interview methods have been developed to help us become aware of lived experience and describe it with rigor and precision. Read More

AMA J Ethics 2018 Nov 1;20(11):E1082-1093. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

The manager of the American Medical Association's Department of Records Management and Archives in Chicago, Illinois.

Ten advertisements and labels from the American Medical Association (AMA) Historical Health Fraud and Alternative Medicine Collection illustrate false health beliefs perpetuated in 20th-century medical quackery promotions. This article canvasses some of the claims made and responses to these ads and labels. Read More

J Cytol 2018 Oct-Dec;35(4):247-251

Division of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Introduction: Differentiation between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from benign mimickers is a well-known problem in cytological materials. Recent studies incorporated biological markers into this question and some studies showed that expression of S100P, IMP3, and maspin as well as nonexpression of von Hippel-Lindau gene product (pVHL) were significantly correlated with PDAC. In this study, we aimed to investigate diagnostic value of maspin, IMP3, S100P, and pVHL immunostaining in fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) of pancreatic lesions. Read More

Vaccine 2018 Dec 26;36(52):8131-8137. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Background: China's immunization program is one of the oldest and largest in the world. Rates of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) are comparable to those in high-income countries. The program's evolution has been characterized by ambitious target setting and innovative strategies that have not been widely described. Read More

Anesth Analg 2018 Nov 21. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Annual Meeting is the primary venue for anesthesiologists to present research, share innovations, and build networks. Herein, we describe gender representation for physician speakers at the Annual Meeting relative to the specialty overall. Details of ASA Annual Meeting presentations for individuals and panels were abstracted from the ASA archives for 2011-2016. Read More

J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2018 Dec;48(4):371-377

School of Histories, Languages and Cultures, Larkin Building, Cottingham Road, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK,

Axes, knives, truncheons and several home-made weapons are some of the feature pieces of a newly deposited collection within the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh archive. This paper uses examples from this unusual collection, consisting of 40 weapons and over 400 glass slides, to demonstrate the significance and contribution it has to understanding late 19th- and early 20th-century forensic science and medicine in Scotland. Previously belonging to the late Sir Sydney Smith, these objects and glass slides supplement the Sydney Smith paper collection that contains numerous casefiles spanning his career as a forensic practitioner both in Britain and internationally. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Purpose: Patients with Her2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab have higher rates of cardiotoxicity (CT). Left-breast radiation might increase the risk for CT from cardiac exposure to radiation. The goal of our study is to evaluate the contribution of radiotherapy (RT) in the development of CT in breast cancer patients receiving trastuzumab. Read More

Nat Ecol Evol 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.

Understanding extinction events requires an unbiased record of the chronology and ecology of victims and survivors. The rhinoceros Elasmotherium sibiricum, known as the 'Siberian unicorn', was believed to have gone extinct around 200,000 years ago-well before the late Quaternary megafaunal extinction event. However, no absolute dating, genetic analysis or quantitative ecological assessment of this species has been undertaken. Read More

J Exp Ther Oncol 2018 Nov;12(4):323-330

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bareilly International University, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly, (UP), India.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a major contributor to disability and death caused by malignant tumors. Variations in social, cultural, and geographic factors affect the tumor behavior and response to treatment. In this study, we undertake a seven years institutional review and analysis of Oral squamous cell carcinoma cases in Bareilly. Read More

Arch Dis Child 2018 Nov 24. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

--Archives of Disease in Childhood-.

Phys Med 2018 Nov 22;55:33-39. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Global Outreach for Radiation Protection, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Adjunct Professor of Radiology & Medical Physics, Duke University, Ex-IAEA, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Purpose: The International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP) performed a detailed study following the first survey published in 2015 with the particular objectives: 1) gather data on global medical physicists (MPs) workforce, 2) identify differences between geographical regions and, 3) investigate whether there is a gender dimension in higher hierarchy positions.

Methods: An online questionnaire was send to IOMP members and contact points in countries where no professional MPs society existed. Information requested: total number (N) of MPs (men and women), N of current elected executive board (EB) of societies and women proportion in the board, president gender and number of women presidents for the last 10 years. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Pathology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the oropharynx is an epidemiologically and clinically distinct form of SqCC that is associated with an improved prognosis. However, HPV-related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a rare and newly described variant that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcomes. To date, fewer than 2 dozen reports of this entity exist in the literature, and there is no discussion of cytopathologic features. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Objectives: A high proportion of cytologically indeterminate, Afirma Gene Expression Classifier "suspicious" thyroid nodules are benign. The Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS), was proposed by the American College of Radiology in 2017 to help classify thyroid nodules based on ultrasound characteristics in a standardized fashion to guide management. We aim to determine the interobserver variability of TIRADS classification among cytologically indeterminate and Afirma suspicious nodules. Read More

Front Plant Sci 2018 8;9:1597. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Tree growth at northern boreal treelines is generally limited by summer temperature, hence tree rings serve as natural archives of past climatic conditions. However, there is increasing evidence that a changing summer climate as well as certain micro-site conditions can lead to a weakening or loss of the summer temperature signal in trees growing in treeline environments. This phenomenon poses a challenge to all applications relying on stable temperature-growth relationships such as temperature reconstructions and dynamic vegetation models. Read More

Arch Plast Surg 2018 Nov 15;45(6):493-494. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Technical Manager, Archives of Plastic Surgery M2community, Seoul, Korea.

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Nov 20;15(11). Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka 51000, Croatia.

In the second half of the 20th century, the town of Bakar (Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia), where a coking plant was operational 1978⁻1994, experienced intensive industrialisation. The town of Mali Lošinj (Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia) in this period based its economy on non-industrial sectors. The study goal was comparing mortality characteristics of these populations in the northern Mediterranean for 1960⁻2012. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 10;651(Pt 2):3174-3186. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Unidad Académica de Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico. Electronic address:

Trace element (As, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) enrichment trends during the past century, were assessed in thirteen Pb-dated sediment cores from the southern Gulf of Mexico, with the purpose to evaluate the impact on the environment, and potentially on public health, of the offshore oil industry and of oil spills such as that of the Ixtoc1 well blowout in 1979. The trace element composition was quite homogeneous among cores; and the pre-industrial concentrations of Ba, Cr, Cu and Ni are naturally high in the region, as to reach levels of potential ecological concern. The influence of multiple and simultaneous processes (e. Read More

Am J Nurs 2018 Dec;118(12):68-69

Editor's note: From its first issue in 1900 through to the present day, AJN has unparalleled archives detailing nurses' work and lives over more than a century. These articles not only chronicle nursing's growth as a profession within the context of the events of the day, but they also reveal prevailing societal attitudes about women, health care, and human rights. Today's nursing school curricula rarely include nursing's history, but it's a history worth knowing. Read More

Acta Oncol 2018 Nov 20:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

a Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy approximately halves the risk of recurrence in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients, but many women respond insufficiently to therapy. Expression of multi-drug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) in breast cancer may potentiate tamoxifen resistance. Thus, we investigated the expression of MRP2 in breast cancer as a predictor of tamoxifen therapy effectiveness. Read More

J Clin Epidemiol 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Decision Sciences & MIS Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104. Electronic address:

Sci Total Environ 2018 Nov 8;654:895-905. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K. Denmark. Electronic address:

Climate change has irrevocable consequences for the otherwise well-preserved archaeological deposits in the Arctic. Vegetation changes are expected to impact archaeological sites, but currently the effects are poorly understood. In this article we investigate five archaeological sites and the surrounding natural areas along a climate gradient in Southwest Greenland in terms of vegetation types, above- and below-ground biomass, soil geochemistry and spectral properties. Read More

Hum Pathol 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States 21287; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States 35249. Electronic address:

Activating mutations in the promoter of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene are the most common genetic alterations in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder and upper urinary tract. While the cadherin 1 (CDH1) gene is commonly mutated in the clinically aggressive plasmacytoid variant of urothelial carcinoma (PUC), little is known about their TERT promoter mutation status. A retrospective search of our archives for PUC and UC with plasmacytoid and/or signet ring cell features (2007-2014) was performed. Read More

Radiat Environ Biophys 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 96372, Lyon Cedex 08, France.

Direct quantitative assessment of health risks following exposure to ionizing radiation is based on findings from epidemiological studies. Populations affected by nuclear bomb testing are among those that allow such assessment. The population living around the former Soviet Union's Semipalatinsk nuclear test site is one of the largest human cohorts exposed to radiation from nuclear weapons tests. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Nov 16;18(1):581. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Introduction: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective strategy to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in high risk individuals. However, the effectiveness of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis is highly dependent on user adherence, which some previous trials have struggled to optimise particularly in low and middle income settings. This systematic review aims to ascertain the reasons for non-adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis to guide future implementation. Read More

Nucleic Acids Res 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK.

The European Bioinformatics Institute (https://www.ebi.ac. Read More

Hum Brain Mapp 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California.

The human hippocampus can be subdivided into subfields with unique functional properties and differential vulnerability to disease or neuropsychiatric conditions. Identifying genes that confer susceptibility to such processes is an important goal in developing treatments. Recent advances in automatic subfield segmentation from magnetic resonance images make it possible to use these measures as phenotypes in large-scale genome-wide association studies. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2018 31;9:1243. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Drug shortages are a potential threat to public health. Reliable data on drug shortages is limited. The objective was to examine the extent and nature of potential drug shortages signaled by authorities and pharmacy practice in the Netherlands The primary working systems of Dutch authorities (Medicines Evaluation Board and Health and Youth Care Inspectorate) and the archives of pharmacy practice (Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association) from 2012 to 2015 were searched for number, characteristics, overlap, and date of signals on potential drug shortages. Read More

Dental Press J Orthod 2018 Sep-Oct;23(5):39.e1-39.e13

Aarhus University, Faculty of Health, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Section of Orthodontics (Aarhus, Denmark).

Introduction: The selection of appropriate sites for miniscrew insertion is critical for clinical success.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate how interradicular spaces measured on panoramic radiograph compare with Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), and how crowding can influence the presence of available space for miniscrew insertion, in order to define a new "safe zones" map.

Methods: A total of 80 pre-treatment panoramic radiographs and 80 CBCT scans with corresponding digital models were selected from the archives of the department of Dentistry, Aarhus University. Read More