Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Arch Pharm Res 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeil-daero, Taegu, 42601, South Korea.

Autophagy is a self-degradation process in which the cytoplasmic cargoes are delivered to the lysosomes for degradation. As the cargoes are degraded/recycled, the autophagy process maintains the cellular homeostasis. Anti-cancer therapies induce apoptosis and autophagy concomitantly, and the induced autophagy normally prevents stress responses that are being induced. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 May 25. Epub 2020 May 25.

Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease manifesting mitochondrial damages and neuroinflammation. Qi is defined as a natural power that can regulate the energy flow in Oriental medicine, whereas mitochondria generate energy power in Western medicine. We investigated whether Qi-enhancing component in Oriental herb medicines could activate mitochondrial activities. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 May 20. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.

Ischemic stroke is a serious condition associated with severe functional disability and high mortality, however; effective therapy remains elusive. Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has been shown to exert additional non-glycemic benefits including anti-apoptotic effects in different disease settings. Thereby, this study was designed to investigate the ameliorative effect of empagliflozin on the neuronal apoptosis exhibited in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model targeting HIF-1α/VEGF signaling which is involved in this insult. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of human death worldwide. Currently available therapies for COPD mainly relieve symptoms and preserve lung function, suggesting the need to develop novel therapeutic or preventive regimens. Because chronic inflammation is a mechanism of emphysematous lesion formation and because adenosine A receptor signaling and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) regulate inflammation, we investigated the effect of LJ-529, a selective adenosine A receptor agonist and partial PPARγ agonist, on inflammation in vitro and elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in vivo. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 11;43(4):462-474. Epub 2020 Apr 11.

Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, Republic of Korea.

The defense mechanism of the immune system is based on the interaction of many kinds of leukocytes. Among them, dendritic cells (DCs) control most immune responses. In our previous study, sesamolin was shown to create an optimal environment for natural killer (NK) cells to kill cancer cells. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 7;43(4):395-408. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.

Genistin is a type of isoflavone glycoside and has a broad range of health benefits. It is found in a variety of dietary plants, such as soybean, kudzu (Japanese arrowroot), and other plant-based products. Genistin has been described to have several beneficial health impacts, such as decreasing the risk of osteoporosis and post-menopausal symptoms, as well as anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, cardioprotective, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-microbial activities. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 4. Epub 2020 Apr 4.

Institute of Tropical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.

Curcumin derivatives have been shown to inhibit replication of human influenza A viruses (IAVs). However, it is not clear whether curcumin and its derivatives can inhibit neuraminidase (NA) of influenza virus. In this study, a meaningful 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship model (comparative molecular field analysis R = 0. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 1;43(4):385-394. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, South Korea.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, with poor survival despite treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Little progress has been made over the last two decades, and there remain unmet medical needs. Approximately 45% of patients with GBM carry EGFR mutations, and 13% of them possess altered PDGFR genes. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 31;43(4):449-461. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Department of Molecular and Life Science, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 15588, South Korea.

Schizophyllan (SPG), produced by Schizophyllum commune, is an exopolysaccharide with multiple academic and commercial uses, including in the food industry and for various medical functions. We previously demonstrated that SPG conjugated with c-Src peptide exerted a significant therapeutic effect on mouse models of the acute inflammatory diseases polymicrobial sepsis and ulcerative colitis. Here we extended these results by investigating whether SPG exerted a protective effect against mitochondrial damage in the liver via sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) induction, focusing on the deacetylation of succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 28;43(4):421-432. Epub 2020 Mar 28.

Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No.136 Zhongshan Two Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400013, China.

There is little evidence regarding the roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in inflammation caused by asthma. In this study, we successfully generated an asthma mouse model that was induced by ovalbumin (OVA). The effects of dexamethasone (Dex) treatment on lung tissue were investigated using pathological and biochemical methods, including Diff-Quik staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and western blotting (WB). Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 26;43(4):433-448. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.

Androgen receptor (AR) plays a pivotal role as a target for amplification/mutation in pathogenesis and tumor progression in prostate, and thus, controlling AR activity or expression might be a feasible therapeutic approach for the treatment of prostate cancer. Here, we report the novel mechanisms by which 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) targets AR to stimulate cell death in both hormone-responsive and -refractory prostate cancer cells. We found that miR-488, a tumor suppressive microRNA, was markedly induced by GA treatment, resulting in the down-regulation of AR expression and inhibition of cellular responses mediated by androgens. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Mar 18;43(3):350-360. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.

White adipocytes play a key role in maintaining whole body energy homeostasis by forming white adipose tissue (WAT). The impairment of WAT formation or WAT dysfunction is clearly associated with severe metabolic disorders. Mature adipocytes are derived from differentiated preadipocytes and are pivotal in energy storage and metabolism. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 14;43(4):409-420. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology for Cardio-Cerebral Vascular System, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a fatal disease, especially when it causes right heart failure (RHF). However, it is difficult to treat. It has been reported that trapidil (Tra) can improve the redox balance and cardiac conditions. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Apr 10;43(4):371-384. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.

Sulforaphane is an isothiocyanate compound that has been derived from cruciferous vegetables. It was shown in numerous studies to be active against multiple cancer types including pancreatic, prostate, breast, lung, cervical, and colorectal cancers. Sulforaphane exerts its therapeutics action by a variety of mechanisms, such as by detoxifying carcinogens and oxidants through blockage of phase I metabolic enzymes, and by arresting cell cycle in the G2/M and G1 phase to inhibit cell proliferation. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Mar 4;43(3):321-336. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.

Cancer development is a process of somatic clonal evolution. Darwinian principles of evolution emphasize the interaction between heritable individual variability and selective pressure from the environment. However, the current prevailing concept of cancer evolution mostly focuses on the alterations of genes, signaling, and metabolism inside cells, which underestimates the impact of environmental pressure in selecting the adapted cells. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 02;43(2):271

Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.

Unfortunately in the original publication of the article, the Fig. 2 was missed in the PDF version of the article which is given in this correction. The original article has been corrected. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 7;43(2):242-256. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.

Plumbagin is a naturally-derived phytochemical which exhibits promising medicinal properties, including anticancer activities. In the present study, the anticancer potential of plumbagin has been demonstrated in lung cancer cells by targeting reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Plumbagin showed impressive cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and anti-migratory activities with IC 3. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 3;43(2):224-232. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Department of Korean Medicine Development, National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Gyeongsan, 38540, Republic of Korea.

Nepetin derived from the flowers of Inula japonica, Inulae flos, has been reported to exert several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory responses. In this study, we evaluated the anti-allergic property of nepetin with its molecular mechanisms in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) and mice. In this in vitro study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of nepetin on degranulation and generation of leukotriene C (LTC) and prostaglandin D (PGD) in IgE/antigen (Ag)-stimulated BMMC. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 29;43(2):214-223. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.

Gymnopilus junonius (Fr.) P. D. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 28;43(1):32-45. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, 280 Deahak-ro, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.

Natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as a potent alternative immunotherapeutic approach to T cell therapy for cancer. Despite promising results from preclinical and clinical studies, numerous challenges have limited the application of NK cell-based therapy, including poor expansion of NK cells in vitro, their short in vivo life span, time-intensiveness, treatment complexities, and the cost burden of the treatment. Recent advancements in the development of immune cell-delivering nanosystems have led to promising strategies to overcome these limitations and enhance NK cell toxicity towards cancer cells. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 28;43(1):46-57. Epub 2020 Jan 28.

College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.

Over the past few decades, hyperthermia therapy (HTT) has become one of the most promising strategies to treat cancer. HTT has been applied with nanotechnology to overcome drawbacks such as non-selectivity and invasiveness and to maximize therapeutic efficacy. The high temperature of HTT induces protein denaturation that leads to apoptosis or necrosis. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 27;43(1):110-117. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.

Despite various therapeutic or diagnostic developments, cancer is still one of the most lethal diseases due to insufficiently adequate treatments and the delay of the early stage of disease detection. An image-guided drug delivery system (IGDDS), as a real-time noninvasive imaging assessment of therapeutic response, has the strong potential to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer because its imaging property offers the quantification of nanomedicine at the intended disease sites, the possible assurance of adequate treatment and elimination of undesirable delay of early-stage diagnosis due to low resolution. One of potential modality that overcomes these challenges could be the nanoconfinement of gold (Au) nanoparticles within other nanoparticles called "Particle-in-Particle (PIP)", which is a strong candidate of cancer treatment because of its "theranostic (therapy + diagnostics)" advantages including imaging (e. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 27;43(2):233-241. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 215 Heping Xi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, China.

Preeclampsia is an inflammatory disease which can induce oxidative stress in placenta. Oxidative stress in preeclampsia is regulated by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway. Mangiferin, an anti-oxidative molecule, is reported to ameliorate oxidative stress in the kidney and brain through activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 27;43(1):22-31. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi, 14662, Republic of Korea.

For several decades, clinical demands for utilization of photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been increasing. Notably, PDT was mainly applied for cancer therapy, and most photosensitizers (PSs) were developed to treat cancer. The advantages of PDT, such as minimal invasiveness and local treatment by topical light irradiation, have made it possible to widen the range of target diseases. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 27;43(1):100-109. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, 28160, Republic of Korea.

Insufficient efficacy of current single drug therapy of cancers have led to the advancement of combination drug-loaded formulations. Specifically, polymeric micelles have been focused on as efficient injectable vehicles for the delivery of several anticancer drugs simultaneously to cancer cells. These nano delivery systems have evolved with advancements in the area of nanotechnology. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 27;43(1):153-169. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.

Nano-drug delivery systems (NDDS) for colon-targeted drug delivery are an active area of research on local diseases affecting the colon, such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, colon cancer, and for the delivery of peptide or protein drugs and vaccinations. In particular, targeted nano-drug delivery to the colon is advantageous for colon-specific diseases because nanoparticles can accumulate in diseased parts, improve the efficacies of therapeutics, and enable localized treatments, which reduces systemic toxicity. However, there are many hurdles, such as burst drug release, enzyme and acidic degradation of drug and carrier in the stomach, pH variations, mucus entrapment, and systemic uptake in the upper small intestine, which could challenge and compromise the successful delivery of NDDS to the colon. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 27;43(1):1-21. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.

The term "single enzyme nanoparticle" (SEN) refers to a chemically or biologically engineered single enzyme molecule. SENs are distinguished from conventional protein nanoparticles in that they can maintain their individual structure and enzymatic activity following modification. Furthermore, SENs exhibit enhanced properties as biopharmaceuticals, such as reduced antigenicity, and increased stability and targetability, which are attributed to the introduction of specific moieties, such as poly(ethylene glycol), carbohydrates, and antibodies. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 24;43(1):134-152. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.

Together with the development of nanoscience, lanthanide (Ln)-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which can emit UV/VIS light upon irradiation by near-infrared laser sources, is emerging as one of the most favorable materials in the field of nanomedicines. Light-responsive drug delivery is known as an efficient strategy to achieve temporal and spatial controlled drug release. Compared to conventional light-sensitive drug delivery systems, UCNPs are endowed with many advantages, such as deeper tissue penetration and low toxicity. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 23;43(1):80-99. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have distinct pharmacokinetic (PK) properties and can potentially improve the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of small-molecule drugs loaded therein. Owing to the unwanted toxicities of anticancer agents in healthy organs and tissues, their precise delivery to the tumor is an essential requirement. There have been numerous advancements in the development of nanomedicines for cancer therapy. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 21;43(2):204-213. Epub 2020 Jan 21.

Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 19;43(1):58-79. Epub 2020 Jan 19.

College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea.

Cancer immunotherapy orchestrates the immune system of the human body to fight against cancer cells. By doing this, it has revolutionized cancer treatment. Toxicities arising from dose-limit and low rates of patient response continue to be the major bottlenecks in clinical outcomes. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 19;43(2):187-203. Epub 2020 Jan 19.

Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.

Glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumor, and it has a high mortality rate. Currently, there are only a few therapeutic approaches for gliomas, and their effects are unsatisfactory. Therefore, uncovering the pathogenesis and exploring more therapeutic strategies for the treatment of gliomas are urgently needed to overcome the ongoing challenges. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Jan 8;43(1):118-133. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu, 704-701, Republic of Korea.

Albumin is a biocompatible, non-immunogenic and versatile drug carrier system. It has been widely used to extend the half-life, enhance stability, provide protection from degradation and allow specific targeting of therapeutic agents to various disease states. Understanding the role of albumin as a drug delivery and distribution system has increased remarkably in the recent years from the development of albumin-binding prodrugs to albumin as a drug carrier system. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 1;43(2):257-270. Epub 2020 Jan 1.

Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue RD, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.

As the main metabolite of nitazoxanide, tizoxanide (TIZ) has a broad-spectrum anti-infective effect against parasites, bacteria, and virus. In this study, we investigated the effects of TIZ on autophagy by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. RAW264. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Feb 14;43(2):171-186. Epub 2019 Dec 14.

Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Limited., Vadodara, Gujarat, 390010, India.

Metabolic disorders are increasing at an alarming rate due to the stressful lifestyle and inappropriate diet schedule. The unorganized habits influence multiple epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and miRNA expression. These epigenetic modifications are reversible in nature and regulate gene expression in response to external stimuli without altering the DNA sequence. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 02;43(2):272-274

Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.

We apologize that there are some errors in the references for three sentences and Table 2. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 9;42(12):1101-1106. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.

Zolpidem is extensively metabolized by CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP1A2. Previous studies demonstrated that pharmacokinetics of zolpidem was affected by CYP inhibitors, but not by short-term treatment of clarithromycin. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of steady-state clarithromycin on the pharmacokinetics of zolpidem in healthy subjects. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 9;42(12):1071-1080. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, Shandong, PR China.

Pathological cardiac hypertrophy (PCH) is characterized by an increase in cardiomyocyte size and thickening of the ventricular walls during the adaptive response to maintain cardiac function, which often progresses to a maladaptive response and, ultimately, to heart failure. Previous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play roles in the pathogenesis of PCH. In this study, we first found that the regulation of miR-338-5p was aberrant in cardiac tissues of heart failure patients and transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced PCH mice. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 7;42(12):1040-1051. Epub 2019 Dec 7.

Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea.

Arrest defective 1 is an acetyltransferase that acetylates N-terminal amino acid or internal lysine residues of its target proteins. By acetylating its target proteins, ARD1 plays roles in many cellular activities, including proliferation, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. In recent years, a number of investigations have emerged reporting the dysregulated expression of ARD1 in different types of cancer, including lung, liver, pancreas, breast, prostate, and colon cancer. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 4;42(12):1063-1070. Epub 2019 Dec 4.

Department of Respiratory Diseases, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, 274031, China.

Hesperetin, a major bioflavonoid in sweet oranges and lemons, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in pulmonary diseases; however, its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury is unclear. This study investigated the effect of hesperetin on LPS-induced lung inflammatory response. Mice were intratracheally instilled with 5 mg/kg body weight LPS, and then were given hesperetin orally (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg body weight) 1 h later. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 4;42(12):1052-1062. Epub 2019 Dec 4.

College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.

Due to a rapidly expanding aging population, the incidence of age-related or degenerative diseases has increased, and efforts to handle the issue with regenerative medicine via adult stem cells have become more important. And it is now clear that the mitochondrial energy metabolism is important for stem cell differentiation. When stem cells commit to differentiate, glycolytic metabolism is being shifted to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to meet an increased cellular energy demand required for differentiated cells. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 3;42(12):1092-1100. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Pharmacy, Xingtai People's Hospital of Hebei Province, No. 16, Hongxing Street, Xingtai, 054031, Hebei, China.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease characterized by insufficient insulin secretion and glucose metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Tetramethylpyrazine has been reported to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and high glucose-induced inflammation, which are closely associated with GDM. This study aimed to investigate the effects of tetramethylpyrazine on inflammatory responses, ER stress and oxidative stress of the placenta in a mouse model of GDM. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Mar 2;43(3):275-285. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine and Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.

Cellular detoxication is essential for health because it provides protection against various chemicals and xenobiotics. The KEAP1-NRF2 system is important for cellular defense against oxidative and electrophilic stresses as NRF2 activates the transcription of an array of cytoprotective genes, including drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes, in a stress-dependent manner. The CNC family of transcription factors, including NRF2, form heterodimers with small Maf (sMaf) proteins and bind to consensus DNA sequences that have been referred to as antioxidant response element, electrophile response element, or NF-E2-binding element. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 30;42(12):1031-1039. Epub 2019 Nov 30.

College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter that is required for the control of synaptic excitation/inhibition and neural oscillation. GABA is synthesized by glutamic acid decarboxylases (GADs) that are widely distributed and localized to axon terminals of inhibitory neurons as well as to the soma and, to a lesser extent, dendrites. The expression and activity of GADs is highly correlated with GABA levels and subsequent GABAergic neurotransmission at the inhibitory synapse. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Mar 28;43(3):337-349. Epub 2019 Nov 28.

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.

Liver plays essential roles in the metabolism of many endogenous chemicals and exogenous toxicants. Mechanistic studies in liver have been at the forefront of efforts to probe the roles of bioactivation and detoxication of environmental toxins and toxicants in hepatotoxicity. Moreover, idiosyncratic hepatoxicity remains a key barrier in the clinical development of drugs. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2020 Mar 11;43(3):286-296. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan.

Nrf2 regulates redox homeostasis in cells by coordinately regulating a range of antioxidant enzymes and proteins. An increase in oxidative stress is one of the hallmarks of aging, and Nrf2 protein levels and activity decrease with aging. Decreased mitochondrial functions, such as decreased ATP production, also occur with aging, leading to the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Nov 9;42(11):947-961. Epub 2019 Nov 9.

Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.

Several multigene assays have been developed to predict the risk of distant recurrence and response to adjuvant therapy in early breast cancer. However, the prognostic or predictive value of current proliferation gene signature-based assays are limited to hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2-) early breast cancer. Considerable discordance between the different assays in classifying patients into risk groups has also been reported, thus raising questions about the clinical utility of these assays for individual patients. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Dec 8;42(12):1081-1091. Epub 2019 Nov 8.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.

Daidzein, one of the important isoflavones, is extensively metabolized in the human body following consumption. In particular, 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (THIF), a major metabolite of daidzein, has been the focus of recent investigations due to its various health benefits, such as anti-cancer and anti-obesity effects. However, the protective effects of 6,7,4'-THIF have not yet been studied in models of Parkinson's disease (PD). Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Nov 7;42(11):962-976. Epub 2019 Nov 7.

Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nan Gang, Harbin, China.

Arsenic is a potent chemotherapeutic drug that is applied as a treatment for cancer; it exerts its functions through multiple pathways, including angiogenesis inhibition. As angiogenesis is a critical component of the progression of many diseases, arsenic is a feasible treatment option for patients with other angiogenic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, among others. However, arsenic is also a well-known carcinogen, demonstrating a pro-angiogenesis effect. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2019 Nov 30;42(11):935-946. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-21 Osongsaengmyung-1 Ro, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, South Korea.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common cause of fatal liver diseases such as cirrhosis, liver cancer, and indications for orthotopic liver transplantation. Given its high prevalence, the absence of FDA-approved drugs for NAFLD is noticeable. In the pathogenesis of NAFLD, it is well known that mitochondrial dysfunction arises as a result of changes in ETC complexes and the membrane potential (Δψm), as well as decreased ATP synthesis. Read More