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Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 20:109280. Epub 2022 May 20.

The Linderstrøm-Lang Center for Protein Science, Section for Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:

Endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase from Bifidobacterium longum (EngBF) belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family GH101 and has a strict preference towards the mucin type glycan, Galβ1-3GalNAc, which is O-linked to serine or threonine residues on glycopeptides and -proteins. While other enzymes of the GH101 family exhibit a wider substrate spectrum, no GH101 member has until recently been reported to process the α2-3 sialidated mucin glycan, Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc. However, work published by others (ACS Chem Biol 2021, 16, 2004-2015) during the preparation of the present manuscript demonstrated that the enzymes from several bacteria are able to hydrolyze this glycan from the fluorophore, methylumbelliferyl. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 18:109298. Epub 2022 May 18.

University of South Florida. Electronic address:

This commentary addresses the article, "Ubisemiquinone is the electron donor for superoxide formation by complex III of heart mitochondria," Arch. Biochem. Biophys. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 18;725:109291. Epub 2022 May 18.

Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address:

Skeletal muscle unloading leads to the decreased electrical activity and decline of muscle tone.

Aims: Current study evaluated the effect of muscle tone preservation achieved by tetanus toxin (TeNT) treatment on signaling pathways regulating atrophic processes during unloading.

Main Methods: Four groups of rats were used: non-treated control (C), control rats with TeNT administration (CT), 7 days of unloading/hindlimb suspension with placebo (HS), and 7 days of unloading with TeNT administration (HST). Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 17:109296. Epub 2022 May 17.

Molecular Pharmacology Branch (RB, EH), Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA. Electronic address:

A tritiated derivative of the sponge-derived natural product spongistatin 1 was prepared, and its interactions with tubulin were examined. [H]Spongistatin 1 was found to bind rapidly to tubulin at a single site (the low specific activity of the [H]spongistatin 1, 0.75 Ci/mmol, prevented our defining an association rate), and the inability of spongistatin 1 to cause an aberrant assembly reaction was confirmed. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 15;725:109294. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China. Electronic address:

Background: Despite that estradiol can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases in ovariectomized animals in the plains, its effect on animals at high altitude has seldom been reported. We hypothesize that estradiol can ameliorate cardiac damage to ovariectomized rats induced by chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude.

Purpose: This study was intended to investigate whether cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could reveal cardioprotective effect of estradiol on ovariectomized rats under chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 13;725:109283. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common retinal microvascular disease caused by diabetes. Previous studies indicated that Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an acute phase reactant, was closely related to the development of DR. But the exact effect of PTX3 in diabetic retinopathy needs more investigations. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 13:109282. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 700 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA. Electronic address:

Tropomyosin, controlled by troponin-linked Ca-binding, regulates muscle contraction by a macromolecular scale steric-mechanism that governs myosin-crossbridge-actin interactions. At low-Ca, C-terminal domains of troponin-I (TnI) trap tropomyosin in a position on thin filaments that interferes with myosin-binding, thus causing muscle relaxation. Steric inhibition is reversed at high-Ca when TnI releases from F-actin-tropomyosin as Ca and the TnI switch-peptide bind to the N-lobe of troponin-C (TnC). Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 10:109270. Epub 2022 May 10.

IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory I4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address:

This note on the work of Robert W. Cowgill in 1963 (Archives Biochemistry and Biophysics 100, 36-44), addressing the effect of substituents in indole and phenol compounds as models for tryptophan and tyrosine, intends to frame it within the foundations of protein fluorescence and its applications, considering its relevance and impact. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 7;725:109281. Epub 2022 May 7.

Laboratory of Biophysics, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Cervical cancer microenvironment is involved in the regulation of the behavior, morphology, and mechanical properties of the cervical cancer cells. Integrins expressed on the cell membrane combine with the factors of the microenvironment to determine cervical cancer cells' properties. The mechanical properties of integrin-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are important for the mechanotransduction of cervical cancer cells. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 3;724:109266. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China. Electronic address:

Fibrosis is one of the crucial reasons for cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI). Understanding the underlying molecular mechanism that causes fibrosis is crucial to developing effective therapy. Recently, OUT domain-containing 7B (OTUD7B), also called Cezanne, a multifunctional deubiquitylate, has been found to play various roles in cancer and vascular diseases and control many important signaling pathways, including inflammation, proliferation, and so on. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 May 1;725:109269. Epub 2022 May 1.

Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China. Electronic address:

Eugenol, an active ingredient of many medicinal aromatic plants, has been proved to have the hypolipidemic effect, but its potential mechanism of action is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether eugenol regulates liver lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats via the gut-brain-liver axis involving glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Hepatic vagotomy was performed in NAFLD rats to determine the role of eugenol in regulating hepatic lipid accumulation via vagus nerve. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 29;724:109265. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

US2B, UMR 6286 of CNRS, Nantes University, France. Electronic address:

Xenon can produce general anesthesia. Its main protein target is the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, a ionotropic channel playing a pivotal role in the function of the central nervous system. The molecular mechanisms allowing this noble gas to have such a specific effect remain obscure, probably as a consequence of the lack of structural data at the atomic level of detail. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 Apr 28;725:109268. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China. Electronic address:

Malignant glioma is the most aggressive and deadliest brain malignancy. TRPC6 and K1.1, two ion channels, have been considered as potential therapeutic targets for malignant glioma treatment. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 26;723:109267. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China. Electronic address:

Right ventricular (RV) remodeling is a major feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) is reported to participate in the process of PAH. This study aims to explore whether VPO1 contributes to hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanisms. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 Apr 25:109214. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.

On Production of superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide by NADH-ubiquinone reductase and ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase from beef-heart mitochondria (Arch Biochem Biophys (1977) 180, 248-257) reviews early work that influenced future studies on the mitochondrial production of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 Apr 25:109256. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

The Prestage Department of Poultry Science, 334C Scott Hall, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27693, USA; Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27693, USA. Electronic address:

This commentary discusses how the idea of employing redox cycling compounds to generate partially reduced oxygen species (O, HO, HO) to cause oxidative stress in the model organism, Escherichia coli, was born. The concept was materialized during our studies on the induction and regulation of the Mn-superoxide dismutase in this unicellular organism. I described how the findings revolutionized the field of oxygen free radicals and oxidative stress and demonstrated its continued relevance and impact to the field today and most probably in the future. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 Apr 19:109257. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, A-1190, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

This paper by Jeffrey K. Glenn and Michael H. Gold (Department of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Sciences, Oregon Graduate Center) reported for the first time the purification and characterization of a manganese peroxidase. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 20;723:109255. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, China. Electronic address:

Age-related cataract (ARC) is a severe visual impairment disease and its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigated the relevance of MST2/YAP1/GLUT1 in ARC development in vivo and in vitro, and explored the role and possible mechanisms of this pathway in oxidative damage-mediated apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs). Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry showed that MST2 and phosphorylated (p)-YAP (Ser127) protein levels were increased, and YAP1 and GLUT1 protein levels were decreased in LECs of ARC patients and aged mice. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 15;723:109252. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV, 89557, USA. Electronic address:

In whole-cell voltage clamped bovine adrenal chromaffin cells maintained at a holding potential of -70 mV, a single 5 ns, 5 MV/m pulse elicited an inward current carried mainly by Na that displayed inward rectification and a reversal potential near -3 mV, a voltage consistent with a non-selective cation current. The broad-spectrum inhibitors of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, La (10 μM), Gd (10 μM), SKF-96365 (50 μM) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borane (2-APB; 100 μM), inhibited the current similarly by ∼72%, ∼83%, ∼68% and ∼76%, respectively. Depleting membrane cholesterol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD; 1-6 mg/ml) or inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP) synthesis with wortmannin (20 and 40 μM) produced a similar level of inhibition on the NEP-induced conductance as the broad spectrum TRP channel inhibitors. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 14;722:109215. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine Hallym University, 94-200 Yeong-deungpo-Dong, Yeongdeungpo-Ku, Seoul, 07247, South Korea. Electronic address:

Post-burn hypertrophic scars are characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix secreted by fibroblasts. Exosomes are membrane lipid extracellular vesicles that play a pivotal role in cellular communication. Previous studies revealed the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in repairing damaged tissues, and also showed that cancer cell-derived exosomes could affect the disease pathogenesis. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 14;723:109237. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address:

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most age-related health problems that commonly affect men. Regrettably, many individuals may not respond to current medical therapies or develop resistance to them. Accordingly, this study aimed to uncover how potentially fenofibrate, a lipid lowering agent, can ameliorate the induced BPH in rats. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 14;723:109220. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516, Caparica, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal. Electronic address:

Electroactive Geobacter bacteria can perform extracellular electron transfer and present a wide metabolic versatility. These bacteria reduce organic, toxic and radioactive compounds, and produce electric current while interacting with electrodes, making them interesting targets for numerous biotechnological applications. Their global electrochemical responses rely on an efficient interface between the inside and the cell's exterior, which is driven by the highly abundant periplasmic triheme PpcA-family cytochromes. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 14;722:109218. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China. Electronic address:

Background: Angiotensin (Ang) (1-7) is a vasodilator peptide that ameliorates microcirculation dysfunction, increases telomerase activity in cells, and exerts vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative stress, and antiapoptotic effects. Mitochondrial human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) plays an important role in the processes of antiapoptosis, antioxidative stress, and immortalization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Ang(1-7) on the mitochondrial translocation of hTERT. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 13;722:109236. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China. Electronic address:

Baicalin is a flavonoid compound abundant in multiple edible and medicinal plants such as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. In this study, we provide evidence to support the fact that baicalin ameliorates alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis via regulating SREBP1c elicited PNPLA3 competitive binding to ATGL. Results showed that baicalin significantly attenuated the development of metabolic disorders and hepatic steatosis in alcohol-induced rats after four weeks of treatment. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 12;722:109219. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.

Copper nanoparticles with different sizes cause significant changes in humans, and their interaction with biological molecules such as proteins is one of molecular biology's most critical and difficult challenges. One of the valuable tools for understating the mechanisms of different protein-nanoparticle interactions are molecular dynamics simulations. The present work attempts to understand how insulin interaction mechanisms Cu nanoparticles of different sizes (2, 6, and 10 nm) may occur with the molecular dynamics simulations methods. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 13;723:109217. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, PR China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: To investigate the mechanisms of potential cardioprotective effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction.

Methods: A chronic heart failure model was established using abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) surgery, rats were divided into sham, AAC, and AAC + EGCG groups. Echocardiography and tissue section staining were performed to evaluate cardiac function and pathology, respectively. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 11;722:109216. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China. Electronic address:

Background: FAM98A is a microtubule-associated protein involved in cell proliferation and migration, and is frequently dysregulated in epithelial cancers. But its role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) cancer remains unknown.

Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to examine the expression of FAM98A in CRC samples. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 10;722:109213. Epub 2022 Apr 10.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic. Electronic address:

Amino acid tryptophan is catabolised via the kynurenine and serotonin-melatonin pathways, leading to various biologically active metabolites involved in regulating immunity, metabolism, and neuronal function. The levels of these metabolites are determined by the enzymes, which respond to altered homeostasis and pathological processes in the body. For the pineal gland, most work has centred on the serotonin-melatonin pathway. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 07 7;723:109199. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; Central Laboratory of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China. Electronic address:

The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes the malignant transformation of cancer cells, mainly through metabolic reprogramming. As one of the most prominent features of the TME, hypoxia contributes to cancer cell death resistance, invasion, metastasis, and therapy-resistant phenotypes. As an important cofactor for various enzymes, iron is essential for ATP generation, antioxidant protein function, and DNA-damage repair in hypoxic cancer cells. Read More

Arch Biochem Biophys 2022 06 6;722:109212. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-177 77, Sweden; Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, One Boston Place, Boston, MA, 02108, USA; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-177 77, Sweden.

The biophysical function of myosin in vitro has been extensively investigated in different motility assays, but the study of myosin ATPase properties at the fiber level is insufficiently investigated. In this study, quantum dot (QD) mediated thermometry measurements were optimized to measure the efficiency of myosin extracted from muscle mini bundles. A reduction in fluorescent intensity of QD reflects an increase in temperature caused by the heat released during ATP hydrolysis and denotes the efficiency of the motor protein myosin. Read More