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World Neurosurg 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma is rare but lead to severe nerve compression. According to symptom, surgery decompression and conservative treatment are justified option. We present a spontaneous spinal SDH case treated by decompression surgery for the lumbar region, and conservative observation for the thoracic region. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Radiology (M.C.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Background And Purpose: Moebius sequence comprises a spectrum of brain congenital malformations predominantly affecting the function of multiple cranial nerves. Reported neuroimaging findings are heterogeneous and based on case reports or small case series. Our goal was to describe the neuroimaging findings of Moebius sequence in a large population of patients scanned with MR imaging. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.

Kosaki overgrowth syndrome is a recently described syndrome characterized by distinctive facial features, brain white matter lesions, and developmental delay. Germline activating heterozygous PDGFRB mutations have been reported in this condition. Systemic connective tissue-type findings have been described in some individuals. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Neurosurgery, Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.

Introduction: Intra-cranial arachnoid cysts are a common incidental finding. The majority of these remain asymptomatic with surgical intervention being reserved for those cysts causing symptoms from mass effect or hydrocephalus. It is not properly understood why cysts enlarge nor is it possible to predict in which cysts this will occur. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs) are commonly regarded as congenital. However, this suspected origin has been challenged by reports of de novo cAVMs.

Case Description: We describe a 25-year-old man without any previous known history of cerebrovascular disease, in whom cranial imaging demonstrated de novo appearance of a pial arteriovenous malformation. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(10):e14780

Experimental Medicine Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Rationale: Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a severe congenital brain malformation resulting from failed or incomplete forebrain division in early pregnancy.

Patient Concerns: In this study, we reported a 9-month old infant girl with mild microcephaly, semilobor HPE, and arachnoid cyst.

Diagnoses: Potential genetic defects were screened directly using trio-case whole exome sequencing (WES) rather than traditional karyotype, microarray, and Sanger sequencing of select genes. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Small Animal Surgery, Neurology Service, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: There is a successful outcome after surgical management of spinal arachnoid diverticula (SAD) in up to 82% of cases.

Hypothesis/objectives: We hypothesized that Pugs have favorable short-term and poor long-term prognosis after surgical treatment of thoracolumbar SAD. The aim of the present investigation was to describe clinical findings, short- and long-term outcomes, and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in Pugs with thoracolumbar SAD. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 27;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Spinal arachnoid cysts (SAC) are rare in isolation and the exact aetiology is still debated. Primary (congenital) cysts are caused by structural abnormalities in the arachnoid layer and largely affect the thoracic region. Secondary cysts are induced by a multitude of factors, infection, trauma or iatrogenic response, and can affect any level of the spinal cord. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Apr 24;47(4):1771-1777. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

2 Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China.

Dandy-Walker syndrome associated with syringomyelia is a rare condition, with few reports of adult cases. We describe an adult case of Dandy-Walker syndrome with concomitant syringomyelia. A 33-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of walking instability, numbness in the hands, memory deterioration, and urinary incontinence. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2019 May 17;179(5):837-841. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Autosomal dominant Dandy-Walker malformation and occipital cephalocele (ADDWOC) is a rare, congenital, and incompletely penetrant malformation that is considered to be part of the Dandy-Walker spectrum of disorders. Affected individuals often present with an occipital cephalocele with a bony skull defect, but typically have normal neurological development. Here, we report on a three-generation family in which individuals have variable phenotypes that are consistent with the ADDWOC spectrum: arachnoid cysts in the proband and his maternal grandfather, an occipital cephalocele in the proband and his brother, and a small bony defect in the proband's mother. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China. Electronic address:

Background: Severe kyphoscoliosis associated with multiple giant spinal epidural arachnoid cysts (SEACs) is an extremely rare condition and remains a challenge in clinical practice. This study aimed to present a case of severe spinal deformity associated with multiple giant spinal epidural arachnoid cysts and to discuss strategies for the preoperative diagnosis and treatment.

Case Description: A 22-year-old male patient with severe thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis associated with multiple giant spinal epidural arachnoid cysts presented with progressive scoliosis, spastic paralysis, numbness, and abnormal gait. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(6):e14322

Department of Neurosurgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50 Minami-Koshigaya, Koshigaya-shi, Saitama 343-8555, Japan.

Rationale: Endodermal cysts are rare benign lesions in the central nervous system. Their common symptoms include headache and neck pain caused by mass effect or inflammatory reaction. We report the case of an elderly woman with intracranial endodermal cyst who presented with nonobstructive hydrocephalus. Read More

N Engl J Med 2019 Jan;380(5):e5

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

J Hum Genet 2019 Apr 28;64(4):291-296. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

A rare form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) caused by Wingless-type MMTV integration site family 1 (WNT1) mutations combines central nervous system (CNS) anomalies with the characteristic increased susceptibility to fractures. We report an additional case where arachnoid cysts extend the phenotype, and that also confirms the association of intellectual disabilities with asymmetric cerebellar hypoplasia here. Interestingly, if the cerebellum is normal in this disorder, intelligence is as well, analogous to an association with similar delays in a subset of patients with sporadic unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia. Read More

Insights Imaging 2019 Jan 28;10(1). Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Pediatric Radiology section, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, 11657, Egypt.

CSF flow disorders are frequently encountered in children. The advent of MR technology with the emergence of new pulse sequences allowed better understanding of CSF flow dynamics. In this pictorial review, we aim to conduct a comprehensive review of the MR protocol used to study CSF flow disorders and to discuss the utility of each pulse sequence in the adopted protocol. Read More

Pituitary 2019 Apr;22(2):124-128

Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Purpose: Guidelines on pituitary incidentalomas evaluation and management are limited to adults since there are no data on this matter in the paediatric population. We aim to analyse the morphologic characteristics, hormonal profile and follow-up of these lesions in children.

Methods: We have searched for pituitary incidentalomas in the neuroimaging reports and electronic medical records of the Paediatric Endocrinology Clinic of our centre. Read More

BMC Surg 2019 Jan 21;19(1):11. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao Street, Changhua, 500, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Background: Spinal arachnoid cysts are rare and have varied clinical manifestations depending on the affected spinal region and nerve roots. A complete cyst excision with fistula closure is the first choice of treatment. However, it might be difficult to localize the specific position of the fistula because previous images have no enhancements or the fistula is too tiny to be detected. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 17. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Skull Base Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Loghman-e Hakim hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Neuroglial cysts are rare intracranial lesions that are believed to originate from the sequestration of neural tube lining during embryogenesis. They can present anywhere within the neuraxis; however, their most common location is the frontal lobe. Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) neuroglial cysts are extremely rare and to the best of authors' knowledge, there are no previous reports of a neuroglial cyst arising from cranial nerves. Read More

Neurospine 2018 Oct 15. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Unit, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objective: MRI-verified neural axis abnormality (NAA) has been described in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and several risk factors have been associated with the presence of NAA in AIS-patients. However, the clinical significance of these findings is not clear. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of NAAs in a large consecutive cohort of AIS patients and evaluate the clinical significance of previously proposed risk factors. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018 Dec 23. Epub 2018 Dec 23.

Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Background: Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is an important form of inherited ataxia with a varied clinical spectrum. Detailed studies of phenotype and genotype are necessary to improve diagnosis and elucidate this disorder pathogenesis.

Objective And Methods: To investigate the clinical phenotype, retinal architecture, neuroimaging features and genetic profile of Brazilian patients with ARSACS, we performed neurological and ophthalmological evaluation in thirteen Brazilian patients with molecularly confirmed ARSACS, and examined their mutation profiles. Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2019 Jan 13. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) for diagnosis, classification, assessment of disease progression and treatment response, and for identifying complications. Herein we review the role of MRI in the management of patients with ADPKD. We show how MRI-derived total kidney volume is a biomarker for assessing ADPKD severity and predicting decline in renal function. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 30;24:9473-9478. Epub 2018 Dec 30.

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara Child Disease Hematology Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

BACKGROUND The present study investigated the relationship between detection of organic pathologies with magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland, clinical and laboratory findings, and treatment response. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included a total of 183 patients who had isolated growth hormone deficiency, received at least 1 year of treatment, returned regularly for follow-ups, and whose pituitary magnetic resonance images were available. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with and without pathological evidence with magnetic resonance imaging. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 18;123:e670-e677. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum der Universität München, Campus Großhadern, Munich, Germany.

Introduction: Treatment of symptomatic intracranial cysts remains a controversial issue. We present a risk/benefit profile of a minimally invasive, not yet described, stereotactic internal shunt implantation technique. The provided data might serve as a reference against which other treatment modalities could be compared. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgical Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq.

A man, a teenage victim of an assault to the head, presented to the emergency department, in Baghdad, with a Glasgow Coma Score of 4/15 (E1 M2 V1) and total right-sided paralysis. CT of the brain revealed a large-left sided frontotemporoparietal extradural haematoma with the presence of an ipsilateral sylvian arachnoid cyst deep to the haematoma. Urgent surgical evacuation of the haematoma was performed, leaving the arachnoid cyst intact. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13665

Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University.

Rationale: Arachnoid cysts are relatively common intracranial space-occupying lesions; nevertheless, familial intracranial arachnoid cysts are extremely rare, with only a few cases having been reported.

Patient Concerns: The proband was a 7-year-old girl who had experienced generalized tonic-clonic seizures 5 times in the 8 days prior to admission. Nine months later, her 6-year-old younger female cousin presented to us with a 3-day history of headache. Read More

eNeurologicalSci 2019 Mar 19;14:28-30. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Salus University, Neuro-ophthalmic Disease Department, 8360 Old York Rd, Elkins Park, PA 19027, United States.

A 66 year-old woman presented with a pupil-sparing partial third cranial nerve palsy with aberrant regeneration. Imaging revealed a cystic lesion in the right cavernous sinus, demonstrating signal characteristics consistent with arachnoid cyst. Oculomotor synkinesis and a pupil-sparing third cranial nerve palsy from an arachnoid cyst of the cavernous sinus have not been previously reported. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Mar 3;123:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy.

Background: Arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) is a rare condition often associated with previous spine surgery. Here we describe a unique case of a patient affected by ankylosing spondylitis (AS), presenting with progressive neurologic deterioration due to AO. We also review the literature on evaluation and management of patients suffering from AO. Read More

Cureus 2018 Sep 28;10(9):e3383. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Neurosurgery, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, USA.

Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are congenital, extra-axial lesions containing fluid similar to the composition of cerebrospinal fluid. Usually found incidentally, these lesions are observed with serial imaging to document their growth patterns and stability, and are then followed conservatively until clinical symptoms develop. Surgical options for symptomatic arachnoid cysts include cyst aspiration, cyst evacuation with fenestration into the subarachnoid space, and shunt procedures including cysto-peritoneal and cysto-ventricular shunts. Read More

Neurosurgery 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

CREATIS Laboratory CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1206, INSA-Lyon, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.

Background: Predicting the displacement of cranial nerves by tumors could make surgery safer and the outcome better. Recent advances in imaging and processing have overcome some of the limits associated with cranial nerve tractography, such as spatial resolution and fiber crossing. Among others, probabilistic algorithms yield to a more accurate depiction of cranial nerve trajectories. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 22;122:577-582. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Neurosurgery, Lokmanya Municipal General Hospital and Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College, Mumbai, India.

Background: Craniovertebral junction arachnoid cysts are uncommon. Among those reported, ventrally located arachnoid cysts at the extremes of age have been even rarer. We report a successfully managed case of a ventrally placed arachnoid cyst in an 88-year-old man using an unconventional surgical approach. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):1273-1275

Department Of Neurosurgery, Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Arachnoid cyst can be defined as cerebral-spinal fluid entrapment within the central nervous system. It may occur primarily as a congenital malformation or secondary as a complication following trauma, infection, bleeding, or surgical manipulation. Congenital arachnoid cyst usually asymptomatic and cause no pressure symptoms. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 14;122:e1146-e1152. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Neurosurgery, Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Spinal arachnoid cysts (SACs) are uncommon lesions in the spinal canal. They are usually asymptomatic, but can occasionally cause mass effect leading to neurologic symptoms. They can be congenital or secondary to a variety of causes. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(44):e13106

Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Rationale: An intracranial arachnoid cyst is a relatively common congenital benign lesion. A small number of patients present with neurological symptoms. Endoscopic fenestration has become a common treatment for arachnoid cysts in recent years, but intracerebral hematoma after surgery is rarely reported. Read More

Acta Med Okayama 2018 Oct;72(5):519-523

Department of Pediatrics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.

Cases of recurrent meningitis in elderly patients with a spontaneous cerebrospinal fistula have been reported, and in some of these patients, cystic lesions were thought to be the underlying cause. We report a case of recurrent meningitis in an 11-year-old Japanese girl with an arachnoid cyst in the petrous apex. Pulsation of the cystic lesion was thought to cause bone erosion, leading to the formation of a fistula. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2019 Apr 28;129(4):397-400. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

a Department of Neurologic Surgery , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA.

Objective: Spinal arachnoid cysts are a known cause of spinal cord compression. When symptomatic, treatment of choice entails laminectomies over the length of the cyst in order to achieve complete cyst removal and fenestration.

Methods: A 60-year-old woman presented with a one-year history of progressive pain between the shoulder blades, exacerbated by sitting up or standing, and relieved by lying supine. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2018 Dec;179(6):373-380

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Endocrinology-Diabetology Department, Reference Center for Endocrine Growth and Developmental Diseases, Paris, France.

Objective Non-idiopathic CPP is caused by acquired or congenital hypothalamic lesions visible on MRI or is associated with various complex genetic and/or syndromic disorders. This study investigated the different types and prevalence of non-isolated CPP phenotypes. Design and Methods This observational cohort study included all patients identified as having non-idiopathic CPP in the database of a single academic pediatric care center over a period of 11. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 11;121:e898-e907. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: The retroclival region is among the rarest locations for an arachnoid cyst (AC), with only a few reported cases. No accepted classification system is available for these rare cysts. Such a classification system would solve the nomenclature problem and could result in easier and more systematic management. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 Dec 5;55(6):845-847. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Scott and White Medical Center - Temple, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple, Texas.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Oct;97(40):e12602

Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) - Hôpital Pierre Paul Riquet, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

To report our preliminary experience with cerebral fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 3 Tesla (3T) scanner. We assessed feasibility, time of acquisition, and possibility to establish a diagnosis.Fifty-nine pregnant women had fetal MRI performed during the third trimester of pregnancy due to clinical or sonography concern of a central nervous system anomaly. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2018 Jul-Sep;13(3):918-920

Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Medulloblastoma is one of the common posterior fossa tumors in children. The natural history of this tumor in presymptomatic period is not well known. Widespread use of brain imaging has increased the detection of incidental brain tumors in totally asymptomatic persons. Read More

J Neurosurg Spine 2018 Dec;29(6):711-719

1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and.

OBJECTIVEAdult spinal arachnoid cysts (SACs) are rare entities of indistinct etiology that present with pain or myelopathy. Diagnosis is made on imaging studies with varying degrees of specificity. In symptomatic cases, the standard treatment involves surgical exploration and relief of neural tissue compression. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Dec 22;120:420-422. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Department of Neurosurgery, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Clinic of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital Cluj, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Background: Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive high-resolution imaging technique, which is considered a biomarker of neurodegeneration. Several intracranial lesions can induce retrograde neurodegeneration which can be assessed using OCT. The cysts of the pineal region are usually asymptomatic and most often are an incidental radiologic finding. Read More

Neurol Sci 2019 Mar 19;40(3):611-612. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Neurology Unit, L. Sacco University Hospital, Via G.B. Grassi, 74, 20157, Milan, Italy.

Purpose: Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are cerebrospinal fluid-filled sacs. Although ACs are a frequent finding on neuroimaging, most remain asymptomatic during lifetime.

Case Report: We report a very rare case of a 62-year-old female patient presenting with a tremor due to a giant arachnoid cyst, which completely resolved after cyst-peritoneal shunting. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Feb 12;35(2):385-388. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.

Introduction: The increasing use of intracranial imaging has led to more frequent diagnoses of arachnoid cysts (ACs). Although ACs are a frequent finding on neuroimaging in children, the prevalence and natural history of these cysts are not well defined. Most ACs may persist and remain asymptomatic throughout life and not require treatment. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018 Nov 1;22(6):900-909. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

Fetal Neurology Clinic, Obstetrics-Gynecology Ultrasound Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv-Aviv, Israel.

Objectives: To describe a unique posterior fossa neuroimaging characteristic of prenatal PHACES syndrome (PS): unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia (UCH) and ipsilateral posterior fossa (PF) cyst communicating with an asymmetrically distended 4th ventricle.

Methods: The registries of seven prenatal diagnosis centers were searched for cases with PF findings and a postnatal diagnosis of PS. All records were evaluated for ultrasound and MRI findings and the postnatal outcome. Read More

Neonatology 2019 28;115(1):1-4. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Neonatal Directorate, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Washington, Australia.

Background: In recent years, many neonatal intensive care units have adopted the practice of routinely performing brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of extremely preterm (EP) infants at term-equivalent age (TEA). This practice may result in increased identification of incidental findings (IF).

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of incidental findings on routine MRI of EP infants. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 24;119:381-383. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Medical Centre and Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Sellar arachnoid cysts are a rare occurrence but may impinge on vital parasellar anatomy and thus are often symptomatic. The etiology of sellar arachnoid cysts is contentious, fueled by heterogeneity in cyst wall structure and contents between cases. The "ball-valve" mechanism is 1 of 2 predominant theories describing their formation, which contends that an aperture in the diaphragm allows cerebrospinal fluid to enter the cyst, propelled by pulsatile flow, but its egress is obscured by the pituitary during the ebb of the pressure wave. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 24;119:374-380. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Background: Spontaneous spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is extremely rare and occurs in <1% of all cases of SAH. To the best of our knowledge, only 1 case of spontaneous spinal SAH with later development of a symptomatic spinal arachnoid cyst (SAC) has been described in the literature to date. The objective of the present study was to report the challenging clinical management of SAC based on a literature review. Read More

Eur J Med Genet 2018 Dec 16;61(12):755-758. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Congenital Malformations, INSERM UMR1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; Pediatric Neurology APHP- Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France; Centre de Référence, Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, APHP- Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Autosomal recessive missense Rotatin (RTTN) mutations are responsible for syndromic forms of malformation of cortical development, ranging from isolated polymicrogyria to microcephaly associated with primordial dwarfism and other major malformations. We identified, by trio based whole exome sequencing, a homozygous missense mutation in the RTTN gene (c.2953A > G; p. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Oct 25;118:296-300. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Children's Medical Center, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Neuroenteric cysts are rare developmental anomalies of the central nervous system that account for approximately 0.7%-1.3% of all spinal cord lesions. Read More