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Br J Sports Med 2022 May 27. Epub 2022 May 27.

Applied Physiology & Nutrition Research Group, Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Objective: To describe acute/postacute COVID-19 presentations in athletes.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: The search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus) and restricted to studies published from 2019 to 6 January 2022. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 1;49:495-498. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Al-Zahra Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene may influence the risk of breast cancer (BC). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FTO gene may exert different impacts on different types of BC. In this study, we investigated the association between FTO SNP rs9939609 and the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), P53, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in BC patients. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 25;49:40-52. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Elevated circulating uric acid concentrations have been linked to various cardio-metabolic diseases. Bolus consumption of a nucleotide-rich dietary protein source increases postprandial serum uric acid concentrations. We assessed the impact of twice-daily nucleotide-rich mixed-meal consumption for one week on postabsorptive serum uric acid concentrations, insulin sensitivity (IS), glycaemic control and the plasma lipidome. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 20;49:314-318. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Ecuador. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Stress-related to self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic has shown a strong correlation with issues in the diet and health of the population. In this study, we aimed to relate the perceived stress of a group of Ecuadorian adults with emotional eating.

Methods: Cross-sectional design study. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 2;49:278-288. Epub 2022 Apr 2.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) causes gut atrophy, dysbiosis and leakage of the gut barrier. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiome in response to different TPNs and tested the hypothesis whether increased gut permeability in TPN would lead to changes in the circulating bacterial DNA ("blood microbiome").

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated to the following groups for seven days (1) chow-fed control (C) without jugular vein catheter (JVC, n=6) (2) chow-fed with JVC and infusion of saline (S) (n = 6) (3) Intralipid-based TPN (n-6:n-3 ratio 7:1) (IL, n = 6) (4) Omegaven-based TPN (n-6:n-3 ratio 1:8) (OV, n = 6). Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 9;49:264-269. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Nutrição e Alimentos (PPGNA), Universidade Do Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Zip code 93022-750, RS, Brazil; Escola da Saúde, Universidade Do Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Zip code 93022-750, RS, Brazil.

Background & Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive chronic non-communicable disease associated with various comorbidities; it is considered complex and therefore multifactorial strategies must be applied to reduce the associated risks. The aim of this before-and-after clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of adjuvant supplementation with probiotics in patients with T2DM.

Methods: The study included 20 patients aged >30 years with T2DM who were overweight or obese. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 26;49:208-216. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Background And Aims: West Nusa Tenggara Province has the fifth-highest prevalence of stunting cases in Indonesia. So far, limited research is available to understand the likelihood of stunting in this region. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1), an immunoregulatory cytokine, may affect the stunting progression. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 28;49:191-196. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease which caused a pandemic with many diseases and fatalities. This new variant of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 and is primarily characterized by respiratory symptoms. There are some data indicating that LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated to disease severity and could act as a predictor for disease progression and unfavorable prognosis. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 14;49:172-180. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: During chemo- or radiotherapy, oral mucositis is associated with severely affected nutrition, prolonged hospital stays, increased risk of infections, death, hindered cancer treatment, and compromised patient prognosis. Although oral mucositis management is critical, no preventive methods have been firmly established. Nutritional therapy with the oral amino acid-rich elemental diet (ED) Elental® may prevent body composition changes and oral mucositis as dose-limiting toxicities of cancer therapy. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 12;49:163-171. Epub 2022 Mar 12.

HU University of Applied Sciences, Research Group Innovations in Preventive Health Care, Heidelberglaan 7, 2584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background & Aim: Malnutrition adversely influences a broad range of physical and psychological symptoms. Although polypharmacy is often mentioned to be associated with malnutrition, especially in older people it is unclear to what extent. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the extent of the association between polypharmacy and malnutrition in older people. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022 Jun 30;49:154-162. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Some studies conducted on soy isoflavones and soy protein reflected that leptin can be reduced by soy isoflavones or soy protein. The aim of present study is to assess the effect of soy isoflavones plus soy protein on serum concentration of leptin among adults.

Methods: To find randomized clinical trails (RCTs) assessing the effect of soy isoflavones containing soy protein on serum concentration of leptin in participants with age ≥18 years old, databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials. Read More

Lancet Digit Health 2022 Jun;4(6):e466-e476

Department of Public Health & Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Cancer Research and Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

Skin cancers occur commonly worldwide. The prognosis and disease burden are highly dependent on the cancer type and disease stage at diagnosis. We systematically reviewed studies on artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) algorithms that aim to facilitate the early diagnosis of skin cancers, focusing on their application in primary and community care settings. Read More

Lancet Digit Health 2022 Jun;4(6):e455-e465

Center for Pharmaceutical Policy and Prescribing, Health Policy Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Health Equity Research Promotion, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Little is known about whether machine-learning algorithms developed to predict opioid overdose using earlier years and from a single state will perform as well when applied to other populations. We aimed to develop a machine-learning algorithm to predict 3-month risk of opioid overdose using Pennsylvania Medicaid data and externally validated it in two data sources (ie, later years of Pennsylvania Medicaid data and data from a different state).

Methods: This prognostic modelling study developed and validated a machine-learning algorithm to predict overdose in Medicaid beneficiaries with one or more opioid prescription in Pennsylvania and Arizona, USA. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2022 Jun 13;1212:339938. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China. Electronic address:

Exosomes, potential biomarkers for liquid biopsy, provide a promising opportunity for early cancer diagnosis in a noninvasive manner. However, direct analysis of exosomes in complicated biological samples is still challenging. Herein, a cholesterol recognition assay was proposed for detection of exosomes by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) labeling inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2022 Jun 8;1212:339914. Epub 2022 May 8.

Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China. Electronic address:

Detection of methylation changes associated with oncogenic transformation is essential for early screening and treatment of cancer. Herein, we propose a novel DNA methylation detection assay based on the methyl-dependent DNA endonuclease GlaI coupling with double cascaded strand displacement amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a (GlaI-DC-SDA-CRISPR/Cas12a). The GlaI enables highly specific recognition and digestion of methylated target site (dsDNA) but leaves unmethylated target intact. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2022 Jun 6;1212:339910. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria. Electronic address:

Visualization and quantification of corrosion processes is essential in materials research. Here we present a new approach for 2D spatiotemporal imaging of metal corrosion dynamics in situ. The approach combines time-integrated Mg flux imaging by diffusive gradients in thin films laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (DGT LA-ICP-MS) and near real-time pH imaging by planar optodes. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2022 Jun 6;1212:339909. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05902, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection through rapid, accurate, and sensitive testing is the most important and fundamental step in coping with the COVID-19 epidemic. We have developed a sensitive fluorometric assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA without thermal cycling. This assay system, based on tandem isothermal gene amplification (TIGA), is composed of ternary rolling circle amplification (t-RCA) and subsequent strand displacement amplification (SDA) coupled with G-quadruplex-generating RCA (SDA/GQ-RCA). Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2022 Jun 10;1212:339885. Epub 2022 May 10.

School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. Electronic address:

Bile acid (BA) pool homeostasis can be disturbed when cholestasis, and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment is able to rectify the perturbed pool. Efforts were made here to propose a strategy enabling BAs-focused widely quantitative metabolomics and subsequently to lucubrate BA pool fluctuation trajectory in rats after dosing UDCA. A so-called universal metabolome standard (UMS) sample containing numerous natural BAs was constructed by involving various available BAs-enriched matrices. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 May 27;12(5):e055735. Epub 2022 May 27.

Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Objective: The aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype disproportionately affects women of African ancestry across the diaspora, but its frequency across Africa has not been widely studied. This study seeks to estimate the frequency of TNBC among African populations.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework. Read More

Brachytherapy 2022 May-Jun;21(3):291-299. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Purpose: To describe the development, design, and implementation of a 3D printed MR-compatible pediatric vaginal multichannel brachytherapy cylinder. Safety and quality measures to ensure consistent treatment required innovative identification on MR and CT, and real-time tracking.

Methods And Materials: A 4-year-old with vaginal botryoides rhabdomyosarcoma underwent MR-simulation with a custom 3D printed biocompatible resin cylinder with four channels to ensure dose optimization capability. Read More

Methods Cell Biol 2022 2;169:67-95. Epub 2022 Feb 2.

Research and Development Division, Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd., 3333-26, Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki, Japan. Electronic address:

Electrophoresis is one of the most important analytical technologies for characterization of macromolecules and their interactions. Among them, native gel electrophoresis is used to analyze the macromolecules in the native structure. It differs in principle and information from those obtained by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) or blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE). Read More

Methods Cell Biol 2022 4;169:309-321. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Oncology, Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.

G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are a family of seven soluble receptor-modifying enzymes which are essential regulators of GPCR activity. Following agonist-induced receptor activation and G protein dissociation, GRKs prime the receptor for desensitization through phosphorylation of its C terminus, which subsequently allows arrestins to bind and initiate the receptor internalization process. While GRKs constitute key GPCR-interacting proteins, to date, no method has been put forward to readily and systematically determine the preference of a specific GPCR towards the seven different GRKs (GRK1-7). Read More

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2022 Apr 27;44(4):391-397. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Objective:  To determine knowledge, attitude, and preventive (KAP) practices towards the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic among women in reproductive age seeking to use copper or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUD/LNG-IUS).

Methods:  We conducted a cross-sectional study in which we applied a questionnaire on 400 women about KAP practices on COVID-19 at the University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil, from May to August 2020.

Results:  The mean (±SD) age of the women was 30. Read More

Thromb Haemost 2022 May 27. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

As one of the fatal complications, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with increased mortality. However, the combined effects of adopting multiple healthy lifestyles have not been firmly demonstrated. This study was to evaluate the association of combined healthy lifestyles and genetic risk factors with VTE and to investigate their interaction. Read More

Bioresour Technol 2022 May 24:127376. Epub 2022 May 24.

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. Electronic address:

Lignocellulosic paper waste constitutes a major waste stream globally, which should be valorised for chemical production. However, paper properties (e.g. Read More

J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2022 May 24:107185. Epub 2022 May 24.

College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, PR China.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been identified as one of the major causes for drugs withdrawn from the market, and even termination during the late stages of development. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the DILI potential of lead compounds during the research and development process. Although various computational models have been developed to predict DILI, most of which applied the DILI data were extracted from preclinical sources. Read More

Clin Microbiol Infect 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

School of Public Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.

Objective: MALDI-TOF MS is a widely used method for bacterial species identification. Incomplete databases and mass spectral quality (MSQ) still represent major challenges. Important proxies for MSQ are: number of detected marker masses, reproducibility, and measurement precision. Read More

Environ Pollut 2022 May 24:119521. Epub 2022 May 24.

Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Health effects of particulate matter (PM) from aircraft engines have not been adequately studied since controlled laboratory studies reflecting realistic conditions regarding aerosols, target tissue, particle exposure and deposited particle dose are logistically challenging. Due to the important contributions of aircraft engine emissions to air pollution, we employed a unique experimental setup to deposit exhaust particles directly from an aircraft engine onto re-differentiated human bronchial epithelia (HBE) at air-liquid interface under conditions similar to in vivo airways to mimic realistic human exposure. The toxicity of non-volatile PM (nvPM) from a CFM56-7B26 aircraft engine by sampling was evaluated under realistic engine conditions and exposing HBE derived from donors of normal and compromised health status to exhaust for one hour followed by biomarker analysis 24hours post exposure. Read More

Nanomedicine 2022 May 24:102571. Epub 2022 May 24.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States. Electronic address:

Synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL) and rapamycin (Rap) have both been shown to be potential treatments for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The low aqueous solubility of Rap, however, limits its therapeutic utility. Here we used an Apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide and phospholipid-based sHDL for the intravitreal delivery of Rap. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 May 24:156202. Epub 2022 May 24.

College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering Research Center, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China. Electronic address:

The combination of biochar and specific bacteria has been widely applied to remediate Cadmium-contaminated soil. But little is known about how such composites affect the dynamic distribution of metal fractions. This process is accompanied by the alternations of soil properties and microbial community structures. Read More