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BMJ Open 2022 Jun 27;12(6):e054095. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Population and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.

Objective: To investigate the extent of geospatial clustering of reported deaths during the Ebola outbreak in Liberia and the covariates associated with the observed clustering.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: Male and female respondents from the 2019-2020 Liberia Demographic and Health Survey. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Jun 27;12(6):e062869. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Research Institute of Midwifery, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.

Introduction: Pregnant women experience early labour with different physical and emotional symptoms. Early admission to hospital has been found to be associated with increased intervention and caesarean section rates. However, primiparous women often contact the hospital before labour progresses because they encounter difficulties coping with symptoms of onset of labour on their own. Read More

eNeuro 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095

The efferent pathway strengthens the auditory system for optimal performance by fine-tuning the response and protecting the inner ear from noise-induced damage. Although it has been well-documented that efference helps defend against hair cell and synaptic extinction, the mechanisms of its otoprotective role have still not been established. Specifically, the effect of efference on an individual hair cell's recovery from mechanical overstimulation has not been demonstrated. Read More

Perfusion 2022 Jun 27:2676591221096078. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, and Cardiology Department, Heart and Vascular Center, 199236Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, Netherlands.

Objective: The Awake Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) practice combined with physiotherapy is increasing. However, available evidence for this approach is limited, with unclear indications on timing, management, and protocols. This review summarizes available literature regarding Awake ECLS and physiotherapy application rates, practices, and outcomes in adults, providing indications for future investigations. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Jun 27;15(6). Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Paediatrics, M S Ramaiah Academy of Health and Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Anim Biosci 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kaposvár Campus, Herceghalom, 2053, Hungary.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to position the Hungarian Merino among other Merino-derived sheep breeds, explore the characteristics of our sampled animals' genetic similarity network within the breed, and highlight SNPs associated with daily weight-gain.

Methods: Hungarian Merino (n=138) was genotyped on Ovine SNP50 Bead Chip (Illumina, San Diego, CA) and positioned among 30 Merino and Merino-derived breeds (n=555). Population characteristics were obtained via PLINK, SVS, Admixture, and Treemix software, within-breed network was analysed with python networkx 2. Read More

ACS Nano 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Institute of Advanced Ceramics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.

Nanocrystal assembly into ordered structures provides mesostructural functional materials with a precise control that starts at the atomic scale. However, the lack of understanding on the self-assembly itself plus the poor structural integrity of the resulting supercrystalline materials still limits their application into engineered materials and devices. Surface functionalization of the nanobuilding blocks with organic ligands can be used not only as a means to control the interparticle interactions during self-assembly but also as a reactive platform to further strengthen the final material via ligand cross-linking. Read More

Korean J Anesthesiol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Clinical Assistant Professor, Discipline of Anesthesia, Memorial University of Newfoundland.

Background: Of the three common central access sites, subclavian vein catheterization has the lowest risk of infection but the highest risk of pneumothorax. The main disadvantage of the short-axis ultrasound guided approach is difficult needle-tip visualization. We describe use of the hydrolocation technique to improve needle-tip localization. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Bacteriology Laboratory, Dept of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Infectious Diseases Division, Dept of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

Relying on a biomarker to diagnose or follow-up the treatment of a Candida albicans meningitis would have an impact on patient management. The biomarker 1,3, β-D-glucan (BDG), developed for serum testing, shows inconsistent values when applied on cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF), and its use with the current protocol on CSF samples warrants caution. Read More

Diabetes Metab 2022 Jun 24:101368. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Aims: - Metformin has been mentioned to be protective against inflammation, degeneration, and oxidative stress, conditions that are associated with rotator cuff disease. To access the association between metformin use and risk of rotator cuff disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: - This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2012 to retrieved participants. Read More

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, U-Vet Werribee Animal Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Objective:  The aim of this study was to compare a 3-loop pulley (3LP) suture pattern with a 4-loop pulley (4LP) suture pattern for the tenorrhaphy of the canine gastrocnemius tendon STUDY DESIGN:  Randomized, cadaveric, biomechanical study of 30 canine gastrocnemius tendons. Tendons were transected and repaired with either 3LP or 4LP suture pattern with 2-0 polypropylene. A tensile load was applied at 25 mm/min until construct failure. Read More

Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Early identification of risk for depression and anxiety disorders is important for prevention, but real-life affective well-being and its biological underpinnings in the population remain understudied. Here, we combined methods from epidemiology, psychology, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study real-life and neural affective functions in individuals with subclinical anxiety and depression from a population-based cohort of young adults.

Methods: We examined psychological measures, real-life affective valence, fMRI amygdala habituation to negative affective stimuli and the relevance of neural readouts for daily-life affective function in 132 non-help-seeking community individuals. Read More

World Neurosurg 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Glioma Surgery Division, Neurologic Surgery Department, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Brain Function Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China.

Objective: In recent years, numerous neurosurgical multimodal techniques have been utilized to maximize tumor resection safely and effectively. However, the synergetic effects of neurosurgical multi-modalities on the survival of glioblastoma patients remain unclear. This study evaluated the role of intraoperative utilization of multi-modalities in glioblastoma patients. Read More

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Background And Study Aims:  Spinal instrumentation for spondylodiskitis (SD) remains highly controversial. To date, surgical data are limited to relatively small case series with short-term follow-up data. In this study, we wanted to elucidate the biomechanical, surgical, and neurologic long-term outcomes in these patients. Read More

Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Fitoterapia 2022 Jun 24:105246. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Centre for Natural Products & Traditional Knowledge, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India. Electronic address:

A series of novel nimbolide derivatives bearing various substitutions on 28th position was designed and synthesized using Sonogashira (2a-2p) and Glaser coupling (3a-3e) reactions. The synthesized derivatives were assessed for in vitro cytotoxic activity against four different human cancer cell lines (A549 cells, MCF-7 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and HCT15 cells) and normal cell line (HEK cells) using MTT assay. Among the screened derivatives, the compound 3a showed potent activity against A549 cells with IC value of 0. Read More

J Affect Disord 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Health Sciences Geneva HES-SO, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Background: The postnatal period is considered the most challenging period in the adjustment to fatherhood. This study aimed to assess anxiety levels among fathers during this period.

Methods: A comparative study assessing the anxiety levels of first-time and multi-child fathers before the mother and child returned home (0-7 days after birth) was conducted. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Jun 24:156892. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, P. O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. Electronic address:

Maternal breast milk, which is a complete food for the infant's growth, development, and health, contains fats and lipids making it susceptible to accumulation of lipophilic compounds like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study aimed at analyzing correlates of measured levels of PAHs in breast milk of nursing mothers to frequently used household fuels and cooking methods in Uganda, and estimate the potential health risks of PAHs to infants through breastfeeding. Sixty breast milk samples were collected from healthy and non-smoking mothers who had lived in Kampala capital city (urban area) and Nakaseke district (rural area) for at least five years. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Jun 24:156970. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of infectious mortality globally, yet most cases cannot be epidemiologically linked even with extensive contact investigations and whole genome sequencing. Consequently, there remain major gaps in our understanding of where and when M. tuberculosis (Mtb) exposures occur. Read More

Brain Res 2022 Jun 24:147993. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Motor skill learning can cause structural and functional changes in the primary motor cortex (M1) leading to cortical plasticity that can be associated with the performance change during the motor skill that is practiced. Similarly, anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) has been shown to facilitate and enhance plasticity in M1, causing even greater motor skill improvement. By using a fine motor task (O'Connor Tweezer Dexterity Task) in combination with a-tDCS we theorized that a-tDCS could increase the speed of skill acquisition. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 24:135477. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173212, India. Electronic address:

The growing needs of the rising population and blatant misuse of resources have contributed enormously to environmental problems. Among the various methods, photocatalysis has emerged as one of the effective remediation methods. The continuous search for effective photocatalysts that can be made from abundant, cheap, non-toxic materials is going on. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 24:135291. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Science, Monterrey, 64849, Mexico. Electronic address:

Many environmental pollutants caused by uncontrolled urbanization and rapid industrial growth have provoked serious concerns worldwide. These pollutants, including toxic metals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, and petroleum hydrocarbons, unenviably compromise the water quality and manifest a severe menace to aquatic entities and human beings. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to acquaint bio-nanocomposites with the capability to remove and decontaminate this extensive range of emerging pollutants. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 24:135466. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Engineering, Asia Pacific University of Technology and Innovation, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Corrosion is a major problem resulting from acid gases found in natural gas being transported in pipelines. To solve this problem, high aspect ratio h-BN nanosheets have been incorporated and are properly assimilated in the CA matrix, this led to an increase in tortuous path of flow for the gas resulting in smooth, dense membrane samples causing exceptional permeability reduction. Hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) nanosheets have been synthesized and incorporated into cellulose acetate (CA) matrix using solution casting method. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 24:135472. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175001, India. Electronic address:

In the present laboratory scale experiment, we report the fabrication of chlorophyll sensitized (BiO)CO/CdWO/rGO (BCR) photo-catalyst. The green approach has been adopted for boosting the optical activity by chlorophyll as a sensitizer. The functionality, nature and surface compositions of synthesized photo-catalyst have been identified by FTIR, XRD and XPS instrumentation. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2022 Jun 24:109162. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the anterior elimination route for four anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) macromolecules (aflibercept, bevacizumab, pegaptanib and ranibizumab) after intravitreal injection using published human and rabbit data and three previously described pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling methods. A PubMed search was used to identify published studies with concentration-time data. The data were utilized only if the intravitreally injected drugs were used as plain solutions and several criteria for a well-performed PK study were fulfilled. Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of the CJR policy on the 90-day trajectory of post-acute care following a total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Design: Multivariable difference-in-difference models applied to Medicare beneficiaries undergoing a THA prior to (2014-2015) and post-CJR implementation (2017) in areas subjected to or exempt from the policy.

Setting: Hospitals in Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas (SMSAs). Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Institute of Health Sciences Education, McGill University, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation of Greater Montreal (CRIR). Electronic address:

Objective: We conducted a realist review to understand how (mechanism) and in what circumstances (context) evidence-based practices are sustained in rehabilitation (outcome).

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, reference lists and targeted websites.

Study Selection: Two independent reviewers calibrated study selection, then one reviewer screened all titles and abstracts while the second reviewer screened a random 20%. Read More

J Biol Chem 2022 Jun 24:102197. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada. Electronic address:

Aggregation of proteins is at the nexus of molecular processes crucial to aging, disease, and employing proteins for biotechnology and medical applications. There has been much recent progress in determining the structural features of protein aggregates that form in cells; yet, owing to prevalent heterogeneity in aggregation, many aspects remain obscure and often experimentally intractable to define. Here we review recent results of structural studies for cell-derived aggregates of normally globular proteins, with a focus on high resolution methods for their analysis and prediction. Read More

Exp Neurol 2022 Jun 24:114152. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Institute of Physiology 1/Neurophysiology, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany. Electronic address:

CGRP release plays a major role in migraine pain by activating the trigeminal pain pathways. Here we explored putative additional effects of CGRP on cortical circuits and investigated whether CGRP affects cortical excitability, cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), a phenomenon associated with migraine aura, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and microglial morphology. We used immunohistochemistry to localize CGRP and the CGRP receptor (CGRP-R) in native cortex and evaluated morphology of microglia and integrity of the BBB after exposure to CGRP. Read More

J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the associations of morbidity burden and frailty with the transitions between functional decline, institutionalization, and mortality.

Design: REStORing health of acutely unwell adulTs (RESORT) is an ongoing observational, longitudinal inception cohort and commenced on October 15, 2017. Consented patients were followed for 3 months postdischarge. Read More