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Appetite 2021 May 12:105292. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506.

Unhealthful foods are convenient, ubiquitous, and inexpensive. Overconsumption of unhealthful foods can result in disease states such as obesity and Type 2 diabetes. In addition to the physiological consequences of unhealthful foods, research in rats has shown that diets high in processed fat and sugar induce impulsive choice behavior. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 12:105283. Epub 2021 May 12.

European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School| University of Exeter Medical School.

People who do not eat enough fruit and vegetables (F&V) have incremental health risks. Most Europeans do not comply with health recommendations relating to F&V consumption and this is especially true for those with lower-level education, which reinforces structural inequalities in health and wellbeing among Europeans. This study investigated the role of key behavioural triggers - capabilities, opportunities and motivation (in the COM-B model) - as pathways for educational differentials in F&V intake in Europe. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 12:105294. Epub 2021 May 12.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.

Behavioral tendencies in the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT) have mostly been assessed using a joystick as a response device. In recent years, other hardware devices such as tablets, smartphones, and computer mice have also been used. However, it remains unclear whether different response devices yield similar results and show comparable psychometric properties. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 11:105297. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Human Centered Design, Delft University of Technology, Landbergstraat 15, 2628 CE Delft, The Netherlands.

An increasing number of people tend to eat alone due to social changes and an altered attitude towards cooking and eating practices. Anecdotal reports indicate that solo diners tend to use information and communication technology devices, for example, the smartphone, as part of the eating experience. While lab studies suggest that the devices contribute to an increased high-calorie food intake and decreased feeling of satiety, these studies disregard the everyday experience and motivation of solo diners. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 11:105298. Epub 2021 May 11.

Faculty of Food Science, Al-Qasim Green University, 51001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.

Traditional foodstuffs play an important role in household food security. No research has, however, attempted to examine traditional foodstuffs in light of disasters and crises. Such research can provide a useful outlook on how traditional foodstuffs can aid households in a situation of disrupted food supply. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 10:105301. Epub 2021 May 10.

Courtney Szocs is the Piccadilly Inc., Business Partnership Professor and Assistant Professor of Marketing, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808. Electronic address:

Manufacturers often include smiling faces on food packages, especially those targeted towards children. Prior research suggests that anthropomorphized images in general, and smiling faces in particular, are an effective marketing tool that encourage food choice and consumption among children. However, it is not clear how adult consumers, who often make food purchases for children, respond to smiling faces on packaging when making decisions for a child recipient. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 10:105310. Epub 2021 May 10.

, Department of Archaeology, Cultural Heritage and Museology Floor 5, West Building 1, Xixi Campus, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China. Electronic address:

This study aims to explore the nature and processes involved in the cognitive development of food tourist's taste perception and identify cognitive factors influencing their food taste experience in the context of a food tourism destination. Adopting a gastrophysics approach, this exploratory qualitative research analyses food taste perceptions of Chinese domestic tourists during their visit to the Hangzhou Cuisine Museum and its associated restaurants. The findings suggest that prior knowledge formation as a manifestation of cognitive signs relating to Hangzhou cuisine and interpretive cognitive information acquired at the museum exhibition, greatly affect the tourists' local food taste experiences: these comprise menu selection and appetitive responses in textual, visual and gustatory senses. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 10:105277. Epub 2021 May 10.

Stanford Solutions Science Lab, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University. Electronic address:

Reducing meat consumption may improve human health, curb environmental damage, and limit the large-scale suffering of animals reared in factory farms. Most attention to reducing consumption has focused on restructuring environments where foods are chosen or on making health or environmental appeals. However, psychological theory suggests that interventions appealing to animal welfare concerns might operate on distinct, potent pathways. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 9:105289. Epub 2021 May 9.

Research Group "Public Health, Food and Physical Activity in the Life Cycle." Faculty of Medicine, University of Cuenca, Av. 12 de Abril y Av Del Paraíso. Campus Paraíso, Cuenca, Ecuador. Electronic address:

Elderly adults in southern Ecuador often distrust nutritionists' advice when implementing changes to their dietary practices. This distrust is no overt disregard for expert nutritional knowledge but rather the result of structural and situated practices that combine suspicion, misinformation, financial limitations, and family care. In this article, we examine eating practices among elderly adults in southern Ecuador in order to understand how nutrition distrust is constructed. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 7:105282. Epub 2021 May 7.

Applied & Human Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy & Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames KT1 2EE, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Compensatory changes in appetite and energy intake do not appear to occur in the short-term after acute exercise; however, responses have not been compared in South Asians, a group at high risk of central obesity and type 2 diabetes, with white Europeans. This study examined appetite perceptions, energy intake and appetite-related hormones after moderate-to-vigorous intensity cycling in South Asian versus white European men. Fifteen South Asians (mean(SD) 29(8) years; 25. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 7:105276. Epub 2021 May 7.

Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences, Department of Management, Fuglesangs Allé 4, building 2623, D205, 8210, Aarhus V, Denmark. Electronic address:

Objective: To avoid the rising spread of childhood obesity and preserve resources within planetary boundaries, healthy and sustainable eating habits and the consumption of adequate amounts of fruits and vegetables should be encouraged. Children's food preference was found to be an important determinant for food choice and consumption. The aim of this study was to explore children's food preferences using drawing as a projective technique in terms of healthy and sustainable eating and compare food preference patterns in Denmark and Lithuania. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 6:105290. Epub 2021 May 6.

School of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK. Electronic address:

There are well known phenotypic differences in sweet-liking across individuals, but it remains unknown whether these are related to broader underlying differences in interoceptive abilities (abilities to sense the internal state of the body). Here, healthy women (N = 64) classified as sweet likers (SLs) or sweet dislikers (SDs) completed a bimodal interoception protocol. A heartbeat tracking and a heartbeat discrimination task determined cardiac interoception; both were accompanied by confidence ratings. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 6:105299. Epub 2021 May 6.

School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QG, UK. Electronic address:

Meat consumption is increasingly seen as unsustainable, unhealthy, and unethical. Understanding what factors help people reduce their meat intake is urgently needed. One such factor is meat disgust, a feeling reported by many vegetarians, and which could be a promising basis for meat reduction interventions. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 5;164:105288. Epub 2021 May 5.

CONACYT-Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 7a Cerrada de Fray Pedro de Gante No. 50, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, CP, 14080, Mexico. Electronic address:

The composition of the diet influences energy intake by affecting satiety. Macronutrients have a hierarchical effect on satiety, where proteins have the greatest influence, followed by carbohydrates and fats. Alcohol consumption has also shown an effect on increasing energy intake in subsequent meals. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 5:105296. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Marketing, Business School, University of Auckland, 12 Grafton Rd, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. Electronic address:

China's rapidly developing economy has seen an increase in medical problems commonly associated with affluent lifestyles such as increases in metabolic diseases and digestive issues. One response to this problem is an increase in the amount of functional foods currently available, which may take a Western food form, or be more closely associated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This research seeks to understand how functional food and wellbeing intersect in order to better understand how consumers perceive the complex construct of wellbeing, and their agency in its creation. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 4:105286. Epub 2021 May 4.

Deparment of Psychology, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, B4 7ET Birmingham, UK. Electronic address:

Baby-led weaning is an approach to complementary feeding that emphasizes an infant's ability to self-feed rather than being spoon fed, and to eat minimally-processed foods rather than puréed foods. This study aimed to investigate the variability in infant feeding practices and the possible association with developmental milestones in an Italian population. A sample of 1245 mothers of 6-12 month-old infants completed an online survey about complementary feeding and their infant's attainment of developmental milestones. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 4:105291. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States.

Loss of control (LOC) eating is prevalent among adolescents and has been related to significant mental and physical health concerns. A growing body of research suggests that youth from lower income households are at risk for LOC eating. Food insecurity is an understudied contextual factor that may compound the risk for LOC eating in adolescents from low-income backgrounds. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 5;165:105295. Epub 2021 May 5.

University of Toronto, Canada.

Appetite 2021 May 4:105274. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (HVL), Bergen, Norway.

This article examined Norwegian students' associations with lunch packs and lunch breaks in primary schools, highlighting the Norwegian school meal system. Empathy-based stories were used; that is, participants were asked to write on a story about a good or a bad school lunch, either based on actual experiences or imagination. The data included stories from 181 fifth graders (105 girls and 76 boys) aged 10-11 years. Read More

Appetite 2021 May 1:105273. Epub 2021 May 1.

Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; School of Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. Electronic address:

Reduced energy intake is a major driver of weight loss and evidence suggests that physical activity, dietary, and sleep behaviours interact to influence energy intake. Energy restriction can be challenging to sustain. Therefore to improve intervention efficacy, evaluation of how changes in physical activity, diet, and sleep behaviours mediate reduced energy intake in adults with overweight/obesity who participated in a six-month multiple-behaviour-change weight loss intervention was undertaken. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 30;164:105280. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Marketing and Consumer Behaviour Group, Wageningen University and Research, Hollandseweg 1, 6706 KN, the Netherlands.

An increasing number of studies investigate the effects of mindfulness on food intake and weight outcomes, while the underlying mechanisms by which mindfulness exerts its effects have received less attention. We conducted two pre-registered studies to shed light on the frequently proposed yet largely understudied hypothesis that mindfulness improves awareness of bodily signals of satiation and hunger. We assessed the ability to perceive the onset of bodily signals of satiation with the two-step water load test (Study 1) and the ability to perceive the onset of bodily signals of hunger with the preload test (Study 2). Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 30:105272. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

CSIRO Nutrition and Health, PO Box 10041, Adelaide BC, SA, Australia, 5000.

The aim of this study was first, to explore whether distinct combinations of key psychological and eating-related characteristics, could be identified and, second, whether these styles were related to measures of dieting success such as weight status and the number of previous weight loss attempts. Participants were any person 18 years or older with access to the internet and were recruited through Facebook to complete a 30-minute, online survey. The survey included 23 different measures of factors related to personality, eating behaviours and current weight management. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 29;164:105267. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Avenida de La Universidad S/n, 10003, Cáceres, Spain. Electronic address:

Food choices are a complex subject of study. This study reviews existing literature on the topic, while also offering new perspectives. It introduces empirical materials that suggest the existence of continuities between childhood memories of food insecurity and current nutritional choices and practices among older adults. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 27;164:105284. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Department of Economics, Ghent University, Tweekerkenstraat 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.

In this preregistered study we examined why people with an omnivorous diet (i.e., omnivores) would view vegetarians and vegans (i. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 27;164:105270. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

MTA-DE Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4028, Debrecen, Kassai St 26/B, Hungary; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4028, Debrecen, Kassai St 26/B, Hungary.

It is reasonable to suppose that poor diet underlies the unfavorable health status of the Roma population of Europe. Previously in the framework of a complex health survey, fruit and vegetable consumption, quantity of sugar added, salting frequency; bitter, salty, sweet and fat taste preferences were evaluated of Hungarian (HG, n = 410) and Roma (HR, n = 387) populations. In the present study the associations of taste and food preferences with TAS1R3, CD36, SCNN1B, TRPV1, TAS2R38, TAS2R19 and CA6 polymorphisms were tested in the same samples. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 28;164:105287. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

The Australian National University, Australia. Electronic address:

Through meat-eating choices, people are able to express their national social identification and adhere to broader cultural norms. The current research examines the relationship between people's perceptions of national descriptive and injunctive meat-eating norms and their national social identification, on the one hand, and their attitudes toward meat-eating and their intentions to eat meat, on the other hand. In a sample that includes American, British, and Australian participants, we observe that: (1) favorable attitudes toward meat eating are positively predicted by national injunctive but not descriptive norms, and (2) intentions to eat meat are positively predicted by national descriptive but not injunctive norms. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 27;164:105281. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Taste receptor type 1, member 2 (TAS1R2) controls the oral sensing of sweetness. Genetic variations in TAS1R2 have been shown to be associated with differential sweetness intensity and varying carbohydrate intake levels among individuals. This study examined whether rs7534618 A > C in TAS1R2 is associated with dietary behavior and energy nutrient intake in Korean females. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 27:105285. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne.

Many people agree that reducing the consumption of meat has good ends (e.g., for animal welfare, the environment, and human health). Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 27;164:105279. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Department of Psychology, Brock University, Canada.

Most infectious diseases are zoonotic, "jumping" from animals to humans, with COVID-19 no exception. Although many zoonotic transmissions occur on industrial-scale factory farms, public discussions mainly blame wild animal ("wet") markets or focus on reactionary solutions, posing a psychological obstacle to preventing future pandemics. In two pre-registered studies early in the 2020 pandemic, we examined whether British adults fail to recognize factory farming in causing epidemics, and whether such dismissal represents motivated cognition. Read More

Appetite 2021 Apr 26;164:105275. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

APPEAR, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France.

Intuitive eating has been described as representing a positive relationship with food that can support health. However, to date, most of the extant research on intuitive eating has been conducted among young women, limiting our understanding of how intuitive eating can contribute to supporting health in aging women. This study aimed to bridge this gap by exploring body image and eating correlates of intuitive eating in older women. Read More