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Apoptosis 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) has been recently identified to play a crucial role in the progression of many cancers. PDE5 promotes tumorigenesis by dysregulating various cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and invasion and migration. Interestingly, multiple studies have reported the promising chemosensitizing potential of PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil in breast, colon, prostate, glioma, and lung cancers. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 19. Epub 2022 Jun 19.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Eastern Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.

This study aimed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of RNF126 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Firstly, the expression and prognosis of RNF126 were analyzed by TCGA database. The expression of RNF126 was further verified by NPC tissue samples and cells. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.

Cancer has presented to be the most challenging disease, contributing to one in six mortalities worldwide. The current treatment regimen involves multiple rounds of chemotherapy administration, alone or in combination. The treatment has adverse effects including cardiomyopathy, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Molecular Signaling Lab, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland.

Programmed cell death is considered a key player in a variety of cellular processes that helps to regulate tissue growth, embryogenesis, cell turnover, immune response, and other biological processes. Among different types of cell death, apoptosis has been studied widely, especially in the field of cancer research to understand and analyse cellular mechanisms, and signaling pathways that control cell cycle arrest. Hallmarks of different types of cell death have been identified by following the patterns and events through microscopy. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 10. Epub 2022 Jun 10.

Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China.

Pyroptosis defines a new type of GSDMs-mediated programmed cell death, distinguishes from the classical concepts of apoptosis and necrosis-mediated cell death and is prescribed by cell swelling and membrane denaturation, leading to the extensive secretion of cellular components and low-grade inflammatory response. However, NLRP3 inflammasome activation can trigger its downstream inflammatory cytokines, leading to the activation of pyroptosis-regulated cell death. Current studies reveal that activation of caspase-4/5/11-driven non-canonical inflammasome signaling pathways facilitates the pathogenesis and progression of acute pancreatitis (AP). Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, 59 Hudong Road, Ma'anshan, 243002, Anhui, China.

Chemotherapy represents one of the main conventional therapies for breast cancer. However, tumor cells develop mechanisms to evade chemotherapeutic-induced apoptosis. Thus, it is of great significance to induce non-apoptotic cell death modes, such as paraptosis, in breast cancer. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.

Inflammatory reaction and neuronal apoptosis are the major pathophysiological mechanisms involved in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI). It has been reported that Zhongfeng Capsules (ZFCs), which contain Panax notoginseng, Hirudo, Red ginseng, Eupolyphaga sinensis, Pangolin scales, Rhubarb, and Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, have a definite therapeutic effect on CI/RI. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of ZFCs are unclear. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Anatomy Section, Department of Health & Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Campus Narvik, Narvik, Norway.

The process of spermatogenesis features significant germ cell loss through apoptosis. Routine histology of the testes of well-studied animal models hardly discloses any trace of their phagocytic clearance by the supporting Sertoli cells. This review highlights lessons learnt from the cystic, diametric testes of some seasonally migrating elasmobranchs (e. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 4. Epub 2022 Jun 4.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Trabiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family known for its important conserved inhibitory effect on caspase activity. Since the introduction of XIAP almost three decades ago, numerous experimental studies have been performed for a wide range of cellular pathways and mechanisms. In this perspective, we summarize key trends of XIAP as an important regulator of cellular signaling. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 Jun 2. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common digestive cancer with high mortality rate due to late diagnosis and drug resistance. It is important to identify new molecular target and develop new anticancer strategy. ML323 is a novel USP1 inhibitor and exhibits anticancer activity against several cancers. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.

Although previous studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the progression of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), the exact role and mechanism of lncRNA ENSMUST_147219 in ischemic AKI are not clear. In the present study, lncRNA ENSMUST_147219 was induced by ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo. Functionally, lncRNA ENSMUST_147219 mediated apoptosis in mouse proximal tubule-derived cell line (BUMPT). Read More

Apoptosis 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

General Surgery Center, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, No. 270, Rongdu Rd, Jinniu District, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China.

The animal models of traumatic pancreatitis (TP) were established to evaluate the specific mechanisms by which umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (ucMSC-Ex) exert therapeutic effects. Sixty four rats were randomly divided into eight groups, including TP groups with three different degrees and relevant groups with ucMSC-Ex treated. The degrees of pancreatic tissue injury were evaluated by Histological Examination. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province & Institute of Life Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.

In recent decades, diabetes mellitus has become a major chronic disease threatening human health worldwide, and the age of patients tends to be younger; however, the pathogenesis remains unclear, resulting in many difficulties in its treatment. As an ideal model animal, zebrafish can simulate the processes of human diabetes well. In this study, we successfully established a model of diabetic zebrafish larvae in a previous work. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 3;27(5-6):426-440. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is insidious and prone to metastasis and recurrence. Currently, no effective treatment is available for HCC. Furthermore, HCC does not respond to various radio- and chemotherapies, and the molecular mechanism of treatment resistance is unclear. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 20;27(5-6):322-328. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is a severe autoimmune disease characterized by supra-basal blisters in the skin and mucous membranes of a wide range of mammals, including humans. It not only affects the skin but also has severe oral manifestations. It has been stated that auto-antibodies are produced, for unknown reasons, which are directed against desmogleins present on the epithelium and thus leads to acantholysis and intraepithelial blistering. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 18;27(5-6):409-425. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Pudong District, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Rd, Shanghai, 200120, China.

Oxidative stress-induced autophagy dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) not only have been regarded as important regulators of IVDD but also reported to be related to autophagy. This research was aimed to explore the role of miR-130b-3p in IVDD and its regulation on autophagy mechanism. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 18;27(5-6):401-408. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100730, Beijing, China.

Autophagy dysfunction contributes to CD4 + T cell apoptosis during sepsis leading to impairment of adaptive immunity. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway modulates CD4 + T cell survival during sepsis through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 2;27(5-6):382-400. Epub 2022 Apr 2.

Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a small phospholipid that acts as an extracellular lipid mediator. It promotes cancer progression by altering a wide array of cellular processes, including apoptosis, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration through binding with its cognate receptors. Intriguingly, our previous study showed that in vitro treatment of LPA induced survival of T lymphoma cells. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 1;27(5-6):368-381. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.

Proteins of the Bcl-2 protein family, including pro-apoptotic Bax and anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL, are critical for mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis regulation. Since yeast lacks obvious orthologs of Bcl-2 family members, heterologous expression of these proteins has been used to investigate their molecular and functional aspects. Active Bax is involved in the formation of mitochondrial outer membrane pores, through which cytochrome c (cyt c) is released, triggering a cascade of downstream apoptotic events. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 31;27(5-6):354-367. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaomin Lane, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.

Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-product (sRAGE) was reported to protect myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries via directly interacting with cardiomyocytes besides competing with RAGE for AGEs. However, the specific molecule for the interaction between sRAGE and cardiomyocytes are not clearly defined. Integrins which were reported to interact with RAGE on leukocytes were also expressed on myocardial cells, therefore it was supposed that sRAGE might interact with integrins on cardiomyocytes to protect hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injuries. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 22;27(5-6):311-321. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.

OIP5-AS1, a conserved lncRNA, has been reported to be involved in several biological and pathological processes, including oncogenesis. OIP5-AS1 exerts its oncogenic or antitumor functions via regulation of different miRNAs in various cancer types. In this review, we describe the dysregulation of OIP5-AS1 expression in a variety of human cancers. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 21;27(5-6):297-310. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Cancer resistance to therapy is a big issue in cancer therapy. Tumours may develop some mechanisms to reduce the induction of cell death, thus stimulating tumour growth. Cancer cells may show a low expression and activity of tumour suppressor genes and a low response to anti-tumour immunity. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 10;27(5-6):342-353. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, 25701, USA.

Actinomycin D (ActD) was the first anticancer antibiotic approved for the management of human cancers. However, the notorious toxicity profile limits its widespread application in cancers, including cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Recent studies show that combining low-dose ActD with existing chemotherapies could potentially protect normal cells from the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs through p53 activation (cyclotherapy). Read More

Apoptosis 2022 06 7;27(5-6):329-341. Epub 2022 Mar 7.

Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 166 Daxuedonglu Road, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.

The sensitivity of cells to chemotherapeutic agents has a major effect on disease outcome in breast cancer patients. Unfortunately, there are numerous factors involved in the regulation of chemosensitivity, and the mechanisms need to be further investigated. Autophagy/Beclin 1 regulator 1 (Ambra1) is a key protein in the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 02 11;27(1-2):133-148. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Department of Orthopaedics, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.

This study aimed to determine the effects of SKI on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), and the Wnt signaling pathway. NP tissue specimens of different Pfirrmann grades (II-V) were collected from patients with different grades of IDD. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to compare SKI mRNA and protein expression in NP tissues from patients. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 04 7;27(3-4):283-295. Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Molecular Signaling Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and BioMediTech, P.O.Box 553, 33101, Tampere, Finland.

P2Y receptors belong to the large superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors and play a crucial role in cell death and survival. P2Y1 receptor has been identified as a marker for prostate cancer (PCa). A previously unveiled selective P2Y1 receptor agonist, the indoline-derived HIC (1-(1-((2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)indoline-4-carbonitrile), induces a series of molecular and biological responses in PCa cells PC3 and DU145, but minimal toxicity to normal cells. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 04 4;27(3-4):261-282. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India.

Piperlongumine (PL, piplartine) is an alkaloid derived from the Piper longum L. (long pepper) roots. Originally discovered in 1961, the biological activities of this molecule against some cancer types was reported during the last decade. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 02 4;27(1-2):149-160. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice PRC, Shanghai, 200063, People's Republic of China.

Excessive hydrogen sulfide (HS) causes serious damage to human organs and tissues. In this study, we aimed to explore the role and underlying mechanism of excessive HS in brain and lung tissues. A HS concentration of 100-800 pm promotes apoptosis and inflammation of brain and lung cells in ICR mice. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 02 2;27(1-2):90-111. Epub 2022 Feb 2.

Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.

Glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is the second most leading cause of osteoporosis. We have identified a compound, a benzofuran pyran hybrid compound 4e that has osteogenic potential and we wanted to assess its efficacy in GIOP in male mice. We assessed the effect of dexamethasone and compound 4e on primary osteoblasts using various cell based and immunofluorescence assays. Read More

Apoptosis 2022 04 1;27(3-4):246-260. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.

Myocardial apoptosis induced by myocardial ischemia and hyperlipemia are the main causes of high mortality of cardiovascular diseases. It is not clear whether there is a common mechanism responsible for these two kinds of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Previous studies demonstrated that early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1) has a pro-apoptotic effect on cardiomyocytes under various stress conditions. Read More