J Cutan Pathol 2017 May 12. Epub 2017 May 12.

University of Arkansas for Medical Science, Department of Pathology, Little Rock, Arkansas.

Polarizable calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals have been well documented in breast biopsies, generally associated with benign apocrine metaplasia. In contrast, polarizable crystals are only rarely reported in skin adnexal neoplasms. We report 3 different cases of sweat gland tumors with polarizable crystals morphologically suggestive of CaOx: 1 apocrine hidrocystoma and 2 tubular apocrine adenomas. Read More

Eye Vis (Lond) 2017 23;4. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

Ophthalmology Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Hidrocystoma, or sudoriferous cyst, is an eyelid tumor originating from apocrine or eccrine sweat glands. Its presence in the orbit is relatively rare.

Case Presentation: A full-term female child with severe right eye extrusion was referred to our department two hours after birth. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Dec 28. Epub 2016 Dec 28.

*Division of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Nippon Medical School, Musashi Kosugi Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan; †Sapporo Dermatopathology Institute Sapporo, Japan; and ‡Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School Tokyo, Japan.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP), apocrine gland cyst (AGC, also called apocrine hidrocystoma or apocrine cystadenoma), and tubular papillary adenoma (TPA) with apocrine differentiation are defined as proliferations of apocrine epithelium with myoepithelial cells. At Sapporo Dermatopathology Institute, we retrieved 308 benign neoplastic lesions diagnosed as SCAP, AGC, or TPA and combinations of these entities. Among the 308 lesions, 202 (66%) exhibited features of only one type, of which 144 (47%) were AGC, 39 (13%) were TPA, and 19 (6%) were SCAP. Read More

Case Rep Otolaryngol 2016 6;2016:5902547. Epub 2016 Nov 6.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Aims. Hidrocystomas are benign cystic growths of the apocrine and eccrine sweat glands. These cystic lesions have been well documented on the face, head, and neck, but rarely in the external auditory canal. Read More

Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2017 Mar-Apr;83(2):267

Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Ophthalmology 2016 Nov;123(11):2385

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.

Dermatol Online J 2016 May 15;22(5). Epub 2016 May 15.

Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA.

Background: Hidrocystomas are benign tumors of apocrine or eccrine epithelium. They most commonly occur on the head and neck, especially periorbitally. Albeit rare, these adnexal tumors may present as pigmented lesions. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2016 Sep-Oct;54(5):670-2

Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Zaragoza, España.

Background: Apocrine hidrocystomas, also known as apocrine cystadenomas, are bening cystic tumours derived from the secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands.

Clinical Case: A 78-year old female was referred to our division for assesment an asymptomatic translucent, well-defined cystic lesion located on the upper helix. The histological features were consistent with apocrine hidrocystoma coexisting with gouty tophi. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2016 Mar-Apr;7(2):111-3

Department of Dermatology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Pondicherry, India.

Nevus sebaceous is a hamartoma with an uneventful course since birth but many benign or malignant tumors are known to develop in about one third of the patients. A 37-year-old woman with asymptomatic hairless raised lesion over the scalp since birth presented with change in the morphology of the lesions associated with itching and irritation since one month. On examination, multiple well-defined hyperpigmented verrucous plaques coalescing with each other were seen over the right parietal scalp associated with alopecia. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2016 Mar-Apr;61(2):237

Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Latur, Maharashtra, India.

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Jul;38(7):549-52

*Contreras-Robledo Surgical Pathology Laboratory, Santiago, Dominican Republic; †Department of Pathology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS; ‡Johnson County Dermatology, Olathe, KS; and §Department of Pathology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.

Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) is a biphasic neoplasm of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. It is most commonly found in the breast, although rare cases have been reported from the lung, salivary glands, and skin. There are 5 well-documented cases of cutaneous AME in the literature. Read More

Skinmed 2015 Jul-Aug;13(4):331-3. Epub 2015 Aug 1.

National Skin Centre, Singapore.

Case 1 A 60-year-old Chinese man presented to the dermatology clinic with an asymptomatic, 0.5 × 0.5-cm erythematous papule on the penile shaft for a 2-year duration (Figure 1a). Read More

Dermatol Surg 2016 Jan;42(1):134-6

Division of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Am J Dermatopathol 2016 Jul;38(7):475-83

*Resident, Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; †Biomedical Scientist, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; and ‡Consultant Dermatopathologist, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

The use of immunohistochemical markers for myoepithelial cells (MEC) is a useful tool in the distinction of benign from malignant epithelial neoplasms. Although their use in breast tumors is well recognized, little is known concerning its application in comparable cutaneous lesions. Using benign cutaneous cystic apocrine lesions as a study model, the aim of this study was to compare 5 immunohistochemical markers [calponin, p63, smooth muscle actin (SMA), cytokeratin 14, and CD10] in their effectiveness to highlight MEC. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2015 Dec;37(12):885-91

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.

Initial investigations reported GATA3 to be a sensitive and relatively specific marker for mammary and urothelial carcinomas. Recently, GATA3 expression has been described in several other epithelial tumors. However, there has been only limited investigation of GATA3 expression in cutaneous epithelial tumors. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2016 Mar;40(3):410-8

*Department of Dermatology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz †Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain ‡Dermatopathology Friedrichshafen, Friedrichshafen, Germany §Dermatopathology Research Unit, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Digital papillary carcinoma (DPC) is a rare, underreported, and often misdiagnosed malignant tumor of the sweat glands. It is often located on the digits and toes and most commonly occurs in male individuals in their fifties to seventies. Because of lack of pain, slow growth, and an inconspicuous appearance, clinical diagnosis is often missed or delayed. Read More

Orbit 2015 9;34(6):342-4. Epub 2015 Oct 9.

c Department of Ocular Pathology , Medical Research Foundation , Chennai , India.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are cysts resulting from obstruction of the apocrine sweat gland ducts. They are usually solitary and seen in the head and neck areas. Apocrine hidrocystomas are rarely seen in the orbit with very few adult cases published in literature until now. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015 Nov 24;29(11):2231-7. Epub 2015 Aug 24.

Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Naevus sebaceous is a congenital hamartoma commonly associated with the development of secondary neoplasms. There are sparse data relating to the dermoscopy of tumours arising in naevus sebaceous.

Objectives: To evaluate the dermoscopic features of a large series of neoplasms arising in naevus sebaceous. Read More

J Clin Med 2015 Jan 13;4(1):150-8. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

Ophthalmology Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo Stadual University, São Paulo 18607-370, Brazil.

Purpose: To report adult cases of superior orbital apocrine hidrocystoma.

Methods: Retrospective case series of three patients with superior orbital apocrine hidrocystoma and blepharoptosis with review of the clinical aspects of each of the cases.

Results: All three cases presented with blepharoptosis. Read More

Orbit 2015 8;34(4):229-31. Epub 2015 May 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University School of Medicine , New Orleans, Louisiana , USA and.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cystic lesions derived from the sweat glands of Moll and seldom found in the orbit. The authors present a case of a 41-year-old healthy man, with no prior medical history, referred for a painless enlarging mass, medial to his right upper eyelid for the past 3 months. Computed tomography showed a well-defined cystic lesion localized in the supero-medial anterior orbit. Read More

Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 May/Jun;33(3S Suppl 1):S42-S45

*David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary; †Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School; and ‡Cornea and External Diseases, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

An unprecedented pigmented caruncular apocrine hidrocystoma with the additional feature of an oncocytic transformation of the cyst's lining cells is reported. Over a year, a 79-year-old woman developed a centrally pigmented lesion of her right caruncle with translucent borders. Because of concern about a melanoma, a carunculectomy with adjunctive cryotherapy and placement of an amniotic membrane graft were performed, and the excised specimen was evaluated microscopically. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2015 May-Jun;28(3):107-9. Epub 2015 Mar 5.

Department of Dermatology, Tokat Zile State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey.

Acta Derm Venereol 2015 Jul;95(6):762-3

Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Daegu, 718-720 Daegu, Korea.

Acta Derm Venereol 2015 Mar;95(3):376-7

Department of Dermatology, The University of Illinois, Chicago, USA.

Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014 15;7(5):2698-700. Epub 2014 Apr 15.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science Shiga, Japan.

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2014 Apr-Jun;57(2):281-3

Department of Pathology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.

Apocrine hidrocystomas (AHC) are uncommon cystic lesions of apocrine glands and are most often solitary. They are usually found in the head and neck region. Multiple AHC have been rarely reported in the literature usually in the eyelids and face. Read More

Pathologica 2013 Dec;105(6):337-41

Objective: Skin adnexal tumours (SAT) as a whole are rare tumours, and most of our current knowledge on SAT is from single case reports or small series focused on single histotypes. The purpose of this paper is to review a series of benign and malignant SAT diagnosed in a 20-year period.

Methods: All consecutive cases of SAT diagnosed between January 1992 and Dicember 2011 were retrieved. Read More

Skinmed 2013 Sep-Oct;11(5):301-3

Dermatology Department, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Our patient is a 29-year-old woman without any previous disease who presented with different kinds of lesions on her face, neck, and chest. She first noticed the lesions 10 years ago and, since that time, they have become more numerous. She has no affected relatives. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2014 Apr;36(4):318-26

*Division of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY; and †Department of Ophthalmology, Albany Medical College, Lion's Eye Institute, Albany, NY.

A minority of eyelid hidrocystomas are pigmented containing brown-black contents. Chromhidrosis describes the excretion of colored secretions composed of lipofuscin pigments in apocrine gland-rich anatomic locations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of pigmented eyelid cysts. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2013 Nov;69(5):e245-6

Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.

Pediatr Dermatol 2013 Jul-Aug;30(4):491-2

Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.

Head Neck Pathol 2014 Mar 6;8(1):117-21. Epub 2013 Jun 6.

Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0283, Japan,

The hidrocystomas (HCs) are cystic forms of sweat gland resulting from proliferation of the apocrine secretory coil or eccrine duct. Apocrine -HCs are cystic lesions that arise from the apocrine secretory coil, while eccrine -HCs represent retention cysts of the eccrine duct. The commonest site for such lesions is around the eye, and they may also occur on the ears, scalp, chest, shoulders, or feet. Read More

J Dermatol Sci 2013 Jun 16;70(3):211-9. Epub 2013 Mar 16.

Department of Dermatology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Background: Despite our growing knowledge regarding the biology of S100 family proteins in cancers and internal diseases, limited data are available with their distribution in normal skin and in sweat gland tumors.

Objective: To study the expression and distribution pattern of multiple S100 proteins in normal skin and in the tumors of sweat glands.

Methods: Immunohistological staining was performed using S100A2, S100A4, S100A6, S100A7, S100A8/9, S100A11, and S100P in 41 cases of various kinds of sweat gland tumors and in 13 cases of normal skin. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2013 26;6:233-6. Epub 2013 Mar 26.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China ; Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Public Research Platform, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is an uncommon benign adnexal tumor of the skin. It is frequently seen in association with other benign adnexal lesions, such as nevus sebaceous, apocrine nevus, tubular apocrine adenoma, apocrine hidrocystoma, apocrine cystadenoma, and clear cell syringoma. The unusual reported locations of SCAP include the head and neck, the buttock, the vulva, the scrotum, the pinna, the eyelid, the outer ear canal, the forehead, the back, the scalp, the thigh, the nipple, the axilla, and the postoperative scar. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2013 Apr 3;52(4):502-4. Epub 2013 Mar 3.

J Clin Diagn Res 2013 Jan 1;7(1):171-2. Epub 2013 Jan 1.

Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, T K Layout , Mysore-570009, Karnataka, India .

Hidrocystomas are rare cystic lesions that form benign tumours of the sweat glands. In this report, a clinical case of multiple apocrine hidrocystomas on both the upper and lower eyelids, and on both the malar regions has been discussed. These lesions are less likely than the eccrine lesions to occur at the periorbital region. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014 Mar 1;28(3):378-81. Epub 2012 Dec 1.

Dermatology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau i Santa Tecla, Tarragona,Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Alicante, Alicante,Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria "Doctor Negrín", Gran Canaria,Pathology Department, Hospital de Sant Pau i Santa Tecla, Tarragona, Spain.

Background: The dermoscopic morphology of apocrine hidrocystomas remains to be elucidated.

Objective: To evaluate the morphological findings of apocrine hidrocystomas under dermoscopic observation.

Methods: Dermoscopic examination of 22 cases of apocrine hidrocystomas was performed to evaluate specific dermoscopic criteria and patterns. Read More

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2012 Sep-Oct;22(5):284-7

Department of Otolaryngology, İskenderun State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are uncommon cystic proliferations of the apocrine secretory glands. Maxilla is an unexpected involvement site for these tumors. Our study represents the first case of an apocrine hidrocystoma of the maxilla excised by an intraoral (sublabial) approach, being the first to define the radiologic findings of apocrine hidrocystoma on this region. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2012 3;2012:471368. Epub 2012 Jun 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Marienhospital Aachen, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 98, 52066 Aachen, Germany.

A 63-year-old patient presented with a small painless nodular tumour of his left lower eyelid which had increased in size over the last few weeks. The tumour was excised by wedge resection and submitted for ophthalmopathologic examination. Histopathologic examination revealed a cystic lesion of apocrine origin with focal proliferations. Read More

Arch Plast Surg 2012 Jan 15;39(1):86-8. Epub 2012 Jan 15.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eulji University Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.

Int J Ophthalmol 2012 18;5(2):247-8. Epub 2012 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Kyunggi-do, 420-717, Korea.

Eye (Lond) 2012 Jun 13;26(6):895-6. Epub 2012 Apr 13.

Orbit 2012 Apr;31(2):140-2

Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de la Visión Cerro de las Rosas, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba, Argentina.

A 52-year-old man presented with a 5-year history of multiple bilateral apocrine hidrocystomas of the eyelids. For the past 3 years, the patient had developed a mechanical ectropion of the right inferior eyelid secondary to progressive enlargement of the lesions. Different therapeutic options were discussed with the patient. Read More

Orbit 2011 Dec;30(6):316-7

Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane Health Science Centre, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.

Apocrine hidrocystomas are benign cysts of sweat duct origin, originating mainly from the apocrine secretory glands of Moll. They are typically encountered in the head and neck, particularly around the inner canthus of the eyelid. An intraorbital location of this lesion is extremely rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a painless cystic lesion in the ocular adnexa at any age. Read More

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011 Oct;137(10):1031-4

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.

Pol J Pathol 2011 ;62(2):116-7

Northern Ontario Medical School, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brampton, Ontario, Canada.

Apocrine hidrocystoma is a benign cystic tumour. The head and neck region is the site of predilection; occurrence in the scalp is extremely rare. We report a rare case of giant apocrine hidrocystoma with an unusual presentation as scalp haematoma. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2011 Sep;32(7):e54-5

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.

J Cutan Pathol 2011 Sep 14;38(9):720-3. Epub 2011 Jul 14.

Sikl's Department of Pathology, Charles University, Medical Faculty Hospital, Pilsen, Czech Republic.

We present six cases (five females, one male; aged 26-81 years) of dacryops, also known as lacrimal gland cyst, all of which occurred at the outer canthal area below the upper eyelid. All presented clinically as a painless cystic lesion that was white to blue in color. Microscopically, in addition to typical features of dacryops, which is characterized by a partially cystic proliferation that includes a double layer of columnar to cuboidal epithelial cells associated with lobules of lacrimal gland tissue, we identified evidence of apocrine secretion (i. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2011 Feb 18;151(2):358-74.e2. Epub 2010 Dec 18.

David G. Cogan Laboratory of Ophthalmic Pathology, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.

Purpose: To establish reliable criteria for diagnosing eyelid eccrine and apocrine hidrocystomas.

Design: Retrospective clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

Methods: Twenty-two specimens of normal portions of eyelids were evaluated to establish the distribution and microanatomy of eccrine and apocrine glands. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2010 Nov 15;16(11):16. Epub 2010 Nov 15.

Department of Dermatology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Giant, multi-loculated hidrocystomas represent a rare variant of the common, benign hidrocystoma. Hidrocystomas are generally 1-3 mm and rarely exceed 10 mm. We describe a case of giant multi-loculated hidrocystomas 1-2 cm in size that were located near both upper and lower eyelids. Read More