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Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 25;121:26-28. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center and Schneider Children's Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Recurrent periorbital cellulitis (RPOC) associated with rhinosinusitis is rarely noted and scarcely discussed in the literature. The aim of our study was to analyze the characteristics and disease course of a group of pediatric patients with RPOC.

Methods: The medical records of all pediatric patients with a diagnosis of RPOC treated in a tertiary children's hospital were retrieved. Read More

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2018 Dec 29. Epub 2018 Dec 29.

Department of Head-Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Oral Surgery Unit, Morgagni Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì and degli Infermi Hospital, Faenza, Azienda USL della Romagna, Italy.

The use of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in uncontaminated head and neck surgery is still controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an institutional antibiotic prophylactic protocol in preventing surgical site infection after parotidectomy. The medical charts of 448 patients who underwent parotidectomy were reviewed. Read More

Neurosurgery 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Neurosurgery, Ronald Regan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

Background: External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is essential for the management of many neurocritical care patients. However, ventriculostomy-related infection (VRI) is a serious complication, and there remains no well-established protocol guiding use of perioperative or extended antibiotic prophylaxis to minimize risk of VRI.

Objective: To analyze published evidence on the efficacy of extended prophylactic antimicrobial therapy and antibiotic-coated external ventricular drains (ac-EVDs) in reducing VRI incidence. Read More

Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2018 Nov;79(11):643-647

Consultant in Anaesthetics and Critical Care, Department of Anaesthetics and Critical Care, University College Hospital, London.

Background:: Antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial in head and neck surgery to prevent infection from clean contaminated wounds. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidance, the gold standard of practice, recommends that administration of broad spectrum antibiotics is discontinued after 24 hours post-operation. A three-audit cycle quality improvement project was conducted to assess clinical practice against SIGN guidance at a large London teaching hospital. Read More

Clin Otolaryngol 2018 Dec 14;43(6):1508-1512. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Objective: Antibiotic prophylaxis is not indicated for clean head and neck surgery. However, its role in revision cases is not known. The objective was to prospectively test whether antibiotics are useful in this patient group. Read More

Oncotarget 2018 Apr 10;9(27):18970-18984. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is the most serious hematologic toxicity of systemic chemotherapy. However, accurate prediction of FN development has been difficult because the risk varies largely depending on the chemotherapy regimen and various individual factors.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed diverse clinical factors including pretreatment hematological parameters to clarify the reliable predictors of FN development during chemotherapy with a docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (TPF) regimen in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018 Apr 11;127(4):266-269. Epub 2018 Feb 11.

1 Depatment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Otology/Neurotology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Objective: Evaluate whether prophylactic antibiotics administered following cochlear implant (CI) surgery impact short-term infection rates.

Design: Retrospective, concurrent, case-control.

Setting: Tertiary referral center. Read More

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018 Feb 8;144(2):389-401. Epub 2017 Dec 8.

Translational Radiobiology Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, England, M20 4BX, UK.

Purpose: The benefit of adding docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether ICT is well tolerated when given with prophylactic treatment against predicted adverse effects and which patients benefit most.

Methods: A single-centre audit identified 132 HNSCC patients with stage IVa/b neck node-positive disease, prescribed TPF followed by CRT. Read More

Head Neck 2018 02 30;40(2):417-427. Epub 2017 Oct 30.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.

Background: Optimal antibiotic prophylaxis duration in head and neck clean-contaminated free-flap cases is unknown.

Methods: A systematic review/meta-analysis was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web-of-Science, and Scopus databases.

Results: Of the 3755 searched articles, 5 articles were included for a total of 861 patients. Read More

Clin Otolaryngol 2018 02 21;43(1):291-299. Epub 2017 Sep 21.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Patients who have granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, syn. M. Wegener) often develop an external nose deformity which may have devastating psychological effects. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2017 07;18(7):e405-e413

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address:

Head and neck cancer surgery is often a complex multi-step procedure that includes major resections, vascularised tissue reconstruction, and extensive neck dissection. The upper aerodigestive tract mucosal lining is often disrupted during surgery, which requires the management of a clean-contaminated field and the need to reconstruct the mucosal lining. With bacterial contamination, surgical site infections (SSI) are a serious complication that can result in delayed wound healing, wound breakdown, fistula formation, and compromised tissue reconstruction. Read More

J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017 Jul 20;45(7):1078-1082. Epub 2017 Apr 20.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.

Objectives: The adequate perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in head and neck cancer surgery is an important and easy applicable tool to decrease nosocomial morbidity and mortality by reducing the rate of infections. In the study a strictly perioperative antibiosis is compared with an extended postoperative prophylactic antibiosis. We aim to clarify the value of postoperative prophylactic antibiosis for the recovery and clinical course of patients. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2017 Mar - Apr;38(2):204-207. Epub 2017 Jan 19.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Many head and neck surgical procedures are considered clean-contaminated wounds and antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended. Despite prophylaxis, the incidence of surgical site infections remains significant - especially in the setting of free tissue transfer. The antibiotic course is often of a longer duration after free tissue transfer than the recommended 24hour post-operatively. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2016 May;130(S2):S13-S22

Department of Anaesthesia,Freeman Hospital,Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust,Newcastle upon Tyne,UK.

This is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. This paper provides recommendations on the pre-treatment clinical assessment of patients presenting with head and neck cancer. Recommendations • Comorbidity data should be collected as it is important in the analysis of survival, quality of life and functional outcomes after treatment as well as for comparing results of different treatment regimens and different centres. Read More

J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2016 Oct 2;77(5):419-29. Epub 2016 Jun 2.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States.

Traumatic injury to the temporal bone can lead to significant morbidity or mortality and knowledge of the pertinent anatomy, pathophysiology of injury, and appropriate management strategies is critical for successful recovery and rehabilitation of such injured patients. Most temporal bone fractures are caused by motor vehicle accidents. Temporal bone fractures are best classified as either otic capsule sparing or otic capsule disrupting-type fractures, as such classification correlates well with risk of concomitant functional complications. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2016 Jul;22(4):402-4

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri-Turkey.

Pharyngeal foreign bodies are commonly encountered in otolaryngological practice. However, in certain instances, particularly in cases of penetrating injuries, major vascular damage leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Management of these cases includes airway protection, bleeding control, imaging of major vascular injury, and prophylactic antibiotics. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2017 01 23;7(1):30-36. Epub 2016 Aug 23.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Immunology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.

Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies have an increased frequency of sinonasal and pulmonary infections. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement is a standard therapy for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and other antibody deficiency diseases. Although there is convincing evidence that Ig replacement reduces pulmonary infections, there is little evidence that it reduces sinus infections or abates chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2016 Nov 21;125(11):893-899. Epub 2016 Jul 21.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Background: Previous Cochrane review of prophylactic antibiotic use in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery showed no benefit; however, these studies did not address cochlear implant (CI) surgery specifically.

Objective: Systematically review effects of perioperative antibiotics on risk of infections and related complications in CI surgery SEARCH METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL, and Cochrane library were searched from inception to March 2015. Manual searches of bibliographies were also completed. Read More

Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2016 Aug 24;24(3):347-56. Epub 2016 May 24.

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive H091, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.

Prophylactic antibiotic use in facial plastic surgery is a highly controversial topic primarily due to the lack of evidence in support of or against antibiotic use. In this section the authors present the available literature on the most commonly performed procedures within facial plastic surgery in an attempt to see if the data support or contradict the need for antibiotic prophylaxis in facial plastic surgery. Read More

Head Neck 2016 04 24;38 Suppl 1:E1876-80. Epub 2015 Dec 24.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: The value of routine prophylactic antibiotic treatment in parotid gland surgery remains undetermined.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients who underwent parotidectomy at a university-affiliated tertiary care center between 1992 and 2009. Patients with insufficient data, specifically regarding postoperative complications and antibiotic administration were excluded from the study cohort. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016 Sep 18;273(9):2805-11. Epub 2015 Dec 18.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used in head and neck oncologic surgery, due to the clean-contaminated nature of these procedures. There is a wide variety in the use of prophylactic antibiotics regarding the duration of application and the choice of agent. The purpose of this study was to determine whether short-term or long-term antibiotic prophylaxis has an impact on the development of head and neck surgical wound infection (SWI). Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016 Feb 16;154(2):272-8. Epub 2015 Nov 16.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

Objective: The development of surgical site infections (SSIs) can put the viability of free tissue transfer reconstructions at risk, often resulting in considerable postoperative morbidity and prolonged hospitalization. Current antibiotic prophylactic guidelines suggest a first- or second-generation cephalosporin with metronidazole for clean-contaminated cases and recommend clindamycin as an alternative choice in penicillin-allergic patients. This study was designed to examine the rates of postoperative infection associated with prophylactic antibiotic regimens, including patients receiving clindamycin as an alternative due to penicillin allergy. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2015 Nov;26(8):2299-303

*Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine †Section of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery ‡The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.

Background: Evidence supports short-term perioperative prophylaxis for facial fractures. It is unknown, however, whether there is any professional consensus on how to manage these injuries. No multidisciplinary evaluation of the prophylactic antibiotic prescribing patterns for neither operative nor nonoperative facial fractures has been performed. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016 Jan 15;6(1):17-24. Epub 2015 Sep 15.

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT.

Background: Management strategies employed for cases of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea vary widely because of limited evidence-based guidance.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from January 1990 through September 2014 to examine 5 endoscopic repair techniques and 8 perioperative management strategies for CSF rhinorrhea. Benefit-harm assessments, value judgments, and recommendations were made based on the available evidence. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2015 Apr-May;94(4-5):170-7

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, PO Box 980146, Richmond, VA 23298-0146.

We conducted a study to examine the incidence of acute sinusitis following maxillary sinus fractures, as well as the impact of antibiotics in the postinjury period. Fifty patients who presented to our institution with a fracture of the maxillary sinus were prospectively randomized to receive either a nasal saline spray and a 3-day course of antibiotics (either amoxicillin/clavulanate or levofloxacin) or nasal saline alone; there were 25 patients in each group. After a minimum of 3 days, all patients were assessed for acute sinusitis. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015 Dec;141(12):1096-103

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle.

Importance: Evidence supports short courses of perioperative antibiotics for patients receiving minor head and neck procedures. Few studies have addressed antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing free flap reconstruction of head and neck defects.

Objective: To determine ideal antibiotic prophylaxis in patients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction. Read More

HNO 2015 Feb;63(2):118-24

Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68157, Mannheim, Deutschland,

Surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is defined as the administration of an antimicrobial agent prior to contamination in previously sterile spaces and fluid. SAP should not be confused with the therapeutic use of antibiotics. There are a growing number of studies with the goal of answering the question which patients benefit most from SAP during which specific surgical procedure. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2014 8;2014:879437. Epub 2014 Jul 8.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.

Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly used to decrease the rate of infections in head and neck surgery. The aim of this paper is to present the available evidence regarding the application of antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical procedures of the head and neck region in healthy patients. A systemic literature review based on Medline and Embase databases was performed. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2013 Dec;71 Suppl 1:S55-60

From the *Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; †Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; and ‡Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.

Background: Salivary contamination of surgical wounds in clean-contaminated head and neck surgery with free flap reconstruction remains a major cause of infection and leads to significant morbidity. This study investigates the correlation between intraoral flora and surgical site infections (SSIs) among high-risk head and neck cancer patients undergoing resection and free flap reconstruction.

Methods: One hundred twenty-nine patients were identified as being at high risk for infective complications based on cancer stage, tumor size, comorbid factors, and extent of reconstruction. Read More

Laryngoscope 2014 Jan 1;124(1):8-9. Epub 2013 Oct 1.

University of Virginia School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A.

Laryngoscope 2014 Feb 19;124(2):451-5. Epub 2013 Sep 19.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Medical School, Erlangen, Germany.

Objectives/hypothesis: There are several therapeutic approaches to treat juvenile recurrent parotitis. The aim of this study was to compare sialendoscopy, including prophylactic cortisone irrigation, with observation and a conservative approach of antibiotic therapy alone.

Study Design: Retrospective study, tertiary clinical center. Read More

Facial Plast Surg 2012 Oct 1;28(5):473-86. Epub 2012 Oct 1.

Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0528, USA.

Principles to minimize scars include attention to a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic patient factors preoperatively, operatively, and postoperatively. Preoperatively the goal is to maximize the treatment of patient specific comorbidities and limit the usage of medications that can have negative effects on healing. Operatively, the focus is on proper incisional planning, meticulous surgical technique and hemostasis, judicious use of prophylactic antibiotics, and focus on tensionless closures. Read More

J Voice 2013 Jan 13;27(1):115-8. Epub 2012 Jul 13.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Voice Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA.

Infectious complications following phonomicrosurgery are rare. Reports of herpetic laryngitis are in the literature but none following microlaryngoscopy. We present a case of a 55-year-old female who underwent microsurgical excision of a left vocal fold (VF) lesion and KTP ablation of bilateral vascular ectasias. Read More

Facial Plast Surg 2012 Jun 21;28(3):354-7. Epub 2012 Jun 21.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, 1904 Taubman Center 1500 E. Medical CenterDr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Septorhinoplasty is associated with postoperative infection in less than 2% of cases, even without the use of prophylactic antibiotics. However, there is a concern that increasingly prevalent, highly virulent pathogens such as MRSA may predispose to postoperative infections. Over the past several decades, MRSA has emerged as the most important cause of antibiotic-resistant nosocomial infection. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012 Apr 12;146(4):533-8. Epub 2012 Jan 12.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Context: Perioperative antibiotics are widely used to improve the outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence on the effect of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis on outcomes of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Data Sources And Review Methods: We searched electronic databases from inception through May 2011 for any relevant clinical trials or observational studies. Read More

Rev Invest Clin 2011 Nov-Dec;63(6):630-40

Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Tlalpan, México.

The effectiveness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing surgical site infections has been demonstrated. Its utility is recognized for clean-contaminated procedures and some clean surgeries. Prophylactic antibiotics are used as intended to cover the most common germs in the surgical site; first and second generation cephalosporins are the most used. Read More

Laryngoscope 2011 Jul 10;121(7):1473-7. Epub 2011 Jun 10.

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

Objectives/hypothesis: To describe our institution's experience with antibiotic prophylaxis in uncontaminated neck dissection and to identify risk factors associated with postoperative wound infection.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Between April 2006 and June 2010, 244 patients underwent 273 uncontaminated neck dissections at a single tertiary care center. Read More

Rhinology 2011 Mar;49(1):58-63

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Background: Prophylactic antibiotics are often used in septoplasty. However, the number of controlled studies, especially randomized double blind placebo controlled studies on the effect of antibiotics in septum surgery, is very low. The PURPOSE OF THE PRESENT STUDY was to investigate if intravenous cefuroxime given as preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis 30 minutes prior to surgery diminishes the risk of infection after septoplasty during the first postoperative month among patients with normal immune function. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010 Jan 4;62(1):55-9. Epub 2010 Jun 4.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Otolaryngology Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objective: Patients who need major head and neck surgery like laryngectomy are at risk of postoperative wound infection. Although the role of antibiotics in prophylaxis of clean contaminated head and neck surgery has been well documented, controversy exists in the optimal antibiotic regimen.

Methods: In two tertiary referral hospitals (Imam Khomeini and Amir Alam hospital), 90 patients undergoing laryngectomy were prospectively randomized into two groups receiving cefazolin perioperative prophylaxis either for 2 days or for 5 days from June 2004 to March 2006. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010 Mar 16;267(3):375-9. Epub 2009 Sep 16.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Shahid Sadoughi General Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

The objectives of this study are to evaluate the patients who have sinus headaches, either self-ascribed or physician-diagnosed, and to determinate the response to sodium valproate in a prophylactic treatment of the patients without positive sino-nasal findings. "Sinus headache" is a patient's complaint or physician-diagnosis that can have a variety of underlying causes. The patients are often treated with multiple courses of antibiotics and occasionally undergo a sinus surgery, often with little or no relief of their symptoms. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2009 Jul-Aug;23(4):448-50

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern Sinus and Allergy Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.

Background: Use of antibiotic prophylaxis in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery is a practice that exhibits significant variation among practitioners, and trends vary by subspecialties within the field. The objective of this study was to assess these habits among otolaryngologists with special interest or experience in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods: Attendees of the 2008 Annual Meeting of the American Rhinologic Society were surveyed regarding practice patterns and attitudes concerning the use of prophylactic i. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2009 Aug 5;25(8):915-23. Epub 2009 May 5.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Dana Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Introduction: Post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leak from the anterior cranial fossa in children may be isolated or combined with severe facial and calvarial injury. Untreated leak may result with meningitis, hydrocephalus, and abnormal neurocognitive development.

Patients And Methods: We present nine children, ages 4-16 years, with complicated craniofacial injury treated by a combined subcranial and intracranial approach. Read More

Rhinology 2006 Dec;44(4):249-54

Rhinology - Olfactology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

Aim: The prevalence of intracellular Staphylococcus aureus organisms in the nasal mucosa of patients with recurrent infectious rhinosinusitis episodes was studied.

Method: Twenty-seven consecutive adult patients who failed medical management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) of multiple origins, associated or not with nasal polyposis, were consecutively enrolled for endonasal sinus surgery (including partial middle turbinectomy, middle antrostomy, ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy) and followed for a 12-month post-operative period.

Results: Seventeen of these patients showed the presence of intracellular S. Read More

Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006 Apr;14(2):55-61

Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

Purpose Of Review: An overview of best evidence-based current practice in the use of prophylactic antibiotics in elective oncological head and neck surgery is presented.

Recent Findings: Patients undergoing head and neck oncological surgery are at great risk of developing complications following surgery. The incidence of wound infection has been reported to be as high as 87%, often with devastating effects. Read More

Otolaryngol Pol 2005 ;59(6):919-23

Klinika Nowotworów Głowy i Szyi Centrum Onkologii--Instytut im. M.Skłodowskiej-Curie w Warszawie.

Infection rate registered on the basis of clinical symptoms and of microbiological forms in patients treated in Surgery Division, Head & Neck Cancer Department during 2001-2003, was analyzed. Total number of patients treated was 2343. In 664 preoperative microbiological cultures have been obtained from suspected areas and in 52. Read More

Head Neck 2005 Aug;27(8):703-9

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Nijmegen, P. O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Background: Cricopharyngeal dysfunction may lead to severe dysphagia and aspiration. Several treatment modalities are available, such as external myotomy of the muscle, dilatation, and local infiltration with botulinum toxin. Recently, endoscopic transmucosal myotomies using a CO2 laser have been described. Read More

Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004 Sep;130(9):1084-7

Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Green Lane Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that extended postoperative antibiotic cover would reduce the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery with tracheostomy.

Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial was carried out to determine the efficacy of an extended course (5 days) of intravenous amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in reducing the rate of atelectasis and pulmonary infections postoperatively. Other possible risk factors that might predispose to pulmonary complications were also evaluated. Read More

Sleep Breath 2000 ;4(4):155-162

Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic, Mannheim, Germany.

Over the last few years, different surgical techniques for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome have been developed. While new methods for the treatment of velopharyngeal obstruction turned out to be safe and effective, treatment of hypopharyngeal obstruction due to tongue base hypertrophy has remained, in many aspects, an unsolved problem. Surgical techniques for partial resection of the tongue base (midline glossectomy, lingualplasty) are effective but very invasive procedures requiring temporary tracheotomy, and have high postoperative morbidity. Read More

Pediatrics 2001 Sep;108(3):798-808

This clinical practice guideline formulates recommendations for health care providers regarding the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of children, ages 1 to 21 years, with uncomplicated acute, subacute, and recurrent acute bacterial sinusitis. It was developed through a comprehensive search and analysis of the medical literature. Expert consensus opinion was used to enhance or formulate recommendations where data were insufficient. Read More

Laryngoscope 2001 Feb;111(2):329-35

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.

Objectives/hypothesis: Patients undergoing contaminated head and neck surgery with flap reconstruction have wound infection rates of 20% to 25% with parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis. Studies suggest that perioperative antimicrobial mouthwash reduces oropharyngeal flora and may prevent wound infections. We hypothesized that the addition of topical antibiotics to a parenteral prophylactic regimen would reduce the incidence of wound infection in these high-risk patients. Read More