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Arch Oral Biol 2018 Nov 28;98:238-242. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether anterior tongue muscle strengthening exercises can affect the strength of posterior tongue muscles.

Design: Eleven healthy subjects (20.6 ± 1. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Skull Base and Cerebrovascular Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. Electronic address: http://skullbaselab.ucsf.edu.

Introduction: Anterior-inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) aneurysms are rare with no optimal consensus on management strategies. When the treatment requires parent artery occlusion post-operative ischemic or neuropathic, complications can occur.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of direct revascularization of premeatal AICA using the middle meningeal artery (MMA) as the donor through an anterior petrosectomy (APA) window. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):157-162

Servicio de Cirugía Articular, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México.

Background: Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) aims to restore the original anatomy. The clinical outcome could be imperfect when graft placement is not in an anatomical position; moreover, the conventional transtibial reconstruction of the ACL often locates the graft away from the anatomical site, leading to abnormal biomechanical behavior and kinematics of the knee. The objective of this work was to assess the importance of the angular reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament during arthroscopic replacement and to compare the postoperative functional results. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Otolaryngology Department, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Indications of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) are conditioned by the risk of local relapse.

Objective: To evaluate prognostic factors of local relapse and local control with TLM (LC-TLM).

Methods: Local relapse and LC-TLM were evaluated in 1119 patients. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):5785-5794

Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Purpose: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a complication after cataract surgery, particularly in children. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells, mediated by transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), contributes to PCO. However, its pathogenesis in children is poorly understood. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208763. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.

Clinicians commonly recommend increased hydration to patients with voice disorders. However, effects on clinical voice outcome measures have been inconsistent. Hydration-induced change within different layers of vocal fold tissue is currently unknown. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208620. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Anterior temporal lobe hyperintensities detected by brain MRI are a recognized imaging hallmark of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Because similar findings may be present in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the brain MRI in these two diseases is often misinterpreted. We compared the MRI findings between the two entities to examine whether they display distinctive characteristics. Read More

Folia Med Cracov 2018 ;58(3):83-87

Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of Veria, Veria, Greece.

Meckel's diverticulum represents a remnant of the proximal end of the omphalomesenteric duct, which constitutes a connection between the middle intestine and the vitelline vesicle. It is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract and is found in approximately 0.3-2% of the general population. Read More

Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018 Dec 6:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

d Department of Pharmacology, University of Giresun, Giresun, Turkey.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is found in both the plasma and synovial fluid of patients with gonarthrosis. In the present study, we investigated whether intra-articular injection of sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) (1 mM, 30 μL), a HS donor, might affect gonarthrosis in rats. Gonarthrosis was induced surgically in the left knees of rats and left for 6 weeks for the development of disease. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 20;44. Epub 2018 Oct 20.

Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.

Introduction: Endometriosis consists in the proliferation of endometrial tissue outside of the uterine cavity, predominantly in the ovaries but also in the urinary bladder or bowel. About 10% of fertile women are affected and the main symptoms are pain, menstrual disorders and infertility. Surgery is the treatment option for those symptomatic patients in which medical treatment had no success. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Sep 20;44. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Urology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea.

Introduction And Objective: Perforation of the bladder or urethra and erosion of the mesh after cystocele repair surgery are not uncommon and have potentially serious complications. Traditionally, surgical management of such complications has involved excision of the mesh using either a transurethral approach or open surgery. In this video, we present our experience of laparoscopic transvesical surgery for exposed mesh and stone. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2018 Dec;19(12):724-726

U.O.C. Cardiologia Interventistica-UTIC, Ospedale Santo Spirito, Pescara.

Patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) if symptomatic for angina or with extensive inducible ischemia at provocative tests may be revascularized percutaneously or surgically. Percutaneous revascularization can be performed by antegrade or retrograde approach. In our case, in the presence of a long CTO of the left anterior descending coronary artery, the antegrade approach was chosen using an intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) catheter positioned in a secondary branch, to accurately identify the proximal lesion cap. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Ceyhan State Hospital Ophthalmology Department, Adana, Turkey.

The study was aimed to present a rare case of who developed non arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) following robotic-assisted gynaecologic surgery. A 58-year-old female patient presented with vision loss in right eye after non-complicated robotic-assisted total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy. We observed on fundoscopy optic disc edema and splinter hemorrhages at the optic disc edges. Read More

Saudi Med J 2018 Dec;39(12):1213-1217

Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. E-mail.

Objectives: To explore the atherosclerotic changes of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) in patients with early onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Transthoracic echocardiographic scans were performed on 15 early RA patients and 20 control subjects, free of rheumatological diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Out of 15 RA patients, 10 were matched for age and gender with control. Read More

Acta Bioeng Biomech 2018 ;20(4):25-30

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, W. Dega University Hospital, Poznań, Poland.

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that the length of the lumbar spine is decreasing with age. Despite considerable research based on sagittal measurements, little is known about the changes in the volume of vertebrae. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the volume of either column of the spine with age. Read More

Acta Bioeng Biomech 2018 ;20(4):89-100

Division of Sports Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.

Purpose: The observational study evaluated isokinetic parameters in patients at eight months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) utilizing semitendinosus and gracilis tendons autograft, with two different modes of physiotherapy, and investigated whether analysed parameters were affected by the postoperative physiotherapy supervision duration.

Methods: Strict exclusion criteria were employed on a group of 259 ACL-reconstructed patients to identify two groups of males preoperatively well trained and frequently participating in sports, with different durations of postoperative physiotherapy supervision: Group I (n = 18; x = 27.67 weeks) and Group II (n = 20; x = 10. Read More

Zoolog Sci 2018 Dec;35(6):535-547

2 Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-4-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan.

Most ascidian species settle on underwater substrates during a short free-swimming tadpole larval period. During this process, "rapid adhesion" occurs on adhesive papillae located at the anterior region of the cephalenteron. Settled and transformed ascidians subsequently expand the attachment area by "slow adhesion" with ampullae. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Anestheiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China.

Neuropathic pain is a somatosensory disorder which is caused by disease or nerve injury that affects the nervous system. microRNAs (miRNAs) are proved to play crucial roles in the development of neuropathic pain. However, the role of miR-202 in neuropathic pain is still unknown. Read More

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Nordsjaellands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.

Background: We performed a randomised blinded pilot study in 16 healthy volunteers to assess whether placing a suture-method catheter in the adductor canal is feasible with two different insertion techniques.

Methods: Each volunteer had a suture-method catheter placed approximately halfway between the superior anterior iliac spine and base of the patella in both legs. Catheters were placed using a parallel technique in one leg and a perpendicular technique in the other leg, according to randomisation. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, P.O. Box 730000, Lanzhou, China.

Despite many neuroimaging studies in the past years, the neuroanatomical substrates of major depressive disorder (MDD) subcortical structures are still not well understood. Since hippocampus and amygdala are the two vital subcortical structures that most susceptible to MDD, finding the evidence of morphological changes in their subregions may bring some new insights for MDD research. Combining structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with novel morphometry analysis methods, we recruited 25 MDD patients and 28 healthy controls (HC), and investigated their volume and morphological differences in hippocampus and amygdala. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.

Although in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) functional connectivity (FC) is frequently used to examine deregulated brain networks, neurobiological data from other sources may be required to interpret these FC findings. In 16 melancholic TRD patients with a high level of treatment resistance and 16 closely matched healthy never-depressed individuals we verified whether sgACC FC patterns were related to regional metabolic activity (CMRglc) with FDG PET imaging. Notwithstanding that TRD patients displayed stronger sgACC FC with the right lateral frontotemporal cortex, metabolically they exhibited the opposite pattern. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Introduction: Infantile nephropathic cystinosis (INC) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal disorder in which patients develop deposits of cystine crystals in their kidneys and corneas from a young age.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of children with INC seen by ophthalmologists at the Manchester Royal Eye Hospital between 2002 and 2018, to evaluate clinical findings, symptoms and treatment.

Results: Twenty-two children diagnosed with INC from age 0 (prenatally) to 11 years were assessed. Read More

Phys Rev E 2018 Nov;98(5)

Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom.

The embryos of the green alga are spherical sheets of cells that turn themselves inside out at the close of their development through a programme of cell shape changes. This process of inversion is a model for morphogenetic cell sheet deformations; it starts with four lips opening up at the anterior pole of the cell sheet, flipping over and peeling back to invert the embryo. Experimental studies have revealed that inversion is arrested if some of these cell shape changes are inhibited, but the mechanical basis for these observations has remained unclear. Read More

Front Psychol 2018 21;9:2291. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Cognitive Neuroscience Section, UCM-ISCIII Center for Human Evolution and Behavior, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Emotional information significantly affects cognitive processes, as proved by research in the past decades. Recently, emotional effects on language comprehension and, particularly, syntactic processing, have been reported. However, more research is needed, as this is yet very scarce. Read More

Front Hum Neurosci 2018 15;12:460. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.

Recent evidence has suggested that visual working memory (VWM) plays an important role in representing the target prior to initiating a visual search. The more familiar we are with the search target, the more refined the representation of the target (or "target template") becomes. This sharpening of the target template is thought to underlie the reduced response time (RT) and increased accuracy associated with repeatedly searching for the same target. Read More

Front Cell Neurosci 2018 21;12:436. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

To find satisfactory treatment strategies for neuropathic pain syndromes, the cellular mechanisms should be illuminated. Central sensitization is a generator of pain hypersensitivity, and is mainly reflected in neuronal hyperexcitability in pain pathway. Neuronal excitability depends on two components, the synaptic inputs and the intrinsic excitability. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 8;10:5553-5558. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Otolaryngology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy,

Background: Laryngeal early glottic tumors can benefit from different treatment modalities, including transoral laser microsurgery, open partial horizontal laryngectomy (OPHL), and radiotherapy. However, the treatment of early glottic tumors with the involvement of the anterior commissure remains controversial. The studies about the role of anterior commissure involvement in oncologic outcomes in patients with early glottic cancer treated with supracricoid laryngectomy (SCL) are very few. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Purpose: To assess Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) without performing a peripheral iridotomy (PI) prior to or during surgery ("PI-less DMEK").

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients that underwent PI-less DMEK by a single surgeon (E.L) between February 2016 and February 2017 at the Rabin Medical Center, a Tertiary Hospital. Read More

Nature 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Laboratory for Evolutionary Morphology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe, Japan.

Jawed vertebrates have inner ears with three semicircular canals, the presence of which has been used as a key to understanding evolutionary relationships. Ostracoderms, the jawless stem gnathostomes, had only two canals and lacked the lateral canal. Lampreys, which are modern cyclostomes, are generally thought to possess two semicircular canals whereas the hagfishes-which are also cyclostomes-have only a single canal, which used to be regarded as a more primitive trait. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Dec 5:1-161. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Jichi Medical University , Shimotsuke , Tochigi , Japan.

Objectives: To clarify perinatal outcomes of patients with placenta previa (PP) with the placenta mainly positioned in the lateral uterine wall (lateral PP), thereby clinically characterizing this condition.

Study Design: The retrospective cohort study was performed involving patients with lateral PP between January 2006 and December 2016. The placental position was determined and classified by magnetic resonance imaging. Read More

Asian Spine J 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Study Design: Retrospective case analysis.

Purpose: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior sublaminar wiring (PSLW) and/or transarticular screw fixation (TASF) for reducible atlantoaxial instability (AAI) secondary to os odontoideum.

Overview Of Literature: Limited information is available about the surgical outcomes of symptomatic os odontoideum with AAI. Read More

Med Probl Perform Art 2018 Dec;33(4):231-237

Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Ramiro de Maeztu 14, 46900 Torrent, Spain. Tel +34963637412.

Dancers are subjected to high-intensity workouts when they practice dancesport, and according to the literature, they are prone to injury, primarily of the lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences exist in relative activation amplitudes for dancers involved in dancesport due to muscle, gender, and type of dance. Measurements were carried out using surface electromyography equipment during the choreography of a performance in the following leg muscles: rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius medialis. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Hôpital Privé Sainte Marie, Groupe Ramsay General de Sante, Chalon sur Saône, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse is an important public health issue due to the ageing population. The Food and Drug Administration, in 2011, issued a warning on complications after transvaginal insertion of high weight mesh. We evaluated a 6 tension-free straps, light prosthesis made from polypropylene monofilaments. Read More

Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Departments of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands; Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate the construct validity of the new thumb base OA MRI scoring system (TOMS) by comparing TOMS scores with radiographic scores in patients with primary hand OA.

Design: In 200 patients (83.5% women, mean (SD) age 61. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Meyer Children's University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

Purpose: Pectus arcuatum is an anterior chest wall deformity that requires transverse wedge sternotomy. Determining and delivering the correct cutting angle is crucial for successful correction. We present the early clinical experience with a novel cutting template technology able to deliver the optimal cutting angle. Read More

Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Section of Graduate Periodontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Collagen matrices used around immediate implants may reduce morbidity although there is limited evidence on their performance.

Purpose: To evaluate soft and hard tissue changes when combining immediate implants, hard and soft tissue grafting, and an immediate provisional restoration.

Material And Methods: In 12 patients, immediate implants were placed in the anterior maxillary and first premolar area together with a xenogeneic bone substitute. Read More

J Med Entomol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Avenida Pedro Teixeira, Manaus, PMG, Brazil.

The mosquito midgut is divided into two regions named anterior midgut (AMG) and posterior midgut (PMG). The midgut expands intensely after the blood ingestion to accommodate a large amount of ingested food. To efficiently support the bloodmeal-induced changes, the organization of the visceral muscle fibers has significant adjustments. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE.

Traditional fronto-orbital advancement continues to be a useful operation for correction of craniosynostosis involving the coronal or metopic sutures. Recently, distraction osteogenesis has been used to correct a variety of cranial deformities. Studies have mostly focused on posterior vault distraction due to its simplicity and greater volume gain when compared with anterior vault distraction. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Interdental distraction osteogenesis has been introduced as a successful treatment protocol for repairing large clefts. In this article, a new method for reconstruction of the premaxilla in 2 bilateral cleft lip and palate patients is introduced. The aim was to distract the lateral segments through the curve of the dental arch, achieve complete closure of the gaps, and use the premaxilla as a bone graft. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD) and stereotactic gamma knife surgery (GKS) in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in the elderly.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 137 elderly cases with TN underwent MVD, partial sensory rhizotomy (PR) treatment from August 2007 to March 2017 and 56 cases underwent GKS treatment from May 2014 to February 2017 was made, compared the efficacy of MVD and GKS in different age groups.

Results: In 125 patients of MVD alone, the responsible vessels included 60 cases of superior cerebellar artery, 55 cases of anterior inferior cerebellar artery, 4 cases of venous vascular compression, 13 cases of mixed arteriovenous compression and 3 cases of vertebral artery, and 2 cases of no responsible vessel. Read More

Clin Spine Surg 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY.