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Psychiatry Res 2019 Feb 11;274:20-26. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

The correct functioning of the chemosensory pathway is pivotal for the attitude towards feeding. In some neuropsychiatric disorders, abnormalities of the sensory processing dramatically affect feeding behavior; however, evidences for an olfactory involvement in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are still controversial. We administered a complete olfactory testing battery, the Sniffin' Sticks Extended Test, to a cohort of 19 girls with Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa (AN-R) and 19 healthy controls. Read More

Internet Interv 2019 Apr 22;16:76-85. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Section of Eating Disorders, PO Box 59, 16, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a life-threatening mental disorder that is associated with substantial caregiver burden. Carers of individuals with AN report high levels of distress and self-blame, and insufficient knowledge to help their loved ones. However, carers can have a very important role to play in aiding recovery from AN, and are often highly motivated to assist in the treatment process. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Objective: To compare bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition among adolescents: (a) with atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) versus anorexia nervosa (AN) and (b) those with and without a prior history of overweight.

Method: Electronic medical records of patients 9-20 years with AN or AAN who underwent dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

Results: A total of 286 adolescents with AN or AAN were included. Read More

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Eating Disorder Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:

Objective: Functional MRI studies have repeatedly shown alterations in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). These alterations might be driven by baseline signal characteristics such as the (fractional) amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (fALFF/ALFF), as well as regional signal consistency [ie. regional homogeneity (ReHo)] within circumscribed brain regions. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Mar 29;14(3):423-426. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Tor Vergata University, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Radiology, Viale Montpellier, 1, postal code 00133, Rome, Italy.

Nowadays tuberculosis has become a reemerging infectious disease due to the many forms of immunodeficiency. Patients with eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia are a susceptible group due to the immune impairment correlated with severe malnutrition and their prevalence and incidence is growing. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman, with long-standing history of anorexia nervosa and bulimia, diagnosed with advanced pulmonary tuberculosis. Read More

Can Fam Physician 2019 Feb;65(2):107-108

I recently saw in my office a patient whom I had initially diagnosed with anorexia nervosa 6 months earlier and she was continuing to lose weight. Her physical examination findings in the office revealed a blood pressure of 85/55 mm Hg and a heart rate of 55 beats/min at rest. Should patients such as this one be sent to the hospital for inpatient monitoring and treatment? There is a lack of clear evidence-based guidelines for hospital admission of adolescents with anorexia nervosa, resulting in a high degree of variation in practices among physicians. Read More

Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2019 Feb 15:1359104519827629. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2017SGR881, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain.

Objective:: To assess the outcome of adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) about 20 years after first treatment.

Methods:: Sixty-two women diagnosed with AN during adolescence were invited to participate. Of these 62 patients, 38 agreed to participate and were assessed with a battery of questionnaires and interviews. Read More

BJPsych Open 2019 Jan;5(1):e6

Professor of Health Economics, King's Health Economics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,King's College London,UK.

Background: Perspectives of young people with eating disorders and their parents on helpful aspects of care should be incorporated into evidence-based practice and service design, but data are limited.AimsTo explore patient and parent perspectives on positive and negative aspects of care for young people with eating disorders.

Method: Six online focus groups with 19 young people aged 16-25 years with existing or past eating disorders and 11 parents. Read More

Minerva Pediatr 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Faculty of Educational Science, Suor Orsola Benicasa University, Naples, Italy.

Background: Eating disorders display several psychiatric comorbidities. The aim of this study was to describe these comorbidities in a group of adolescent patients with Anorexia Nervosa or ED- NOS (Eating Disorder not otherwise specified); in detail, we have evaluated the comorbidity both with a clinical interview (categorical comorbidities) and with a self-report interview (dimensional comorbidities) in order to compare the two profiles.

Methods: The study was carried out at the child and adolescent psychiatry division (eating disorder service for developmental age) of the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (ex Second University of Naples). Read More

Eur Eat Disord Rev 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Psychiatry and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Objective: Early response, as indicated by early weight gain, in family-based treatment (FBT) for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) predicts remission at end of treatment. However, little is known about what factors contribute to early response. Further, no previous studies have examined early response to separated forms of FBT. Read More

Trials 2019 Feb 13;20(1):128. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of General Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Missionsstrasse 62a, 4055, Basel, Switzerland.

Background: Binge-eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of loss of control over eating and is related to a higher prevalence of other mental disorders and somatic consequences associated with overweight and obesity. In community-based samples, 2-4% of women and 1-3% men are diagnosed with BED. Psychotherapeutic interventions focusing on maintenance factors of disturbed eating behavior have proven to be effective. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: Since its introduction to the psychiatric nomenclature in 2013, research on avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has proliferated highlighting lack of clarity in how ARFID is defined.

Method: In September 2018, a small multi-disciplinary pool of international experts in feeding disorder and eating disorder clinical practice and research convened as the Radcliffe ARFID workgroup to consider operationalization of DSM-5 ARFID diagnostic criteria to guide research in this disorder.

Results: By consensus of the Radcliffe ARFID workgroup, ARFID eating is characterized by food avoidance and/or restriction, involving limited volume and/or variety associated with one or more of the following: weight loss or faltering growth (e. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Jan;52(1):42-50

Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Objective: To examine psychiatric and somatic correlates of DSM-5 eating disorders (EDs)-anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge-eating disorder (BED)-in a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States.

Method: A national sample of 36,309 adult participants in the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions III (NESARC-III) completed structured diagnostic interviews (AUDADIS-5) to determine psychiatric disorders, including EDs, and reported 12-month diagnosis of chronic somatic conditions. Prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders and somatic conditions were calculated across the AN, BN, and BED groups and a fourth group without specific ED; multiple logistic regression models compared the likelihood of psychiatric/somatic conditions with each specific ED relative to the no-specific ED group. Read More

Transl Psychiatry 2019 Feb 12;9(1):87. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Inserm UMR1073, Nutrition, Gut and Brain Laboratory, 76183, Rouen, France.

Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) plays a key role in regulation of appetite activated by its main ligand α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in both central and peripheral targets. α-MSH also binds to circulating immunoglobulins (Igs) but the functional significance of such immune complexes (ICs) in MC4R signaling in normal and pathological conditions of altered appetite has remained unknown. To address this question, we analyzed plasma levels, affinity kinetics, and binding epitopes of α-MSH-reactive IgG extracted from plasma samples of female patients with hyperphagic obesity, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and healthy controls. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 11;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Manchester Medical School, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

J Dev Behav Pediatr 2019 Feb/Mar;40(2):92-98

Division of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.

Objective: To examine the medical assessment and triage of pediatric patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) initially seen in primary care.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted for all pediatric patients with AN who had eating/weight concerns and initially identified symptoms in primary care in a single health care system between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016. Information on presenting concern, medical assessment/laboratory tests, clinical diagnoses, treatment recommendations, and referrals were abstracted from the medical record. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2019 Jan-Feb;61(1):101-102

Department of Dermatology and STD, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

Mol Psychiatry 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and other eating disorders continue to constitute significant challenges for individual and public health. AN is thought to develop as a result of complex interactions between environmental triggers, psychological risk factors, sociocultural influences, and genetic vulnerability. Recent research developments have highlighted a novel potentially relevant component in the AN etiology-activity of the histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) gene that has emerged in several recent studies related to AN. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Psychiatry Skane, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Centre, Lund, Sweden.

Objective: To compare long term outcome between childhood-onset Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and low-weight Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in regard to psychiatric diagnoses, social and occupational functioning.

Method: A consecutive series of 56 children originally treated for low-weight restrictive eating disorder (ED) were followed up after a mean of 15.9 years. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 22;9:759. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.

This study investigated deficits in decision-making ability in female college students at high risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the prospect valence learning (PVL) model. Based on scores on the Korean version of the Eating Attitude Test-26 (KEAT-26), participants were assigned to either the high risk for AN group ( = 42) or the control group ( = 43). The high risk for AN group exhibited significantly lower total net scores and block net scores on the third, fourth, and fifth blocks of the IGT than the control group did. Read More

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019 Feb 13;58(2):191-199. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; the University of Geneva, Switzerland; and the Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK. Electronic address:

Objective: To examine whether childhood body mass index (BMI) trajectories are prospectively associated with later eating disorder (ED) diagnoses.

Method: Using a subsample from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N = 1,502), random-coefficient growth models were used to compare premorbid BMI trajectories of individuals who later developed anorexia nervosa (n = 243), bulimia nervosa (n = 69), binge-eating disorder (n = 114), and purging disorder (n = 133) and a control group without EDs or ED symptoms (n = 966). BMI was tracked longitudinally from birth to 12. Read More

J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019 Feb 4;58(2):156-158. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

Two prevalent eating disorders (ED) in adolescence are anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). AN is characterized primarily by an extensive restriction of energy intake leading to significantly low body weight. In contrast, the cardinal symptom of BN is uncontrolled eating of an abnormally large amount of food, followed by compensatory behavior to avoid weight gain (eg, self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse). Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE58AF, UK.

Purpose: Emotional difficulties in young people (YP) with anorexia nervosa (AN) are well recognised. Improved strategies are needed to support inpatients to tolerate group therapy and to help them to better identify and manage their emotions. Cognitive Remediation and Emotion Skills Training (CREST) for AN adults, aimed at improving emotional processing skills, has been found beneficial in adult AN groups. Read More

Eur Eat Disord Rev 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Objective: According to Fairburns transdiagnostic model of eating disorders (EDs), high levels of perfectionism and low self-esteem are two core traits across EDs. This study investigates the role of self-esteem as a transdiagnostic moderator of the relationship between perfectionism and ED symptoms across EDs.

Method: A large group of patients (n = 732) completed several questionnaires measuring perfectionism, self-esteem, and disordered eating symptomatology, more specifically, drive for thinness (DFT) and body dissatisfaction (BD). Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138, Naples, Italy.

Purpose: Childhood trauma and parental bonding have been widely recognized as risk factors for eating disorders (EDs). However, their interplay in determining ED psychopathology has been poorly investigated. Consequently, we have assessed their interaction with core ED psychopathological symptoms. Read More

Psychosom Med 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.

Objectives: Longitudinal data allow for conclusions about the temporal order of events and interactional dynamics between several processes. The aim of this article is to provide a concise and pragmatic description of time series analyses (TSA) of patient samples with numerous (or daily) repeated biological, behavioral, or psychological measurements. In addition, the article demonstrates how to implement the described analyses with the software R. Read More

Can J Diet Pract Res 2019 02 7:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

a School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College, London, ON.

At least 5% of women have an eating disorder (ED) during pregnancy. These EDs affect prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy, factors associated with birth complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. This review contributes to the literature by examining several adverse birth outcomes associated with EDs and differentiates between past and present EDs. Read More

J Abnorm Psychol 2019 Feb;128(2):129-139

Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne.

Recent research has identified the important but overlooked role of negative affect in the maintenance of dietary restriction. However, understanding how fluctuations in negative affect relate to symptoms of anorexia nervosa (AN) during treatment is limited. In a longitudinal study, the reciprocal associations between higher and lower order dimensions of negative affect and dietary restraint were examined in adolescents undergoing treatment for AN. Read More

Front Psychol 2019 18;10:15. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda, Italy.

Eating rituals are any problematic behaviors involving food. They are usually observed in patients with anorexia nervosa, but research into these behaviors and their role in treatment outcomes is lacking. We set out to assess the presence of eating rituals in patients with anorexia nervosa treated by means of intensive enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT-E), in addition to their change over time and role as potential predictors of treatment outcome. Read More

Eat Disord 2019 Feb 3:1-16. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

d Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.

Little is known about how severe anorexia nervosa (AN) in youths affects siblings and siblings' experiences of family-based treatment for AN. Thirteen youths (M age = 15.5 years, SD = 3. Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2019 Feb 2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Allergology and Gastroenterology, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University of Toruń, M. Curie Skłodowskiej 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Purpose: Anorexia nervosa is a chronic disease which may result in various complications. In pediatric clinical practice, it is common to observe complications related to progressive cachexia caused by malnutrition; however, cases of severe complications, like electrolyte disorders, which represent a direct threat to life, due to polydipsia, are rarely observed. The purpose of this study is to highlight that excessive drinking is of primary importance in anorexia nervosa patients, as it can result in severe medical complications, including increased risk of death. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Objective: Involvement in bullying and teasing has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including eating disorders (EDs). The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between bullying/teasing and EDs.

Method: A systematic search was conducted. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the medical and psychological characteristics of children under the age of 13 years with avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and anorexia nervosa (AN) from a Canadian tertiary care pediatric eating disorders program.

Method: Participants included 106 children assessed between 2013 and 2017 using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Data were collected through clinical interviews, psychometric questionnaires, and chart review. Read More

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Cannabinoid Research and Treatment Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.

We conducted a review of systematic reviews (SRs) and randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) to analyze efficacy and safety of cannabis-based medication in patients with mental disorders. Five data bases were systematically searched (2006-August 2018); 4 SRs (of 11 RCTs) and 14 RCTs (1629 participants) were included. Diagnoses were: dementia, cannabis and opioid dependence, psychoses/schizophrenia, general social anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Tourette`s disorder. Read More

Front Psychol 2018 17;9:2488. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disorder characterized by alterations in body perception. Recent literature suggested that AN can also impair the processing of stimuli from inside the body (i.e. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03 17;42(1):93-103. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, RWTH University Aachen, Neuenhofer Weg 21, Aachen D-52074, Germany. Electronic address:

Growing interest exists in the association of gut bacteria with diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and psychiatric disorders. Gut microbiota influence the fermentation of nutrients, body-weight regulation, gut permeability, hormones, inflammation, immunology, and behavior (gut-brain axis). Regarding anorexia nervosa (AN), altered microbial diversity and taxa abundance were found and associated with depressive, anxious, and eating disorder symptoms. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03 3;42(1):75-91. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 98, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are characterized by severely restricted intake, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors like self-induced vomiting. The neurobiological underpinnings of these maladaptive behaviors are poorly understood, but the application of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging to eating disorders has begun to elucidate their pathophysiology. Specifically, this review focuses on 3 areas that suggest paths forward: reward, cognitive and behavioral control, and decision making. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03;42(1):59-73

Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Translational Lab Building Room a3-112 - 3rd Floor, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Translational Lab Building Room a3-112 - 3rd Floor, 938 West 28th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada.

Anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge-eating disorder (BED) are heritable conditions that are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of AN have identified specific genetic loci implicated in AN, and genetic correlations have implicated both psychiatric and metabolic factors in its origin. No GWAS have been performed for BN or BED. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03;42(1):157-167

Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street, London, WC1N 3JH, UK; Population, Policy and Practice Programme, University College London Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, WC1N 1EH, London, UK. Electronic address:

This article provides an update based on recently published literature and expert consensus on the current state of knowledge regarding feeding and eating disorders in children aged 2 to 12 years. It covers the 6 main diagnostic categories-pica, rumination disorder, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder-discussing issues and findings specific to this age group. It highlights the need for ongoing research in a number of key areas, to include improved understanding of etiologic pathways, characterization of presenting disorders, and the development of standardized evidence-based assessment tools and treatment interventions. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03 22;42(1):11-19. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 103, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8BP, UK; Eating Disorders Unit, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham BR3 3BX, UK.

Recent advances in the understanding of aetiologic elements underlying anorexia nervosa have provided valuable insights and are transforming the way this illness is treated. The aim of this article is to consider how neuropsychological understanding and new research can be used to develop a more individualized and personalized approach in the management of this serious illness. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03 17;42(1):105-119. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Psychology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2530 Dole Street, Sakamaki C400, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA.

Personality variables have long been implicated in the onset and maintenance of eating disorders, as well as in symptom divergence between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Clinical observations are broadly supported by the data, with restricting anorexia nervosa associated with higher levels of constraint and Persistence, and binge-purge behaviors linked to the tendency to take impulsive action when emotionally distressed. Considerable heterogeneity is found within diagnostic categories, however, suggesting that different personality structures may predispose individuals to develop disordered eating through alternative pathways. Read More

Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019 03 3;42(1):1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) for 6 feeding and eating disorders were published in 2013 and were notable for officially recognizing binge-eating disorder and for articulating criteria for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. The criteria and the rationale for them are briefly described, and current and future challenges are discussed. Read More

Psychosom Med 2019 Feb/Mar;81(2):155-164

From the Departments of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (Wyssen, Humbel, Munsch) and Visual and Social Neuroscience (Lao, Rodger, Caldara), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland; Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center (Lennertz, Schuck, Teismann, Margraf, Schneider), Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Kompetenzzentrum für Essverhalten (Isenschmid), Adipositas und Psyche Spital Zofingen; Departement of Consulation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine (Milos), University Clinic Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Privatklinik Aadorf (Trier), Aadorf; Klinik Schützen (Whinyates), Rheinfelden, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine (Assion, Ueberberg), LWL-Klinik Dortmund; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatic and Preventive Medicine (Juckel, Kossmann), LWL-Klinik Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; and Christoph-Dornier-Clinic for Psychotherapy (Müller, Klauke), Münster, Germany.

Objective: Impairments in facial emotion recognition are an underlying factor of deficits in emotion regulation and interpersonal difficulties in mental disorders and are evident in eating disorders (EDs).

Methods: We used a computerized psychophysical paradigm to manipulate parametrically the quantity of signal in facial expressions of emotion (QUEST threshold seeking algorithm). This was used to measure emotion recognition in 308 adult women (anorexia nervosa [n = 61], bulimia nervosa [n = 58], healthy controls [n = 130], and mixed mental disorders [mixed, n = 59]). Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Garda (VR), Italy.

Objective: To ascertain the role of baseline measures of body-image concern (BIC) in changes in body mass index (BMI) centile and psychopathological outcomes associated with intensive enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-E) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).

Method: The BMI centile of 62 adolescent patients with AN was recorded at four time-points over 12 months, and Eating Disorder Examination interview (EDE) and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) scores, were recorded at admission and discharge from CBT-E. Changes in three BIC components, namely "Preoccupation with shape/weight", "Fear of weight gain" and "Feeling fat", were assessed at admission and discharge. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Jan 29;8(2). Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Freiburg, Hauptstr. 8, Baden-Wuerttemberg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.

Anorexia nervosa is the most severe eating disorder; it has a protracted course of illness and the highest mortality rate among all psychiatric illnesses. It is characterised by a restriction of energy intake followed by substantial weight loss, which can culminate in cachexia and related medical consequences. Anorexia nervosa is associated with high personal and economic costs for sufferers, their relatives and society. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Jan 30;13(1):27. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-112 81, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are severe autoimmune inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system associated with the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against the water channel protein aquaporin-4. During exacerbation, specific aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G may be produced intrathecally. We measured extracellular aquaporin-4 microparticles in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who later developed the typical symptoms and signs of a neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Read More

J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019 Jan 29;44(2):1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

From the Eating Disorders Program, Douglas University Institute (Steiger, Kahan, Thaler, Fletcher, Israël, St-Hilaire, Rossi); the Research Centre, Douglas University Institute (Steiger, Kahan, Thaler, Fletcher, Joober, Israël, St-Hilaire, Rossi); the Department of Psychiatry, McGill University (Steiger, Booij, Thaler, Joober, Israël, St-Hilaire); the Department of Psychology, Concordia University (Booij); the Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal (Booij); the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University (McGregor); the Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montreal (Labbe); the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University (Szyf); the School of Human Nutrition, McGill University (Agellon); and the Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier, de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) (Gauvin), Montreal, Que., Canada.

Background: This study explored state-related tendencies in DNA methylation in people with anorexia nervosa.

Methods: We measured genome-wide DNA methylation in 75 women with active anorexia nervosa (active), 31 women showing stable remission of anorexia nervosa (remitted) and 41 women with no eating disorder (NED). We also obtained post-intervention methylation data from 52 of the women from the active group. Read More

ACS Chem Neurosci 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa) is the most widely used illicit drug in the world, with an estimated 192 million users globally. The main psychoactive component of cannabis is (-)-trans-Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC), a molecule with a diverse range of pharmacological actions. The unique and distinctive intoxication caused by Δ-THC primarily reflects partial agonist action at central cannabinoid type 1 (CB) receptors. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Objective: Bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED) are associated with poorly controlled approach behavior toward food resulting in binge eating. Approach bias modification (ABM) may reduce these automatic action tendencies (i.e. Read More