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Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul;173(1):79

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul;173(1):W3-W9

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island (S.M.S.).

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul;173(1):ED1

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul;173(1):W1-W2

Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York (G.E.F.).

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):723

Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, China.

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):719

Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):694

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

The spread of COVID-19 has already taken a pandemic form, affecting over 180 countries in a matter of three months. The full continuum of disease ranges from mild, self-limiting illness to severe progressive COVID-19 pneumonia, multiorgan failure, cytokine storm and death. Younger and healthy population is now getting affected than before. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):693

Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Ohio, USA.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shocked the world and caused morbidity and mortality on an unprecedented level in the era of modern medicine. Evidence generated to-date on the virulence and pathogenicity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) suggests that COVID-19 may be considered a perfect storm, caused by a nature's virtually perfect biological weapon. This conclusion is supported by an updated analysis of pathogenesis and clinical progression of this infectious disease. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):691

Department of Neurosurgery and Institute for Functional Brain Disorders, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Background: Delayed cognitive impairment (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the most common sequelae in patients. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the course and glutamatergic pathogenesis of DCI after SAH in mice.

Methods: A SAH mouse model of internal carotid puncture was used. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):679

Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Background: The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), epi-centered in Wuhan, Hubei Province of the China, has become a global health emergency. Several studies from China have recently provided the evidence of epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Investigation on the role of chest CT in patient screening and management course in a large cohort remains paucity. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):675

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in non-homologous end joining pathway 1 (LINP1) contributes to tumorigenesis in various cancers. However, little has been known about the role of LINP1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: LINP1 was selected as the target lncRNA by bioinformatics analysis. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 Jun;8(11):671

Department of Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (P.J.W.).

Ann Emerg Med 2020 Jul 8;76(1):111-112. Epub 2020 May 8.

MEDStar Washington Hospital, Washington, DC.

Ann Clin Biochem 2020 Jun 26:4563220942263. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.

Ann Clin Biochem 2020 Jun 26:4563220941888. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul 23;173(1):OC1. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California (S.S.).

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jul 23;173(1):W10-W11. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (T.M.).

Ann Intern Med 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

None (W.S.).

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):607

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Naval Special Medical Center, The Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.

Tuberculosis pleural effusion (TPE) is common in clinical practice, and its diagnosis remains a challenge for clinicians. Ziehl-Neelsen staining, PE Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, and biopsy are the gold standards for TPE diagnosis; however, they are time-consuming, invasive, observer-dependent, and insensitive. PE markers represent a rapid, low-cost, and non-invasive objective diagnostic tool for TPE. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):605

Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) has become an urgent global public health issue, but its distribution has obvious regional differences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the patient-based disease burden and molecular epidemiology of CRKP infections in a tertiary hospital in northern Jiangsu Province in China.

Methods: A retrospective, epidemiological survey of CRKP infections in our hospital from January to December 2016 was conducted to collect clinical and epidemiologic data. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):602

Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital-associated infectious. The traditional laboratory diagnosis method for UTI requires at least 24 hours, and it cannot provide the etiology basis for the clinic in time. The aim of our study is to develop a new method for pathogenic diagnosis of UTI by combining matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and UF-5000i from urine samples directly within 1 hour. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):601

Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China.

Background: Whether routine urinary analysis has a net benefit for urinary tract infection (UTI) screening is unclear.

Methods: Using the laboratory information system (LIS), we retrospectively extracted the data of urine culture and routine analysis between January 2017 and April 2017. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, logistic regression model, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to estimate the screening performance of routine urinary analysis. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):600

Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):598

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China.

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):587

Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.

Background: Sorafenib has been recommended as the first-line treatment and shown to prolong median overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, a growing amount of research has supported the application of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with advanced-stage HCC. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of TACE and sorafenib and identify the prognostic factors related to OS for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C patients with PS 1 but without vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):586

Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.

Background: Recommended as the first-line treatment for advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sorafenib has been shown to prolong median overall survival (OS) for patients. However, advanced HCC sees high heterogeneity across patient groups. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated surgical resection and transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) to perform well in patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):585

Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.

Background: Liver resection has been widely applied as a curative measure in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, the high rate of postoperative recurrence observed following liver resection proposes a problem, the solution for which is yet to be well established. Microwave coagulation is a therapy that was recently proposed as an adjuvant tool. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):583

Department of Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.

Background: Sorafenib has been recommended as the first-line treatment and shown to prolong the median overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, a growing number of earlier studies showed the application of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) plus sorafenib in patients diagnosed at the advanced-stage HCC. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of RFA plus sorafenib versus sorafenib alone and identify prognostic factors related to OS for BCLC stage C patients with PS 1 but without vascular invasion or extrahepatic spread. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(9):580

Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.

Background: To study the effectiveness and safety of atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation after pericardiectomy.

Methods: Data of 24 consecutive AF patients after pericardiectomy underwent catheter ablation from five centers were collected and analyzed retrospectively. All patients were followed up at 1, 3, and 12 months after catheter ablation. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):657

Department of Orthopaedics, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):656

Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, Xuzhou 221004, China.

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):655

The Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou 310014, China.

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):638

Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.

Background: Rate of second primary malignancies (SPM) is steadily increasing over the last decades. New therapies, early diagnostic markers, screening tests for a larger number of individuals contribute to the increase prevalence of SPM. In the current study, we try to described the demographic composition of SPM victims, distribution of primary sites, and the impact of related factors on prognosis. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):636

Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) alone or in combination with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is most common non-operative treatments for localised prostate cancer (PC). Some circulatory cytokines are believed to play an important role in RT resistance and lead to tumour progression, invasion, and angiogenesis. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of ADT and RT on the expression of circulatory cytokines levels in plasma at different time points. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):634

Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.

Background: Metabolic risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome (MS), and diabetes are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and obesity. We investigated the associations between GGT/HDL-C ratio and prevalence of NAFLD in a Chinese population. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):629

The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, has now spread to most countries and regions of the world. As patients potentially infected by SARS-CoV-2 need to visit hospitals, the incidence of nosocomial infection can be expected to be high. Therefore, a comprehensive and objective understanding of nosocomial infection is needed to guide the prevention and control of the epidemic. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):628

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.

Background: It is well-known that public health education plays a crucial role in the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases, but how health providers should advise families and parents to obtain health education information is a challenging question. With coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreading around the world, this rapid review aims to answer that question and thus to promote evidence-based decision making in health education policy and practice.

Methods: We systematically searched the literature on health education during COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) epidemics in Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data from their inception until March 31, 2020. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):627

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.

Background: Glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of various pulmonary inflammatory diseases, but they are also often accompanied by significant adverse reactions. Published guidelines point out that low dose and short duration systemic glucocorticoid therapy may be considered for patients with rapidly progressing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) while the evidence is still limited.

Methods: We comprehensively searched electronic databases and supplemented the screening by conducting a manual search. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):626

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.

Background: As COVID-19 has become a global pandemic, early prevention and control of the epidemic is extremely important. Telemedicine, which includes medical advice given over telephone, Internet, mobile phone applications or other similar ways, may be an efficient way to reduce transmission and pressure on medical institutions.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases for literature on the use of telemedicine for COVID-19, SARS and MERS from their inception to March 31st, 2020. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):625

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is usually used as supportive therapy, but the treatment of COVID-19 by IVIG is controversial. This rapid review aims to explore the clinical effectiveness and safety of IVIG in the treatment of children with severe COVID-19.

Methods: We systematically searched the literature on the use of IVIG in patients with COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), including both adults and children. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):624

The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak presents a new, life-threatening disease. Our aim was to assess the potential effectiveness and safety of antiviral agents for COVID-19 in children.

Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang Data) from their inception to March 31, 2020 were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical controlled trials and cohort studies of interventions with antiviral agents for children (less than 18 years of age) with COVID-19. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):622

School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on the whole world. Computed tomography (CT) has been widely used in the diagnosis of this novel pneumonia. This study aims to understand the role of CT for the diagnosis and the main imaging manifestations of patients with COVID-19. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):621

School of Public Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: Supportive treatment is an important and effective part of the management for patients with life-threatening diseases. This study aims to identify and evaluate the forms of supportive care for patients with respiratory diseases.

Methods: An umbrella review of supportive care for patient with respiratory diseases was undertaken. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):620

Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: Most guidelines on COVID-19 published so far include recommendations for patients regardless of age. Clinicians need a more accurate understanding of the clinical characteristics of children with COVID-19.

Methods: We searched studies reporting clinical characteristics in children with COVID-19 published until March 31, 2020. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):619

School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of antibiotic agents in children with COVID-19, as well as to introduce the present situation of antibiotics use and bacterial coinfections in COVID-19 patients.

Methods: We searched Cochrane library, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CBM, Wanfang Data and CNKI from their inception to March 31, 2020. In addition, we searched related studies on COVID-19 published before March 31, 2020 through Google Scholar. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2020 May;8(10):618

Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.

Background: Existing recommendations on whether mothers with COVID-19 should continue breastfeeding are still conflicting. We aimed to conduct a rapid review of mother-to-child transmission of COVID-19 during breastfeeding.

Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and preprint articles up to March 2020. Read More

Ann Oncol 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; German Hodgkin Study Group, First Department of Internal Medicine, UniversityHospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Electronic address:

Ann Clin Biochem 2020 Jun 19:4563220939604. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

University of Cambridge.

Int J Nanomedicine 2020 27;15:3669-3680. Epub 2020 May 27.

The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Introduction: The exhaustion and poor homing of activated lymphocytes are critical obstacles in adoptive cell immunotherapy for solid tumors. In order to effectively deliver immune cells into tumors, we encapsulated interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) into macroporous hydrogels as an enhancement factor and utilized low-dose irradiation (LDI) as a tumoral attractor of T cells.

Methods: Hydroxypropyl cellulose hydrogels were prepared by irradiation techniques, and the cross-sectional microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Read More