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Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Diabetes department, Sud-Francilien hospital, Corbeil-Essonne, France; Paris-Saclay university, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK. Electronic address:

Reproduction and metabolism are intricately linked. Gut hormones play key roles in the regulation of body weight and glucose homeostasis, factors that influence the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive outcomes. Data from rodent models suggest gut hormones may have direct stimulatory effects on reproductive hormone release. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. Electronic address:

Turner syndrome (TS) is tightly associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and ovarian dysgenesis, typically resulting in infertility in the great majority of patients. Therefore females with TS are usually treated with female sex steroids from 11-12 years of age until the normal age of natural menopause of around 53-54 years of age. Infertility is rated among females with TS as a distressing concern and a detractor from a good quality of life. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Mini-puberty is defined as the period in infancy with elevated FSH and LH resulting increased levels of sex hormones. It differs between boys and girls. Its impact on future fertility is largely unknown. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 06;83(3):153-154

Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Sorbonne Université, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Center for Rare Endocrine and Gynecological Disorders, ERN-HCP, Paris, France.

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Service de Néphrologie et d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Rénale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares du Calcium et du Phosphore, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Filières de Santé Maladies Rares OSCAR, ORKID et ERKNet, France.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a hypercalcemic hormone acting on kidneys, bone and intestine. PTH promotes calcium release from the bone, renal calcium reabsorption and phosphate excretion, and conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3. Hyperparathyroidism consists in PTH elevation, which may be adapted (secondary hyperparathyroidism) or non-adapted to calcemia levels (primary hyperparathyroidism, familial hypercalcemia/hypocalciuria, tertiary hyperparathyroidism). Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a primary neuroendocrine tumor derived from parafollicular cells or C-cells of the thyroid gland. It accounts for 1% to 10% of all thyroid cancers and is the second most aggressive thyroid cancer after undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. Serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentrations are widely used as biomarkers to facilitate diagnosis and follow-up. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 5;83(3):168-171. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

The relationship between thyroid state and female fertility is an area of particular interest for both clinicians and researchers worldwide. This is partially due to the increasing prevalence of infertility and to the understanding of its complex and multifactorial aetiology. Studies conducted in variable forms of female infertility (e. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 5;83(3):172-176. Epub 2022 May 5.

Service de Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Inserm U1208, 18, avenue Doyen-Lépine, 69675 Bron cedex, France.

Patients with a Klinefelter syndrome (KS), defined by a 47 XXY karyotype, were long considered infertile. Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) now allows them to access fatherhood. We will present the data of studies since first experiment of TESE. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 5;83(3):164-167. Epub 2022 May 5.

Service d'Endocrinologie et Nutrition, UCLouvain Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. Electronic address:

Mild-to-moderate hyperprolactinemia is a frequent finding in young women presenting with infertility. Prolactin (PRL) concentration should be determined accurately, whether or not the patient has other symptoms suggestive of excess PRL such as galactorrhea or menstrual cycle disorder. After confirmation of persistent hyperprolactinemia on a second blood sample (avoiding conditions known to raise prolactin) and exclusion of macroprolactinemia, prolactinoma and other identifiable non-tumoral causes of hyperprolactinemia must be ruled out. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Endocrinology of the CHU of Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, rue du Général-Koenig, 51100 Reims, France; CRESTIC EA 3804, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, Moulin de la Housse, 51687, Reims, France.

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 30;83(3):210-217. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Gynecology-Andrology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels 1200, Belgium; Andrology Lab, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels 1200, Belgium. Electronic address:

Fertility preservation in prepubertal boys is a matter that has been gaining ground fast during the past 20 years. As the life expectancy for childhood cancer survivors continues to increase (5-year survival rate>80%), and as the risk of permanent infertility in adulthood is still high with current treatment options, offering a testicular biopsy to cryopreserve immature testicular tissue (ITT) containing spermatogonial stem cells is now recommended as an experimental option for fertility preservation. Transplantation of cryopreserved testicular prepubertal tissue fragments back to the cured patient appears to be one of the most feasible and promising techniques for fertility restoration. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 27;83(3):181-185. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

AP-HP, IE3M, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, department of endocrinology and reproductive medicine and Centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance, centre de référence des pathologies gynécologiques Rares, ICAN, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France. Electronic address:

21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is the most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Increased production of adrenal-derived androgens and progesterone in 21OHD women interfere with their reproductive function and their fertility in many different ways, depending on the severity of the disease. Sexuality and fertility in women with classic 21OHD is impaired, due to several issues such as disrupted gonadotropic axis due to androgen and progesterone overproduction, and mechanical, psychological factors related to genital surgery. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 27;83(3):155-158. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Université Paris Saclay, service d'endocrinologie de le reproduction, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 94275 Bicêtre, France.

Male infertility contributes to 50% of all cases of infertility. The main cause is low quality and quantity of sperm. In humans, spermatogenesis starts at the beginning of puberty and lasts lifelong. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction: After a nondiagnostic (ND) result or findings of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS), the current recommendation is for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the thyroid nodule to be repeated after at least 3 months. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the interval between FNACs has any influence on the final cytological diagnosis.

Methods: This was a retrospective study including all patients who underwent FNAC for the first time between January 2016 and December 2019 with ND or AUS/FLUS cytological results and then underwent a second FNAC procedure. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 27;83(3):203-206. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne TSA 70034, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a relatively common developmental disorder characterised by the association of craniofacial abnormalities, congenital heart defects, short stature and skeletal abnormalities, variable developmental delay/learning disability, and predisposition to certain cancers. NS is caused by germline mutations in genes encoding components or regulators of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Although abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis have long been reported in NS patients, there is only scarce published data on this subject. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 25. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Emeritus Professor, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.

Objective: We assessed the contribution of initial treatment response to further refining prediction of individual outcomes in intermediate-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) on the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification system. Dynamic risk stratification (DRS) as originally proposed by Tuttle et al. in 2010 was modified to also include serum antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) as a surrogate marker of the likelihood of persistent disease, specifically in patients with thyroglobulin assay interference by TgAb. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 21;83(3):191-195. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Adolescent and young adult psychiatry unit, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42, boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France.

Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder that mainly affects women (sex ratio 1/10) and for which the prognosis remains poor (10% of deaths and high risk of chronicity). This disorder is associated with a risk of infertility explained by different physiopathological pathways. Thus, the clinical and subclinical forms of this disease may be over-represented in populations of women using medically assisted reproduction technologies. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 21;83(3):177-180. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G51 4TF, United Kingdom.

Differences or disorders of sex development (DSD) include various congenital conditions in which chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomical sex development is atypical. The incidence varies according to the category of DSD but the total incidence is high if hypospadias and undescended testes are included. Fertility prospects may be a concern for DSD patients and their parents. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 21;83(3):207-209. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Preservation, Hôpital Jean-Verdier, avenue du 14-Juillet, 93140 Bondy, France; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fertility Preservation, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, 157, rue de la Porte de Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France; Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. Electronic address:

As the concepts of society, parenthood and family evolve, the French law on bioethics has recently been updated by authorizing oocyte and sperm cryopreservation for all individuals who wish to do so, in the absence of medical indications. For women, aging irremediably impairs reproductive competence, both quantitatively and qualitatively. For men, aging has a negative impact on sperm parameters. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 17;83(3):188-190. Epub 2022 Apr 17.

Aix-Marseille University, U1251 Marseille Medical Genetics, Marmara Institute, and Department of endocrinology, La Conception Hospital, Assistance publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France.

Cushing's syndrome is defined by an endogenous or exogenous hypercortisolism. Increased cortisol, as well as increased androgens will have a negative impact on the pulsatile secretion of GnRH, thus leading to an increased risk of infertility. However, pregnancy can occur in a woman with Cushing's syndrome: it is a challenging situation, because of the numerous consequences which can be observed in the mother (increased risk of gestational diabetes, hypertension, eclampsia… in addition to the specific complications of hypercortisolism) and in the fetus (intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity). Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 06 18;83(3):196-198. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, service de Nutrition, Centre Spécialisé Obésité (CSO) Ile de France Sud, Paris, France; Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 15;83(3):159-163. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Endocrinologie et diabétologie pédiatrie, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.

Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a group of rare diseases characterized by inadequate secretion of the gonadotropins LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) during the physiological activation periods of the gonadotropic axis. The disease? (anomaly) is present from fetal life and usually persists throughout life. Clinically, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is associated with neonatal clinical signs (micropenis, cryptorchidism in boys in about half of the cases). Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 15;83(3):186-187. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Radboud University Medical Centre, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology., Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:

Gonadal dysfunction is an adverse outcome in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which may become apparent already during puberty. In males, gonadal dysfunction can be caused by primary gonadal failure due to testicular adrenal rest tumours (TART), and by secondary gonadal failure due to poor hormonal control.  Yearly evaluation for TART using ultrasonography is recommended from the start of puberty or even earlier when poor hormonal control is present. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Jun 15;83(3):199-202. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino-Sécrétion et de l'Insulino-Sensibilité (PRISIS) et Centre National de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance et du Développement (CRMERCD), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire de Cardio-métabolisme et Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France. Electronic address:

Several lines of evidence show that gonadal functions and insulin sensitivity display multifaceted relationships, which extend far beyond the well-known association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity, and metabolic syndrome. In this brief review, we will summarize the main findings showing the pathophysiological role of insulin resistance in impairing reproductive functions. Extreme phenotypes of severe insulin resistance, due to primary defects in insulin receptor or to lipodystrophy syndromes, provide unique opportunities for the modeling of interactions between insulin signaling and ovarian endocrine functions. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Feb 22. Epub 2022 Feb 22.

Service d'Endocrinologie et Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires UCL Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate, 10, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium. Electronic address:

Diabetes affects many women of reproductive age. Choice of contraceptive method is essential in order to combine efficacy and the patient's wishes, while taking into account the potential side effects. In this review, we will discuss the different methods available for women with diabetes, focusing the discussion on their metabolic and general effects. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 19;83(2):119-141. Epub 2022 Feb 19.

Service d'Endocrinologie Nutrition, Hôpital Ambroise-Paré, GHU Paris-Saclay, AP-HP Boulogne, EA4340, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin, Paris, France.

Cushing's syndrome is defined by prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids, leading to excess morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of this rare pathology is difficult due to the low specificity of the clinical signs, the variable severity of the clinical presentation, and the difficulties of interpretation associated with the diagnostic methods. The present consensus paper by 38 experts of the French Society of Endocrinology and the French Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology aimed firstly to detail the circumstances suggesting diagnosis and the biologic diagnosis tools and their interpretation for positive diagnosis and for etiologic diagnosis according to ACTH-independent and -dependent mechanisms. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Feb 7. Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Unit, CHU Larrey, 24, chemin de Pouvourville, TSA 30030, 31059 Toulouse cedex, France. Electronic address:

Pregnancy can be complicated by hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis. Diagnosis is founded on an increase in free thyroid hormones and low TSH. The most frequent etiologies are Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease linked to stimulatory anti-TSH receptor antibodies, and non-autoimmune gestational hyperthyroidism linked to the TSH-like activity of the chorionic growth hormone (hCG). Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 Apr 7;83(2):88-94. Epub 2022 Feb 7.

CHU de Reims, Hôpital Robert-Debré, Service d'Endocrinologie - Diabète - Nutrition, avenue du Général-Koenig, 51092 Reims cedex, France; CRESTIC EA 3804, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims cedex 2, France. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetes mellitus prevalence is increasing among women of child-bearing age. Diabetic pregnancy is associated with major maternal and fetal risks, and these can be reduced by preconception care. Pregnancy can be planned using appropriate effective contraception. Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2022 04 4;83(2):147-149. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Inserm, University Limoges, CHU de Limoges, IRD, U1094 Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, GEIST, Limoges, France. Electronic address: