Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Ultrasound Med 2018 Sep 12. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.

Objective: Ankle sprains constitute approximately 85% of all ankle injuries, and up to 70% of people experience residual symptoms. While the injury to ligaments is well understood, the potential role of other foot and ankle structures has not been explored. The objective was to characterize and compare selected ankle structures in participants with and without a history of lateral ankle sprain. Read More

Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Dec 27;22(4):665-676. Epub 2017 Sep 27.

Foot and Ankle Division, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Box 3000, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Electronic address:

The development of tendinitis and tendinopathy is often multifactorial and the result of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors include anatomic factors, age-related factors, and systemic factors, whereas extrinsic factors include mechanical overload and improper form and equipment. Although tendinitis and tendinopathy are often incorrectly used interchangeably, they are in 2 distinct pathologies. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2017 Oct 21;10(5):480-483. Epub 2017 Mar 21.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, California.

Introduction: Flexor tendon dislocation from the flexor tendon groove posterior of the medial malleolus has been previously described, and may be difficult to diagnose initially, but is amendable to surgical treatment with good outcomes. We present a unique case of unilateral dislocation of the posterior tibialis and flexor digitorum longus tendons with contralateral flexor digitorum longus subluxation that was treated surgically with a good outcome.

Case Presentation: A 37-year-old active duty male sustained a dislocation and subluxation of the flexor tendons bilaterally after a forced dorsiflexion injury. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2017 Nov 1;38(11):1267-1270. Epub 2017 Sep 1.

2 Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.

Background: Harvesting of the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) or the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) is a procedure used when tendon transfer is needed. It is commonly used in tibialis posterior reconstruction and Achilles tendon reconstruction. Harvesting of these tendons is sometimes difficult and time-consuming. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Nov - Dec;56(6):1288-1291. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Orthopedics and Traumatology Surgeon/Specialist, Turan & Turan Bone and Joint Surgery Clinic, Osmangazi, Bursa, Turkey.

Several serious complications can occur after talar neck fractures. However, these fractures are extremely rare in children. We present a pediatric low-energy Hawkins type III fracture-dislocation that had excessive displacement accompanied by neurovascular and tendon entrapment. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Jul - Aug;56(4):889-893

Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Queens, NY; Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY.

Irreducible ankle fractures are a relatively rare phenomenon. We present a case of a pronation abduction-type ankle fracture that was irreducible in the emergency room despite sedation. The patient was taken to the operating room, where the posterior tibialis tendon and retinaculum, deltoid ligament, and anteromedial capsule were found to be trapped within the joint. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 Sep - Oct;56(5):1109-1113. Epub 2017 May 27.

Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Open ankle dislocations without fracture are rare injuries. Dislocation or interposition of adjacent tendons are a rare associated feature of ankle fracture-dislocation. We report an extremely unusual case of open ankle dislocation without fracture with concurrent tibialis posterior tendon interposition through the interosseous space that was detected incidentally on computed tomography. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 May - Jun;56(3):697-701

Professor of Surgery, Orthopedic Foot & Ankle and Sports Medicine, Dalhousie University & Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Irreducible ankle fracture-dislocations are very rare entities. The present case report demonstrates an unusual finding of tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus tendons interposed in the tibiofibular joint impairing successful closed reduction of ankle fracture-dislocation. A 45-year-old patient presented with a bimalleolar pronation-external rotation ankle fracture-dislocation after a motorcycle accident. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2017 Dec 25;10(6):572-577. Epub 2017 Apr 25.

Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Ankle fractures with an associated posterior tibialis tendon (PTT) rupture are rare injuries and have only been described in a number of case reports. These prior reports include patients that had an open fracture and/or an associated medial malleolar fracture component. In this unique case report, we present a patient that sustained a closed bimalleolar-equivalent ankle fracture/dislocation without medial malleolar involvement which was irreducible due to a PTT rupture and subsequent distal segment interposition in the tibiotalar joint. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2017 Jul 11;38(7):752-759. Epub 2017 Apr 11.

2 Reno Orthopaedic Clinic, Reno, Nevada, USA.

Background: Traumatic tears of the tibialis posterior (TP) tendon following an ankle sprain are rare. The purpose of this study was to report our case series of TP tendon tears following an ankle sprain.

Methods: Patients with persistent TP tendon pain after an ankle sprain were retrospectively identified over a 4-year period and reviewed. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2017 May - Jun;56(3):656-665. Epub 2017 Feb 22.

Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Assistant Director, The Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Unit, Netcare Linksfield Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Tibialis posterior tendon dislocation is a rarely described entity that is easily missed, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. A review of the English published data on the topic showed inconsistency in the reporting of injuries and surgical management techniques, leading us to describe a novel classification system to guide treatment and future reporting. We also describe a case of tibialis posterior tendon dislocation in a professional volleyball player and our surgical technique for correction, including retromalleolar groove deepening. Read More

J Orthop Trauma 2017 Jul;31(7):375-379

*Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and †Campbell Clinic/University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.

Purpose: To determine the proximity and potential risks to distal leg anatomy from anterior to posterior (A-P) applied distal tibia locking screws for tibial nailing.

Design: Retrospective.

Setting: ACS level I trauma center. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017 Feb;208(2):373-379

1 Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, MSB 2.116, Houston, TX 77030.

Objective: Tendon injuries are a commonly encountered finding in ankle CT examinations performed for fractures. This study was designed to identify the incidence and associations of tendon injuries in ankle CT examinations performed for fractures.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 410 patients who underwent ankle CT during a 6-year period. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2016 Nov;106(6):449-452

Rupture of the tibialis posterior tendon associated with ankle fracture is rare and difficult to diagnose. This rupture can be easily overlooked because the clinical examination is limited owing to acute pain related to a closed ankle fracture. Complete rupture of the tibialis posterior tendon can be identified by a loss of tension during ankle fracture fixation, but partial rupture is more difficult to detect because the tibialis posterior tendon can maintain its tension. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 Dec;95(51):e5346

aDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul bDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Myongji Hospital, College of Medicine, Seonam University, Goyang cDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, National Police Hospital, Seoul dDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Institute for Integrative medicine, Catholic Kwandong University of Korea College of Medicine, International ST. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Ankle syndesmotic injuries occasionally require long-term therapy for recovery and can result in tendon injury. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is an acquired deformity that can cause flatfoot deformity. The current nonoperative management of PTTD includes nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), orthopedic devices. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2016 Dec 22;9(6):527-533. Epub 2016 Sep 22.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (JAK, AB, PKG), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.

Open reduction internal fixation of posterior malleolus fractures from a posterior approach is gaining popularity. One concern that has not been studied is the risk of iatrogenic injury to anatomical structures on the anterior ankle. The purpose of this study is to determine the proximity of these anterior structures with relation to K-wires advanced through the anterior cortex. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2016 Aug;37(8):803-8

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Background: Irreparable peroneus brevis tendon tears are uncommon, and there is scant evidence on which to base operative treatment. Options include tendon transfer, segmental resection with tenodesis to the peroneus longus tendon, and allograft reconstruction. However, the relative effectiveness of the latter 2 procedures in restoring peroneus brevis function has not been established. Read More

Orthopedics 2016 Sep 1;39(5):e970-5. Epub 2016 Jun 1.

Tibialis posterior tendon rupture in the setting of pronation-type ankle fractures can lead to long-term debility as a result of chronic tendon dysfunction. This rare injury pattern presents a diagnostic challenge because thorough preoperative examination of the function of the tendon is limited by pain, swelling, and inherent instability of the fracture. As such, a high index of suspicion is necessary in ankle fractures with radiographs showing a medial malleolus fracture with an associated suprasyndesmotic fibula fracture. Read More

Emerg Radiol 2016 Aug 27;23(4):357-63. Epub 2016 May 27.

Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.

The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of tendon entrapments and tendon dislocations associated with ankle and hindfoot fractures in patients studied by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Additionally, we describe particular tendon injuries associated with specific fractures. This was a retrospective review of all individuals with a trauma-protocol CT for suspected ankle and/or hindfoot fractures during a consecutive 41-month time period at a single Level I Trauma Center. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2016 Jun 19;36(6):863-9. Epub 2016 Mar 19.

Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense, Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.

To establish whether a cadaver model can serve as an effective surrogate for the detection of tendon damage characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, we evaluated intraobserver and interobserver agreement in the grading of RA-like tendon tears shown by US, as well as the concordance between the US findings and the surgically induced lesions in the cadaver model. RA-like tendon damage was surgically induced in the tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) and tibialis posterior tendon (TPT) of ten ankle/foot fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens. Read More

Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 2016 Mar-Apr;45(3):E103-7

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.

Management of posterior malleolus fractures continues to be controversial, with respect to both need for fixation and fixation methods. Fixation methods include an open posterior approach to the ankle as well as percutaneous reduction and fixation with or without arthroscopy for visualization of the articular surface. Plain radiographs are unreliable in identifying fracture pattern and intraoperative reduction, making arthroscopy a valuable adjunct to posterior malleolus fracture management. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2016 May-Jun;55(3):542-6. Epub 2016 Feb 9.

Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

The present study aimed to diagnose complete rupture (CR) and longitudinal rupture (LR) of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT) from the magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with PTT dysfunction and to analyze and compare the radiographs from each group to identify radiographic indicators related to the progression of PTT injury that would allow the radiographic diagnosis of CR. We evaluated 32 feet in 27 patients with PTT dysfunction (mean age 66.5, range 49 to 82, years). Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Feb 3;2016. Epub 2016 Feb 3.

ABC Medical Center, Mexico, Mexico.

In this case report, we present an acute rupture in the muscular tendinous junction of a posterior tibialis muscle in a bimalleolar closed ankle fracture after a high-energy trauma in a 30-year-old patient with no significant medical history. Fracture was confirmed by simple X-rays, and was treated with an open reduction in which both of the fractures were treated with osteosynthesis material and reparation of the syndesmosis. If left untreated, this uncommon finding can result in a bad postsurgical outcome; we believe this injury is more common but under-reported in the literature. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2016 Feb;206(2):366-72

1 Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and common location of a coexisting osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula and of associated abnormalities of the ankle ligaments and tendons on MRI in patients with an osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT).

Materials And Methods: A search of a database of MRI studies performed between July 2003 and January 2014 yielded MRI examinations of 297 feet with OLTs. Two readers reviewed the MRI examinations independently for the presence of an osteochondral lesion of the distal tibia and fibula and for concomitant ligament and tendon injuries. Read More

J Appl Biomech 2016 Apr 21;32(2):160-70. Epub 2015 Oct 21.

Department of Surgery and Cancer and the Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K.

Conservative treatments such as in-shoe orthotic heel wedges to treat musculoskeletal injuries are not new. However, weak evidence supporting their use in the management of Achilles tendonitis suggests the mechanism by which these heel wedges works remains poorly understood. It was the aim of this study to test the underlying hypothesis that heel wedges can reduce Achilles tendon load. Read More

J R Army Med Corps 2016 Oct 13;162(5):393-395. Epub 2015 Oct 13.

Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, East Sussex, UK.

Tibialis posterior tendon injuries are commonly missed and can result in significant foot deformity. In the young athlete these are best diagnosed acutely with ultrasound and may be treated conservatively or operatively. We present the case of a young serviceman and describe the treatment plan that was successful in allowing an early return to exercise. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2016 Aug 7;9(4):361-6. Epub 2015 Oct 7.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama (JM)Andrews Research and Education Institute, Foot and Ankle Center, Gulf Breeze, Florida (WW, EN, CK).

Unlabelled: Dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon (PTT) is a rare pathological process that occurs most often as a result of acute trauma. The injury involves forced dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot against a contracted posterior tibialis. Diagnosis of the injury is often difficult secondary to the rarity of the injury and its similarity with other benign injuries of the medial ankle. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Nov-Dec;54(6):1124-6. Epub 2015 Aug 5.

Orthopedics Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel, associated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Acquired flatfoot deformity in adults is usually due to partial or complete tearing of the posterior tibial tendon, with secondary failure of other structures such as the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament (SL), which maintain the medial longitudinal arch. In flexible cases, the tibialis posterior can be replaced with the flexor digitorum longus. It is common practice to suture the SL directly in the case of a tear; however, if the tear is complete, suturing directly to the ligament alone will not be possible. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2016 May-Jun;55(3):633-7. Epub 2015 Jul 26.

Emeritus Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.

Extensive damage of the tibialis anterior tendon is rare and mainly caused by trauma. Surgical treatment of these injuries can become challenging owing to the limited availability of autogenous graft resources for reconstruction of the defect. In the present case report, we describe a large defect in the midfoot soft tissue after a traffic injury, which included complete loss of the tibialis anterior tendon. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2016 Jun 25;9(3):275-8. Epub 2015 Jun 25.

Department of Orthopaedics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

Background: Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is a common cause of adult acquired flatfoot deformity. The cause of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is often multifactorial and may include repetitive microtrauma, poor blood supply to the tendon, and, rarely, traumatic rupture.

Case Description: We present the case of a 69-year-old male with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction secondary to a stingray injury that occurred directly into the posterior tibial tendon. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2015 May;95(17):1290-4

Department of Medical Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, the Institute of Medical Imaging of Bone and Joints, Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China.

Objective: To analyze the imaging abnormal findings of ankle injuries in professional soccer player of males.

Methods: The thirty-two professional soccer players in local region soccer club had been selected as research objects from March 2014 to January 2015, and all were men. Average age was 22. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2016 Jul-Aug;55(4):832-7. Epub 2015 May 12.

Ortopaedic and Traumatology Unit, IRCCS S. Martino IST, Genoa, Italy.

Ankle fractures represent an exciting field of traumatology because of the wide variety of clinical presentations, injury mechanisms, and treatment options. Rupture of the posterior tibialis tendon (PTT) with ankle fracture can occur during trauma that involves pronation and external rotation of the foot or, less commonly, secondary to direct trauma to the ankle. This tendon injury is uncommon and probably misdiagnosed in many cases, because of the difficult clinical examination secondary to the pain and swelling. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2015 Oct 24;8(5):364-8. Epub 2015 Apr 24.

Department of Orthopedics, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey (CWR)The Rothman Institute, Egg Harbor Township, New Jersey (FAS)Rothman Institute at Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (HNK, JND)

Unlabelled: The link between increased body weight and hindfoot complaints is largely based on correlation to single foot pathology. We retrospectively reviewed 6879 patients with tibialis posterior tendonitis (TPT), plantar fasciitis (PF), or both. Among patients with either TPT or PF, 1 in 11 (9%) had both. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2015 Jul 10;36(7):812-9. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA

Background: The purpose of the current study was to report functional outcomes of tendoscopy for treatment of tibialis posterior tendon pathology as well as compare its diagnostic capability with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Clinical records and MRI of 12 patients who underwent tendoscopy of the tibialis posterior tendon (TPT) were retrospectively reviewed. Mean follow-up was 31 months (range, 26-43 months). Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2016 Mar-Apr;55(2):348-50. Epub 2015 Jan 30.

Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, Queen's Hospital, Romford, Essex, United Kingdom.

We present the case of a 14-year-old female who presented with unilateral pes planus 30 months after a bimalleolar ankle fracture dislocation. At surgery, the tibialis posterior tendon was encased in fracture callus within the syndesmosis and required reconstruction using flexor digitorum longus transfer. Dislocation of the tibialis posterior tendon and entrapment within the tibiofibular syndesmosis has been previously reported. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Mar-Apr;54(2):268-72. Epub 2015 Jan 21.

Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL. Electronic address:

Irreducible ankle fracture-dislocations are rare. Several cases of irreducible ankle fracture-dislocation have been reported in published studies secondary to the tibialis posterior tendon, deltoid ligament, or extensor digitorum longus tendon blocking the reduction. We report a case of irreducible ankle fracture-dislocation resulting from posteromedial subluxation of the tibialis anterior tendon around a medial malleolar fracture fragment. Read More

J Med Assoc Thai 2014 Aug;97 Suppl 8:S213-6

The report of a 27-years-old man with presence of heterotopic ossification (HO) after femoral nailing 7years ago who developed foot drop afterfalling to the ground on his buttocks. Radiographs revealed a prominence ofthefemoral nail with HO in his right hip. EMG confirmedperoneal nerve injury ofthe hip region. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Jan-Feb;54(1):116-9. Epub 2014 Nov 4.

Jewish Hospital and St. Mary's Healthcare and University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY.

The present case report demonstrates a rare finding associated with irreducible ankle fracture dislocations. To our knowledge, posterior tibial tendon entrapment with an intact ankle mortise has not yet been documented in published studies. In the case of our patient, a high-energy, 12-ft fall resulted in a comminuted intra-articular fracture of the medial malleolus, confirmed by the initial radiographs. Read More

J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2014 May;104(3):298-301

The acute rupture of the tibialis posterior (TP) tendon, compared to an acute rupture of the Achilles tendon, is a quite uncommon disease to be diagnosed in the emergency department setting. In most cases symptoms related to a TP dysfunction, like weakness, pain along the course of the tendon, swelling in the region of the medial malleolus, and the partial or complete loss of the medial arch with a flatfoot deformity precede the complete rupture of the tendon. In this case report, we describe an acute rupture of the TP tendon following a pronation-external rotation injury of the ankle with no association of a medial malleolus fracture and with no history of a prior flatfoot deformity or symptoms. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2015 Sep-Oct;54(5):962-6. Epub 2014 May 17.

Orthopaedic Surgeon, BC Foot and Ankle Clinic, St. Paul's Hospital; and Clinical Associate Professor, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Although ankle fracture-dislocations are common orthopedic injuries, it is very uncommon for them to be irreducible, and such cases require special attention. We report the case of a closed fracture-dislocation of the ankle in a 17-year-old male that required 3 surgeries because of persistent anterior subluxation of the talus on the postoperative radiographs. After advanced radiologic investigations, tibialis posterior tendon interposition in the syndesmosis was identified as the cause of the subluxation. Read More

Arthroscopy 2014 Jun 13;30(6):755-65. Epub 2014 Apr 13.

Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on tendoscopy of the foot and ankle and assign an evidence-based grade of recommendation for or against intervention.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed on May 26, 2013, using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. Studies focusing on the use of foot and ankle tendoscopy were isolated, and these articles were then reviewed and assigned a Level of Evidence (I through V). Read More

Clin Imaging 2014 Mar-Apr;38(2):160-3. Epub 2013 Nov 7.

University of California, San Diego Department of Radiology, San Diego, CA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To correlate ankle and foot fracture patterns with the presence of tenosynovial fat on computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional, observation study, two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed 89 CT scans of patients with ankle or foot fractures and recorded the presence of fat about Henry's knot, tibialis posterior tendon, and peroneus longus tendon.

Results: The agreement between the two readers ranged from excellent to substantial. Read More

Arch Iran Med 2013 Nov;16(11):647-51

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical School Hospital, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Background: To study the efficacy of extramembranous transfer of the tibialis posterior (posterior tibial) tendon for the treatment of drop foot deformity in children.

Matherials And Methods: This study included 24 patients (11 girls and 13 boys) with drop foot deformity, who underwent tibialis posterior tendon transfer. The mean age was 12. Read More

Foot Ankle Spec 2013 Dec 11;6(6):482-9. Epub 2013 Sep 11.

Waterford Regional Hospital, Waterford City, Ireland.

Traumatic dislocation of tibialis posterior is infrequently reported in the literature. It is rare but potential cause of persistent pain that can be easily missed. Concomitant ankle fracture may obscure the clinical picture and if unsuspected, consequences such as iatrogenic injury to tibialis posterior tendon while fixing the medial malleolus may occur. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2014 Nov 12;73(11):1929-34. Epub 2013 Aug 12.

Department of Rheumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.

Objective: To develop the first ultrasound scoring system of tendon damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and assess its intraobserver and interobserver reliability.

Methods: We conducted a Delphi study on ultrasound-defined tendon damage and ultrasound scoring system of tendon damage in RA among 35 international rheumatologists with experience in musculoskeletal ultrasound. Twelve patients with RA were included and assessed twice by 12 rheumatologists-sonographers. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2013 Oct 3;42(10):1393-402. Epub 2013 Jul 3.

Department of Radiology, Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca Hospital, IC 19 - Venteira, 2720-276, Amadora, Portugal.

Objective: To determine if a statistical association exists between abnormalities in one ankle tendon group (i.e., peroneal, medial flexor, or Achilles) and those in another. Read More

Foot Ankle Clin 2013 Jun;18(2):255-91

The University of Northampton, School of Health, Park Campus, Northampton NN2 7AL, UK.

The tibialis posterior tendon and the spring and deltoid ligament complexes combine to provide dynamic and passive stabilization on the medial side of the ankle and hindfoot. Some of the injuries will involve acute injury to previous healthy structures, but many will develop insidiously. The clinician must be aware of new treatment strategies and the level of accompanying scientific evidence regarding injuries sustained by athletes in these areas, while acknowledging that more traditional management applied to nonathletic patients is still likely to be appropriate in the setting of treatment for elite athletes. Read More

Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2013 Jun 15;28(5):555-61. Epub 2013 May 15.

Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.

Background: The Bridle procedure restores active ankle dorsiflexion through a tri-tendon anastomosis of the tibialis posterior, transferred to the dorsum of the foot, with the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior tendon. Inter-segmental foot motion after the Bridle procedure has not been measured. The purpose of this study is to report kinetic and kinematic variables during walking and heel rise in patients after the Bridle procedure. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2013 Jun 5;34(6):818-23. Epub 2013 Apr 5.

William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX 79920, USA.

Background: Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity is usually secondary to failure of the tibialis posterior tendon, with secondary injury to the surrounding osseous-ligamentous complex. Rarely, patients may present with a normal tibialis posterior tendon and an isolated injury of the plantar calcaneonavicular, or spring, ligament. The current study describes the clinical presentation and operative management of 6 patients with isolated spring ligament ruptures who presented with symptomatic flexible flatfoot deformities. Read More

Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013 Apr;65(4):503-11

Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede, The Netherlands.

Objective: From early onset of the disease, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience walking impairments. Pathologic effects of RA on foot and ankle structures have been studied clinically, but little is known as to how they relate to kinematic changes during gait. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between clinically observed pathologies of foot and ankle joints and leg tendons and the corresponding gait kinematics. Read More