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Kidney Cancer 2018 Aug 1;2(2):79-93. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Urology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

The prognosis of renal tumors depends on histologic subtype. The increased use of abdominal imaging has resulted in an increase in the number of small renal incidentaloma in recent decades. Of these incidentally discovered tumors, 20% are benign lesions warranting conservative management, but most are renal cell carcinomas that warrant a more aggressive therapeutic approach due to their malignant potential. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 29;9(1):837. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, XinHua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is caused by mutations in TSC1 or TSC2, which encode negative regulators of the mTOR signaling pathway. The renal abnormalities associated with TSC include angiomyolipoma, cysts, and renal cell carcinoma. Here we report that specific ablation of Tsc1 using the mesenchymal stem cell-osteoblast lineage markers induced cystogenesis in mice. Read More

Curr Urol Rep 2019 Jan 21;20(1). Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Radiology, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, 1611 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Renal masses are a wide entity and a common finding in clinical practice. Detection of these masses has increased in the last years, yet mortality rates have slightly decreased.

Recent Findings: According to the World Health Organization classification, there are 8 types, 51 subtypes, and a lot more subsequent subclassifications of renal tumors. Read More

Mol Clin Oncol 2019 Jan 31;10(1):43-48. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Pathology, Medical School of Crete University Hospital, 71110 Heraklion, Greece.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a relatively rare tumor that is generally considered as merely benign. However, epithelioid AML (EAML), an uncommon subtype, is associated with potentially malignant behavior. We herein present the case of a 60-year old male patient who had undergone left nephrectomy with left adrenalectomy and lymphadenectomy for a renal tumor 12 years earlier, and presented to our hospital with dull abdominal pain. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Jan 8:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

1 Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, 135-710, Republic of Korea.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe useful imaging features for differentiating angiomyolipoma (AML) subtypes from renal cell carcinoma subtypes.

Conclusion: A newer radiologic classification of renal AML consists of fat-rich AML (≤ -10 HU), fat-poor AML (> -10 HU; tumor-to-spleen ratio < 0.71; signal intensity index, > 16. Read More

Acta Radiol Open 2018 Dec 6;7(12):2058460118806328. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II," Naples, Italy.

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a relatively rare multi-organ disorder generally diagnosed in infancy and described as a clinical triad of sebaceous adenoma, mental retardation, and seizures. Angiomyolipoma (AML) is the most common benign renal tumor usually found incidentally as a solitary small echogenic lesion on grayscale ultrasound. Less commonly, it is part of the TS complex and is seen as multiple lesions in both kidneys. Read More

Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2019 Jan;58(1):74-77

Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China.

A 22-year-old manpresented as a refractory nephrotic syndrome with edema and proteinuria for more than one year. Physical examination revealed facial steatadenomas and periungual fibromas. Images were characterized by hamartomatous lesions in multiple organs, including the central nervous system, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Mar 13;14(3):343-347. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Via S. Camillo 8, 98122 Messina, Italy.

Purpose of this report is to describe safety and effectiveness of selective artery embolization in the treatment of bleeding angiomyolipomas (AMLs) of the kidney using a mixture of Lipiodol and Cyanoacrylate. Two patients with bleeding AMLs underwent to superselective embolization of the lesions using microcatheter and Lipiodol mixed with Cyanoacrylate in the ratio 3:1. Primary bleeding control rate was 100% with no major complications. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2018 24;53:444-447. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Clinic for Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Many centers do not perform transplantation in mentally disabled people. Our patient with progressive psychomotor developmental delay had bilateral angiomyolipomas.

Presentation Of The Case: Three years ago she underwent a right nephrectomy for massive spontaneous hemorrhage. Read More

Can J Urol 2018 Dec;25(6):9614-9616

Department of Urology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

While renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) generally remain small and asymptomatic, larger AMLs are more common in tuberous sclerosis patients. Giant AMLs over 20 cm are a rare entity and little is known about their management. We present a unique case of a 48-year-old woman with tuberous sclerosis and a 39 cm AML arising from a solitary kidney, after undergoing nephrectomy for a prior AML. Read More

Klin Onkol 2018 ;31(6):448-452

Background: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) of the kidney, in contrast to classic benign renal angiomyolipoma, is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm with malignant potential. Represent-ing a member of the perivascular epithelioid cells (PEComa) tumor family aris-ing from the perivascular epithelioid cells, its accurate dia-gnosis and therapeutic approach remains challenging.

Methods: We report a case of a patient with malignant EAML, initially treated as renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at our institution. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: To identify factors predicting the presence of extrarenal feeders to renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) METHODS: This is a retrospective study of 44 patients with 58 renal AMLs embolized in our department. Arteriography obtained during embolization and CT angiography obtained before and after embolization were reviewed to characterize AMLs with and without extrarenal feeders. Tumor characteristics were compared between the two groups. Read More

PLoS One 2018 15;13(11):e0204646. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Groupe d'analyse, Ltée, Montréal, QC, Canada.

Objective: To compare kidney size (used as proxy for total renal angiomyolipoma [rAML] size) and kidney function outcomes between patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and rAML treated and not treated with everolimus.

Methods: Medical charts of adults with TSC-associated rAML followed at a specialty medical center in the Netherlands (1990-2015). Included patients treated with everolimus (n = 33, of which 27 were included in the kidney size analyses and 27 in the kidney function analyses [21 patients in both]; index date = everolimus initiation) and non-treated patients (n = 39, of which 29 were included in the kidney size analyses and 33 in the kidney function analyses [23 patients in both]; index date = one date among all dates with outcome measurement). Read More

World J Clin Oncol 2018 Nov;9(7):162-166

Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India.

A 42-years-old lady, presented with a large retroperitoneal mass which was preoperatively diagnosed as a retroperitoneal liposarcoma following an image guided core biopsy. She underwent a margin-negative resection of the retroperitoneal mass (multi visceral resection - enbloc excision of the retroperitoneal mass with a left nephrectomy and a segmental descending colectomy). The final histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed an exophytic renal angiomyolipoma (AML) which was extending into the retroperitoneum. Read More

Investig Clin Urol 2018 Nov 4;59(6):357-362. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

Department of Urology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: Classic angiomyolipoma (AML) is common benign kidney tumor. However, some studies have claimed that epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) has malignant potential. We compared the patient characteristics and prognosis of EAML and classic AML to demonstrate predicting factors and poorer prognosis of EAML. Read More

Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 2018 Sep 11;178(3):338-347. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Centre, St. Georges University of London, London, United kingdom.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a tumor predisposition syndrome with significant renal cystic and solid tumor disease. It commonly causes several types of cystic disease and benign tumors (angiomyolipomata) in the kidneys that can both lead to significant premature loss of glomerular filtration rate. The main risks of angiomyolipomata, severe bleeding, loss of renal function, and pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, can be ameliorated by active surveillance and preemptive therapy with mTOR inhibitors. Read More

J Patient Rep Outcomes 2018 Dec 13;2:30. Epub 2018 Jul 13.

6Le Bonheur Children's Hospital and the University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN USA.

Background: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by benign tumors in multiple organs, including non-cancerous kidney lesions known as renal angiomyolipomas. This study's objective is to describe the age-stratified morbidity, treatment patterns, and health-related quality of life of TSC patients with renal angiomyolipomas in the United States. A cross-sectional, anonymous web-based survey was conducted with a convenience sample of TSC patients and caregivers identified through a patient advocacy organization. Read More

J Med Ultrasound 2018 Jul-Sep;26(3):119-122. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Angiomyolipoma is one of the renal benign neoplasms. The most of the angiomyolipomas are asymptomatic and found incidentally with ultrasound. They are more prevalent in patients with tuberous sclerosis. Read More

Oncotarget 2018 Aug 31;9(68):32900-32916. Epub 2018 Aug 31.

Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Bio-X Institutes, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) disease is associated with tumors in many organs, particularly angiomyolipoma (AML) in the kidneys. Loss or inactivation of results in high levels of HIF-α activity and VEGF expression. mTOR inhibitor (rapamycin) and the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA)-riboside (AICAR) are currently used separately to treat cancer patients. Read More

Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Nov;14(11):704-716

Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by hamartomatous tumours of the brain, heart, skin, lung and kidney. Patients with TSC show a diverse range of neurological features (including seizures, cognitive disability and autism) and renal manifestations (including angiomyolipomas, epithelial cysts and renal cell carcinoma (RCC)). TSC is caused by inactivating mutations in TSC1 and TSC2, which encode hamartin and tuberin, respectively. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2018 Sep 7;126(9):782-796. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.

Background: The classification of renal neoplasms is essential for oncologic risk stratification and clinical management, and an accurate pretreatment pathologic diagnosis can provide useful guidance for active surveillance, minimally invasive ablative therapy, or surgical resection and can reduce the incidence of overtreatment. Previous studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core-needle biopsy (CNB) for renal masses are limited and show variable results.

Methods: Two hundred forty-seven renal FNA cases with or without concurrent CNB performed and/or reviewed at the Stanford University School of Medicine over the course of 20 years were identified. Read More

PLoS One 2018 7;13(9):e0201005. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Schlumberger Moscow Research Center, Moscow Research Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Moscow, Russian Federation.

Introduction: The EXIST-2 (NCT00790400) study demonstrated the superiority of everolimus over placebo for the treatment of renal angiomyolipomas associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) or sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). This post hoc analysis of EXIST-2 study aimed to assess angiomyolipoma tumor behavior among patients who submitted to continued radiographic examination following discontinuation of everolimus in the noninterventional follow-up phase.

Methods: For patients who discontinued everolimus at the completion of extension phase for reasons other than angiomyolipoma progression, a single CT/MRI scan of the kidney was collected after 1 year of treatment discontinuation. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018 Sep;28(9):S160-S161

Department of Radiology, Civil Hospital and Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi.

Large aneurysms seen in renal angiomyolipoma are usually more common in patients with tuberous sclerosis in comparison with sporadic cases and they are more prone to hemorrhage ranging from renal hematoma to life-threatening perirenal hemorrhages. We present a case of 13-year female patient who was referred to Civil Hospital, Karachi, with bilateral flank pain, cutaneous nodule and low intelligence. Her color doppler ultrasound revealed pseudoaneurysm in left kidney on the background of bilateral renal angiomyolipomas. Read More

Adv Anat Pathol 2018 Nov;25(6):387-399

Robert J. Tomsich Institute of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.

Immunohistochemistry may be a very useful adjunct to morphologic diagnosis in many areas of surgical pathology, including genitourinary pathology. In this review, we address common diagnostic dilemmas where immunophenotypic analysis may be utilized and we highlight pitfalls specific to each scenario. For prostate, we review the diagnosis of limited prostatic adenocarcinoma and the distinction of high-grade prostatic adenocarcinoma from urothelial carcinoma. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2018 Aug;126 Suppl 8:711-723

Baptist Hospital of Miami and Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida.

An increasing number of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) require ancillary studies for diagnosis. The majority of renal fine needle aspirates do not require ancillary studies. Among the most common useful stains are cytokeratin 7 (separating clear cell RCC [negative] from papillary RCC, clear cell papillary RCC, and multilocular cystic RCC [positive] as well as separating chromophobe RCC [diffusely positive] from oncocytoma [focally positive/negative]) and CD117 (separating chromophobe RCC and oncocytoma [positive] from granular variants of clear cell RCC [negative]). Read More

Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Aug;50(4):717-721

Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a common benign tumor in the urinary system, mainly composed of adipose tissue, blood vessels and muscle tissue. Renal AML is sporadic in most of patients, while a few are associated with tuberous sclerosis. Classical renal AML occurs predominantly in middle-aged females. Read More

Diagn Pathol 2018 Aug 16;13(1):53. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University First Hospital, 222 Zhongshan Road, Xigang District, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.

Background: Primary angiosarcoma of the kidney is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor presenting with a recognizable vascular differentiation. Its prognosis is fatal and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Renal angiomyolipoma is a relatively infrequent renal cortical neoplasm and is composed of variable proportions of adipose tissue, spindle cells, epithelioid smooth muscle cells and abnormal thick-walled blood vessels. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2018 Oct 12;50(10):1765-1770. Epub 2018 Aug 12.

Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku St, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic selective arterial embolization (SAE) of angiomyolipomas (AMLs) and to find out predictive factors of significant shrinkage of AMLs after SAE.

Methods: Patients receiving prophylactic SAE for renal AMLs with complete medical records were included. The changes of the size, urine erythrocyte counts, and serum creatinine of all patients pre- and post-embolization were assessed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(32):e11805

Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou.

Rationale: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a subtype of angiomyolipoma with malignant potential. A diagnosis of malignant EAML of the kidney is based on extrarenal metastasis, and predicting early transformation is difficult. To propose criteria for indicators of malignant transformation, herein we report 2 cases and review 17 cases reported in the literature (2000-2017). Read More

Int J Clin Oncol 2018 Dec 1;23(6):1134-1139. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and the utility of second-line everolimus treatment for regrown renal angiomyolipoma (AML) with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) after transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE).

Methods: We investigated a total of 14 patients who underwent second-line everolimus treatment for TSC-AML that regrew after TAE, and assessed their effects and adverse events. Everolimus treatment was performed for AML with a maximum diameter of 4 cm. Read More

J Endourol Case Rep 2018 1;4(1):117-119. Epub 2018 Jul 1.

Department of Urology, The Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.

Hemorrhage from an angiomyolipoma (AML) of the kidney can be life threatening and arterial embolization is the primary treatment. Embolization is less invasive than surgery, is well tolerated, and major complications are rare. We describe a case of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) after embolization of a bleeding renal AML in a 44-year-old man with massive bilateral AMLs. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Jul - Aug;50(6):1904-1909. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Department of Urology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORI) are increasingly used in the treatment of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and as immunosuppressants after organ transplantation. In TSC patients, mTORI are the treatment of choice after kidney transplantation. It is still under debate if benefits from long-term mTORI use will not be limited by side effects. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2018 Aug 15;45(3):311-330. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Radiology; UT Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Road, Suite 210, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address:

The increase in serendipitous detection of solid renal masses on imaging has not resulted in a reduction in mortality from renal cell carcinoma. Consequently, efforts for improved lesion characterization have been pursued and incorporated into management algorithms for distinguishing clinically significant tumors from those with favorable histology or benign conditions. Although diagnostic imaging strategies have evolved for optimized lesion detection, distinction between benign tumors and both indolent and aggressive malignant neoplasms remain an important diagnostic challenge. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Jul 9. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Background: Renal pathology in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by the growth of angiomyolipoma and renal cysts, and in rare cases renal cell carcinoma. Other consequences of renal involvement in TSC, including hypertension, proteinuria, and hyperfiltration, are not well studied. We aimed to analyze the early manifestations of the renal TSC phenotype in a young TSC cohort and to explore common, modifiable risk factors. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Jun;14(Supplement):S394-S399

Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China.

Purpose: To investigate the values of gemstone spectral imaging (GSI)-dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) in differentiation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and minimal-fat renal angiomyolipoma (MF-RAML).

Patients And Methods: Twenty-one patients with ischemic RCC and 19 patients with MF-RAML were enrolled in this study. GSI was performed on them, and the spectrum signs were analyzed. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2018 Aug 15;13(4):829-833. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Radiology, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 50 Charlton Ave E, ONL8N 4A6, Canada.

Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a rare subtype of angiomyolipomas. Unlike the conventional angiomyolipomas, EAML often contains minimal fat which usually precludes prospective diagnosis on imaging. The imaging findings of EAML may overlap with other benign and malignant hepatic neoplasms. Read More

Br J Radiol 2018 Sep 21;91(1089):20170789. Epub 2018 Jun 21.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA , USA.

Objective: To test the feasibility of two-dimensional fast Fourier transforms (FFT)-based imaging metrics in differentiating solid, non-macroscopic fat containing, enhancing renal masses using contrast-enhanced CT images. We quantify image-based intratumoral textural variations (indicator of tumor heterogeneity) using frequency-based (FFT) imaging metrics.

Methods: In this Institutional Review Board approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act -compliant, retrospective case-control study, we evaluated 156 patients with predominantly solid, non-macroscopic fat containing, enhancing renal masses identified between June 2009 and June 2016. Read More

Urology 2018 Sep 7;119:e1-e2. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Beaumont Health, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Molecular Imaging, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3601 W 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI 48073.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is the most commonly encountered mesenchymal tumor of the kidney which can present spontaneously or in association with tuberous sclerosis complex. Rarely, renal AMLs may demonstrate aggressive features such as renal vein invasion. This common entity and its uncommon complications are diagnosed based on physical examination and computed tomography results. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 05 30;19(1):123. Epub 2018 May 30.

Ultrasound Learning Center EFSUMB, Klinik Hirslanden, Zürich, Switzerland.

Background: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma is defined as potentially malignant mesenchymal neoplasm, characterized by proliferating epithelioid cells, whereas classic angiomyolipoma, composed of fat, smooth muscle cells and dysmorphic vessels, is defined as a potentially benign. The usual or classic angiomyolipoma is often found incidentally on imaging studies, relatively easily identified due to the presence of fat, in contrast to the epithelioid angiomyolipoma that can pose diagnostic challenges.

Case Presentation: We report a 51-year-old female patient in which an ultrasonography examination showed a solid mass close to the right renal pelvis with hypoechoic and hyperechoic areas. Read More

Can Assoc Radiol J 2018 Aug 24;69(3):236-239. Epub 2018 May 24.

Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are benign tumours that may occur sporadically in the general population or in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. The concern with AMLs is that of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, which can be fatal. Classically the trigger for prophylactic intervention was thought to be an AML diameter of ≥4 cm. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2018 May 13;18:52-53. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

Department of Pathology, Military Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.

Am J Emerg Med 2019 Jan 21;37(1):45-47. Epub 2018 Apr 21.

Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Introduction: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, etiology, and treatment of a series of patients with spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage (Wunderlich syndrome [WS]).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 26 patients hospitalized for WS in a tertiary urological center between 2011 and 2018. All patients were evaluated for perirenal hemorrhage observed on computed tomography (CT) in the emergency department. Read More

Radiologe 2018 Jun;58(6):553-562

Institut für Radiologie, Krankenhaus Landshut-Achdorf, Landshut, Deutschland.

Clinical Issue: Renal lesions are detected earlier, often as a result of ultrasound examinations. However, the imaging-based differential diagnosis of different tumour entities remains challenging STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS: All renal tumours >1 cm should be evaluated for malignancy by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If an angiomyolipoma diagnosis cannot be established with imaging, further diagnostics are appropriate or if malignant progression is suspected, then multidisciplinary discussion for TNM-staging based uro-oncologic therapy is usual. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 May 15;18(1):561. Epub 2018 May 15.

Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Renal epithelioid angiomyolipomas (EAML) are rare tumors with aggressive behavior. EAML can be sporadic or develop within the tuberous sclerosis complex syndrome, where mutations of TSC1 or TSC2 genes (critical negative regulators of mTOR Complex 1) result in an increased activation of mTOR pathway. Optimal EAML treatment, including mTOR inhibitors, remains undetermined. Read More

Invest Radiol 2018 08;53(8):477-485

Department of Radiology B, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, University of Strasbourg, France

Objectives: The aims of this study were to evaluate the agreement of computed tomography (CT)-perfusion parameter values of the normal renal cortex and various renal tumors, which were obtained by different mathematical models, and to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy.

Materials And Methods: Perfusion imaging was performed prospectively in 35 patients to analyze 144 regions of interest of the normal renal cortex and 144 regions of interest of renal tumors, including 21 clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (RCC), 6 papillary RCCs, 5 oncocytomas, 1 chromophobe RCC, 1 angiomyolipoma with minimal fat, and 1 tubulocystic RCC. Identical source data were postprocessed and analyzed on 2 commercial software applications with the following implemented mathematical models: maximum slope, Patlak plot, standard singular-value decomposition (SVD), block-circulant SVD, oscillation-limited block-circulant SVD, and Bayesian estimation technique. Read More

Turk J Urol 2018 May 1;44(3):268-273. Epub 2018 May 1.

Division of Pediatric Oncology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.

Objective: Renal tumors are not uncommon in children. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and pathological features of renal tumors in children.

Material And Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2017, the records of children with renal tumors in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Int J Surg 2018 Jun 30;54(Pt A):216-221. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Department of Urology, Medical College of People's Liberation Army, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objectives: To introduce a 'kidney priority' strategy in treating large renal angiomyolipoma (RAML) with retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery (RLNSS).

Patients And Methods: From 2010 to 2017, 41 patients with large RAML underwent RLNSS. Distinguished from the standard practice, the kidney was preferentially mobilized and separated from the RAML. Read More

Curr Drug Metab 2018 ;19(8):653-662

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of cancer in patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) is higher compared with the general population. The role of Lithium (Li) in cancer proliferation/inhibition is still a controversial issue in the literature.

Objective: Based on a clinical case with lithium intake and development of a renal tumor, we aimed to explore the relationship between Li use and tumor proliferation, with regard to the mechanism of action of Li. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Mar;10(3):E166-E169

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumour, which rarely involve inferior vena cava (IVC) and pulmonary arteries. Here we reported a 41-year-old man, who presented symptoms of chronic pulmonary embolism. After multiple images evaluation, a large tumour with the same properties as the pulmonary embolism was found in the right kidney. Read More