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Acta Med Litu 2020 ;27(1):33-38

Urology Centre, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania.

Background: Renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma is a rare tumour which involves kidneys in most cases. It is known for its aggressive behaviour as a significant number of cases have been associated with metastatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma. Usually, radical treatment with systemic therapy is recommended. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 May 23;47:151538. Epub 2020 May 23.

Department of Pathology, Sfax University Medical Center, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.

Background: Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a rare potentially malignant variant of renal angiomyolipoma (RAML). This study aims to determine whether RAML clinico-pathologic and molecular features (i.e. Read More

Urol Ann 2020 Apr-Jun;12(2):193-195. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Urology, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) consists of <10% of all renal tumors and is the most common benign mesenchymal neoplasm of the kidney. It arises from the renal cortex and extends toward perirenal fat. Fat-poor AML as well as those arising from rare locations may pose diagnostic difficulties. Read More

Virchows Arch 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Largo L. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.

Parvalbumin is a cytosolic calcium-binding protein expressed in the distal convoluted tubule of the renal nephron. Among epithelial renal tumors, the reactivity for parvalbumin is observed in chromophobe renal cell carcinomas and frequently in oncocytomas. On the other hand, there are no data available on parvalbumin expression in the mesenchymal tumors of the kidney. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020 May;10(5):988-998

Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.

Background: This study aimed to identify clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) histopathological grade and differentiate it from fat-poor angiomyolipoma (AML). This was achieved through contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) T1 mapping with intravenous low-dose gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA).

Methods: In total, 56 consecutive patients received MR scanning between January 2016 and December 2018 using the pre- and post- contrast-enhanced T1 mapping sequences with low-dose Gd-DTPA (0. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 28;12(6). Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Centre, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.

Radiomics texture analysis offers objective image information that could otherwise not be obtained by radiologists' subjective radiological interpretation. We investigated radiomics applications in renal tumor assessment and provide a comprehensive review. A detailed search of original articles was performed using the PubMed-MEDLINE database until 20 March 2020 to identify English literature relevant to radiomics applications in renal tumor assessment. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2020 Mar-Apr;34(2):643-646

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin China.

Transplant Proc 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.

Background: Kidney transplantation (KT) is the preferred treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), while preemptive (PE) living donor (LD) KT is associated with better survival, quality of life, and lower costs. Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic multisystem disorder. Renal involvement (multiple bilateral angiomyolipoma [AMLs], cysts, renal cell carcinoma [RCC]) is related to significant morbidity, including ESKD and KT. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May;99(20):e20167

Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors of sporadic renal hamartoma and establish a risk scoring system, and to intervene in patients with high-risk sporadic renal hamartoma who are prone to rupture and bleeding as soon as possible.Retrospective univariate and multivariate logistic analyzes were conducted for clinical data of 332 sporadic renal hamartoma patients to screen out independent risk factors of tumor rupture. Score of each independent risk factor was calculated. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 8;70:149-153. Epub 2020 May 8.

Departent of Urology, Notre Dame des Secours University Hospital Center, Byblos City, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.

Introduction: Renal angiomyolipomas (AML) are often regarded as benign tumors. This article reports the case of a 47 year old patient with AML associated with a venous invasion of the inferior vena cava.

Presentation Of Case: Our 47 year old male patient presented for flank pain and hematuria. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2020 May 15. Epub 2020 May 15.

Department of Radiology, Keck USC School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has emerged as a useful imaging modality for the evaluation of the transplant kidney. Advantages over traditional imaging modalities such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging include the ability to visualize a lesion's enhancement pattern in real time, the lack of nephrotoxicity, and relatively low cost. Potential uses of contrast-enhanced ultrasound include characterization of solid and cystic transplant renal masses, assessment for pyelonephritis and identification of its complications, and evaluation of transplant complications in immediate and delayed settings. Read More

Cancer Res 2020 May 11. Epub 2020 May 11.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by multi-organ hamartomas, including renal angiomyolipomas and pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). TSC2 deficiency leads to hyperactivation of mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1), a master regulator of cell growth and metabolism. Phospholipid metabolism is dysregulated upon TSC2 loss, causing enhanced production of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species by TSC2-deficient tumor cells. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2020 May 4;18(1):86. Epub 2020 May 4.

Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Urology Clinic Perugia-Terni, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

Introduction: The incidence of synchronous RCC and colorectal cancer is heterogeneous ranging from 0.03 to 4.85%. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2020 May 4:1066896920916780. Epub 2020 May 4.

Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

. Primary renal mesenchymal neoplasms are rare but diverse. Several neoplasms of mesenchymal derivation can arise as a primary renal mass; however, incidental tumors are identified in nephrectomies performed for end-stage renal disease or other malignant epithelial renal neoplasms. Read More

Br J Radiol 2020 Jul 11;93(1111):20200002. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Radiology, Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objective: Establish a workflow that utilizes convolutional neural nets (CNN) to classify solid, lipid-poor, contrast enhancing renal masses using multiphase contrast enhanced CT (CECT) images and to assess the performance of the resulting network.

Methods: In this institutional review board approved study of 143 patients with predominantly solid, lipid-poor, contrast enhancing renal lesions (46 benign and 97 malignant), patients with a pre-operative multiphase CECT of the abdomen and pelvis obtained between June 2009 and June 2015 were retrospectively queried. Benign renal masses included oncocytoma and lipid-poor angiomyolipoma and the malignant group included clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe carcinomas. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Apr 29. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.

Objectives: To develop a deep learning-based method for automated classification of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from benign solid renal masses using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images.

Methods: This institutional review board-approved retrospective study evaluated CECT in 315 patients with 77 benign (57 oncocytomas, and 20 fat-poor angiomyolipoma) and 238 malignant (RCC: 123 clear cell, 69 papillary, and 46 chromophobe subtypes) tumors identified consecutively between 2015 and 2017. We employed a decision fusion-based model to aggregate slice level predictions determined by convolutional neural network (CNN) via a majority voting system to evaluate renal masses on CECT. Read More

Rozhl Chir 2020 ;99(2):91-94

Introduction: Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor. It consists of vessels, fatty tissue and muscle tissue. These can appear in various ratios. Read More

Urology 2020 Apr 26. Epub 2020 Apr 26.

Department of Urology, UT-Chattanooga College of Medicine, Chattanooga, TN. Electronic address:

Objective: To report the initial case of robotic-assisted level IV inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombectomy, with the supra- and infradiaphragmatic caval segments managed purely by a robotic-assisted technique.

Methods: A 67-year-old female presented with a 5.3 × 2. Read More

Int J Urol 2020 Jul 28;27(7):599-604. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Departments of, Department of, Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: To show the epidemiological characteristics of epithelioid angiomyolipoma in a Japanese population, and to establish the preoperative diagnosis method of epithelioid angiomyolipoma.

Methods: Among the 855 tumors of patients who underwent partial/radical nephrectomy or renal biopsy for presumed renal cell carcinoma between 2007 and 2018, 39 renal tumors were diagnosed as nonclassical angiomyolipoma, including epithelioid angiomyolipoma and fat-poor angiomyolipoma. We retrospectively evaluated the incidence of epithelioid angiomyolipoma. Read More

Acta Radiol 2020 Apr 22:284185120918372. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020 06 14;214(6):1220-1228. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Warren 831B, Boston, MA 02114.

This article provides a brief overview of the clinicopathologic and radiologic correlation of 12 renal neoplasms, encompassing the conventional subtypes of renal cell carcinoma and a few of the newly recognized subtypes from the 2016 World Health Organization classification of renal tumors. In addition, we touch upon infrequent neoplasms that may enter the differential diagnosis of a renal mass, with corresponding radiologic and gross images and histologic findings of case-based examples. Familiarity with the radiologic and pathologic characteristics of renal cell carcinoma and other renal neoplasms is important to correctly identify and treat these masses. Read More

Cureus 2020 Feb 10;12(2):e6937. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Urology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA.

The gap between the kidney transplant recipient list and the number of organs available for transplantation continues to grow. Kidneys from living donors are a major source of high-quality organs. However, they commonly have benign conditions such as cysts and benign tumors that present as operative challenges. Read More

Cureus 2020 Feb 4;12(2):e6881. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Trauma, Riverside Community Hospital, Riverside, USA.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a mesenchymal tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells most commonly seen in the kidney and rarely in extrarenal sites. Adrenal AML is a rare clinical entity with only 16 cases reported in the literature according to the World Health Organization report in 2017. We present a 68-year-old male evaluated in our emergency room with worsening chronic right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020 Mar;49(3):244-249

Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma with epithelial cysts(AMLEC). Four cases of renal AMLEC diagnosed between January 2014 and June 2019 at the Department of Pathology,Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were subjected to clinicopathological, histological and immunohistochemistry analyses along with a literature review. All the four patients were females and aged from 19 to 52 years (mean 34. Read More

BMC Med Genet 2020 03 14;21(1):52. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Section of General Surgery and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery I, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Avenida Lauro Gomes, 2000, Santo André/São Paulo, CEP 09060-870, Brazil.

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis characterized by benign growth of the hair follicles, the presence of pulmonary cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax, and bilateral renal tumors that are usually hybrid oncocytic or multifocal chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of a pathogenic variant in the tumor suppressor folliculin (FLCN) gene mapped at 17p11.2. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Jul 6;30(7):4023-4038. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Avenue, New York, NY, 10016, USA.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of renal tumor subtypes and meta-analysis on the diagnostic performance of ADC for differentiation of localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from other renal tumor types.

Methods: Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies published until May 1, 2019, that reported ADC values of renal tumors. Methodological quality was evaluated. Read More

J Nephrol 2020 Mar 4. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

Service de Néphrologie, CHU Rennes, 8 rue Henri le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes, France.

In patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), renal complications are not limited to bleeding angiomyolipoma (AML); although rare, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) may occur. New treatments (e.g. Read More

Clin Med Insights Case Rep 2020 17;13:1179547620906863. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Department of Medicine I, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.

Angiomyolipomas are rare benign tumors of the kidneys, with a risk of spontaneous hemorrhage including severe retroperitoneal bleedings. In this study, we report clinical outcomes of 5 patients who underwent 8 embolization sessions using 96% ethanol, as there is scarce data using this embolic agent for this indication. The primary angiographic success could be achieved in all but 1 lesion, which was not accessible due to vasospasm of the supplying vessel. Read More

Urologiia 2019 12(6):98-105

Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

A clinical case of successful drug treatment of multiple renal angiomyolipomas in patient with tuberous sclerosis is presented, which suggests potential role of medical treatment of benign kidney tumors. Read More

Br J Radiol 2020 Apr 4;93(1108):20190975. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Imaging, Radiation Oncology and Oncohematology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of signal loss on in-phase (IP) gradient-echo (GRE) images for differentiation between renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and lipid-poor angiomyolipomas (lpAMLs).

Methods: We retrospectively searched our institutional database for histologically proven small RCCs (<5.0 cm) and AMLs without visible macroscopic fat (lpAMLs). Read More

Scand J Urol 2020 Apr 23;54(2):141-146. Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

To present a patient material of renal angiomyolipoma (AML) with focus on the risk of bleeding during active surveillance (AS). Medical records, 1999-2014, were studied and 98 patients (80 female, 18 men) with renal AML were identified. Eleven patients had tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Read More

Asian J Surg 2020 Jan 17. Epub 2020 Jan 17.

Department of Urology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Japan.

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is the most common benign tumor of the kidney. It consists of blood vessels, smooth muscle and fat components in varying proportions. AML is divided into the sporadic type and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-associated type. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 28;66:374-378. Epub 2019 Dec 28.

Iran University of Medical Sciences, General Surgery Department, Iran. Electronic address:

Introduction: Renal angiomyolipoma (also called renal hamartoma) is a benign Tumor, composed of adipose tissue, smooth muscle tissue, and blood vessels. Tumors more than 10 cm (referred to as "giant" AMLs) are infrequent and a very small number of reported cases were measured more than 20 cm. Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML), is a rare variant of angiomyolipoma with malignant potential. Read More

Rev Esp Patol 2020 Jan - Mar;53(1):66-70. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Canarias.

We present a case of a 67 year old male with a cortical nodular tumour of the left kidney. During a year's follow-up with ultrasound and MRI, the tumour was seen to increase in size by 16-20 mm. The nodule was surgically removed. Read More

Vasc Endovascular Surg 2020 Apr 13;54(3):240-246. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the microvascular plug (MVP) for selective renal artery embolization.

Methods: Retrospective review was performed on a cohort of 6 patients undergoing renal artery embolization using the MVP between July 2015 and August 2018. Patients' demographics, indication for embolization, technical details of the embolization procedure, and clinical events were gathered from the patients' electronic medical records. Read More

Aging (Albany NY) 2020 01 12;12(1):756-766. Epub 2020 Jan 12.

Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, PR China.

The germline mutation of the TSC1/2 gene in bilateral renal angiomyolipomas is unclear. Meanwhile, the mutation spectrum of Chinese TSC patients has not been revealed. We recruited 78 patients diagnosed with bilateral renal AMLs. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2020 01;95(1):205-206

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Rev Med Chil 2019 Jun;147(6):703-708

Servicio de Urología, Complejo Asistencial Hospital Dr Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Small renal masses (SRM) are defined as complex organ-confined solid or cystic lesions < 4 cm. Up to 20% of these can be benign. A conservative management with active surveillance can be done in some patients. Read More

Cancer Biol Ther 2020 Apr 17;21(4):315-319. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Keiwakai Nishioka Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) is classified as a perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm, mostly occurring in the kidney. Twenty percent of patients with renal AML have tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) caused by germline variation in the or gene. In this paper, we report the first case of renal AML harboring somatic missense mutations of the gene and concomitant copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH). Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020 02 4;214(2):370-382. Epub 2019 Dec 4.

School of Mechanical, Electrical & Information Engineering, Shandong University, 180 Wenhua Rd W, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.

The objective of our study was to preoperatively predict fat-poor angiomyolipoma (fp-AML) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by conducting quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced CT images. One hundred fifteen patients with a pathologic diagnosis of fp-AML or RCC from a single institution were randomly allocated into a train set (tumor size: mean ± SD, 4.50 ± 2. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2020 Feb 6;18(1):e5-e9. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

S Afr J Surg 2019 Dec;57(4):33-39

Urologist in private practice, Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: To evaluate the indications, efficacy and outcomes of endovascular renal artery embolisation (RAE) in the management of renal haemorrhage, specifically in cases of non-iatrogenic origin.

Method: This is a retrospective case note review of 92 patients who underwent RAE in the period from August 1999 to August 2014 at Tygerberg Hospital.

Results: Renal artery embolisation was performed in a total of 92 patients. Read More

Urologe A 2019 Dec;58(12):1418-1428

Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.

Background: In Germany, renal tumours are detected earlier also due to advancing technology within ultrasound devices and its more widespread application. Ultrasound diagnosis is usually the first imaging procedure available to urologists. For all renal lesions larger than 1 cm in diameter, fat content can be revealed by quantitative measurements within CT/MRI diagnostic modalities to confirm the suspected diagnosis of angiomyolipoma, or in patients with potentially malignant renal lesions referral (with all the their imaging data) to the multidisciplinary tumour team. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Nov 14;12(11). Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Perirenal haematoma is a rare and life-threatening condition in view of severe and ongoing blood loss. Most common causes are renal cancer, angiomyolipoma and vasculitis. Spontaneous causes of this rare entity may occur with use of anticoagulants and antiplatelets. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020 02;45(2):512-519

MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, 100000, China.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic effectiveness of arterial spin labeling (ASL) MR imaging in differentiating fat-poor AML from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: In this prospective study, 29 ccRCC patients and 9 fat-poor AML patients underwent routine anatomical MRI and ASL at 3T before surgery after signing written informed consent form. For each tumor, tumor blood flow (TBF) was measured in a region of interest (ROI) which was positioned to outline the edge of the target lesions on ASL perfusion maps. Read More

Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019 Nov;57(11):852-856

Department of Pediatrics, First Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of rapamycin in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) associated renal disease. A prospective self-control study was conducted. The clinical data of 92 children diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex associated kidney disease at the People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2011 to January 2019 were collected. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Jan 3;28:101035. Epub 2019 Oct 3.

Department of Urology, Children's University Hospital, Damascus, Syria.

Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a subtype of angiomyolipoma, the most common benign renal tumour and usually asymptomatic until adulthood. This paper reports a patient with EAML identified at 30 months, the youngest age of presentation with this tumour reported in the literature. In this case the tumour was extremely large andwas successfully surgically removed. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Jan 30;28:101031. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.

Angiomyolipoma is a benign neoplasm of the kidney, and is the most common renal tumour associated with haemorrhage. Risk of bleeding increases with the size of the angiomyolipoma. We report a case of spontaneous bleeding from an upper polar renal angiomyolipoma mimicking a spontaneous adrenal bleed from a pheochromocytoma. Read More

Can J Urol 2019 10;26(5):9960-9962

Department of Urology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA.

Epithelioid renal angiomyolipoma is a rare malignant variant of angiomyolipoma (AML); the latter being a well-characterized, benign kidney tumor derived from various connective tissue elements. In this case report, we describe a patient with an epithelioid AML and renal vein thrombus. Read More