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Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2019 Mar 20;17(1):11. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.

Background: Intra-articular corticosteroid injections (IACI) are frequently used in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. There is a paucity of evidence-based research describing methods of pain and anxiety control for this procedure. IACI were mostly performed under general anesthesia for children younger than 13 years old in our institution as of 2014. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):296-299

AMA Optimex Clinic, Bucharest, Romania.

To analyse the results of subCyclo (subliminal transscleral cyclophotocoagulation) laser procedure for patients with glaucoma. The study included 50 eyes of 32 patients diagnosed with various subtypes of glaucoma for which we performed subliminal transscleral cyclophotocoagulation under retrobulbar anesthesia. After the procedure, all patients were advised to continue their antiglaucoma medication until further notice and we added a topical steroid for 2 weeks. Read More

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2019 Mar;56(2):101-106

Purpose: To review and analyze the surgical outcomes of bilateral medial rectus recession with adjustable suture in acute concomitant esotropia of adulthood (ACEA).

Methods: The charts of all adults diagnosed as having ACEA between 2004 and 2017 were reviewed. Best corrected visual acuity, refractive error, ocular alignment measured in prism diopters (PD), and stereopsis were examined at presentation, 1 day postoperatively, and final follow-up visit (median: 10 months; range: 4 to 144 months). Read More

Anesth Prog 2019 ;66(1):24-29

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Lahore, Pakistan.

This study aims to compare the effect of topical anesthesia against the use of no topical agent on pain of needle penetration and local anesthesia deposition during buccal infiltration in anterior maxilla. In a randomized controlled trial, 100 adult participants were randomly allocated to the benzocaine group (received 20% benzocaine gel) and no benzocaine group (received no topical agent) prior to buccal infiltration in maxillary anterior teeth. A 27-gauge needle was used to deposit 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 26;14:1551-1562. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.

Aim: To develop the topical gel containing transferosomal lidocaine as alternative to painful local anesthetic injection.

Materials And Methods: The transfersomes were prepared by film hydration technique using soybean phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. The prepared transfersomes were evaluated for the morphology, drug loading, %EE, particle size and in vitro release. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Epsom and St. Helier University, National Health Service Trust, Sutton, London, United Kingdom.

Purpose: To define factors affecting cataract surgery operating time for operating room planning, optimizing throughput, enhancing patient experiences, minimizing costs, and allocating training time.

Setting: Epsom and St. Helier University National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, Massachusetts.

Objective: To evaluate the use of cyanoacrylate adhesive as an adjunct to lamellar keratectomy in cats with corneal sequestrum.

Methods: Medical records were reviewed to identify cats with naturally occurring midstromal corneal sequestra treated with lamellar keratectomy and cyanoacrylate adhesive. All cats also had a bandage contact lens placed for postoperative comfort. Read More

Cornea 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana," Mexico City, Mexico.

Purpose: To report a novel clinical presentation of corneal biofilms, consisting of formation of superficial and recurrent corneal plaques.

Methods: Interventional case report. A 9-year-old boy presented with subepithelial, whitish, avascular, and recurrent corneal plaques without any clinical manifestations of active corneal inflammation and/or infection. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, L7 8XP, UK.

There is variability in the management of ophthalmic patients on anti-thrombotic agents (antiplatelets and anticoagulants) during the peri-operative period. A survey carried out in a UK teaching hospital on a cohort of ophthalmologists showed majority were comfortable with antiplatelet management but there was variability in managing patients on warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs); 40% were unaware of existing guidelines. We aim to review the recommendations in the literature with regards to managing anti-thrombotic agents during the peri-operative period of ophthalmic surgery. Read More

ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2019 Mar 5;81(1):48-54. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Background: Office-based rhinologic procedures are increasingly performed to control costs and enhance patient convenience. Adequate management of pain and anxiety is essential for the technical performance of these procedures, in addition to ensuring patient comfort. Pharmacologic agents are often used to manage anxiety and pain. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York.

Objectives: Multiple topical anesthesia techniques exist for office-based laryngeal surgery. Our objective was to assess patient and surgeon satisfaction for three different techniques.

Study Design: Cohort study. Read More

Saudi Med J 2019 Mar;40(3):238-245

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.

Objectives: To assess current adherence to international guidelines for practitioners of bronchoscopy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia between December 2016 and March 2017. Pulmonologists, thoracic surgeons, and intensivists were invited to answer an emailed self-administered questionnaire survey seeking information on how they performed flexible bronchoscopy in adults. Read More

Strabismus 2019 Mar 4;27(1):1-5. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

b School of medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan.

Introduction: Recently, to reduce the incidence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR) in strabismus surgery, retrobulbar block and anticholinergic drugs or local anesthesia are also used. The present study evaluated the effects of Tetracaine eye drop as a topical nerve blocker on OCR during strabismus surgery.

Methods And Materials: In this randomized trial, 70 strabismus surgery candidates were randomly divided into placebo or synthetic teardrop (E) and Tetracaine eye drop (T) groups, so 3 drops of each solution were dropped in four directions of patients' eye immediately after applying anesthesia and before surgery. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is advantageous for the one-step diagnosis and staging of lung adenocarcinoma under topical anesthesia and conscious sedation. We examined its efficacy for identifying EGFR mutations.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with proven or suspected lung adenocarcinoma indicated for hilar-mediastinal lymph node (LN) staging between June 2011 and December 2017 were enrolled. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 26. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Although office-based transnasal esophagoscopy has been investigated extensively, a cost analysis is still lacking. We performed a cost analysis combined with feasibility study for two diagnostic processes: patients with globus pharyngeus and/or dysphagia, and hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods: Prospective cohort study. Read More

Plast Surg Nurs 2019 Jan/Mar;39(1):22-24

Alberto Pérez-García, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain. Juan Ramón Esteban-Vico, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain. Concepción Lorca-García, MD, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gregorio Marañón Hospital, Madrid, Spain. Jose María García-Sánchez, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain. Luis Miranda Gómez, PhD, Department of Plastic Surgery, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain. Abel Llinás Porte, MD, Department of Plastic Surgery, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain. Pilar García-Sanz, RN, School of Nursing, University of Valencia, Spain.

This study investigated the use of endonasal infiltrative anesthesia for the management of pain associated with nasal bone fracture reduction. Fifty-two patients with nasal bone fractures were distributed in 2 groups. In the first group, topical endonasal anesthesia and external transcutaneous infiltrative anesthesia were employed. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Oxymetazoline is an α-adrenergic agonist that is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery. There are limited data on oxymetazoline pharmacokinetics in children who undergo general anesthesia. We assessed the hemodynamic effects and systemic absorption of topically applied oxymetazoline in children undergoing various nasal procedures. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2018 Nov-Dec;50(6):344-349

Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Objectives: Thrombosis and thrombophlebitis of the superficial venous system are common in hospitalized patients. Efficacy and safety of topical quick penetrating solution (QPS) of heparin were compared to heparin sodium topical gel for the prevention of infusion-associated phlebitis.

Materials And Methods: Patients aged 18-65 years undergoing intravenous cannulation for at least 72 h were enrolled and randomized to receive 6-8 drops of topical solution of heparin (Group sodium topical solution [QPS]) or1 g of topical gel (Group GEL) over the cannulated vein every 8 hourly for a total of 10 doses. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar;67(3):335-339

Department of Ophthalmology, Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to know practice pattern of cataract surgeons when operating on patients, positive for blood-borne viral infections (BBVIs), namely, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. We also studied their awareness, knowledge, and attitude toward universal precautions and guidelines.

Methods: The telephonic survey enrolled practicing cataract surgeons, who were interviewed to record responses pertaining to their practice using an open-ended questionnaire. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Cell Engineering Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz Hospital Research Institute, Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: To evaluate the one-year safety and efficacy of the cellular therapy of the corneal stroma by implanting autologous adipose derived adult stem cells (ADASc) with or without sheets of decellularized donor human corneal stroma within the stroma of patients with advanced keratoconus.

Methods: Prospective interventional non-randomized series of cases. Fourteen consecutive patients were selected and distributed into 3 experimental groups: A) Implantation of autologous ADASc alone (3x 10/1mL ) (n:5); B) Decellularized donor 120 μm thick corneal stroma lamina alone (n:5); C) Recellularized donor lamina with 1x10 autologous ADASc+ another 1x10/1mL cells at the time of the surgery (n:4). Read More

J Dairy Sci 2019 Apr 14;102(4):3431-3438. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Center for Animal Welfare, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616. Electronic address:

Dairy calves are routinely administered medicines, vaccines, and anesthesia via injection. Although injections are painful, little is known about methods to alleviate this pain. The aim of this study was to determine whether lidocaine-prilocaine cream, a topical anesthetic, reduced calves' pain response to a subcutaneous injection around the cornual nerve. Read More

Trials 2019 Feb 12;20(1):125. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Wang Fu Jing Street, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been routinely delivered in multisegmental spinal decompression and bone graft fusion surgeries with satisfactory outcomes in minimizing gross blood loss and transfusion demands. However, concerns remain that intravenously delivered TXA (ivTXA) may increase risks of postoperative convulsive seizures and systemic thrombogenicity. Topical use of TXA (tTXA), being more targeted to the surgical bleeding site while minimizing patient systemic exposure to ivTXA, has been successfully applied to attenuate blood losses and transfusion requirements in hip and knee arthroplasty. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

South Carolina Aquarium, Charleston, South Carolina.

Cataract removal using phacoemulsification was performed in 10 loggerhead turtles being rehabilitated after stranding. All turtles had significant systemic abnormalities and had cataracts either at the time of rescue or developed them during rehabilitation. Surgical difficulties encountered included an extremely soft globe that did not allow for a partial thickness corneal incision, incomplete topical anesthesia of the ocular surface with proparacaine, inability to dilate the pupil pharmacologically, a markedly shallow anterior chamber, a thick posterior capsular plaque in most cases, and difficulty creating a watertight closure with sutures. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 17;9:752. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication of the surgical experience and is common in the elderly and patients with preexisting neurocognitive disorders. Animal and human studies suggest that neuroinflammation from either surgery or anesthesia is a major contributor to the development of POCD. Moreover, a large and growing body of literature has focused on identifying potential risk factors for the development of POCD, as well as identifying candidate treatments based on the neuroinflammatory hypothesis. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Pediatric Department, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine if simultaneous tracheal and supraglottic pressure measurement performed during a continuous laryngoscopy exercise (CLE) test is possible, tolerable, and feasible, and if so, whether measurements can be used to determined airflow resistance over the larynx, thus providing an objective outcome measure for the CLE test, the gold standard for diagnosing exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction.

Study Design: Explorative descriptive clinical study.

Methods: A CLE test was performed with the addition of two pressure sensors (Mikro-Cath 825-0101; Millar, Houston, TX) placed at the epiglottic tip and at the fifth tracheal ring. Read More

Syst Rev 2019 Jan 24;8(1):32. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Background: Emergence coughing and bucking, secondary to endotracheal tube stimulation of the tracheal mucosa, frequently occurs after the general anesthetic recedes. Besides general unpleasantness, coughing has important physiological sequelae that may be detrimental to the postoperative patient. Multiple pharmacological strategies have been published, but prior systematic reviews on this topic have neither been comprehensive enough in their literature or medication search, nor provided us the answer regarding what the best pharmacological method is to prevent or minimize peri-extubation coughing. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2019 10;13:153-160. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Anesthesia, Michael Garron Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada.

This study discusses local anesthetic agents, administration techniques, ancillary considerations, and safety precautions for oculoplastic surgery including eyelid, lacrimal, orbital, and temporal artery biopsy procedures. Methods for reducing patient apprehension and discomfort including systemic premedication, topical pre-anesthetic, visual, auditory and tactile distraction techniques, regional blocks, small gauge needles, warmed lidocaine, and buffered lidocaine are discussed. Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2018 ;89:552-555

Introduction: Accordingly with the new physiopathologic insights of the 70s and 80s, hemorrhoidal disease appears to originate not much from venous hyperplasia but rather from a progressive deterioration of connective and support tissues with subsequent venous and mucosal prolapse. In the late 90s a new surgical technique for a more physiological treatment of hemorrhoids was introduced: stapled prolassectomy.

Materials And Methods: Between October 2017 and June 2018 we performed 50 hemorrhoidal stapled prolassectomies under local-regional anesthesia. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Mar/Apr;35(2):113-125

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Purpose: Various factors help minimize pain during the injection of local anesthetic. The majority of current evidence involves nonspecific injection sites. The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary of all existing evidence for methods used to reduce injection pain specifically in the context of periocular procedures. Read More

Int J Lang Commun Disord 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Communication Disorders, The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Background: The Test of Masticating and Swallowing Solids (TOMASS) has been developed to provide clinicians with objective data regarding the efficiency of oral phase function and solid bolus ingestion.

Aims: To determine if the TOMASS will detect changes in the oral phase of swallowing imposed by topical anaesthesia, thus providing validation of its clinical utility.

Methods & Procedures: Per the standard protocol, 10 healthy participants ate one-quarter of an Arnotts Salada biscuit. Read More

Clin Ther 2019 Feb 17;41(2):291-302. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Stephen A. Cooper DMD, PhD, LLC, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA.

Purpose: CTY-5339A is an investigational topical anesthetic spray containing 14% benzocaine/2% tetracaine in a metered canister. Each spray delivers ∼0.2 mL of solution. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Lyra Therapeutics, Inc, Watertown, MA.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients who fail medical management have few treatment options other than endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). A novel biodegradable mometasone furoate drug delivery system (LYR-210) providing continuous topical steroid therapy to sinonasal mucosa over 24 weeks was developed to treat unoperated CRS patients who have failed medical management prior to ESS. LYR-210 was designed to slowly expand in the middle meatus, ensuring efficient drug delivery as mucosal swelling reduces. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(2):e14098

Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan University West China Hospital.

Fast-track anesthesia (FTA) is difficult to achieve in neonates due to immature organ function and high rates of perioperative events. As a high-risk population, neonates require prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation, which may lead to contradictions in cases where neonatal intensive care unit resources and ventilator facilities are limited. The choice of anesthesia strategy and anesthetic can help achieve rapid postoperative rehabilitation and save hospitalization costs. Read More

AAPS PharmSciTech 2019 Jan 9;20(2):63. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

College of Pharmacy, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, People's Republic of China.

Topical administration is a preferable choice for local anesthetic delivery. Microemulsions have shown great effectiveness for transdermal transport of lidocaine. However, fabrication of microemulsions containing highly concentrated lidocaine (10%) to provide an extended local anesthetic effect is still a challenge. Read More

Anaesthesist 2019 Mar 9;68(3):143-151. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Background: Peribulbar block is considered a safe option for patients undergoing cataract surgery. The limited duration of regional eye blocks was shown to be the main problem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adjuvant midazolam (in two concentrations) to lidocaine in the peribulbar block. Read More

Int Urogynecol J 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Building 31; Room B2 B32, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Botulinum toxin (BoNT) is increasingly used for pain, especially with muscle spasm. We describe our methodology for BoNT treatment of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in women and place it in the context of the literature on techniques for this use.

Methods: Databases were searched using terms "botulinum toxin," "pelvic pain," and "vaginismus. Read More

J Res Med Sci 2018 28;23:102. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Advantage of using local sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) is still challenging. In the current study, the effect of lidocaine spray versus lidocaine viscous solution for pharyngeal local anesthesia during UGE has been compared.

Materials And Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial conducted on 130 patients conducting UGE in 2013. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2018 18;11(12):1932-1935. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

S. Maria Goretti Hospital, via Guido Reni 1, Latina 04100, Italy.

Aim: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and patient adherence of intracameral lidocaine as supplement of classic topical anesthetic drops in cataract surgery.

Methods: A prospective and controlled trial including a large cohort of 1650 individuals suffering with bilateral cataract not complicated, in program by phacoemulsification surgery, were randomly assigned to 2 different groups for the type of anesthesia received, 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (INN) drops, and INN drops associated to intracameral 1% lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2018 13;12:4231-4240. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, People's Republic of China,

Purpose: Transdermal drug delivery of local anesthetics using lipid nanoparticles could enhance lipophilic drugs permeation through the stratum corneum, improve drug diffusion to deeper skin, and exert good therapeutic effects. The purpose of this study was to engineer a Tocopheryl Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate (TPGS)-modified cationic nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for the delivery of lidocaine (LID; TPGS/LID-NLC).

Materials And Methods: TPGS/LID-NLC was prepared by solvent diffusion method. Read More

Acta Stomatol Croat 2018 Jun;52(2):156-159

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia.

Hematoma is among less frequent complications which occur following local anesthesia. The posterior superior alveolar nerve block and inferior alveolar nerve block are known to be accompanied with a higher incidence of positive aspiration compared to all infiltration and block anesthesia techniques in oral surgery. We present the case of an otherwise healthy 8-year-old boy who experienced a large cheek hematoma after a routine infiltration anesthesia in the maxilla. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan;67(1):182-183

Centro de Retina Médica y Quirurgica, S.C., Centro Médico Puerta de Hierro; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.

Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan;67(1):181-182

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Sci Rep 2018 Dec 19;8(1):17972. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.

This study reports the development of nanostructured hydrogels for the sustained release of the eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine (both at 2.5%) for intraoral topical use. The local anesthetics, free or encapsulated in poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocapsules, were incorporated into CARBOPOL hydrogel. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 12;49(12):e233-e239

Background And Objective: To compare large spot versus standard spot laser for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Patients And Methods: Eighty eyes of 40 infants with bilateral type 1 ROP were randomized for laser photocoagulation using laser indirect ophthalmoscope with either standard spot or large spot size laser. During the procedure, total time taken and Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scores were noted. Read More

Respirol Case Rep 2019 Feb 10;7(2):e00396. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Respiratory Medicine Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center Kyoto Japan.

Central airway obstruction caused by cancer requires urgent interventional pulmonology. Malignant main carinal involvement is one of the most challenging situations, usually treated by rigid bronchoscopic intervention under general anaesthesia. However, these patients tend to be in poor condition due to underlying malignancy. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2019 Feb 12;128:270-278. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Human and Natural Sciences Center, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:

The aim of this study was to synthesize a novel drug delivery system using organogels (ORGs) and characterize its physicochemical properties, in vitro and ex vivo permeation abilities, cytotoxicity and in vivo local anesthetic effects. The ORG formulations contained a mixture of oleic acid-lanolin (OA-LAN), poloxamer (PL407), and the commonly used local anesthetic lidocaine (LDC). The main focus was to evaluate the impact of LAN and PL407 concentrations on the ORG structural features and their biopharmaceutical performance. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Mar 13;276(3):631-645. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Communication Disorders, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Purpose: This systematic review appraises and summaries methodology documented in studies using high resolution pharyngeal manometry (HRM) with and without impedance technology (HRIM) in adult populations.

Methods: Four electronic databases CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were searched up to, and including March 2017. Studies reporting pharyngeal HRM/HRIM for swallowing and/or phonatory assessment, published in peer-reviewed journals in English, German, or Spanish were assessed for the inclusion criteria. Read More

J Int Adv Otol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Health Sciences University, İzmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.

Objectives: Topical treatment is first choice in the treatment of uncomplicated chronic otitis media. It was intended to assess auditory and histopathological safety of ototopical use of mercurochrome solution in rats with induced tympanic membrane perforation.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 21 female Wistar-Albino rats which were randomly assigned into 3 groups. Read More