Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

JMIR Med Inform 2019 Mar 21;7(1):e13008. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Background: A well-designed, adequately documented, and properly maintained patient record is an important tool for quality assurance and care continuity. Good clinical documentation skills are supposed to be a fundamental part of dental student training.

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the completeness of electronic patient records in a student clinic. Read More

Dysphagia 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Ear, Nose & Throat, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Dysphagia is a common sequela post chemo/radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), with cricopharyngeal dysfunction often a contributing factor. This study examined the impact of balloon dilation of the cricopharyngeus and cervical oesophagus on swallow competence for dysphagic patients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction post NPC. Patients with NPC were screened for dysphagia and cricopharyngeal dysfunction using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Helical rim reconstruction is relatively difficult because of the unique anatomical structure of the ear. The aesthetic and functional characteristics of the ear make such reconstruction even more important. This article presents the newly defined chondrocutaneous hatchet flap-Z plasty (HFZP) method in helical rim defects and evaluates the results. Read More

Anesth Pain Med 2019 Feb 18;9(1):e57864. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Anesthesiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Background: Nowadays, endoscopic sinus surgery is one of the most common surgeries in the field of ear, nose, and throat. This surgery has always been followed by bleeding and can cause hemodynamic disorders due to the direct effect of the endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic changes with different doses of isoflurane during endoscopic sinus surgery. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 26;121:72-75. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA.

Objectives: Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) impairs communication and reduces academic performance and social interactions in children. Deciding between temporary, permanent, or potentially destructive surgical interventions can be challenging, as there currently exists no reliable means of predicting vocal fold recovery or assessing the presence of vocal fold atrophy. Regarding vocal fold atrophy, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been shown to be an appealing non-invasive alternative for accessing vocal fold structures. Read More

Ocul Surf 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Amniotic membrane (AM) transplantation, when performed in the acute phase in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) for patients with ocular complications, is known to reduce the morbidity of ocular complications in the chronic phase. In conditions such as SJS/TEN, AM needs to be secured to the ocular surface as well as the eyelids. Previously, techniques of securing a large sheet of AM with fibrin glue to the ocular surface and with sutures and bolsters to the eyelids have been described in the acute phase of SJS/TEN. Read More

Otol Neurotol 2019 Apr;40(4):471-477

Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

Objective: Otogenic brain abscess is a well-recognized clinical condition that describes brain abscess secondary to an ear infection or mastoiditis. Current evidence remains limited on risk factors associated with mortality as most data are from case series. We aimed to 1) report the mortality rate among patients who did and did not receive mastoidectomy 2) identify factors associated with inpatient mortality. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation. Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey.

Our study aimed to investigate the effects of different intubation devices on middle ear pressure (MEP) dynamics by evaluating MEP during stages of anesthesia.Sixty-one consecutive patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: the classical endotracheal intubation group and the Baska Mask (a new laryngeal mask [LMA]) group. All patients received the same anesthesia protocol. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(10):e14832

Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.

The nasopharyngeal airway is an important equipment in airway management, a correct placement is crucial for its effectiveness. We measured the nares-to-epiglottis distance (NED) and examined the correlations of the optimal insertion length (NED-1) with patient characteristics and various external facial measurements. We aimed to develop a simple method for estimating the optimal insertion length and to help select an appropriate nasopharyngeal airway. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019 Mar 11:1-3. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Ear, Nose and Throat Department, York Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , York , UK.

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rare neoplasm in the UK. The current gold standard for detection is endoscopic examination under anaesthesia of the nasopharynx with biopsy. Many clinicians are now advocating cross-sectional imaging as the primary investigation. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York.

Objectives: Multiple topical anesthesia techniques exist for office-based laryngeal surgery. Our objective was to assess patient and surgeon satisfaction for three different techniques.

Study Design: Cohort study. Read More

Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2019 Apr;52(2):357-361

Research for the Ear Research Foundation, Silverstein Institute, 1901 Floyd Street, Sarasota, FL 34239, USA.

Hearing rehabilitation has been recognized as a crucial tool to maintain communicative and social skills. The availability of hearing aids and auditory implants ought not be limited to the wealthy and to those who can afford them. Multidisciplinary efforts in reducing costs are necessary and include reduction of the item costs, insurance coverage, and the ability to perform certain procedures in an office setting, eliminating hospital and facilities fees and anesthesia bills. Read More

Animal 2019 Feb 27:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Université Clermont Auvergne,INRA,VetAgro Sup,UMR Herbivores,63122Saint-Genès-Champanelle,France.

Castration of male ruminants is a common livestock management practice, but induces pain. However, little is known about the effectiveness of multimodal analgesia compared to local anesthesia (LA) alone in reducing pain associated with burdizzo castration in sheep. This study aimed to monitor the pain response induced by castration in sheep and to assess the efficacy of analgesia strategies. Read More

J Clin Monit Comput 2019 Feb 25. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anaesthesia & Intensive Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Photoplethysmography performed on the peripheral extremities or the earlobes cannot always provide sufficiently rapid and accurate calculation of arterial oxygen saturation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel photoplethysmography prototype to be fixed over the sternum. Our hypotheses were that arterial oxygen saturation can be determined from an intraosseous photoplethysmography signal from the sternum and that such monitoring detects hypoxemia faster than pulse oximetry at standard sites. Read More

J Vis Exp 2019 Feb 11(144). Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University; Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University;

Intraoperative injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) can cause vocal cord paralysis, which interferes with speech and can potentially interfere with breathing. In recent years, intraoperative neural monitoring (IONM) has been widely adapted as an adjunct technique to localize the RLN, detect RLN injury, and predict vocal cord function during the operations. Many studies have also used animal models to investigate new applications of IONM technology and to develop reliable strategies for preventing intraoperative RLN injury. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2019 Feb 22;139(2):111-116. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

a Department of Otorhinolaryngology , CHU Liege , Liège , Belgium.

Background: Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is commonly encountered in clinical practice.

Aim/objective: Determine if local administration of corticosteroids to the inner ear can improve hearing and speech intelligibility after the failure of conventional treatment for SSNHL loss when administered for 10 days after the onset of the hearing loss in a large cohort of 77 patients.

Materials And Methods: A Silverstein MicroWick™ was placed under local anesthesia and endoscopic control in the round window niche, allowing self-administration of methylprednisolone twice daily for four weeks. Read More

J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Anesthesiology, Groupement Hospitalier Est.

Background: Pulse pressure variation (PPV) and plethysmographic variability index (PVI), dynamic indicators of preload dependence based on heart-lung interactions, are used to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients in the supine position. The sitting position for neurosurgery, by changing intrathoracic blood volume, could affect the capacity of PPV and PVI to predict fluid responsiveness. The aim of the study was to assess the ability of PPV and PVI to predict fluid responsiveness during general anesthesia in the sitting position. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Oxymetazoline is an α-adrenergic agonist that is commonly used as a topical hemostatic agent in the operating room during ear, nose, and throat surgery. There are limited data on oxymetazoline pharmacokinetics in children who undergo general anesthesia. We assessed the hemodynamic effects and systemic absorption of topically applied oxymetazoline in children undergoing various nasal procedures. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 5;120:73-77. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: There is increasing concern regarding the risks associated with the use of general anesthesia in pediatric patients. Many otolaryngologic procedures performed under general anesthesia can also be performed in clinic. We hypothesize that anxiolytics can aid in performing common procedures in clinic thus avoiding the need to undergo general anesthesia in the OR. Read More

Anaesthesia 2019 Apr 15;74(4):441-449. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Anaesthesia Research Group, Fisher and Paykel Healthcare Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.

Clinical observations suggest that compared with standard apnoeic oxygenation, transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange using high-flow nasal oxygenation reduces the rate of carbon dioxide accumulation in patients who are anaesthetised and apnoeic. This suggests that active gas exchange takes place, but the mechanisms by which it may occur have not been described. We used three laboratory airway models to investigate mechanisms of carbon dioxide clearance in apnoeic patients. Read More

Orv Hetil 2019 Feb;160(7):264-269

Sebészeti Klinika, Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Szeged.

Microscope-assisted direct endoscopy of the airways and the upper gastrointestinal tract in general anesthesia is an essential diagnostic and therapeutic method of otorhinolaryngology. The quality of surgical exploration is a key for the good visibility and maneuverability of microsurgical tools. Beside the most commonly used Kleinsasser laryngoscope, the distending Weerda laryngoscope is a more favorable option for the exploration of the retrocricoid region. Read More

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Queen Silvia Children Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: The Anaesthesia PRactice In Children Observational Trial (APRICOT) in 261 European hospitals revealed a 5.2% incidence of severe critical events in the perioperative period and wide variability in practice.

Methods: A sub-analysis of the Scandinavian data was undertaken to investigate differences from the rest of Europe in the incidence and nature of perioperative severe critical events and to attempt to identify areas for quality improvement. Read More

BMC Health Serv Res 2019 Feb 6;19(1):104. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Background: Little is known about operative volume, distribution of cases, or capacity of the public sector to deliver essential surgical services in Uganda.

Methods: A standardized mixed-methods surgical assessment and retrospective operative logbook review were completed at 16 randomly selected public hospitals serving 64·0% of Uganda's population.

Results: A total of 3014 operations were recorded, annualizing to a surgical volume of 36,670 cases/year or 144·5 operations/100,000people/year. Read More

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 2019 Feb 6. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asklepios Kinderklinik Sankt Augustin, German Paediatric Heart Centre, Arnold-Janssen Street 29, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany.

To the Editor, Nasotracheal intubation is a widely used technique in anaesthesia management for procedures including oropharyngeal, dental, and maxillofacial surgeries[1-3]. It provides an uninhibited access to the mouth and plays an important role when dealing with difficult airways[4-6]. It is also used in patients with cervical spine instability owing to injury[7] or in patients with a cervical spine fixation owing to a disease or previous operation[8]. Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 Mar;130(3):462-471

From the Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts (E.R.R.) the Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute and the Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (N.D.S.) the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (E.N.B) the Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, the Institute for Medical Engineering and Sciences, the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, and the Institute for Data, Systems and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts (E.N.B).

Anesthetics have profound effects on the brain and central nervous system. Vital signs, along with the electroencephalogram and electroencephalogram-based indices, are commonly used to assess the brain states of patients receiving general anesthesia and sedation. Important information about the patient's arousal state during general anesthesia can also be obtained through use of the neurologic examination. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Lyra Therapeutics, Inc, Watertown, MA.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients who fail medical management have few treatment options other than endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). A novel biodegradable mometasone furoate drug delivery system (LYR-210) providing continuous topical steroid therapy to sinonasal mucosa over 24 weeks was developed to treat unoperated CRS patients who have failed medical management prior to ESS. LYR-210 was designed to slowly expand in the middle meatus, ensuring efficient drug delivery as mucosal swelling reduces. Read More

Eur J Anaesthesiol 2019 03;36(3):185-193

From the Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary (KV), Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Est, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France (NS), Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK (MT), Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation pédiatrique, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France (FV) and Department of Anaesthesia, Pharmacology and Intensive Care, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (WH).

Background: Ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgery, the most frequently performed surgical procedure in children, is a strong predictor for peri-operative respiratory complications. However, there is no clear information about peri-operative respiratory severe critical events (SCEs) associated with anaesthesia management of ENT children in Europe.

Objective: To characterise the epidemiology and incidence of respiratory SCEs during and following ENT surgery in Europe and to identify the risk factors for their occurrence. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Jan;60(1):134-146

Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Purpose: Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, often remains undetected until irreversible vision loss has occurred. Treatments focus on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), the only modifiable and readily measurable risk factor. However, IOP can vary and does not always predict disease progression. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2019 Jan 23;110:142-147. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Mainz University Medical Center, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.

Introduction & Objectives: Percutaneous nephrostomy [1] has emerged as a pivotal approach in the therapeutic management of the obstructed urinary tract. A consecutive incorporation of ultrasonic and radiographic guidance, the approach experienced an almost ubiquitious distribution while most centers currently applying either one or both of these tools jointly. However, success of ultrasound-guidance is limited in obese patients and non-dilated uropathy. Read More

Br J Surg 2019 Jan 20;106(2):e138-e150. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

King's Centre for Global Health and Health Partnerships, School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.

Background: In 2015, six indicators were proposed to evaluate global progress towards access to safe, affordable and timely surgical and anaesthesia care. Although some have been adopted as core global health indicators, none has been evaluated systematically. The aims of this study were to assess the availability, comparability and utility of the indicators, and to present available data and updated estimates. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 20;12:CD012033. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Topeliuksenkatu 5, Helsinki, Finland, PB 266 00029.

Background: Inadequate pain management after surgery increases the risk of postoperative complications and may predispose for chronic postsurgical pain. Perioperative ketamine may enhance conventional analgesics in the acute postoperative setting.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative intravenous ketamine in adult patients when used for the treatment or prevention of acute pain following general anaesthesia. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 14;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 14.

ENT Department, Ain Al-Khaleej Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.

We describe a case of a 15-year-old girl who presented to our clinic with long-standing right-sided rhinorrhoea which was occasionally foul-smelling and blood-stained with no other symptom of note. She had been treated many times with antibiotics. On examination, a rhinolith was discovered impacted posteriorly in right nasal cavity with mucopurulent discharge. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2018 Dec 19:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

ENT Department,Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust,UK.

Background: Surgery for chronic suppurative otitis media performed in low- and middle-income countries creates specific challenges. This paper describes the equipment and a variety of techniques that we find best suited to these conditions. These have been used over many years in remote areas of Nepal. Read More

Front Syst Neurosci 2018 3;12:59. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States.

Tinnitus and hyperacusis are life-disrupting perceptual abnormalities that are often preceded by acoustic overexposure. Animal models of overexposure have suggested a link between these phenomena and neural hyperactivity, i.e. Read More

Medicines (Basel) 2018 Dec 12;5(4). Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Biochemist, Gerberweg 7, 24211 Preetz, Germany.

This editorial describes a new hypothesis concerning the nature and possible mechanisms of the Nogier reflex or reflex auriculo-cardiac (RAC; also vascular autonomic signal VAS). A multimodal concept for future RAC research is proposed. Read More

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2018 Jul-Sep;11(3):150-152

AboutSkin Dermatology and DermSurgery, Denver, Colorado, USA.

Background And Objective: Reconstructing the contours of the auricle is a unique challenge. Various bolster techniques have been tried to help prevent complications such as hematoma, seroma, and morbidity. Here, we describe a simple technique using a button to maintain the natural ear contour when it is at risk of a poor aesthetic outcome. Read More

Local Reg Anesth 2018 15;11:91-109. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Anesthesiology, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,

Regional anesthesia is becoming increasingly popular among anesthesiologists in the management of postoperative analgesia following pediatric surgery. The main objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the last 5 years of randomized controlled trials on the role of regional anesthesia techniques in alleviating postoperative pain associated with various pediatric surgical procedures. Forty studies on 2,408 pediatric patients were evaluated. Read More

CMAJ 2018 Dec;190(49):E1434-E1440

Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.

Background: Indigenous youth have higher rates of chronic health conditions interfering with healthy development, including high rates of ear, dental, chest and musculoskeletal pain, as well as headache, arthritis and mental health issues. This study explores differences in pain-related diagnoses in First Nations and non-First Nations children.

Methods: Data from a study population of age- and sex-matched First Nations and non-First Nations children and youth were accessed from a specific region of Atlantic Canada. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 2;12:CD011215. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Beom-eu, Meulgeum, Yangsan, Korea, South, 626-870.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a compressive neuropathic disorder at the level of the wrist. Acupuncture and other methods that stimulate acupuncture points, such as electroacupuncture, auricular acupuncture, laser acupuncture, moxibustion, and acupressure, are used in treating CTS. Acupuncture has been recommended as a potentially useful treatment for CTS, but its effectiveness remains uncertain. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2019 Mar 14;13:32-33. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To describe a child with primary congenital glaucoma found to have pigment tissue proliferation in the angle following multiple applications of trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation.

Observations: During examination under anaesthesia, a 4-year-old girl was found to have pigmented tissue overlying the trabecular meshwork. Anterior segment ocular coherence tomography confirmed mounds of abnormal tissue in the angle. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 12;142(6):1468-1475

New York, N.Y.; Boston, Mass.; and Dallas, Texas From the Manhattan Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital; Harvard Plastic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital; and the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.

Background: The gluteal lift ("Brazilian butt lift") has improved significantly in technique and in outcomes. Some postulate that fat embolism occurs because of damage to veins superficial to the gluteus muscles and that fat must be injected intramuscularly to achieve satisfactory aesthetic results. The purpose of this article is to present data where gluteal lift is performed under local anesthesia, address safety concerns, and clarify these speculations. Read More

Can J Anaesth 2019 Feb 27;66(2):218-229. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Program in Global Surgery, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

In the Sustainable Development Goals era, there is a new awareness of the need for an integrated approach to healthcare interventions and a strong commitment to Universal Health Coverage. To achieve the goal of strengthening entire health systems, surgery, as a crosscutting treatment modality, is indispensable. For any health system strengthening exercise, baseline data and longitudinal monitoring of progress are necessary. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Nov;59(13):5599-5614

Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Purpose: Sjögren syndrome is an autoimmune disease that occurs primarily in women, and is associated with lacrimal gland inflammation and aqueous-deficient dry eye. We hypothesize that sex-associated differences in lacrimal gland gene expression are very important in promoting lymphocyte accumulation in this tissue and contribute to the onset, progression, and/or severity of the inflammatory disease process. To test our hypothesis, we explored the nature and extent of sex-related differences in gene expression in autoimmune lacrimal glands. Read More

Lung 2019 Feb 24;197(1):67-72. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Pulmonary Division, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Purpose: There is clinical significance to a delay in response time for detecting desaturation by pulse oximetry. Our aim in this study was to compare the response time of the reflectance and transmittance saturation probes during fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) under monitored anesthesia care.

Methods: A prospective study included 104 patients scheduled for FOB. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2019 Feb 2;29(2):180-185. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Department of Anaesthesia, Plymouth Hospitals NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK.

Background: Total intravenous anesthesia usage in children remains relatively unpopular in the UK and Ireland. A postal survey by Hill et al in 2008 indicated that only 26% of Consultants used a propofol infusion at least once a month.

Aims: Following an increase in teaching and training opportunities in pediatric total intravenous anesthesia in the UK, we repeated the survey among Consultant members of Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland and Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia, to see if this had affected total intravenous anesthesia usage in children and how practice may have changed. Read More

J Neurosci Methods 2019 Jan 20;312:65-72. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Small-animal MRI is an important investigative tool for basic and preclinical research. High-resolution anatomical and functional studies of the brain require artifact-free images that are acquired with a highly sensitive radiofrequency (RF) coil.

New Method: The animal holder plays an important role in mitigating image artifacts: motion artifacts are reduced by immobilizing the animal and geometric-distortion artifacts are reduced by accurately positioning the animal to improve static-field shimming. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019 Mar 19;9(3):248-254. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Anesthesiology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: For sinus surgery, some centers favor total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) over inhalation anesthesia. However, whether TIVA affects the patient's perceived quality of recovery remains unclear. This study used the Quality of Recovery-40 questionnaire (QoR-40) to compare patient recovery between surgical patients who received TIVA and those who received desflurane (DES) anesthesia. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2018 12 19;28(12):1129-1135. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Anaesthesia, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.

Background: A tracheocutaneous fistula is a known complication following tracheostomy decannulation. Although surgical techniques for its repair are well described, there is no consensus about perioperative management and this procedure may generate significant airway and respiratory complications intraoperatively, and in the early postoperative period. We aimed to describe variations in perioperative management in tracheocutaneous fistula closure, estimate the incidence of early airway and respiratory complications, and identify any predisposing factors. Read More

J Anesth 2019 Feb 12;33(1):33-39. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Purpose: Facemask ventilation during the induction of general anesthesia in paediatric patients remains a challenge as it may result in hypoxic conditions and gastric insufflation with subsequent regurgitation and aspiration. So far, it is unclear if pressure-controlled or manual facemask ventilation is preferable in children. We hypothesized that pressure-controlled ventilation in apnoeic children results in lower peak airway pressure and flow rates compared to manual ventilation at comparable respiratory rates and tidal volumes. Read More

Agri 2018 Oct;30(4):171-178

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksekİhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound guided superficial cervical plexus (SCP) block versus greater auricular nerve (GAN) block for on postoperative tympanomastoid surgery analgesia.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, single-blind study, a total of 50 patients aged between 25 and 70 years, those who were in the American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II class and underwent tympanomastoid surgery were included in the study. Patients were randomized to either Group Y: intravenous patient-controlled analgesia tramadol (IV PCA) + SCP block; n=25 and Group G: IV PCA + GAN block; n=25. Read More