Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

J Endocr Soc 2019 Apr 5;3(4):784-790. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. ACC was reported in 3.2% patients with Lynch syndrome (LS), however no particular case-detection strategies have been recommended. Read More

Endocr Connect 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

S Antonini, Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.

Objective: To investigate the impact of early exposure to androgen excess on gonadotropin-dependent puberty (GDP) and final height (FH) of patients with androgen-secreting adrenocortical tumors (ACT) in childhood.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Occurrence of GDP and achievement of FH were evaluated. Read More

Life Sci 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.

Aims: To evaluate the role of metallothionein (MT) in sex differences of obesity, we examined the effect of MT on regulation of lipid accumulation in female and male wild type (WT) and MT1/MT2-null (MT-KO) mice.

Main Methods: Male and female WT and MT-KO mice fed standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 35 weeks. Surgical castration in male mice was also performed to examine the effects of androgen on fat accumulation under HFD condition. Read More

Endocrinology 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Ovarian theca androgen production is regulated by the pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) and intra-follicular factors. Enhanced androgen biosynthesis by theca cells contributes to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women, but the ovarian consequences of elevated androgens are not completely understood. Our study documents the molecular events that are altered in the theca and stromal cells of mice exposed to high androgen levels, using the non-aromatizable androgen DHT. Read More

J Ovarian Res 2019 Apr 4;12(1):31. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Present Address: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sapporo Medical University, South 1 West 16, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8543, Japan.

Hyperandrogenism is one of the cardinal symptoms in polycystic ovary syndrome and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the precise effects and mechanisms of excess androgen during follicular development are still unclear. Here we investigated the effects of androgen on mouse follicle development in vitro. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 03 28;3:CD007506. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 43-51 Kanooka Grove, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, 3168.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8% to 13% of reproductive-aged women and is associated with reproductive and metabolic dysfunction. Obesity worsens the presentation of PCOS and weight management (weight loss, maintenance or prevention of excess weight gain) is proposed as an initial treatment strategy, best achieved through lifestyle changes incorporating diet, exercise and behavioural interventions.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of lifestyle treatment in improving reproductive, anthropometric (weight and body composition), metabolic and quality of life factors in PCOS. Read More

Endocrinology 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York.

Androgens, while traditionally though to be male sex steroids, play important roles in female reproduction, both in healthy and pathological states. This minireview focuses on recent advances in our knowledge of the role of androgens in the ovary. Androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in oocytes, granulosa cells and theca cells, and is temporally regulated during follicular development. Read More

Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Paraguay 2155, CP1121, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

This study aimed to evaluate the role of prenatal hyperandrogenization in liver functions and the extent of metformin as treatment. Pregnant rats were hyperandrogenized with subcutaneous testosterone (1mg/rat) between 16 and 19 of pregnancy. Prenatally hyperandrogenized (PH) female offspring displayed, at the adult life, two phenotypes; a PH irregular ovulatory phenotype (PHiov) and a PH anovulatory (PHanov) phenotype. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2019 Mar 12;19(1):57. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.

Background: A majority of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have metabolic dysfunction that results in an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. We previously developed a pubertal mouse model using the aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, which recapitulates many of the reproductive and metabolic features of PCOS. To further our understanding of the effects of androgen excess, we compared the effects of letrozole treatment initiated in puberty versus adulthood on reproductive and metabolic phenotypes as well as on the gut microbiome. Read More

J Physiol 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

John B. Pierce Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Key Points: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex syndrome with cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity and insulin resistance. PCOS is also associated with high androgens, increases the risk of cardiovascular dysfunction in women. Due to the complexity of PCOS, had it has been challenging to isolate specific causes of the cardiovascular dysfunction. Read More

BMJ 2019 03 6;364:l476. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Objective: To determine whether endogenous testosterone has a causal role in thromboembolism, heart failure, and myocardial infarction.

Design: Two sample mendelian randomisation study using genetic variants as instrumental variables, randomly allocated at conception, to infer causality as additional randomised evidence.

Setting: Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events (REDUCE) randomised controlled trial, UK Biobank, and CARDIoGRAMplusC4D 1000 Genomes based genome wide association study. Read More

Reprod Sci 2019 Mar 4:1933719119833487. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

6 Fertility Center of CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea.

Purpose:: Subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mainly originates from oligoovulation/anovulation. Although insulin resistance and androgen excess are known to cause PCOS-associated implantation failure, the consequences of PCOS on endometrial homeostasis and pathophysiology have not been comprehensively understood. In this study, we examined whether the pathophysiologic milieu of PCOS intrinsically affects expression profiles of genes related to insulin signaling and facilitative glucose transporters (GLUTs) in the human endometrium and/or during in vitro decidualization. Read More

J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Former, Scientist G & Director-in-Charge NIOH (ICMR), Ahmedabad, India

PCOS is a multifaceted disease in women with infertility that have diverse etiological factors. Some women may have only a few PCOS linked symptoms or mild symptoms while some of the women will have severe or all PCOS linked symptoms. Therefore, the PCOS symptoms can differ among the woman. Read More

Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019 May 25;100:180-207. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with physiologic, cognitive, and brain abnormalities similar to those found in people at risk for developing Alzheimer's Disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD), which are associated with high brain β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (tau-P) protein levels. Supraphysiologic-dose AAS induces androgen abnormalities and excess oxidative stress, which have been linked to increased and decreased expression or activity of proteins that synthesize and eliminate, respectively, Aβ and tau-P. Aβ and tau-P accumulation may begin soon after initiating supraphysiologic-dose AAS use, which typically occurs in the early 20s, and their accumulation may be accelerated by other psychoactive substance use, which is common among non-medical AAS users. Read More

J Endocrinol 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

R Khan, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine , University of Nottingham School of Medicine, Derby, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The purpose of this study was to investigate androgen production and the role of insulin and LH in its regulation in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Protein and mRNA expression of androgen synthesis enzymes (Cytochrome P450 17A1 [CYP17A1] and Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 [AKR1C3]) were measured in SAT biopsies from women with PCOS, diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria (n=15) and healthy controls (n=15). Cultured mature adipocytes (differentiated from SAT biopsies) were treated with insulin ± phosphoinositol-3-kinase inhibitor (LY294002) or LH ± insulin. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019 7;10:54. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Normal aging results in subtle changes both in ACTH and cortisol secretion. Most notable is the general increase in mean daily serum cortisol levels in the elderly, without a noteworthy alteration in the normal circadian rhythm pattern. Glucocorticoid excess seen in the elderly population can have serious consequences in both the structural and functional integrity of various key areas in the brain, including the hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, with consequent impairment in normal memory, cognitive function, and sleep cycles. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Dermatology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Objective: To determine the current state of knowledge and provide evidence-based recommendations that could be valid for all specialists taking care of female pattern hair loss (FPHL), a common form of hair loss in women that is characterized by the reduction of hair density in the central area of the scalp, while the frontal hairline is generally well conserved.

Participants: An expert task force appointed by Androgen Excess and PPCOS society, which included specialists from dermatology, endocrinology, and reproductive endocrinology.

Evidence: Levels of evidence were assessed and graded from A to D. Read More

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team, Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Ilorin, 240003, Nigeria.

Elevated testosterone during late pregnancy has been linked to cardiac dysfunction and poor pregnancy outcomes. The role of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in testosterone-induced cardiac dysfunction has not been fully elucidated. The study was therefore designed to investigate the role of MR on gestational excess androgen-induced cardiac disrupted glutathione-dependent antioxidant system and elevated endoglin (Eng) linking it with pregnancy outcomes. Read More

Scand J Urol 2019 Feb 19:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

a Department of Urology , Odense University Hospital , Odense , Denmark.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of osteoporosis during androgen deprivation therapy (A.D.T. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019 03 15;14(2):131-143. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis comprises combinations of female hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries. While it is a familial and highly prevalent endocrine disorder, progress towards a cure is hindered by absence of a definitive pathogenic mechanism and lack of an animal model of naturally occurring PCOS.

Areas Covered: These include an overview of PCOS and its potential etiology, and an examination of insights gained into its pathogenic origins. Read More

JCI Insight 2019 Mar 21;4(6). Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of unknown etiology, characterized by elevated intracranial pressure frequently manifesting with chronic headaches and visual loss. Similar to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), IIH predominantly affects obese women of reproductive age. In this study, we comprehensively examined the systemic and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) androgen metabolome in women with IIH in comparison with sex-, BMI-, and age-matched control groups with either simple obesity or PCOS (i. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, South Korea.

Analyses using the largest Korean cohort of adrenal incidentaloma (AI) revealed that subtle cortisol excess in premenopausal women and reduced dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) in postmenopausal women and men are associated with bone mineral density (BMD) reduction in Asian patients with subclinical hypercortisolism (SH).

Introduction: Few studies evaluated bone metabolism in Asians with SH. We investigated associations of cortisol and DHEA-S, an adrenal androgen, with BMD in Asians with AI, with or without SH. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK. Electronic address:

Objective: This study compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and characterized type 2 diabetes (DM2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profiles between Canadian women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and healthy women recruited from the general population. Furthermore, within the PCOS cohort, the study contrasted the CVD and DM2 risk profiles of women with or without MetS.

Methods: Measures of MetS (International Diabetes Federation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and the American Heart Association definition), DM2 (Diabetes Canada Clinical Guidelines), and CVD risk factors (Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society statement) were evaluated for 237 women with PCOS (Androgen Excess and PCOS Society definitions) and 42 controls (aged 18-36) in a prospective observational study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Nationwide Children's Hospital, Division of Adolescent Medicine, 700 Children's Drive, Suite LA3A, Columbus, Ohio, USA 43205.

Study Objective: Existing literature on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MBS) in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is inconsistent, likely due to the application of differing diagnostic criteria. The objective was to assess the prevalence of MBS in adolescents with PCOS depending on the PCOS diagnostic criteria utilized.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A retrospective chart review of female patients (N=37), ages 11-22 years, diagnosed with PCOS between 01/2013-12/2017. Read More

Metabolism 2019 Apr 30;93:86-92. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Diabetes, Obesity and Human Reproduction Research Group, Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal & Universidad de Alcalá & Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS) & Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, 28034, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: The risk of developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (dysglycemia) may be increased in women with PCOS. Whether an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) should be performed routinely in all PCOS women at presentation or should be recommended only to a selected subset of patients is still controversial.

Basic Procedures: At a tertiary care center, we conducted a retrospective, observational study including 400 women with PCOS submitted to an OGTT. Read More

Life Sci 2019 Mar 29;220:44-49. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, United States of America; Women's Health Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, United States of America. Electronic address:

The immune etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an intriguing area. However, whether there is alteration in the leukocyte populations in different tissues remain ambiguous.

Aim: To characterize the leukocyte populations of hyperandrogenemic female (HAF) rat tissues. Read More

Interdiscip Sci 2019 Mar 1;11(1):45-56. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

ESEI-Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática, Universidad de Vigo, Edificio Politécnico, Campus Universitario As Lagoas s/n, 32004, Ourense, Spain.

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) data is essential to elucidate the complex molecular relationships in living systems, and thus understand the biological functions at cellular and systems levels. The complete map of PPIs that can occur in a living organism is called the interactome. For animals, PPI data is stored in multiple databases (e. Read More

J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Department of BioMedical Research, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Androgens are steroid hormones essential for human male and female development. Steroid reductases 5α (SRD5As) are key enzymes in androgen biosynthesis. Mutations in the human SRD5A2 are known to cause loss-of-function and severe 46,XY undervirilization. Read More

Int J Obes (Lond) 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.

Background/objectives: Maternal obesity together with androgen excess in mice negatively affects placental function and maternal and fetal liver function as demonstrated by increased triglyceride content with dysfunctional expression of enzymes and transcription factors involved in de novo lipogenesis and fat storage. To identify changes in molecular pathways that might promote diseases in adulthood, we performed a global proteomic analysis using a liquid-chromatography/mass-spectrometry system to investigate total and phosphorylated proteins in the placenta and fetal liver in a mouse model that combines maternal obesity with maternal androgen excess.

Methods: After ten weeks on a control diet (CD) or high fat/high sugar-diet, dams were mated with males fed the CD. Read More

Endocrinology 2019 Mar;160(3):699-715

Fertility & Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of female infertility. Hyperandrogenism is both a major symptom and key diagnostic trait of PCOS; however, the direct impact of this androgen excess on ovarian dynamics is unclear. By combining a DHT-induced PCOS mouse model with an ex vivo follicle culture system, we investigated the impact of hyperandrogenism on ovarian function. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2019 Jan 16;35(1):1-3. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical College of Georgia , Augusta University , Augusta , GA , USA.

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and important complex endocrine metabolic disorder affecting women mainly in the reproductive age. The prevalence of the disorder varies depending on the epidemiologic design and criterion used to study the disease. This variation in methodology and subsequent effect on epidemiologic estimate makes it difficult to compare prevalences and phenotypes across geographical areas and assess the effect of cultural and racial variations on PCOS phenotypes. Read More

J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019 Mar 11;128:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Reproductive Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030，China. Electronic address:

High circulating androgen in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in offspring. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether maternal androgen excess in the rat PCOS model would lead to cardiac hypertrophy in offspring. Maternal testosterone propionate (maternal-TP)-treated adult female offspring displayed cardiac hypertrophy associated with local high cardiac dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Read More

Mol Reprod Dev 2019 Apr 22;86(4):370-378. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy and an important metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age. Insulin resistance (IR) is one of its most important clinical features in patients with PCOS. Androgen excess-induced mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to skeletal muscle IR in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mice. Read More

Pediatr Res 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Background: Low birth weight in term-born individuals correlates with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes; excess glucocorticoid exposure has been linked to these relationships. We hypothesized that cortisol and adrenal androgens would correlate inversely with birthweight and directly with markers of cardiometabolic risk in school-aged children born extremely preterm; further, preterm-born would have increased cortisol and adrenal androgens compared to term-born children.

Methods: Saliva samples were obtained at age 6 from 219 preterm-born children followed since birth and 40 term-born children and analyzed for dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and cortisol. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2019 Jan 9:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

b 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.

Vitamin D (vitD) insufficiency affects 1 billion people worldwide. Androgen excess (AE) occurs in 8% of fertile females. There are few data about the combined effect of vitD deficiency and AE on the early biomechanical changes of cerebral arterioles in fertile-aged female. Read More

Mol Med 2019 01 7;25(1). Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People's Republic of China.

Background: Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is primarily responsible for glucose regulation in normal conditions. Here, we sought to investigate the glucose metabolism characteristics of SUR1 rats.

Methods: The TALEN technique was used to construct a SUR1 gene deficiency rat model. Read More

J Endocrinol 2019 Jan 1. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

F Mauvais-Jarvis, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tulane University, New Orleans, United States.

One of the most sexually dimorphic aspects of metabolic regulation is the bidirectional modulation of glucose homeostasis by testosterone in male and females. Severe testosterone deficiency predisposes men to type 2 diabetes (T2D), while in contrast, androgen excess predisposes women to hyperglycemia. The role of androgen deficiency and excess in promoting visceral obesity and insulin resistance in men and women respectively is well established. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2018 Nov 1;11(11):25-35. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Dr. Alexis is with Mount Sinai St. Luke's in New York, New York.

Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent and multifactorial skin disorder that can adversely impact health-related quality of life. Factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of acne include pilosebaceous proliferation of proinflammatory () bacteria, presence of circulating androgens, excess sebum production, abnormal follicular keratinization, and multiple inflammatory cascades. Oral tetracyclines-especially doxycycline and minocycline-are frequently prescribed for the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne, given their anti-inflammatory properties and their effect on reduction. Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019 Mar 21;220(3):257.e1-257.e7. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.

Background: As part of transition, transmasculine persons often use testosterone gender-affirming hormone therapy; however, there is limited data on its long-term effects. The impact of exogenous testosterone on uterine pathology remains unclear. While testosterone achieves amenorrhea in the majority of this population, persistence of abnormal uterine bleeding can be difficult to manage. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2019 Mar;180(3):213-221

Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham.

Objective Androgen excess in childhood is a common presentation and may signify sinister underlying pathology. Data describing its patterns and severity are scarce, limiting the information available for clinical decision processes. Here, we examined the differential diagnostic value of serum DHEAS, androstenedione (A4) and testosterone in childhood androgen excess. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

H Falhammar, Depatment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) is a relatively common disorder regardless of ethnicity, but most cases are never diagnosed, especially in males. A baseline 17-hydroxyprogesterone measurement may be used for screening, but 17-hydroxyprogesterone measurement after ACTH-stimulation is the gold standard. We advocate a CYP21A2 mutation analysis to verify the diagnosis, for genetic counselling and for better prognostic and treatment guidance. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2018 Dec 15;2(12):1363-1380. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder of unclear etiology in women and is characterized by androgen excess, insulin resistance, and mood disorders. The gut microbiome is known to influence conditions closely related with PCOS, and several recent studies have observed changes in the stool microbiome of women with PCOS. The mechanism by which the gut microbiome interacts with PCOS is still unknown. Read More

Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 29;30(1):54-65. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; http://repro.ucsd.edu/thackray. Electronic address:

Recent studies have shown that sex and sex steroids influence the composition of the gut microbiome. These studies also indicate that steroid regulation of the gut microbiome may play a role in pathological situations of hormonal excess, such as PCOS. Indeed, studies demonstrated that PCOS is associated with decreased alpha diversity and changes in specific Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, previously associated with metabolic dysregulation. Read More

Microvasc Res 2019 03 28;122:78-84. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.

Vitamin D (VitD) hypovitaminosis and androgen excess (AE) are both risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in fertile women. However, the possible early interaction between AE and VitD status is not clear. Our goal was to describe how VitD status influences early changes in the biomechanical reactivity of small coronary arterioles in adult female rats after transdermal testosterone treatment. Read More

Pharmacol Rep 2019 Feb 22;71(1):96-104. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Laboratorio de Fisio-patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Electronic address:

Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) is a nuclear factor that may act on the early development of ovarian follicles and on follicular steroidogenesis. However, the exact mechanism of PPARG action remains unknown. We have previously found that androgen excess alters early ovarian function and the PPARG system. Read More

Singapore Med J 2018 Nov;59(11):567-571

Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents with a spectrum of conditions resulting from androgen excess, anovulation and metabolic syndrome. Patients with PCOS may see their primary care physicians for various presentations, including hirsutism, acne, menstrual irregularities, infertility, obesity, and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. Management of these patients should include screening for Type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Read More

Eur Urol 2019 04 26;75(4):676-683. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK; Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Some studies suggest that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists are associated with higher risk of adverse events than antiandrogens (AAs) monotherapy. However, it has been unclear whether this is due to indication bias.

Objective: To investigate rates of change in comorbidity for men on GnRH agonists versus AA monotherapy in a population-based register study. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 22;2018. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Endocrinology, South Tipperary General Hospital, Clonmel, Ireland.

Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is a relatively rare diagnosis resulting from excess androgen production from the adrenals or ovaries. The exclusion of malignant causes is a priority. Laboratory tests and imaging are utilised to help differentiate the source of excess androgens. Read More

Acta Clin Belg 2018 Nov 26:1-6. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

a Department of Urology , Ghent University Hospital , Ghent , Belgium.

Objectives:  Disease progression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is dependent on androgen signaling. This case describes the complex adaptive androgen signaling mechanisms in mCRPC and illustrates that caution should be exercised when treating these patients with drugs influencing the androgen axis.

Methods:  Single case report and review of the literature. Read More