Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Eval Program Plann 2018 Dec 6;73:80-87. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

The Johns Hopkins Center for Child & Community Health, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Suite 4200, Mason F. Lord Building, Center Tower, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States.

Purpose: Explore factors affecting implementation of evidence based adolescent sexual/reproductive health programs, from the perspectives of program implementers.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 18 program implementers delivering six sexual/reproductive health programs in New Jersey. Programs were delivered among 2698 primarily African American and Hispanic adolescents in school and community-based settings. Read More

Acta Trop 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Correa da Costa, n. 2367, CCBS-I, sala 82, CEP 78060-900, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Electronic address:

Arboviruses have become a major public health concern in Brazil, especially after Zika virus (ZIKV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) introduction, leading to massive epidemics. We conducted an investigation of arboviruses in patients with acute febrile illness for less than five days in Mato Grosso state (MT) during the period of ZIKV and CHIKV dissemination in Brazil. To achieve that, 453 human serum samples of patients suspected of Dengue (DENV), Yellow Fever (YFV), ZIKV or CHIKV collected in health units of 31 cities of MT were subjected to RT-PCR protocols for 10 flaviviruses, 5 alphaviruses and orthobunyaviruses from Simbu serogroup, nucleotide sequencing and viral isolation. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA.

Choledochal cysts (CDCs) and biliary atresia (BA) are rare pediatric hepatobiliary anomalies that require surgical intervention due to increased risk of malignancy and liver failure, respectively. The underlying disease and operative procedures place patients at risk for long-term complications, which may continue to affect them into adulthood. Lack of a transitional care model in the health care system potentiates the challenges they will face following aging out of their pediatric providers' care. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Cancer Med 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

Background: Prognosis among patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is widely variable. Better understanding of biologic subtypes is necessary to stratify patients and improve outcomes.

Methods: In patients diagnosed with classic histology papillary thyroid cancer treated from 1973 to 2009, BRAF V600E mutation status was determined on surgical tumor specimens by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Read More

Neuroinformatics 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, P.O.Box: 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.

The anatomical structure of the thalamus renders its segmentation on 3DT1 images harder due to its low tissue contrast, and not well-defined boundaries. We aimed to investigate the differences in the precision of publicly available segmentation techniques on 3DT1 images acquired at 1.5 T and 3 T machines compared to the thalamic manual segmentation in a pediatric population. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Dec 14;8(12):e024086. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the risk factors associated with postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Data Sources: PubMed-MEDLINE, MEDLINE in-process, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed and Clinicaltrials. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA. Electronic address:

Background: The purpose of this study was to introduce the procedure value index (PVI) and apply this value instrument to shoulder arthroplasty. The PVI uses the value equation in units of minimal clinically important difference (MCID) to provide an objective system of quantifying value-driven care. Secondarily, we describe the PVI for both primary anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) to highlight value differences between these patient populations. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) assessment includes computerized adaptive tests (CATs) that assess function, pain, depression, and anxiety. The influence of mental health on patients' self-reported pain and function has not been explored using PROMIS in patients with symptomatic glenohumeral osteoarthritis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 284 shoulders in 276 patients presenting with isolated glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Read More

J Vasc Surg 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Vascular Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Mich. Electronic address:

Objective: The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and outcome after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair is largely unknown. This study aimed to determine the influence of SES on postoperative survival after AAA repair.

Methods: Patients undergoing surgical treatment of AAA at a tertiary referral center between January 1993 and July 2013 were retrospectively collected. Read More

J Surg Educ 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Comprehensive Aortic Center, Cardiovascular Thoracic Institute, Keck Medical Center of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address:

Purpose: System-based practice with an emphasis on quality improvement (QI) is a recent initiative for the American College of Surgeons and a core-competency for surgical trainees. Few surgical training programs have a curriculum for hospital-based QI.

Methods: Our vascular surgery service implemented several QI initiatives focused on decreasing length of stay (LOS) by targeting resident education and engagement. Read More

Cancer Radiother 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Campus Sciences, centre de recherche en automatique de Nancy (Cran), BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; Campus Sciences, université de Lorraine, UMR 7039, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France; CNRS, UMR7039, Campus Sciences, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France.

For more than a decade, the majority of radiation oncology centres have been delivering intensity-modulated radiotherapy (then volumetric-modulated arctherapy) with 6 MV photons as their standard of care. This « dogma » had been supported by the usual absence of dosimetric advantages with high-energy photons (15 to 18 MV or more), at least for the planning target volume and the dose received by the adjacent organs at risk, and by the neutron component as soon as the photon energy exceeds 10 MV. Recent data could question such a dogma. Read More

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018 Nov 22;126(5):409-414. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

Professor and Head, Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine; Co-chair, Head & Neck Cancer/Oral Oncology Program, Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, UConn Health Farmington, CT, USA.

There have been strategic clinical, educational, and research advances in the field of Oral Medicine over the past several decades. In many cases, Oral Medicine experts are contributing the lead role in these advances nationally and internationally. In addition, American Board of Dental Specialty recognition of Oral Medicine as a specialty in 2015 has positioned Oral Medicine professionals to substantively enhance the delivery of oral health care to medically complex patients as well. Read More

Cir Esp 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Servicio de Cirugía General y Digestiva, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, España.

Introduction: We performed a study of the top 100 most cited articles in the five general surgery journals with the highest impact according to Journal Citation Report.

Methods: We selected the five journals with the highest impact in 2015: Annals of Surgery, British Journal of Surgery, JAMA Surgery, Surgery, and Journal of the American College of Surgeons. In January 2017, using the Web of Science application, we performed a search of all articles published by these journals and identified the 100 most cited articles (top 100). Read More

Genes (Basel) 2018 Dec 13;9(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

The accurate repair of DNA is critical for genome stability and cancer prevention. DNA double-strand breaks are one of the most toxic lesions; however, they can be repaired using homologous recombination. Homologous recombination is a high-fidelity DNA repair pathway that uses a homologous template for repair. Read More

Nihon Rinsho 2016 Dec;74(12):2030-2035

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that invaded New York City in 1999 and quickly spread and settled in all 48 contiguous United States and all 10 Canadian provin- ces. WNV is still expanding its territory and is now headed towards Latin American coun- tries. Neuroinvasive disease caused by WNV develops in less than 1% of the affected popula- tion, but its mortality rate is approximately 10%. Read More

Nephrol Nurs J 2016 Sep-Oct;43(5):379-400

Assistant Professor, Bloomsburg University, Bloomsburg, PA.

Research investigating patient handoff processes has inundated the safety literature, but not in nephrology nurse practice settings. Effective patient handoffs are essential for maintaining patient safety by avoiding errors related to poor information exchange. This mixed methods research study investigated the process of patient handoff across nephrology practice settings and the implications for patient safety and nursing practice. Read More

Nephrol Nurs J 2016 Jul-Aug;43(4):339-342

Assistant Professor of Nursing, Villanova University, Villanova, PA.

Communication and patient handoffs during transitions in care have been increasingly investigated due to their relationships with patient safety, quality of care, and efficiency. Handoffs occur at two points in the delivery of nursing care: nurse transitions in care and patient transitions in care. This article explores the accepted definitions, best practices, and evidence related to patient handoffs and patient safety. Read More

Nephrol Nurs J 2016 Jul-Aug;43(4):311-315

Visiting Faculty at University of Rwanda and ICU Clinical Educator at Rwanda Military Hospital, Human Resources for Health Program in partnership with the New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing.

The Human Resources for Health Program was launched in Rwanda in 2012 as a sevenyear initiative to improve healthcare services and decrease overall dependence on foreign aid. In partnership between U.S. Read More

Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi 2016 Sep;62(3):273-284

The health and welfare of the Japanese people were of a lower standard compared to other developed countries at the end of the World War II in 1945. Crawford F. Sams, Chief, the Public Health and Welfare Section of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers thought that medical care in a wartom country could be improved not by building new hospitals and providing more medical equipment, but through professional education and training. Read More

Nat Prod Commun 2016 Oct;11(10):1527-1530

The composition of the volatile fraction of Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana (L.) Boiss. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Internal Medicine, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.

Objective:  Allostatic load (AL) represents multisystem physiological "wear-and-tear" reflecting emerging chronic disease risk. We assessed AL during the first year postpartum in a diverse community sample with known health disparities.

Methods:  The Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Community Child Health Network enrolled 2,448 predominantly low-income African-American, Latina, and White women immediately after delivery of liveborn infants at ≥20 weeks' gestation, following them over time with interviews, clinical measures, and biomarkers. Read More

Sleep 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany.

Study Objectives: Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are frequent motor phenomena; however, population-based data are scarce. We assessed the prevalence of PLMS and factors associated with PLMS within two German population-based cohorts, the SHIP-TREND and BiDirect.

Methods: Single-night polysomnography was performed on 1107 subjects recruited from the general population (mean age: 52. Read More

J Hist Med Allied Sci 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of History, University of Rochester.

Gerald Grob's work in the history of psychiatry over the course of almost fifty years created a model for how historians might successfully situate mental health in its social and political context, and how inseparable it was from this context. Over the last twenty years, the field has grown tremendously. Historians have incorporated categories of analysis like gender and race, methodologies like cultural history and intellectual history, and sought to continue Grob's quest to understand American mental health history as a critical component of American history writ large. Read More

Virology 2018 Dec 11;528:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA. Electronic address:

Horizontal transmission of virulence attenuating hypoviruses of Cryphonectria parasitica is restricted by an allorecognition system termed vegetative incompatibility (vic). A super donor formulation of two engineered C. parasitica strains (SD328/SD82) with gene disruptions at four of six vic loci transmitted hypovirus to strains in the laboratory independent of vic genotype. Read More

Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Laboratorio de Biología Acuática, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio "R" planta baja, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán, 58030, México; Laboratorio Nacional de Análisis y Síntesis Ecológica para la Conservación de Recursos Genéticos de México, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 27-3 (Xangari), 58089, Morelia, Michoacán, México.

We examined the role of geographic barriers and historical processes on the diversification of Apogon species within the tropical eastern Pacific (TEP). Mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences were used in Bayesian and Maximum likelihood analyses to generate a phylogenetic hypothesis for Apogon species. Bayesian inferences were used to date the cladogenetic events. Read More

Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ-61137, Brno, Czechia. Electronic address:

Naive use of molecular data may lead to ambiguous conclusions, especially within the context of "cryptic" species. Here, we integrated molecular and morphometric data to evaluate phylogenetic relationships in the widespread terrestrial micro-snail genus, Euconulus. We analyzed mitochondrial (16S + COII) and nuclear (ITS1 + ITS2) sequence across 94 populations from Europe, Asia and North America within the nominate species E. Read More

PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0209292. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

División de Laboratorios de Vigilancia e Investigación Epidemiológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.

The epidemic potential of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was recently made evident by its introduction and rapid expansion in the Caribbean and the Americas. We sought to gain a detailed understanding of the dynamics of the epidemic in Mexico, the country with the highest number of confirmed CHIKV cases in the Americas, and to characterise viral evolution at the population and intra-host level. Analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of 2,739 diagnosed cases in Mexico from December 2014 to December 2015 showed a rapid nationwide expansion of the epidemic with focalisation in the South West of the country. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Dec 14;12(12):e0006986. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Unidad Clínica de Leishmaniasis, Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas (CIDEIM), Cali, Colombia.

Background: Case management in children with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is mainly based on studies performed in adults. We aimed to determine the efficacy and harms of interventions to treat CL in children.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of clinical trials and cohort studies, assessing treatments of CL in children (≤12 years old). Read More

Dermatol Surg 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Dermatology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: There are little data regarding error within the multistep process of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).

Objective: A survey of Mohs surgeons was performed to evaluate variation in tissue handling and processing within the MMS process.

Methods And Materials: A 9-question electronic survey was distributed to members of the American College of Mohs Micrographic Surgery. Read More

Int J Gynecol Pathol 2019 Jan;38 Suppl 1:S64-S74

Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (R.A.S, K.J.P.) Department of Pathology, Stony Brook Hospital, SUNY, Stony Brook (C.T.), New York Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (A.M.) Pathology Department, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and University Hospital of Bellvitge, Biomedical Research Institute, and Bellvitge Biomedical Institute, University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Spain (X.M.-G.) Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (E.O.) Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine and the Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut (V.P.) Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (J.C.) Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK (W.G.M.) Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (C.B.G.).

In this review, we sought to address 2 important issues in the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma: how to grade endometrial endometrioid carcinomas and how to incorporate the 4 genomic subcategories of endometrial carcinoma, as identified through The Cancer Genome Atlas, into clinical practice. The current International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics grading scheme provides prognostic information that can be used to guide the extent of surgery and use of adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. We recommend moving toward a binary scheme to grade endometrial endometrioid carcinomas by considering International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics defined grades 1 and 2 tumors as "low grade" and grade 3 tumors as "high grade. Read More

Am J Nurs 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Heather L. Flores is an NP at the John and Ella Byrd McCain Health and Counseling Center, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville. Azita Amiri is an assistant professor of nursing at the University of Alabama, Huntsville. Contact author: Heather L. Flores, The authors and planners have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

A review of risk factors, health effects, screening, and resources. ABSTRACT: Food insecurity affects people of all ages, in every area in which nurses work or volunteer. The U. Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 Jan;130(1):41-54

From The North American Malignant Hyperthermia Registry of the Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Mercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (2000 through 2017; M.G.L., B.W.B.) Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida (2018; M.G.L.) Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan (T.T.K., M.T.V., S.K.) Department of Nurse Anesthesia, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (2016 through 2018; B.W.B.) Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine (K.G.B., T.W.K., J.C.) School of Public Health (K.G.B.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (E.L.S.) Department of Anesthesiology (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York (J.L.) Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (S.R.) Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Egleston Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia (D.M.). Current positions: Dr. Larach is now at the Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Dr. Sivak is now at the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Beaumont Health, Dearborn, Michigan Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan Beaumont Health, Farmington Hills, Michigan Beaumont Health, Grosse Pointe, Michigan Bronson Healthcare, Battle Creek, Michigan Bronson Healthcare, Kalamazoo, Michigan CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan Henry Ford Health System, West Bloomfield, Michigan Holland Hospital, Holland, Michigan Mercy Health, Muskegon, Michigan Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care, and Pain Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon St. Joseph Mercy, Ann Arbor, Michigan St. Joseph Mercy Oakland, Pontiac, Michigan St. Mary Mercy Hospital, Livonia, Michigan Sparrow Health System, Lansing, Michigan Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California Department of Anesthesiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado Department of Anesthesiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, Tennessee Department of Anesthesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Department of Anesthesiology, University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

What We Already Know About This Topic: WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW: BACKGROUND:: Although dantrolene effectively treats malignant hyperthermia (MH), discrepant recommendations exist concerning dantrolene availability. Whereas Malignant Hyperthermia Association of the United States guidelines state dantrolene must be available within 10 min of the decision to treat MH wherever volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine are administered, a Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia protocol permits Class B ambulatory facilities to stock succinylcholine for airway rescue without dantrolene. The authors investigated (1) succinylcholine use rates, including for airway rescue, in anesthetizing/sedating locations; (2) whether succinylcholine without volatile anesthetics triggers MH warranting dantrolene; and (3) the relationship between dantrolene administration and MH morbidity/mortality. Read More

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Midwest Biomedical Research, Center for Metabolic & Cardiovascular Health, Glen Ellyn, Illinois, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To describe recent strategies that have been developed to enhance absorption of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from dietary supplements.

Recent Findings: The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA have important physiologic functions, and numerous potential health benefits have been suggested by results from observational studies and randomized, controlled trials. EPA and DHA intakes in the average American diet are substantially below recommended levels. Read More

Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Purpose Of Review: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Diet has a significant impact on the risk of developing CRC, but though processed meat is a known positive contributor, the effects of other dietary components are largely mixed. This review focuses on dietary patterns to describe the complexity of dietary diversity and overall food consumption and to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and risk of CRC. Read More

Endocr Connect 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

C Godballe, Department of ORL Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

A recent study proposed new TNM groupings for better survival discrimination among stage groups for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and validated these groupings in a population-based cohort in the United States. However, it is unknown how well the groupings perform in populations outside the United States. Consequently, we conducted the first population-based study aiming to evaluate if the recently proposed TNM groupings provide better survival discrimination than the current American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system (seventh and eighth edition) in a nationwide MTC cohort outside the United States. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

a Department of Epidemiology , Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , NC.

HPV vaccination coverage in the United States (US) falls short of the Healthy People 2020 goal of 80% coverage among 13-15 year-old adolescents. Pharmacies are a promising alternative vaccine delivery site that may increase access to HPV vaccination. Our objective was to assess pharmacists' insights into HPV vaccination provision to adolescents. Read More

J Med Econ 2018 Dec 14:1-5. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

a McGill University Reproductive Center , 888 Boulevard de Maisonneuve East , Montréal , QC H2L 4S8 , Quebec , Canada.

In recent years, the prevalence of infertility has increased due to delayed child bearing and increase in the rate of male infertility. Given the high cost of fertility treatment, this option is not valid for families with low income, and those who can afford it usually choose to have multiple embryo transfers, which has led to an increase in multiple birth rates and increase in the cost of perinatal care. Due to the expected increase in infertility and decrease in the national live birth rate, the United States should set a plan to fund infertility treatment and lead a policy for single embryo transfer. Read More

J Pers Soc Psychol 2018 Dec;115(6):944-973

Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.

Mindfulness meditation interventions-which train skills in monitoring present-moment experiences with a lens of acceptance-have shown promise for increasing positive emotions. Using a theory-based approach, we hypothesized that learning acceptance skills in mindfulness interventions helps people notice more positive experiences in daily life, and tested whether removing acceptance training from mindfulness interventions would eliminate intervention-related boosts in positive affect. In 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of stressed community adults, mindfulness skills were dismantled into 2 structurally equivalent interventions: (a) training in both monitoring and acceptance (Monitor + Accept) and (b) training in monitoring only (Monitor Only) without acceptance training. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Sep;32(18):1367-1371

In 2008, American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery(AAOHNSF) published the first clinical practice guideline for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), in which 13 key action statements for BPPV diagnosis, treatment, and patient education were proposed. The updated version of guideline was published in 2017. This article aimed at interpreting the updated guideline with particular focus on BPPV treatment and patient education. Read More

Salud Publica Mex 2018 Sep-Oct;60(5):592-597

Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, México.

There is solid evidence documenting relationships between the food and beverage industry and academia that shows that industry sponsored research is likely to bias results in favor of industry. In Latin America, examples of these situations have been documented in Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, among others. Due to the urgent need for studying and managing relationships between the food and beverage industry and the field of health and nutrition research, in 2017, the President of the Latin American Society of Nutrition (SLAN) appointed a Conflict of Interest Committee (CCI). Read More

J Clin Psychiatry 2018 Dec 4;80(2). Epub 2018 Dec 4.

New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.

Birth Defects Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community Environmental Health Program, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Background: Although fetal alcohol spectrum disorders represent a significant public health problem, Native Americans are underrepresented in population and targeted screening programs. Prior reports suggest that Native American tribal communities may have a higher prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy; however, systematic examination using ethanol biomarkers is lacking.

Methods: This study utilized data collected through the Navajo Birth Cohort Study (NBCS)-a birth cohort study of a Southwestern tribal community. Read More

J Thromb Haemost 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York.

Synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) are an emerging cell source for regenerative medicine applications, including osteochondral defect (OCD) repair. However, in contrast to bone marrow MSCs, scaffold compositions which promote SMSC chondrogenesis/osteogenesis are still being identified. In the present manuscript, we examine poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG)-based scaffolds containing zonally-specific biochemical cues to guide SMSC osteochondral differentiation. Read More

Int J Health Plann Manage 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Economics, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.

Objectives: In Japan, strong reimbursement pricing control measures for existing medical device products have rendered new medical device reimbursement pricing critical for manufacturers. Few studies have been conducted on this aspect; therefore, this paper (1) clarifies whether evaluation of innovation is appropriate or not and (2), if not, investigates its background.

Methods: In this research, 319 C1/C2 government decisions for new medical devices in the 10 years from April 2008 to March 2018 were analyzed. Read More

Med Educ 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Context: Medical school admissions committees use a variety of criteria to determine which candidates to admit to their programmes. Effective communication is increasingly considered a key requisite to the practice of effective medicine. Medical students with pre-medical backgrounds in the humanities and social sciences may be more likely to acquire skills relevant to patient-centred communication, either prior to or during medical school. Read More

Compr Physiol 2018 Dec 13;9(1):59-74. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA.

Zinc homeostasis is primarily maintained in the proximal small intestine. Sophisticated transport mechanisms maintain zinc homeostasis by controlling the uptake and efflux of zinc in intestinal absorptive epithelial cells. Zrt-irt-like proteins (ZIPs) and zinc transporters (ZnTs) function in a coordinated manner to assimilate zinc from the lumen of the small intestine, subcellular compartments within the absorptive epithelial cell, and circulation. Read More

Compr Physiol 2018 Dec 13;9(1):343-373. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

The small intestine mediates the absorption of amino acids after ingestion of protein and sustains the supply of amino acids to all tissues. The small intestine is an important contributor to plasma amino acid homeostasis, while amino acid transport in the large intestine is more relevant for bacterial metabolites and fluid secretion. A number of rare inherited disorders have contributed to the identification of amino acid transporters in epithelial cells of the small intestine, in particular cystinuria, lysinuric protein intolerance, Hartnup disorder, iminoglycinuria, and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria. Read More

Compr Physiol 2018 Dec 13;9(1):127-148. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), School of Molecular & Systems Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Neuroprostheses (NPs) are electrical stimulators that activate nerves, either to provide sensory input to the central nervous system (sensory NPs), or to activate muscles (motor NPs: MNPs). The first MNPs were belts with inbuilt batteries and electrodes developed in the 1850s to exercise the abdominal muscles. They became enormously popular among the general public, but as a result of exaggerated therapeutic claims they were soon discredited by the medical community. Read More