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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Apr 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

a Inspirion Delivery Sciences , LLC , Morristown , NJ , USA.

Background: Extended-release (ER) morphine formulations are commonly manipulated for non-oral routes of administration, particularly via injection. Morphine ARER, an abuse-deterrent formulation of ER morphine, has both physical and chemical properties that deter abuse.

Objectives: To assess the syringeability of morphine ARER using in vitro laboratory studies. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Apr 16:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

a Department of Pharmacy Services , Hartford Hospital , Hartford , CT , USA.

Background: Benzodiazepines have remained the standard of care for alcohol withdrawal syndrome; however, they have numerous unfavorable physiologic effects. Gabapentin has limited data to support a benefit in reducing benzodiazepine usage in alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Objectives: Evaluate the association of an institutional guideline and order set for alcohol withdrawal that incorporates high dose gabapentin tapers in acutely withdrawing patients. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Apr 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

c College of Public Health and Human Sciences , Oregon State University , Corvallis , USA.

Background: Oregon students' rates of marijuana use have increased following recreational marijuana legalization (RML), but the relation between RML and students' perceived peer use of marijuana - or descriptive norms - is unknown.

Objectives: This study examined whether perceived peer use of marijuana changed more following RML for college students in Oregon than in states without RML.

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional data were collected from the National College Health Assessment-II surveys from 2008 to 2016 to assess changes in descriptive norms ("Within the last 30 days, what percent of students at your school used marijuana?") among 18-26 year-old undergraduates from two Oregon institutions and 123 institutions in non-RML states (N = 280,006; 66. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Apr 11:1-6. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

a Maryland Poison Center, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , MD , USA.

Background: Venlafaxine use to achieve an amphetamine-like high has been described but data regarding the epidemiology and clinical effects are sparse.

Objectives: Describe the prevalence and toxicity of venlafaxine abuse reported to US poison control centers.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of venlafaxine exposures reported to the National Poison Data System (NPDS) from 2000 to 2016. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 21:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA.

Background: The opioid epidemic is a significant public health crisis, and this problem is particularly prevalent among individuals with chronic pain. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for interventions to mitigate the risk for opioid misuse and opioid use disorder among people with pain. Given that mental health problems, specifically anxiety, are common among people who misuse opioids, it is important to examine factors that link mental health problems with opioid misuse to ultimately inform the development of novel interventions. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 21:1-10. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

a Department of Biostatistics , Yale School of Public Health , New Haven , CT , USA.

Background: Epidemiologic surveys of people who inject drugs (PWID) can be difficult to conduct because potential participants may fear exposure or legal repercussions. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a procedure in which subjects recruit their eligible social contacts. The statistical validity of RDS surveys of PWID and other risk groups depends on subjects recruiting at random from among their network contacts. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 14:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

a Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions , University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , NM , USA.

Background: The Food and Drug Administration recently added a new clinical endpoint for evaluating the efficacy of alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment that is more inclusive of treatment goals besides abstinence: no heavy drinking days (NHDD). However, numerous critiques have been noted for such binary models of treatment outcome. Further, there is mounting evidence that participants inaccurately estimate the quantities of alcohol they consume during drinking episodes (i. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 14:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Stanford University , Palo Alto , CA , USA.

Background: Cannabis (marijuana) has been legalized for recreational and/or medicinal use in many US states, despite remaining a Schedule-I drug at the federal level. As legalization regimes are established in multiple countries, public health professionals should leverage decades of knowledge from other policy areas (e.g. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 14:1-21. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

b Translational Epidemiology , New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA.

Background: Due to significant comorbidity and impairment associated with cannabis use and cannabis use disorder, understanding time trends in cannabis use and cannabis use disorder is an important public health priority.

Objectives: To identify trends in cannabis use and cannabis use disorder overall, and by sociodemographic subgroup.

Methods: Narrative review of published findings on trends in cannabis use and cannabis use disorders in data from repeated cross-sectional US general population surveys. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 13:1-12. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel.

This article reviews the neurocognitive advantages and drawbacks of cannabinoid substances, and discusses the possible physiological mechanisms that underlie their dual activity. The article further reviews the neurocognitive effects of ultra-low doses of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 3-4 orders of magnitude lower than the conventional doses) in mice, and proposes such low doses of THC as a possible remedy for various brain injuries and for the treatment of age-related cognitive decline. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Mar 13:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

b Department of Psychology , Syracuse University , Syracuse , NY , USA.

Background: Over 100 million Americans live with chronic pain, and adults with chronic pain may be more likely to experience alcohol-related problems or Alcohol Use Disorder. An evolving conceptual model posits that bidirectional effects between pain and alcohol exacerbate both pain and drinking. Pain has been shown to motivate alcohol urge and consumption, and drinking for pain-coping predicts escalations in alcohol use over time. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 8;45(3):264-275. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

d Departamento de Morfologia e Genética , Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.

Background: The role of specific cerebral areas involved in alcohol use disorder, such as the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, has emerged as a subject of interest over recent years. Nevertheless, the role played by these regions is frequently confounded by different variables, among them are the patterns of alcohol consumption presented by the subjects.

Objectives: The present study verified the effects of chronic voluntary ethanol intake (20 sessions) on DeltaFosB immunoreactivity (DeltaFosB-ir) in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of rats showing high and low preference for ethanol. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 8;45(3):227-229. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 8;45(3):285-291. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

a Discipline of Psychiatry , University of Western Australia , Nedlands , Western Australian , Australia.

Background: Sustained release naltrexone has been shown to be a safer alternative to oral naltrexone in terms of mortality in patients with an opioid use disorder; however, a direct large-scale comparison has not been made between sustained release naltrexone and the more popular opioid pharmacotherapies: methadone and buprenorphine.

Objective: To examine and compare mortality rates in patients with an opioid use disorder treated with implant naltrexone, methadone, and buprenorphine.

Methods: Patients treated with implant naltrexone (n = 1461, 35. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 8;45(3):323-332. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

a Department of Psychology , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA.

Background: The co-occurrence of depression and risky alcohol use is clinically relevant given their high rates of comorbidity and reciprocal negative impact on outcomes. Emotion dysregulation is one factor that has been shown to underlie this association. However, literature in this area has been limited in its exclusive focus on emotion dysregulation stemming from negative emotions. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 5;45(2):115-116. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

a Department of Psychiatry , Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons , New York , USA.

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 1;45(2):161-169. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

a Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD USA.

Background: A recent epidemiological study suggested that 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) used for spiritual and recreational reasons is associated with subjective improvement in depression and anxiety. Further exploration of the potential psychotherapeutic effects of 5-MeO-DMT could inform future clinical trials.

Objectives: We examined self-reported improvement in depression and anxiety among people who use 5-MeO-DMT in a group setting with structured procedures guiding dose and administration of 5-MeO-DMT. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 15;45(3):292-303. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

b School of Social Work , Boston College,McGuinn Hall , Chestnut Hill , MA , USA.

Background: Marijuana use carries risks for adolescents' well-being, making it essential to evaluate effects of recent marijuana policies.

Objectives: This study sought to delineate associations between state-level shifts in decriminalization and medical marijuana laws (MML) and adolescent marijuana use.

Methods: Using data on 861,082 adolescents (14 to 18+ years; 51% female) drawn from 1999 to 2015 state Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS), difference-in-differences models assessed how decriminalization and MML policy enactment were associated with adolescent marijuana use, controlling for tobacco and alcohol policy shifts, adolescent characteristics, and state and year trends. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 24;45(1):1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

a Department of Psychiatry , Columbia University , New York , USA.

Amid worsening opioid overdose death rates, the nation continues to face a persistent addiction treatment gap limiting access to quality care for opioid use disorder (OUD). Three FDA-approved medications (methadone, buprenorphine, and extended-release naltrexone) have high quality evidence demonstrating reductions in drug use and overdose events, but most individuals with OUD do not receive them. The development of a unified public health framework, such as a Cascade of Care, could improve system level practice and treatment outcomes. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 22;45(3):254-263. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

a Centerstone Research Institute , Bloomington , IN , USA.

Background: Behavioral health care providers aim to see their clients achieve lifelong recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs). To do so, they must accurately assess incoming resources and barriers to recovery to identify areas of need for their clients. A recovery capital scale (RCS) is one way to identify these resources and barriers. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Jan 22:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

a Psychological Health Center of Excellence, Defense Health Agency , Falls Church , VA , USA.

Background: This paper presents a new methodology for identifying and prioritizing research gaps, contributing to the nascent literature on systematic ways to identify research gaps.

Objectives: The goal of this paper is to report on a gaps analysis of substance use disorder (SUD) research. Based on input from Military Health System stakeholders, we selected the following subtopics as priorities: alcohol use disorder (AUD) and comorbid conditions, prescription opioids, and novel synthetic drugs (NSDs), including synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, novel synthetic opioids, and e-cigarette use. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 14;45(3):276-284. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

b Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital , Central South University, National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders & National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health , Changsha , Hunan , China.

Background: Repeated and extensive methamphetamine or ketamine use may cause psychotic symptoms. Whether the chronic and combined use of these substances has a greater psychotic effect is still unknown.

Objectives: To examine the effect of different levels of ketamine use on psychotic disorders and symptoms in male methamphetamine-dependent subjects. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Jan 14:1-12. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

a Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology , University of Huelva , Huelva , Spain.

Background: Interpretation bias tasks such as word association tests have shown a moderate relation with substance use, but most studies have been conducted in nonclinical samples and these tasks are difficult to rate.

Objectives: To provide: (1) reliability evidence of the Word Association Task for Drug Use Disorder (WAT-DUD), a novel and easy-to-rate instrument for measuring interpretation bias and (2) validity evidence based on the relationship between the WAT-DUD and variables associated with patterns of drug use and treatment outcomes.

Methods: 186 patients (67 outpatients and 119 inpatients, 90% males) participated in the study. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 11;45(1):51-66. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.

Background: Delay discounting (DD) describes the phenomenon of devaluing future rewards in favor of immediate rewards. Increased DD is a key behavioral marker of addiction, and has been suggested as a target for interventions to alleviate addiction symptoms (e.g. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 11;45(1):84-89. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

a Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.

Background: Besides the analgesic effect of tramadol, prolonged exposure to tramadol can induce adaptive changes thereby leading to dependence and tolerance. Tramadol induces its effect via µ-opioid receptor (MOR). However, tramadol has other targets such as serotonin and epinephrine transporters. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 8;45(3):313-322. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

a Department of Psychology , Indiana University-Purdue University , Indianapolis , IN , USA.

Background: Adolescent cannabis use is associated with increased risk for psychological problems, with evidence for more severe problems among youth who use cannabis in combination with other substances (i.e., polysubstance use). Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 2;45(3):304-312. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

a Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute , Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium.

Background: Binge drinking, characterized by alternations between intense alcohol intakes and abstinence periods, is the most frequent alcohol-consumption pattern among adolescents and is associated with cognitive impairments.

Objectives: It appears crucial to disentangle the psychological factors involved in the emergence of binge drinking in adolescence, and centrally the role played by drinking motives, which are related to binge drinking.

Methods: This longitudinal study explored the role of drinking motives (i. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 2;45(1):90-96. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

a Department of Population Health , New York University Langone Medical Center , New York , NY , USA.

Background: Deaths from fentanyl exposure continue to increase in the US. Fentanyl test strips are now available to test urine for presence of fentanyl, but additional testing methods are needed to determine past exposure and to determine exposure to specific analogs.

Objectives: To investigate exposure to such analogs through hair testing. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 2;45(2):217-226. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

b College of Public Health , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA.

Background: The tobacco industry spends billions on retail marketing and such marketing is associated with tobacco use. Previous research has not examined actual and potential exposures that adolescents have on a daily basis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether both self-reported and geographically estimated tobacco retailer exposures differ by participant or neighborhood characteristics among urban and rural adolescents. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 Jan 2:1-14. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

c University of Colorado School of Medicine , Denver , CO , USA.

Background: Bupropion is a substituted cathinone compound widely used as a first line or add-on treatment for depression, smoking cessation, and more recently in combination with naltrexone for weight loss. As abuse of synthetic cathinone compounds has received more attention in recent years, concern about the misuse potential of bupropion has grown as well.

Objectives: We review bupropion pharmacology and assessments of misuse potential including preclinical evidence, human studies, and post-marketing surveillance of bupropion misuse. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 29;45(2):170-178. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

a Centre for Alcohol Policy Research , La Trobe University , Bundoora , Australia.

Background: Partners of heavy drinking individuals can be detrimentally affected as a result of their partner's drinking.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the proportion of heterosexual intimate partner relationships with a heavy drinking male that resulted in reported alcohol-related harm and to investigate the impact of this on well-being in 9 countries.

Methods: This study used survey data from the Gender and Alcohol's Harm to Others (GENAHTO) Project on Alcohol's Harm to Others in 9 countries (10,613 female respondents, 7,091 with intimate live-in partners). Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 14;45(2):208-216. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

a Multidisciplinary Research Unit , University Centre of Excellence in Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences , Faridkot , India .

Background: A large part of the population of India prefers the traditional medicine (ayurvedic formulations) for primary health care. However, the effective quality control of herbal medicine is still a big challenge. Numerous reports indicate noncompliance with Compromised Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) guidelines by the manufacturers which may lead to adverse drug reactions or toxic effects. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 14;45(2):199-207. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

a Department of Psychiatry , University of Turku and Turku University Hospital , Turku , Finland.

Background: A high prevalence of alexithymia has been consistently reported in alcohol- and drug-dependent populations. However, less is known about the role of alexithymia, and its individual dimensions on substance use in healthier populations.

Objectives: To examine how different alexithymia dimensions associate with substance use, while controlling for confounding factors. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 13;45(3):230-247. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

b Population Health and Optimal Health Practices Branch , CHU de Québec Research Centre , Québec, QC , Canada.

Researchers have increasingly studied shyness, social anxiety, and social anxiety disorder (SAD) as potential precursors of substance use.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to review the relationships between these variables and tobacco use, alcohol use, and cannabis/drug use in normative adolescent populations and the extent to which these associations differ by gender.

Methods: A systematic search in PsycINFO and PubMed was conducted, reference screening was performed, and five experts were consulted. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 29;45(2):124-140. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

b Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.

Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and its associated consequences remain significant public health concerns. Given that AUD represents a spectrum of severity, treatment options represent a continuum of care, ranging from single-session brief interventions to more intensive, prolonged, and specialized treatment modalities.

Objective: This qualitative literature review seeks to describe the best practices for AUD by placing a particular emphasis on identifying those practices which have received the most empirical support. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 25;45(1):11-25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

a California School of Professional Psychology, Clinical Pyschology PhD Program , San Diego , CA , USA.

Background: Research has demonstrated that patients with opioid use disorders (OUD; including both opioid abuse and/or dependence) have poorer neuropsychological functioning compared to healthy controls; however, the pattern and robustness of the findings remain unknown.

Objectives: This study meta-analyzed the results from previous research examining the neuropsychological deficits associated with opioids across 14 neurocognitive domains.

Method: Articles comparing patients with OUD to healthy controls were selected based on detailed inclusion/exclusion criteria and variables of interest were coded. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 25;45(2):179-188. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

b Center for Behavioral Research and Services , California State University , Long Beach , CA , USA.

Background: Alcohol and drug use by women is related to high-risk sexual practices and protective behaviors.

Objectives: To determine sexual risk and protective behaviors using information about women's drug use immediately before or during sex.

Methods: Latent class analysis using PROC LCA in SAS software was used to determine classes of women using both past 30-day drug use and before or during sex. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(6):705

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 19;45(2):117-123. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

a Department of Population Health , New York University Langone Medical Center , New York , NY , USA.

Surveys are the leading method of gathering data on prevalence and correlates of prescription opioid misuse. As the opioid crisis continues in the United States, reliable data on misuse have become increasingly important as under- and overreporting is common. This perspective discusses six potential barriers to researchers accurately assessing opioid misuse on surveys. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 19;45(3):248-253. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

b School of Psychology , Bangor University , Bangor, UK.

Background: There are two main categories of retrospective self-report alcohol consumption measures: summary and daily drinking. Time-efficient summary measures have been criticized for being less able to capture sporadic and unpatterned drinking. A novel retrospective summary measure, the Typical and Atypical Drinking Diary (TADD), may produce more precise estimates of alcohol consumption than the gold-standard daily measure, the Timeline Followback (TLFB). Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 14;45(1):97-107. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

a Department of Psychology , University "Vita-Salute San Raffaele" , Milan , Italy.

Background: Theoretical frameworks postulate that mindfulness represents a relevant therapeutic process in substance use disorders (SUDs), especially in treating difficulties with emotion regulation (DER). Nonetheless, it remains unclear how mindfulness dimensions, particularly self-regulation of attention and acceptance attitudes, are implicated in the well-validated relationship between DER and SUDs. It is also uncertain whether mindfulness is considered a common protective factor for SUDs. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(6):695-704

b Institute for Health and Sport , Victoria University , Melbourne , Australia.

Background: Alcohol use and related problems reach a peak in emerging adulthood. Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct known to be involved in emerging adult alcohol use. Few studies have examined impulsivity and alcohol use across both college attending and noncollege attending emerging adults. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 5;45(1):108-114. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

a Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences , Monash University , Clayton, Melbourne , VIC , Australia.

Background: Individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD) often display behaviours that are paradoxically misaligned with their situation. Typical examples include poor treatment motivation and inconsistent self-reported craving. These behaviours may reflect impairments in the awareness of one's own behaviour. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 23;45(2):189-198. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

c Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences , University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst , MA , USA.

Background: Alcohol use is highly prevalent and linked to a wide range of negative outcomes among college students. Although emotion dysregulation has been theoretically and empirically linked to alcohol use, few studies have examined emotion dysregulation stemming from positive emotions.

Objective: The goal of the current study was to extend extant research by using daily diary methods to examine the potentially moderating role of difficulties regulating positive emotions in the daily relation between positive affect and alcohol use to cope with social and non-social stressors. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 17;44(6):576-577. Epub 2018 Aug 17.

a Psychiatry , Columbia University Medical Center and New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA.

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2019 7;45(1):77-83. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

a Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Burns and Surgical Critical Care , University of California, Irvine , Orange , CA , USA.

Background: The reported incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) disease in trauma is 1-58% and is considered a preventable cause of mortality. Positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is found in 8-45% of trauma admissions; however, its association with VTE is controversial.

Objectives: We hypothesized that a positive BAC on admission would be associated with a lower rate of VTE in a large national database of trauma patients. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 1;44(6):686-694. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Background: Substance-use disorder (SUD) was found to be an aggravating factor to delinquency and is closely related to personality disorders (PDs).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in the relationship between PD traits and SUD in adolescents institutionalized in child welfare and juvenile justice institutions.

Methods: PD traits were measured dimensionally in a sample of 282 boys (69 with an SUD diagnosis) and 143 girls (45 with an SUD diagnosis) from child welfare and juvenile-justice institutions. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(5):571-574

a The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA.

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(5):575

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(5):499-501

a Department of Family and Preventive Medicine , University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA.