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2,232 results match your criteria American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse[Journal]
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Jun 6:1-10. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
b Department of Computer Science and Engineering , University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
Background: Up to 23% of people who play video games report symptoms of addiction. Individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be at increased risk for video game addiction, especially when playing games with more reinforcing properties.
Objectives: The current study tested whether level of video game reinforcement (type of game) places individuals with greater ADHD symptom severity at higher risk for developing video game addiction. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Jun 5:1-10. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
a Department of Psychiatry , University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine , Iowa City , IA, USA.
Background: The Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) is an interview that assesses psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses, including substance use disorders and anxiety and mood (i.e., internalizing) disorders. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Jun 4:1-8. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
f Rollins School of Public Health , Emory University , Atlanta , GA, USA.
Background: Research suggests that reduced retail alcohol outlet density may be associated with lower prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). On-premise sale of alcohol for immediate consumption is theorized as increasing social interactions that can lead to sexual encounters.
Objective: We examined associations between on- and off-premise retail alcohol sales licenses and number of newly diagnosed HIV and STI cases in Texas counties. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 30:1-8. Epub 2018 May 30.
a Department of Psychology , University of Houston , Houston , TX , USA.
Background: Past work has documented bidirectional associations between pain and cigarette smoking behaviors such that those who smoke evidence greater pain, and those in pain tend to smoke more. However, such work has not focused on the role of pain in relation to negative affect, which plays an important role during cessation attempts.
Objective: The current study evaluated pain as a predictor of negative affect as well as level of interference associated with negative affect among individuals undergoing a self-guided quit attempt. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 14:1-9. Epub 2018 May 14.
b Department of Applied Behavioral Science , University of Kansas , Lawrence , KS , USA.
Background: Some have suggested that text messaging is an addictive behavior. However, this characterization is uncertain, partly due to lack of well-validated measures of text messaging attitudes and behaviors. One standard instrument for measuring text messaging attitudes and behaviors is the Self-perception of Text-message Dependency Scale (STDS), though the psychometric properties of this scale have only been examined with a sample of Japanese youth. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 14:1-10. Epub 2018 May 14.
a Center for Alcohol and Addictions Studies Brown University School of Public Health , Providence , RI, USA.
Background: Timeline Followback (TLFB) interview methods are used to assess a variety of health behaviors, including alcohol use, drug use, and sexual behavior. While several online TLFBs have been developed, most focus on single behaviors, and few studies have explored their validity in assessing multiple risk behaviors using a single online TLFB.
Objective: To examine the validity of a customizable web application (Timeline) for assessing alcohol use, drug use, and sexual behavior among high-risk men who have sex with men. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 8:1-10. Epub 2018 May 8.
a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA.
Background: Similar to adult smokers, quit attempts among younger smokers almost inevitably result in relapse. Unlike adults, less is known about the process of relapse in this younger age group. A technology-based remote monitoring system may allow for detailed and accurate characterization of smoking and abstinence and would help to improve cessation strategies. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 3:1-9. Epub 2018 May 3.
b Department of Community Medicine & Health Care , UCONN Health , Farmington , CT, USA.
Background: The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that clinicians screen all adults for alcohol misuse and provide brief counseling to those engaged in risky or hazardous drinking. The World Health Organization's (WHO's) Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is the most widely tested instrument for screening in primary health care.
Objectives: This paper describes the structural and functional features of the AUDIT and methodological problems with the validation of the alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C). Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 3:1-11. Epub 2018 May 3.
a Steve Hicks School of Social Work , University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX, USA.
Background: Despite increasing marijuana use rates over the past decade, the longitudinal association between marijuana use and other substance use problems among adults is unclear.
Objectives: To examine associations of self-reported changes in marijuana use and marijuana use frequency with self-reported other substance use problems over a 12-month period.
Methods: Two waves (W1 and W2) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study provided data. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 2:1-7. Epub 2018 May 2.
a Friends Research Institute , Baltimore , MD, USA.
Background: Although buprenorphine/naloxone (bup/nal) is well-established as a safe and effective treatment for opioid use disorders (OUDs), there are few studies reporting 12-month outcomes of patients receiving bup/nal in formerly drug-free outpatient programs.
Objectives: To examine 12-month outcomes by bup/nal treatment enrollment status among a cohort of African American patients enrolled in a clinical trial.
Methods: This analysis builds upon a randomized trial of 300 opioid-dependent African American bup/nal patients in two outpatient programs in Baltimore, MD. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 May 1:1-10. Epub 2018 May 1.
e Department of Psychiatry , University of Texas Southwestern , Dallas , TX , USA.
Background: Emergent studies suggest a bidirectional relationship between brain functioning and the skin. This neurocutaneous connection may be responsible for the reward response to tanning and, thus, may contribute to excessive tanning behavior. To date, however, this association has not yet been examined. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Apr 25:1-9. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
a Department of Behavioral Science and the Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, College of Medicine , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY, USA.
Background: With a rise in overdoses and medical emergencies related to opioids, buprenorphine-naloxone (bup-nx) is seen as a preferred treatment for opioid dependence. However, the research examining experiences with bup-nx among polysubstance users who may or may not be opioid dependent has been limited.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine use, characteristics of users, and experiences of bup-nx use among polysubstance users entering drug-free recovery programs. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 19;44(4):413-417. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
c Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation , Calverton , MD , USA.
In the US, underage drinkers often consume supersized alcopop - a high-alcohol-content, ready-to-drink flavored alcoholic beverage that is currently regulated as beer. However, calculations in this paper illustrate how the high alcohol by volume and low price of supersized alcopops suggest that they rely on a larger proportion of additives for their alcohol content than permitted to meet the legal definition for beer. From a public safety perspective, it is urgently important that the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau assess the formulation of supersized alcopops - specifically, the percent of alcohol in the finished product that is derived from additives. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 19;44(4):488-496. Epub 2018 Apr 19.
e Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine , University of California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Background: There are sex differences in buprenorphine/naloxone clinical trials for opioid use. While women have fewer opioid-positive urine samples, relative to men, a significant decrease in opioid-positive samples was found during treatment for men, but not women. In order to inform sex-based approaches to improve treatment outcomes, research is needed to determine if opioid use, and predictors of opioid use, differs between men and women during treatment. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Apr 11:1-12. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
a Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branch , National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Center , Baltimore , MD , USA.
Background: Responses to stress and drug craving differ between men and women. Differences in the momentary experience of stress in relation to craving are less well-understood.
Objectives: Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), we examined sex differences in real-time in two areas: (1) causes and contexts associated with stress, and (2) the extent to which stress and drug cues are associated with craving. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Apr 11:1-8. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
a Department of Psychiatry , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent among veterans who served post-9/11, and co-occurs with problem alcohol and substance use. Studies using ecological momentary assessment have examined the temporal association between time-varying PTSD symptoms and alcohol use. Results suggest individual differences in these associations. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Apr 10:1-10. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
a National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program , Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Research Branch , Baltimore , MD, USA.
Background: In a recent clinical trial (NCT00295308), we demonstrated that clonidine decreased the association between opioid craving and moderate levels of stress and affect in patients receiving buprenorphine-based opioid agonist therapy.
Objectives: To examine the relationship between illicit opioid use and craving and affect during the evaluation of clonidine as an adjunct medication in buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder. Secondarily, to examine whether those relationships are driven by within- or between-participant factors. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Mar 7:1-14. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
a Department of Psychiatry , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA.
Background: The US has seen an increase in the popularity of highly concentrated forms of cannabis (hereafter concentrates) and too little is known about the potential risks associated with their use.
Objectives: The present study aims to better understand the patterns and outcomes of concentrates use through the perspectives of young adult users.
Methods: Participants (N = 234, 27. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Mar 7:1-8. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
a Department of Biomedical Sciences , Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY, USA.
Background: Efforts designed to investigate the effects of recent alcohol use on the perception of intimate partner aggression have been stultified by significant financial and logistical barriers that warrant the development of supplemental research methods that may result in more prolific investigation of the phenomenon.
Objectives: The current study explored the viability of using online crowdsourcing to assess the effects of recent alcohol use on the perception of partner aggression.
Method: Mechanical Turk was used to recruit a convenience sample of 60 males who were asked to provide information on their own use of partner aggression, their most recent episode of alcohol use, and their perception of the behaviors and characters depicted in a written partner aggression vignette. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 7;44(4):452-462. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
a Department of Epidemiology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA.
Background: Marijuana and tobacco are considered two closely related substances. It is of great significance to understand the mutual impact of marijuana and cigarette use when more states in the US have legalized marijuana use.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the transitions between marijuana and cigarette use among adolescents and emerging adults. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Mar 7:1-16. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA.
Background: The use of ambulatory assessment to study behavior and physiology in daily life is becoming more common, yet barriers to implementation remain. Limitations in budget, time, and expertise may inhibit development or purchase of dedicated ambulatory assessment software. Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is widely used worldwide, offering a cost-effective and accessible option for implementing research studies. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 16;44(4):480-487. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
c Criminology, Law and Society Program , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA.
Background: Although many formal and informal substance use treatment programs were originally designed for men, no studies have investigated how gender affects the use of substance use treatment modalities, and how gender differences in treatment utilization impact substance use in the unique probation context.
Objective: To describe gender differences in use and effectiveness of substance use treatment modalities (formal and informal) among probationers.
Methods: Longitudinal data were obtained from 335 individuals (93 women) who participated in the Motivational Assessment Program to Initiate Treatment (MAPIT) study. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 ;44(2):160-166
c Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health , Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA.
Background: Despite concerns over measurement error, self-report continues to be the most common measure of adolescent alcohol use used by researchers. Objective measures of adolescent alcohol use continue to advance; however, they tend to be cost prohibitive for larger studies. By combining appropriate statistical techniques and validation subsamples, the benefits of objective alcohol measures can be made more accessible to a greater number of researchers. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Feb 14:1-11. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
e Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science , University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences , Fargo , ND , USA.
Background: Accumulating evidence indicates a link between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cannabis use and suggests that this link may vary as a function of the PTSD symptom cluster type. Consistent with negative reinforcement models of substance use, individuals with elevated Cluster D (Hyperarousal) symptoms may be more likely to use cannabis in response to elevated state anxiety and experience decreases in state anxiety after using cannabis.
Objectives: We aimed to test hypotheses that the interaction of Cluster D and state anxiety would be related to subsequent cannabis use and that those with elevated Cluster D symptoms who used cannabis would report the greatest decreases in state anxiety. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 8;44(4):472-479. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
a Smoking and Addictive Disorders Unit, Faculty of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology , University of Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.
Background: Depressive symptoms and craving are related to smoking maintenance; however, little is known about the association between trajectories of depressive symptoms and smoking craving after quitting.
Objectives: We examined if depressive symptom change relates to change in craving following smoking cessation treatment.
Methods: Participants were 362 (64. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Feb 8:1-9. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
a Division on Substance Abuse , New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York , NY , USA.
Background: There are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for cannabis use disorders (CUD), despite the evaluation of numerous medications. Notably, chronic dosing of oral naltrexone decreases self-administration of cannabis in human laboratory studies.
Objectives: To test the feasibility of long-acting injectable naltrexone for the treatment of CUD, while obtaining preliminary safety and efficacy data. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 5;44(2):275. Epub 2018 Feb 5.
b Department of Psychiatry , UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 2;44(2):273-274. Epub 2018 Feb 2.
a Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Health Sciences Center , Stony Brook University Medical Center , Stony Brook , NY , USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Jan 25:1-7. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
b Department of Psychiatry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , OH, USA.
Background: A double blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial (NCT00253747) evaluating osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) for smoking-cessation revealed a significant interaction effect in which participants with higher baseline ADHD severity had better abstinence outcomes with OROS-MPH while participants with lower baseline ADHD severity had worse outcomes.
Objectives: This current report examines secondary outcomes that might bear on the mechanism for this differential treatment effect.
Methods: Longitudinal analyses were conducted to evaluate the effect of OROS-MPH on three secondary outcomes (ADHD symptom severity, nicotine craving, and withdrawal) in the total sample (N = 255, 56% Male), and in the high (N = 134) and low (N = 121) baseline ADHD severity groups. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 Jan 15:1-8. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
b Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco , CA , USA.
Background: Differences in tobacco use behaviors have been identified between Latinos and non-Latino whites in the general US population. Little is known about cigarette smoking and quitting behaviors of Latinos in treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs), who represent two major tobacco-vulnerable groups.
Objectives: To compare, in a national sample of persons enrolled in SUD treatment, demographic, drug use, and smoking and quitting prevalence and behaviors between Latinos and non-Latino whites. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 15;44(4):431-440. Epub 2018 Jan 15.
a Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Department of Psychiatry , University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
Background: Currently, no pharmacogenetic tests for selecting an opioid-dependence pharmacotherapy have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
Objectives: Determine the effects of variants in 11 genes on dropout rate and dose in patients receiving methadone or buprenorphine/naloxone (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00315341). Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2017 Dec 29:1-10. Epub 2017 Dec 29.
e The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma Tobacco Research Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA.
Background: Alcohol and drug use is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and is highly prevalent among homeless youth. Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) have been used to examine the effect of urges on drug use, though not among homeless youth.
Objectives: We assessed the patterns of drug use and the correlation between real-time contextual factors and drug use using EMA collected daily. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 20;44(4):441-451. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
a Institute for Social Research , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.
Background: Alcohol and marijuana are the most commonly used substances among adolescents but little is known about patterns of co-use.
Objectives: This study examined patterns of concurrent (not overlapping) and simultaneous (overlapping) use of alcohol and marijuana among adolescents.
Methods: Data from US-national samples of 12th graders (N = 84,805, 48. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 20;44(4):426-430. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
b Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA.
Background: Established in 2014, state health insurance exchanges have greatly expanded substance use disorder (SUD) treatment coverage in the United States as qualified health plans (QHPs) within the exchanges are required to conform to parity provisions laid out by the Affordable Care Act and the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA). Coverage improvements, however, have not been even as states have wide discretion over how they meet these regulations.
Objective: How states regulate SUD treatment benefits offered by QHPs has implications for the accessibility and quality of care. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 20;44(4):463-471. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
a Brigham Young University, School of Social Work , Provo , UT , USA.
Background: Emerging adults aged 18 to 25 are most at-risk for non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD). While the literature dedicated to emerging-adult NMUPD has explored risk and protective factors at an individual level, much less is known regarding how interpersonal and familial factors relate to NMUPD. Because interpersonal bonds can have a significant impact on behavior, familial factors may be important predictors of NMUPD among emerging adults. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 7;44(1):1-3. Epub 2017 Dec 7.
a Department of Neurology and Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 1;44(3):358-367. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
b Department of Nursing, Graduate School , Kyung Hee University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.
Background: Despite the greater risk of lifetime smoking among high sensation seekers, it is difficult to change a sensation seeking tendency through interventions. Therefore, it is important to identify a modifiable factor mediating the link between these two conditions in order to weaken or disconnect the association.
Objectives: Based on the literature, deviant peers may play a pivotal role in explaining this association. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 30;44(2):143-146. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
a British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS , St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.
The prevalence of risky opioid use, opioid use disorder, and related harms continue to rise among youth (adolescents and young adults age 15-25) in North America. With an increasing number of opioid overdoses, there remain significant barriers to care for youth with opioid use disorder, and there is an urgent need to expand evidence-based care for treatment of opioid use disorder among this population. Based on the extensive literature on treatment of opioid use disorder among adults, medicated-assisted treatment is likely to be an important or even essential component of treatment of opioid use disorder for most youth. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 2;44(3):386-394. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
b Health Services Research & Development (HSR&D) Seattle Center of Innovation for Veteran Centered and Value-Driven Care , VA Puget Sound Health Care System , Seattle , WA , USA.
Background: Substance-use disorders (SUDs) are common and costly conditions. Understanding high inpatient utilization (HIU) among patients with SUD can inform the development of treatment approaches designed to reduce healthcare expenditures and improve service quality.
Objectives: To examine the prevalence, type, and predictors of HIU among patients with SUD and co-occurring mental health conditions. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 2;44(3):321-328. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
b Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southwest University , Chongqing , P.R. China.
Background: Alcohol dependence is associated with a wide range of serious mental, physical, and social consequences and is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Barbiturates, which are a first-line treatment in the clinic for alcohol withdrawal, may result in combined barbiturate and alcohol use. Their co-use abuse may promote synergistic effects between barbiturates and alcohol in vivo. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 23;44(1):19-23. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
d Department of Psychiatry , University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , PA , USA.
Background: The Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R) is an 8-item measure used to screen for cannabis use disorders (CUD). Despite widespread use of the tool, assessments of the CUDIT-R's validity in subpopulations are limited.
Objectives: The current study tested the structural validity and internal consistency of one of the most widely used screening measures for CUD (i. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 20;44(2):206-214. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
c School of Social Work , College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University , St. Louis , MO , USA.
Background: Bi/multiracial youth face higher risk of engaging in substance use than most monoracial youth.
Objectives: This study contrasts the prevalence of substance use among bi/multiracial youth with that of youth from other racial/ethnic groups, and identifies distinct profiles of bi/multiracial youth by examining their substance use risk.
Methods: Using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (collected between 2002 and 2014), we analyze data for 9,339 bi/multiracial youth ages 12-17 living in the United States. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 19;44(3):378-385. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
c School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany , NY , USA.
Background: The working alliance plays an important role in the substance use disorder treatment process. Many substance use disorder treatment providers incorporate the 12-Step approach to recovery into treatment. With the 12-Step approach known among many clients and clinicians, it may well factor into the therapeutic relationship. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 19;44(3):368-377. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
b British Columbia Centre on Substance Use , British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital , Vancouver , Canada.
Background: Nonmedical use of prescription opioid and illicit opioid has been increasing at an alarming rate in North America over the past decade.
Objective: We sought to examine the temporal trends and correlates of the availability of illicit and prescription opioids among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Vancouver, Canada.
Methods: Data were derived from three prospective cohort studies of PWID in Vancouver between 2010 and 2014. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 19;44(2):141-142. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
b Addiction Recovery Management Service , Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 5;44(4):418-425. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
c Department of Psychiatry , Stony Brook University, School of Medicine , Stony Brook , NY , USA.
Background: The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment-Alcohol, Revised (CIWA-Ar) is an assessment tool used to quantify alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) severity and inform benzodiazepine treatment for alcohol withdrawal.
Objectives: To evaluate the prescribing patterns and appropriate use of the CIWA-Ar protocol in a general hospital setting, as determined by the presence or absence of documented AWS risk factors, patients' ability to communicate, and provider awareness of the CIWA-Ar order.
Methods: This retrospective chart review included 118 encounters of hospitalized patients placed on a CIWA-Ar protocol during one year. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 18;44(2):147-150. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
b UT Southwestern Medical Center , Department of Psychiatry , Dallas , TX , USA.
The gap between treatment utilization and treatment need for substance use disorders (SUDs) remains a significant concern in our field. While the growing call to bridge this gap often takes the form of more treatment services and/or better integration of existing services, this perspective proposes that more effective labels for and transparent descriptions of existing services would also have a meaningful impact. Adopting the perspective of a consumer-based health-care model (wherein treatments and services are products and patients are consumers) allows us to consider how labels like Addiction-focused Medical Management, Medication-Assisted Treatment, Medication-Assisted Therapy, and others may actually be contributing to the underutilization problem rather than alleviating it. Read More
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2018 22;44(3):348-357. Epub 2017 Aug 22.
a Health Behavior Research and Training Institute at the School of Social Work , University of Texas , Austin , TX , USA.
Background: Readiness to change alcohol use has been associated with a number of predictors including emotional distress, drinking severity, and consequence severity, as well as with static demographic factors such as gender and race/ethnicity.
Objective: To examine the relationships among these variables and readiness to change alcohol use in young adults.
Methods: Structural equation modeling was used to test pathways of readiness to change in 1,256 young adult patients (78% male/22% female) ages 18-29 who were provided screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment (SBIRT) as part of a Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Treatment Capacity Expansion Project. Read More