Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):47-52

University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Purpose: To compare the effect of polishing systems on surface roughness of nanohybrid and microhybrid resin composites.

Methods: Two types of restorative resin composites and two one-step polishing systems were used in this study (IPS Empress Direct as the nanohybrid resin composite and Filtek P90 as the microhybrid). A total of 120 discs were fabricated (n=120). Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):43-46

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of different white spot lesion (WSL) treatments associated with dental bleaching on the fluorescence of dental enamel.

Methods: 80 flat enamel disks (3 mm diameter and 1 mm thick) were obtained from bovine incisors. The initial fluorescence (fluorescent emission or Delta E*ab- FL units) of the specimens was measured using a spectrophotometer. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):39-42

Division of Cariology and Endodontology, Section of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland,

Purpose: To evaluate the color stability of three resin-based materials continuously exposed to various staining agents.

Methods: 144 disc-shaped specimens were made of each of the three tested composites (Essentia, Brillant, Inspiro). Half of them were 1 mm thick, the other half 1. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):33-38

Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate whether surface moisture would influence the bonding effectiveness of universal adhesives in etch-and-rinse mode.

Methods: All-Bond Universal (AB), G-Premio Bond (GP) Prime&Bond Active (PB) and Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU) were evaluated. Shear bond strengths after 24 hours and 10,000 thermal cycles of universal adhesives to moist and dry enamel and dentin in etch-and-rinse mode were determined. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):27-30

Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Division of Biomaterials and Bio-engineering, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of a surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler-containing tooth-coating material on enamel demineralization. The outer surface of the S-PRG filler is in a state in which ions are readily released.

Methods: Human enamel blocks were incubated in lactic acid solution (pH 4. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):21-27

Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry and Endodontics, Westdeutsche Kieferklinik, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the smear layer removal efficacy using two different concentrations of apple vinegar.

Methods: 48 single-rooted human teeth with conical roots and canals were randomly divided into four groups and prepared by using a nickel-titanium rotary system (Flexmaster). The final irrigation regimens used were: Group A (negative control group) in which distilled water only was used: Group B (positive control group) in which 2. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):14-20

Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil,

Purpose: To evaluate the hardness, roughness and color stability of artificial teeth after immersion in liquid disinfectant soaps.

Methods: Artificial teeth (Vipi Dent Plus, ArtiPlus and Biolux) were divided into four groups (n=15), according to the type of immersion solution: distilled water/control group (DW); liquid disinfectant soap Dettol (SD); liquid disinfectant soap Protex (SP); and liquid disinfectant soap Lifebuoy (SL). The immersion cycles occurred every day, for 8 hours at room temperature in each disinfectant solution, following immersion in distilled water for 16 hours at 37°C. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):9-13

Department of Periodontology, University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical association between Lactobacillus and the efficacy of adjuvant treatment of severe periodontitis, periodontal parameters, and halitosis.

Methods: 60 healthy volunteers with severe periodontitis were randomized into two groups to receive periodontal therapy in a single session and lactobacillus or a placebo for 90 days. The test group received Lactobacillus reuteri, salivarius and acidophilus, and the control group received placebo with xylitol. Read More

Am J Dent 2019 Feb;32(1):3-8

Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Purpose: To investigate the association of dental enamel cracks with estimated tooth age and varying tooth wear severities.

Methods: 355 premolars were sorted from a pool of extracted human teeth, based on their estimated age range: 21-40, 41-60 years old, determined by a dental forensic method and on the presence/severity of lesions: none, mild, moderate and severe wear (Basic Erosive Wear Examination Index). The buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth were inspected for cracks under an optical coherence tomography system. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):320-328

Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,

Purpose: (1) To conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on factors influencing the radiant exposure of resin-based composite (RBC) restorations and (2) To fully understand the appropriate way of using the light curing units (LCUs) to perform restorations with optimal mechanical/physical properties.

Methods: A PubMed search identified recent publications in English that addressed the factors affecting the longevity of the RBC restorations and the optimal usage of LCUs.

Results: RBCs require light-induced polymerization of methacrylate monomers present in its composition to reach acceptable mechanical and physical properties. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):317-319

Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Texas, USA,

Purpose: To evaluate if pre-treatment with silver diamine fluoride (SDF) adversely affects the bond strength of orthodontic brackets to enamel.

Methods: 30 extracted non-carious permanent molar teeth were embedded in acrylic resin cylinders with buccal surfaces exposed and randomly divided equally into two groups. The experimental enamel surfaces were treated with 38% SDF applied for 1 minute between phosphoric acid etch and metal orthodontic bracket bonding with Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):313-316

Lutheran University of Brazil, Torres (ULBRA-Torres), Torres, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of four distinct carbonated beverages on the color stability of two resin composites, microhybrid and nanofilled, from the same manufacturer but with different inorganic filler compositions and different finishing and polishing methods.

Methods: A total of 150 specimens were prepared in microhybrid (n= 75) and nanofilled (n= 75) resin composites, with the color shade A2E. The samples, subdivided into groups (n = 25), underwent different surface treatments: G1, a sequence of sandpaper discs; G2, universal polishing paste; and G3, disc sequence, and polishing paste. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):309-312

Center for Dental Research, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a mouthwash containing stabilized chlorine dioxide in reducing oral malodor when used as an adjunct to tooth brushing compared with the use of a placebo mouthwash.

Methods: This 8-week study in healthy subjects with clinically diagnosed intrinsic oral malodor was a 2-way crossover, double-blind, randomized, and controlled trial design, which was conducted at a single site. Subjects were randomized to receive either unflavored, non-fluoridated, and alcohol-free mouthwash containing 0. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):303-308

Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

Purpose: To investigate the effects of whitening toothpastes over the wear and surface roughness of ormocer and methacrylate composites.

Methods: Cylindrical specimens (n=120) were prepared using methacrylate-based composites (Filtek Z350 XT, TPH3 and GrandioSO) and a pure-ormocer composite (Admira Fusion). Brushing abrasion (100,000 strokes) was performed using whitening toothpastes containing different abrasives: alumina (Colgate Ultrawhite), perlite (CloseUp Whitening) and sodium bicarbonate (Kin Progressive Whitening). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):297-302

Global Oral Care, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Purpose: To compare the desensitizing effects of two different marketed professional dentin hypersensitivity treatments, a 5% sodium fluoride varnish and an oxalic acid/potassium salt solution, in a single-center, randomized, controlled, subject-blind pilot study.

Methods: A total of 22 subjects with dentin hypersensitivity on at least two teeth were recruited from a general dentistry practice and randomized 1:1 to treatment with a 5% sodium fluoride varnish (Acclean Fluoride Varnish) group or a 3% oxalic acid/potassium salt solution (Super Seal Desensitizer). The study population was predominantly female (91%) and Caucasian (77%). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):290-296

Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, wang.linda@ usp.br.

Purpose: This in vitro study was conducted in two regimens hypothesizing that high-fluoride (F) toothpaste (5,000 µg F/g) with or without functionalized tri-calcium phosphate (f TCP) would provide additional protection against (1) root caries development and (2) progression. For both regimens, bovine root dentin specimens were used.

Methods: In regimen 1, 60 specimens were subjected daily to alternate immersions between demineralizing and remineralizing solutions for 7 days. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):285-289

Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil,

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of whitening mouthrinses used before toothbrushing on enamel microhardness and wear.

Methods: 80 polished bovine enamel specimens were randomly assigned into four groups according to the mouthrinses tested (n=20): PW: Plax Whitening - 1.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP); LW: Listerine Whitening Pre-Brush Rinse - 2% HP; U: Ultradex - Chlorine dioxide; C: Control - Artificial saliva. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Dec;31(6):279-284

Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil,

Purpose: To evaluate, in vitro, mechanical, chemical and antimicrobial properties of Embrace Wetbond bisphenol A (BPA)-free pit-and-fissure sealant.

Methods: For the shear bond strength and microleakage tests, 135 healthy third molars were randomly divided into six groups, according to sealant [Fluroshield (FS) and Embrace Wetbond (EWB)] and contamination conditions (no contamination, contamination with saliva and contamination with water). In addition, EWB sealant was subjected to the following analyses: fluoride release using direct potentiometry, antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method and quantification of BPA using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):272-276

Department of Reconstructive Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, Switzerland.

Purpose: To assess the clinical ability of marginal detection of different intraoral optical scanning (IOS) systems.

Methods: The Ethics Committee of the University of Siena, Italy approved the research project. Thirty patients in need of an onlay/inlay with supra-gingival margins were included and randomly divided in three groups of 10 (3× n=10) according to the IOS for chairside capturing:(A) GC-Europe (Aadva); (B) True-Definition-TD; (C) Trios. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):267-271

University of Study of Campania, Naples, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on dental pain felt during cavity preparation of carious lesions in permanent teeth of adults.

Methods: The study was carried out on 88 teeth with dental caries requiring class I restorations in 24 subjects with a pain score ≥ 7 but < 10 measured using a 0-10 visual analogue scale (VAS) in a preliminary test of pain threshold (PTPT) for each subject receiving a class I cavity preparation on another tooth without local anesthesia. The 88 teeth included were randomly allocated to test and control groups, each with 44 teeth. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):261-266

School of Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil,

Purpose: To evaluate the longevity and factors associated with failure of primary teeth restorations placed in high caries-risk children.

Methods: The sample was comprised of children treated in a University Dental Service. Patients' records were screened retrospectively to determine whether they had received restorative treatment in primary teeth presenting cavitated caries lesions. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):255-260

Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Purpose: To compare a new technique of non-invasive proximal adhesive restoration (NIPAR) to the infiltration concept technique (ICON).

Methods: Extracted human posterior teeth with non-cavitated proximal carious lesions (ICDAS code 1-2) were cut vertically to obtain two symmetrical lesions. Group 1 (NIPAR):Half of the paired lesions surfaces (n=13) were abraded with metallic strips and etched with 37% H3PO4 for 120 seconds. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):249-252

Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.

Purpose: To compare the influence of various surface treatments on the shear bond strength and surface roughness of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics.

Methods: 60 lithium disilicate ceramic samples were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions and were divided into six groups according to the surface treatment:Control (C), 5% HF etching for 20 and 60 seconds (E20, E60), Monobond Etch & Prime etching (MEP), Nd:YAG (ND) and Er:YAG (ER) laser irradiation. All groups were treated with a universal primer except group MEP. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):243-248

Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Purpose: To investigate the infiltration potential of different self-etch adhesives into natural non-cavitated proximal lesions and the effect of dehydration protocol on the infiltration of a self-etch adhesive.

Methods: 29 extracted molars and premolars with natural proximal lesions (ICDAS 1-2) were sectioned through the lesion providing two samples from each lesion. To compare the different adhesives, three groups of eight lesions were abraded with fine metallic strips and then etched with 37% H3PO4 acid for 120 seconds. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):239-242

Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the bleaching efficacy and time required for color stability immediately after dental office bleaching.

Methods: 40 subjects were randomly divided into two groups, according to the bleaching agent used:GHP - 35% hydrogen peroxide gel and GCP - 37% carbamide peroxide gel. The color was measured with a spectrophotometer before and immediately, 24 hours, 72 hours, 7 days and 15 days after the bleaching procedure. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):234-238

Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Purpose: To investigate whether the interposition of a sealing-connector was able to reduce the bacterial leakage in external hexagon implants.

Methods: 20 implants with external hexagon connection were used. Ten Test implant-abutment assemblies were connected with the interposition of a sealing-connector molded in the exact shape of the two opposed surfaces. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Oct;31(5):227-233

British American Tobacco, R&D, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom.

Purpose: To evaluate in vitro enamel sample discoloration following exposure to a scientific reference cigarette (3R4F) or emissions from next generation tobacco and nicotine products (NGPs) such as electronic cigarettes (EC) and tobacco heating products (THP).

Methods: Bovine enamel blocks (6.5 × 6. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):215-224

The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.

Purpose: This study expanded the analysis of subgingival dental plaques from previous research to include the evaluation of cohort, site and treatment effects on chemically measured endotoxin and activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) based gene expression in two additional reporter cell lines: a TLR2 specific cell line and a THP-1 (multi TLR reporter) cell line.

Methods: Participants from high and low bleeding cohorts were sampled at baseline for both supra and subgingival dental plaque at both healthy as well as clinically diseased sites and then provided with intervention hygiene products including a stabilized SnF₂ dentifrice and a new soft bristle manual toothbrush. Following 2 and 4 weeks of assigned dentifrice use, participants returned for a re-evaluation of gingival inflammation and bleeding and repeat samplings of dental plaque. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):211-214

Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To evaluate the tooth discoloration effect of the daily use protocol of six different mouthrinses.

Methods: 70 extracted caries-free central incisors were divided into seven groups (n=10/per group) : Group 1: Curasept Anti Discoloration System; Group 2: CB12; Group 3: Listerine Zero; Group 4: Listerine Cool Mint; Group 5: Colgate Plax; Group 6: Kloroben. The teeth were exposed to the mouthrinse for 2 minutes daily for 3 weeks. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):205-210

Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil.

Purpose: To compare the fracture toughness of four different CAD/CAM materials, (VM) Vitablocs Mark II, (IP) IPS e.max CAD, (LU) LAVA Ultimate, and (VE) Vita Enamic under long thermocycling conditions.

Methods: Each type of ceramic block was sectioned into beams (n=9) with dimensions of 14×3×2. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):199-204

Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro effects of the Composite Primer and different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) of acrylic and bis-acryl repairs with resin composite (RC).

Methods: Acrylic (Alike) and bis-acryl (Protemp 4) blocks were prepared. Surface roughness was standardized (0. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):195-198

Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate (1) the efficacy of Ibuprofen and codeine + paracetamol to control immediate bleaching sensitivity caused by in-office tooth bleaching performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide, and (2) tooth shade change caused by 35% hydrogen peroxide.

Methods: In this randomized, controlled and double blind clinical trial, 60 volunteers were divided into three treatment groups: 400 mg placebo (PL)(n=20), 400 mg ibuprofen (IB)(n=20), or 30 mg codeine + 500 mg paracetamol (CP)(n=20). The volunteers were submitted to two bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide in 2 applications of 20 minutes each. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):189-194

Restorative Dentistry (Periodontology), Clinical Trials Unit, Bristol Dental School, Bristol, UK.

Purpose: To quantify dentin tubule occlusion and correlate this with pain reduction in vivo.

Methods: This was a single-center, randomized two treatment, examiner-blind, parallel study. 20 participants with confirmed dentin hypersensitivity (DH) were evaluated by Schiff Air Blast, VAS Air Blast and replica impression of the tooth surface to visualize tubule occlusion at baseline and following 4-week twice daily use of either an occluding toothpaste (8% strontium acetate, 1,040 ppm fluoride) or a non-occluding toothpaste (1,450 ppm fluoride). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):184-188

Procter & Gamble, Mason, OH, USA.

Purpose: To examine the delivery of stannous fluoride to subgingival sulci following toothpaste use in a clinical population.

Methods: This was a controlled, single-site study. 23 subjects with at least 20 dental pockets, 2-4 mm with bleeding, who had not used a stannous fluoride dentifrice in the last 3 months were enrolled. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):177-183

Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of desensitizing dentifrices on dentin wear and tubule occlusion using a three-phase, single blind, crossover in situ trial.

Methods: The dentifrices containing Arginine and calcium carbonate (1,450 ppmF) and Novamin, (~1,426 ppmF) were tested in two conditions: A: abrasion and B: erosion/abrasion. A dentifrice without desensitizing agents was used as control (1,450 ppmF). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Aug;31(4):171-176

Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,

Purpose: To compare the 6-month clinical efficacy of a novel high frequency sonic power toothbrush (A) with an oscillating-rotating (O-R) power toothbrush (B) and a traditional sonic toothbrush (C) in reducing plaque and gingivitis.

Methods: This was a single-center, randomized, examiner-blind, parallel group design consisting of two two-treatment sub-trials. Gingivitis was assessed using the Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):24A-28A

Global Oral Care, Procter & Gamble Company Health Care Research Center, Mason, Ohio, USA.

Purpose: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a two-step dentifrice/gel oral hygiene sequence in a vulnerable population.

Methods: Prior to the research, institutional review was obtained for the protocol, consent and advertising. The study targeted adults with medication-associated xerostomia, because of the plaque accumulation and possible oral safety risks seen in this population. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):18A-23A

Global Oral Care, Procter & Gamble Company Health Care Research Center, Mason, Ohio, USA.

Purpose: To assess use of a two-step dentifrice/gel sequence versus chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinse on gingivitis prevention after dental prophylaxis.

Methods: A 12-week, randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness and safety of a two-step dentifrice/gel sequence to a positive control in healthy adults with established gingivitis. After informed consent, gingivitis and stain levels were assessed by clinical examination. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):13A-17A

Global Oral Care, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.

Purpose: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a two-step dentifrice/whitening gel oral hygiene sequence on natural gingivitis and extrinsic stain.

Methods: The population consisted of healthy adults with clinical evidence of gingivitis and extrinsic stain. Consent, demographic information and clinical measurements were collected, after which subjects were randomized to treatment. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):7A-12A

Victor Mills Society in Global Oral Care Research & Development, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA,

Purpose: Health-related outcomes from three randomized controlled trials represented the initial research on the feasibility of novel, sequential oral hygiene with a stannous fluoride (SnF₂) dentifrice then hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) whitening gel.

Methods: One crossover and two parallel clinical trials were conducted independently. Objectives varied, with individual studies assessing short, intermediate or longer-term outcomes from breath, dental plaque or gingivitis, respectively. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):4A-6A

Global Oral Care, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, Ohio, USA.

Purpose: Recently, a unique two-step product was introduced that includes sequential use of a novel 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice followed by a 3% hydrogen peroxide whitening gel. The technology targeted advanced gingival health benefits plus esthetic benefits such as tooth whitening. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jul;31(Sp Is A):3A

Bioscience Research Center College of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):166-168

Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Purpose: To examine the in vitro caries inhibition of a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, and a fluoride and calcium releasing resin-based composite.

Methods: Standardized Class V preparations were placed in 30 molars, the gingival margin placed below the cemento-enamel junction. Randomly, 10 Vitremer, 10 Z 100 and 10 Cention N restorations were placed according to manufacturer's instructions, in 30 teeth. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):155-165

Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

Purpose: To evaluate if mechanical and thermal cycling promote remineralization at the resin-dentin interface after bonding with three different adhesive approaches.

Methods: Dentin surfaces were subjected to three different treatments: demineralization (1) by 37% phosphoric acid followed by application of an etch-and-rinse dentin adhesive Single Bond (Adper Single Bond) (SB); (2) by 0.5 M ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by SB; (3) application of a self-etch dentin adhesive: Clearfil-SEB (Clearfil SE Bond). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):149-154

Division of Community Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of exploiting amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) formed in situ from chitosan calcium microspheres and phosphate ions in water during brushing for caries control.

Methods: A prototype toothpaste, namely Chi-ACP paste, was specially formulated containing CaCl₂/chitosan microspheres. The efficiency of Chi-ACP paste for remineralization on human tooth enamel was evaluated via an in vitro pH cycling approach. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):144-148

Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill resin composites (RC) in comparison to conventional RC submitted to artificial staining.

Methods: 15 specimens of each RC were prepared. Five bulk-fill RC [X-tra Base (XB), Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable (FBF), Admira Fusion X-tra (AD), Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill (TB), and Filtek Bulk-Fill (FB) ], and two conventional RC [GrandioSO (GO) and Filtek Z350XT (FXT) ] were used. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):141-143

Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Purpose: To compare the sealing effectiveness of four different implant-abutment connections against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The null hypotheses stated that there was no difference on sealing ability among the implant-abutment connections tested. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):135-140

Independent Consultant, Jupiter, FL, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness in reducing dentin hypersensitivity (DH) of a commercial toothpaste containing 8% arginine, calcium carbonate and fluoride when applied by a dental professional immediately prior to a professional dental prophylaxis and again after subjects brushed twice daily with the toothpaste at home for 2 weeks, and additionally to assess whether the % reductions in DH observed in the study are comparable to those found in previously published pivotal studies.

Methods: This clinical study was a single-center, user-blind, monadic study conducted in Mississauga, Canada. Adult subjects who presented with a tactile hypersensitivity score (Yeaple Probe) between 10 and 50 grams of force and an air blast hypersensitivity score of 2 or 3 (Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale) and met all inclusion and exclusion criteria were entered into the study. Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):131-134

Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Purpose: To compare two systems used for conditioning the gingival sulcus and exposing the finish line before the final impression for a fixed denture: retraction cords and diode laser.

Methods: All subjects participating in the study had healthy gingival and periodontal status before intervention for fixed prosthesis. 74 abutments for complete crown restoration were randomly divided into two groups for displacing the gingival sulcus before the final impression: gingival retraction cords (RC) and diode laser (DL). Read More

Am J Dent 2018 Jun;31(3):126-130

Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a new light-cured anesthetic gel for pain control associated with the clamp placement for rubber dam isolation in children.

Methods: 82 children in need of sealant placement on the first permanent mandibular molars were selected to take part in this randomized, split-mouth, triple-blinded study. Before rubber dam placement, the light-cured anesthetic gel (test) or a placebo gel (control) was applied on the gingival margins of the molars. Read More