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N Engl J Med 2018 Dec;379(23):2255

Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018 18;8:358. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Investigación de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.

Calreticulin (CRT) is a highly conserved protein in the endoplasmic reticulum that plays important roles in the regulation of key cellular functions. Little is known about the participation of CRT (CRT) in the processes of pathogenicity or in the modulation of the host immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CRT in the proliferation and the cytokine profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with amebic liver abscess (ALA) during the acute phase (AP-ALA) of the disease compared to patients during the resolution phase (R-ALA). Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 10 29;12(10):e0006892. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.

Background: Amebiasis is a protozoal infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica, while the morphologically indistinguishable E. dispar is considered as non-pathogenic. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are necessary to differentiate both species. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 Oct 25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety ultrasound-guided percutaneous catheter drainage (US-PCD) in management of various types of ruptured amebic liver abscess including free rupture (FR) with diffuse intraperitoneal fluid collections (DIFC).

Methods: This study analyzed 117 patients with ruptured ALA who underwent US-PCD. The indication for US-PCD was failure to respond to conservative treatment and/or percutaneous needle aspiration. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2018 Sep 26;53(9):1085-1088. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.

Entamoeba histolytica colitis can mimic Crohn's disease. However, a fulminant infection can be life-threatening, especially after exposure to systemic steroids. We present a case of the patient who was initially diagnosed with ileocolonic Crohn's disease, but developed a hepatic E histolytica abscess while undergoing anti-TNF therapy. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018 Jul 20;162. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Maxima Medisch Centrum, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Veldhoven.

Background: Cases of Entamoeba histolytica infections in the Netherlands are usually imported diseases. The most common extra-intestinal manifestation of E. histolytica is the amoebic abscess. Read More

Case Rep Med 2018 29;2018:9593865. Epub 2018 May 29.

Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Liver abscess is a rare but serious complication of Crohn's disease. Patients with Crohn's disease are at risk for pyogenic liver abscesses due to immunosuppressive therapy, fistulous disease, and intraabdominal abscesses. Inflammatory bowel disease patients are also known to have a greater prevalence of amebiasis compared to the rest of the population; however, a higher incidence of amebic liver abscess has not been reported. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018 22;8:209. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Over the past 20 years, gastrointestinal infections in developing countries have been a serious health problem and are the second leading cause of morbidity among all age groups. Among pathogenic protozoans that cause diarrheal disease, the parasite produces amebic colitis as well as the most frequent extra-intestinal lesion, an amebic liver abscess (ALA). Usually, intestinal amebiasis and ALA are treated with synthetic chemical compounds (iodoquinol, paromomycin, diloxanide furoate, and nitroimidazoles). Read More

Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2018 Apr-Jun;8(2):90-99

Department of Anaesthesia, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Background: The importance of cecal pathologies lie in the fact that being the first part of the large intestine, any disease involving the cecum affects the overall functioning of the large bowel. Primary cecal pathologies presenting as acute abdomen have not been described in any previous study in terms of presentation, management, and outcome.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the reported causes of primary cecal pathologies presenting as acute abdomen and the various causes presenting in our setting, the to discuss morbidity and mortality associated with cecal pathologies, and to critically analyze the various management modalities employed in an emergency setting. Read More

Indian J Gastroenterol 2018 05 14;37(3):196-201. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Department of Gastroenterology, Sawai Man Singh, Medical College, J L N Marg, Jaipur, 302 004, India.

Background: Metronidazole is a drug of choice for amebic liver abscess (ALA), but has long course and significant side effects. Thus, drugs like tinidazole with a better tolerability record need evaluation.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial at the Department of Gastroenterology, SMS Hospital, Jaipur, India. Read More

Parasitology 2018 Dec 9;145(14):1890-1895. Epub 2018 May 9.

Department of Infectious Diseases,Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center,Komagome Hospital,Tokyo 113-8677,Japan.

We have previously shown that the C-terminal region of the intermediate subunit of Entamoeba histolytica galactose- and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-inhibitable lectin (C-Igl) is a useful antigen for serodiagnosis of amebiasis. An immunochromatographic kit was developed using fluorescent silica nanoparticles coated with C-Igl prepared in Escherichia coli. Samples for examination were added to the freeze-dried particles and then applied to the immunochromatographic device, in which a test line on the membrane was also coated with C-Igl. Read More

Rev Med Interne 2018 Jul 25;39(7):586-588. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

Service de médecine interne, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France; Centre national de référence des angiœdèmes, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France.

Introduction: Amoebiasis is a cosmopolitan disease and the third most deadly of parasitic diseases. Entamoeba histolytica is the only one to be pathogenic. Its transmission is not only related to the faecal peril but also sexual, with cases described among men who have sex with men. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2018 03 19;14(3):e1006882. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

The disease state of amebiasis, caused by Entamoeba histolytica, varies from asymptomatic to severe manifestations that include dysentery and extraintestinal abscesses. The virulence factors of the pathogen, and host defense mechanisms, contribute to the outcomes of infection; however, the underlying genetic factors, which affect clinical outcomes, remain to be fully elucidated. To identify these genetic factors in E. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 02 8;12(2):e0006216. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Entamoeba nuttalli is an intestinal protozoan with pathogenic potential that can cause amebic liver abscess. It is highly prevalent in wild and captive macaques. Recently, cysts were detected in a caretaker of nonhuman primates in a zoo, indicating that E. Read More

Proteomics 2018 Apr 7;18(7):e1700341. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Department of Molecular Parasitology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

The obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic dysentery and liver abscess. E. histolytica adheres to the host tissues in a contact-dependent manner. Read More

BMC Public Health 2018 01 10;18(1):118. Epub 2018 Jan 10.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

Background: Clinically diagnosed amoebic liver abscess (ALA) caused by Entamoeba histolytica has been an important public health problem in Jaffna district, northern Sri Lanka for last three decades. In order to draw up a control strategy for elimination of this condition, knowledge of its epidemiology and factors associated with this condition in the local context is vital.

Methods: All clinically diagnosed ALA patients admitted to the Teaching Hospital, Jaffna during the study period were included in the study and the data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Read More

Euroasian J Hepatogastroenterol 2017 Jan-Jun;7(1):23-26. Epub 2017 May 5.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Liver abscess is common in pediatric population in India. Children have unique set of predisposing factors and clinical features. Liver abscesses are infectious, space-occupying lesions in the liver; the two most common abscesses being pyogenic and amebic. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Dec 1;2017. Epub 2017 Dec 1.

Canberra Sexual Health Centre, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Multiple concurrent infectious processes have previously been reported in the context of advanced HIV with significant immunosuppression. Here we report a case of multiple infections in a 56-year-old man with well-controlled HIV diagnosed 5 years earlier. Soon after returning to Australia following 12 years living in Thailand, he became unwell with fevers, night sweats, arthralgia and myalgia. Read More

Parasite 2017 29;24:46. Epub 2017 Nov 29.

Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Ags., México.

Oxidative stress and transcriptional pathways of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) are critically involved in the etiopathology of amebic liver abscess (ALA). In this work, we studied the relationship between the adrenergic nervous system and ALA in the hamster. ALA was visible at 12 h of infection. Read More

World J Nucl Med 2017 Oct-Dec;16(4):317-319

Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF), a rare complication of liver disease, is an abnormal communication between the biliary tract and bronchial tree. BBF may occur as a consequence of local liver infections such as hydatid or amebic disease, pyogenic liver abscess or trauma to the liver, obstruction of biliary tract, and tumor. As such management of liver disease with BBF is very difficult and often associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Read More

Infez Med 2017 Sep;25(3):281-284

Microbiology Department, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester, United Kingdom.

A case of amoebic colitis and liver abscess is described in a previously fit 59-year old man who had been given the incorrect diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. His symptoms were so severe that a colectomy was being considered. The patient had a significant travel history including trips to Morocco, the Gambia and Cape Verde, putting him at risk of acquiring amoebic disease. Read More

PLoS One 2017 10;12(8):e0182480. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luís y Díaz Mirón, CP, Ciudad de México, México.

The protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is the etiological agent of amoebiasis, which can spread to the liver and form amoebic liver abscesses. Histological studies conducted with resistant and susceptible models of amoebic liver abscesses (ALAs) have established that neutrophils are the first cells to contact invasive amoebae at the lesion site. Myeloperoxidase is the most abundant enzyme secreted by neutrophils. Read More

PLoS One 2017 3;12(8):e0181962. Epub 2017 Aug 3.

Sub direction of Pathology, National Institute of Cancerology, México City, México.

We sought to establish an ex vivo model for examining the interaction of E. histolytica with human tissue, using precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) from donated organs. E. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017 Oct 19;97(4):1214-1217. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

The most common extraintestinal complication of is amebic liver abscess (ALA). Hepatic vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis are rare but well-documented complications of ALA, typically attributed to mechanical compression and inflammation associated with a large abscess. We present a case of a previously healthy 43-year-old Canadian man presenting with constitutional symptoms and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Jul 18;2017. Epub 2017 Jul 18.

Internal Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium.

Acta Trop 2017 Aug 12;172:208-212. Epub 2017 May 12.

School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia; Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Electronic address:

Crude soluble antigen (CSA) produced from Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite is conventionally used for serodiagnosis of invasive amoebiasis. However, high background seropositivities by CSA-assay in endemic areas complicate the interpretation of positive result in clinical settings. Instead, incorporating a second assay which indicates active or recent infection into the routine amoebic serology could possibly complement the limitations of CSA-assay. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Mex 2017 Oct - Dec;82(4):344-348. Epub 2017 Apr 21.

Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, México.

J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2017 Jan-Mar;33(1):125-126

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2017 04;75(2):231-232

Service de parasitologie-mycologie-médecine tropicale, CHU de Tours, Tours, France.

JMM Case Rep 2016 Jun 10;3(3):e005032. Epub 2016 Jun 10.

Clinical and Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

Introduction: Amoebiasis is the third most frequent cause of mortality after malaria and schistosomiasis. In developed countries, amebiasis is also seen in migrants who have travelled to endemic areas. The factors responsible for its progression from intestinal amebiasis to an amebic liver abscess are not fully understood. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2016 Jul-Sep;5(3):722-724

Department of General Surgery, SRM Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Liver abscess is mostly either pyogenic or amebic. Fungal and mycobacterial liver abscesses are rare and mostly associated with immunosuppression. The occurrence of fungal liver abscess with hydatid cyst was never reported previously. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2017 Jan;23(2):357-365

Gregorio González-Alcaide, Department of History of Science and Documentation, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Aim: To analyze the research activity on liver abscess (LA) and identify the main topic clusters in the area.

Methods: We identified all documents using the medical subject heading "LA" indexed in the MEDLINE database between 2001 and 2015. We performed a descriptive bibliometric analysis, characterizing the evolution of scientific activity, the publication types of the documents, the document categories of clinical interest (case reports, clinical trials, evaluation studies, meta-analysis, observational studies, practice guidelines and validation studies) and the geographic distribution of the research. Read More

Med J Malaysia 2016 12;71(6):341-345

Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Introduction: Amoebiasis is a parasitic disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica that may lead to death in developing countries. Few important risk factors have been identified in the development of amoebic liver abscess (ALA). There are limited reports that suggest an association between antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) particularly class II antigens and ALA development. Read More

J Med Chem 2017 02 27;60(3):899-912. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Avenida Universidad 3000, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.

Three water-soluble Ru(II) chiral heteroleptic coordination compounds [Ru(en)(pdto)]Cl (1), [Ru(gly)(pdto)]Cl (2), and [Ru(acac)(pdto)]Cl (3), where pdto = 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis-(sulfanediyl-2,1-ethanediyl)]dipyridine, en = ethylendiamine, gly = glycinate, and acac = acetylacetonate, have been synthezised and fully characterized. The crystal structures of compounds 1-3 are described. The IC values for compounds 1-3 are within nanomolar range (14, 12, and 6 nM, respectively). Read More

Parasit Vectors 2017 01 7;10(1):14. Epub 2017 Jan 7.

International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: Since 1985, amoebic liver abscess (ALA) has been a public health problem in northern Sri Lanka. Clinicians arrive at a diagnosis based on clinical and ultrasonographic findings, which cannot differentiate pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) from ALA. As the treatment and outcome of the ALA and PLA differs, determining the etiological agent is crucial. Read More

Med Dosw Mikrobiol 2017 ;69(1):35-41

Amebiasis is a widespread parasitic infection caused by the human-specific protozoan Entamoeba histolytica (E.- histolytica). Tropical and subtropical regions with poor socioeconomic and sanitary conditions belong to endemic areas. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2016 Dec 8;16(1):741. Epub 2016 Dec 8.

Division of Parasitology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka.

Background: Amoebic liver abscess is the most common extra intestinal manifestation of amoebiasis in tropical countries. It usually presents with right hypochondrial pain, fever and anorexia. Amoebic liver abscess has gained clinical significance due to the wide variety of clinical presentations which can cause diagnostic dilemmas and high mortality in untreated cases. Read More

Mol Microbiol 2016 12 20;102(6):1043-1061. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

Department of Biological Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amoebic colitis and liver abscess in human, ingests the intestinal bacteria and variety of host cells. Phagocytosis of bacteria by the amebic trophozoite has been reported to be important for the virulence of the parasite. Here, we set out to characterize different stages of phagocytosis of type 1 E. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2016 Oct 18;9(1):472. Epub 2016 Oct 18.

Institute for Tropical Diseases, Harbour Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Amebic liver abscess is a rare disease in high-income countries. Recurrence of amebic liver abscess is even rarer with only a few previous reports. Here we present a patient who developed three subsequent amebic liver abscesses over a sixteen-year period. Read More

Parasitol Int 2016 Dec 5;65(6 Pt A):665-667. Epub 2016 Sep 5.

Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, México CP 07360, Mexico. Electronic address:

The parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal amebiasis and amebic liver abscess as its main extraintestinal manifestation. To study the in vivo events related to inflammation and the interactions between hosts and parasites during amebiasis, we designed a novel model of host-parasite interactions using cellulose membrane dialysis bags containing E. histolytica trophozoites. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2016 08 30;12(8):e1005853. Epub 2016 Aug 30.

Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.

We here compared pathogenic (p) and non-pathogenic (np) isolates of Entamoeba histolytica to identify molecules involved in the ability of this parasite to induce amoebic liver abscess (ALA)-like lesions in two rodent models for the disease. We performed a comprehensive analysis of 12 clones (A1-A12) derived from a non-pathogenic isolate HM-1:IMSS-A and 12 clones (B1-B12) derived from a pathogenic isolate HM-1:IMSS-B. "Non-pathogenicity" included the induction of small and quickly resolved lesions while "pathogenicity" comprised larger abscess development that overstayed day 7 post infection. Read More

J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2016 Jul-Sep;4(3):2324709616660576. Epub 2016 Aug 3.

Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Pyogenic liver abscesses are rare with an incidence of 0.5% to 0.8% and are mostly due to hepatobiliary causes (40% to 60%). Read More

Curr Trop Med Rep 2016;3:71-74. Epub 2016 Jun 30.

Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA USA.

the etiological agent of amebiasis, is a significant cause of pediatric diarrhea in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The clinical outcome of an exposure varies enormously and can present as diarrhea, dysentery, or amebic liver abscess. Host and parasite factors likely contribute to the outcome of infection with the parasite, but do not explain the wide variation in presentation of disease. Read More

Intern Med 2016 15;55(16):2307-10. Epub 2016 Aug 15.

Department of Infectious Disease, Osaka City General Hospital, Japan.

Solitary small (<5 cm) amoebic liver abscesses in the right lobe are generally treated using medication alone, while large abscesses are typically treated via a combination of medication and drainage. However, the therapeutic indications for multiple medium (5-10 cm) amoebic liver abscesses remain unclear. We herein report the findings of a 53-year-old woman who was receiving lenalidomide for multiple myeloma and subsequently developed multiple amoebic abscesses. Read More

Trop Gastroenterol 2015 Oct-Dec;36(4):251-5

Background: Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is a common and serious problem in our country. There are only a few controlled trials on the efficacy and advantages of combination therapy with percutaneous needle aspiration and pharmacotherapy, over pharmacotherapy alone for amebic liver abscess.

Material And Methods: This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of two different treatment modalities i. Read More

Case Rep Pulmonol 2016 10;2016:8709347. Epub 2016 Jul 10.

Istishari Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Amman 11183, Jordan.

Amebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. While most infections are asymptomatic, the disease could manifest clinically as amebic dysentery and/or extraintestinal invasion in the form of amebic liver abscess or other more rare manifestations such as pulmonary, cardiac, or brain involvement. Herein we are reporting a case of a 24-year-old male with history of Down syndrome who presented with severe right side pneumonia complicated with multicystic empyema resistant to regular medical therapy. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2016 Oct 25;169:90-101. Epub 2016 Jul 25.

Laboratorio de Morfología, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de ciencias básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Mexico.

The parasympathetic nervous system has a crucial role in immunomodulation of the vagus nerve, its structure provides a pathogen detection system, and a negative feedback to the immune system after the pathogenic agent has been eliminated. Amebiasis is a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica, considered the third leading cause of death in the world. The rats are used as a natural resistance model to amoebic liver infection. Read More

J Emerg Med 2016 Sep 16;51(3):e57-8. Epub 2016 Jul 16.

Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas at Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas.

Indian J Gastroenterol 2016 May;35(3):248-9

Department of Pediatrics, Choithram Hospital and Research Centre, 14, Manik Bagh Road, Indore, 452 014, India.