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Clin Exp Optom 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Aniseikonia is a difference in the perceived size or shape of images between eyes, and can arise from a variety of physiological, neurological, retinal, and optical causes. Aniseikonia is associated with anisometropia, as both anisometropia itself and the optical correction for anisometropia can cause aniseikonia. Image size differences above one to three per cent can be clinically symptomatic. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of oral fluoxetine therapy in improving the visual function of amblyopic patients aged between 10 and 40 years old.

Methods: In this double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial (IRCT2016052428046N1; registered retrospectively), 40 eligible participants with anisometropic or mixed amblyopia were randomly assigned to either fluoxetine or placebo groups. Participants with anisometropia and logMAR best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) worse than 0. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e025441. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence rate of amblyopia and strabismus in Chinese Hani ethnic school-aged children.

Methods: All grade 1 and grade 7 students in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, located in southwest China, were invited for comprehensive eye examinations performed by experienced ophthalmologists and optometrists, including visual acuity, ocular alignment and movements, cycloplegic autorefraction, anterior segment and fundus examinations. Standard definitions of amblyopia and strabismus were applied to calculate their prevalence rate. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Jan 28;9(1):e024869. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Purpose: To understand how we might improve the provision of medical care for children with cataracts.

Design: A phenomenological design was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to capture rich descriptions of the phenomena. Read More

Harefuah 2019 Feb;158(2):115-120

Department of Ophthalmology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa.

Introduction: "Childhood glaucoma" is a heterogenic group of diseases, characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with optic-disc damage and other ocular comorbidities. Diagnosis requires two or more of the following: elevated IOP, optic nerve damage, enlarged cornea or Descemet's membrane ruptures, enlarged eye, high myopia and visual field defects. Childhood glaucoma is classified as primary if it occurs as an isolated ocular disease, and secondary, when the disease occurs along with other ocular anomalies or systemic diseases such as Neurofibromatosis and Sturge-Weber, or with acquired conditions such as uveitis complications, ocular trauma, cataract surgery, as well as from systemic and ocular steroid use. Read More

Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2019 03;39(2):66-85

School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, USA.

Purpose: Stereoscopic vision (or stereopsis) is the ability to perceive depth from binocular disparity - the difference of viewpoints between the two eyes. Interestingly, there are large individual differences as to how well one can appreciate depth from such a cue. The total absence of stereoscopic vision, called 'stereoblindness', has been associated with negative behavioural outcomes such as poor distance estimation. Read More

J AAPOS 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Center for Injury Research and Prevention, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Electronic address:

This retrospective cohort study investigated whether unilateral vision impairment (UVI) or amblyopia are associated with driver licensing and crash risk among adolescents. Electronic health records for New Jersey residents who were patients with the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's healthcare network were linked to statewide driver licensing and crash data. We compared young adults with a diagnosis of UVI and/or amblyopia to peers without such a diagnosis. Read More

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2018 Jul-Dec;25(3-4):156-160

Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background/aims: To evaluate the refractive status, axial length, and prevalence of amblyopia among Saudi children with unilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (UCNLDO) compared to the unaffected fellow eye.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for children with UCNLDO at two eye institutes in Eastern Saudi Arabia from 2009 to 2015. The outcomes of syringing determined UNCLDO. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Augenklinik, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Schweiz.

Background: Evaluation and comparison of the ocular phenotype in patients diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Analysis of ocular complications during follow-up.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with TSC who had received an ocular examination at the eye clinic of the University Hospital Zurich. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Importance: Deficits in fine motor skills and slow reading speed have been reported in school-aged children and adults with amblyopia. These deficits were correlated with lower self-perception of athletic and cognitive competence. Although perceived competence and social acceptance are key determinants of developing self-perception in young children, the association of amblyopia with self-perception and the association of altered self-perception with fine motor skills to date have not been reported for young children aged 3 to 7 years. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 8;19(1):47. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Health Services Research, University of Liverpool, Waterhouse Building Block B, 2nd Floor, 1-3 Brownlow Street, L69 3GL, Liverpool, UK.

Background: Core Outcome Sets (COS) are defined as the minimum sets of outcomes that should be measured and reported in all randomised controlled trials to facilitate combination and comparability of research. The aim of this review is to produce an item bank of previously reported outcome measures from published studies in amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders to initiate the development of COS.

Methods: A review was conducted to identify articles reporting outcome measures for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2019 10;2019:2097087. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Purpose: Several studies have indicated morphological changes in the choroid in amblyopia cases. This study investigates whether choroidal vasculature was different among amblyopic and fellow eyes in unilateral amblyopia patients and healthy eyes, using en face images acquired via swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Design: Prospective, observational case-control study. Read More

Curr Treat Options Neurol 2019 Feb 7;21(1). Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Purpose Of Review: Nutritional optic neuropathy is a potential cause of severe visual loss; however, appropriate and timely management can result in excellent visual outcomes. The purpose of this review is to outline our current understanding of the treatment and outcomes for nutritional optic neuropathy.

Recent Findings: Current understanding of nutritional optic neuropathy has been greatly aided by some well-reported and investigated epidemics of the condition, most notably the Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy of the early 1990s. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2019 Mar-Apr;82(2):141-148. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Çerkezköy State Hospital, Tekirdağ, Turkey.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the body mass index and vitamin and mineral status of children with and without amblyopia.

Methods: Amblyopic children aged between 5 and 18 years (n=46) and age-matched control children (n=32) were evaluated in terms of anthropometric parameters, including height, weight, body mass index and demographic features. Serum vitamin B12 and folate were measured using an Advia Centaur XP (Siemens, Ireland) biochemistry analyzer. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 4:1120672119826478. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

1 Ophthalmology Department, Amiens Picardie University Hospital Center, Amiens, France.

Introduction:: The persistent fetal vasculature refers to congenital anomalies of the globe resulting from the abnormal persistence of the hyaloid vascular system. It can present as anterior, posterior, or combined form. The aim of this study was to report the visual outcomes of posterior and combined forms of persistent fetal vasculature. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to provide an update on current management and recent research for amblyopia treatment. Part I will review patching, atropine penalization, and pharmacological treatments. Part II will focus on perceptual learning, video gaming, and binocular dichoptic approaches. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

IInd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki "Papageorpiou" Hospital, N.Efkarpia, 56429, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Purpose: Log-scaled crowded charts using standardized testing protocol are essential for precise and reproducible visual acuity (VA) testing regarding amblyopia. Despite common acceptance of these standards, current VA testing clinical practice shows considerable diversity. The purpose of this retrospective literature review was to investigate the methodology of VA measurement and reporting in pediatric ophthalmology literature regarding amblyopia. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb;67(2):204-208

Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.

Purpose: To analyze applications for blindness certificates to find causes of visual impairment (VI), handicap, and blindness in a tertiary hospital of Bihar.

Methods: Applications for blindness certificates were analyzed over a two-year period. The main cause of blindness, visual handicap, and VI in these applications was ascertained by age group and etiology. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 20. Epub 2019 Jan 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Importance: The association between visual deficits and attention disorders has been reported but remains unproven.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with amblyopia.

Design: Population-based, cohort study. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Augenklinik, Kantonsspital Sankt Gallen Klinik für Augenheilkunde, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Background: Pediatric vision screening has been shown to reduce the prevalence of amblyopia. To assess the current local situation in the Canton of St. Gallen, a survey study was performed. Read More

Vision Res 2019 Jan 22;156:10-16. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy; Optics and Optometry Research Center, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy.

Eye charts are typically optimized to assess visual acuity (VA) with constant and controlled spacing, while close-to-acuity crowding limits letter identification in the normal fovea when adjacent letters are closely spaced. Here we developed a clinical tool that enables the assessment of acuity with different levels of crowding. In a cross-sectional study, we examined the developmental trajectories with our newly devised Milan Eye Chart (MEC). Read More

Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;8(4):237-242

Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

In this review, the authors present special considerations a vitreoretinal surgeon should take into account before embarking on surgery in a pediatric eye. First, the anatomy of a pediatric eye is different from an adult and changes as the child grows. This is important especially in relation to the placement of transconjunctival ports. Read More

Vision Res 2019 Jan 23;156:28-38. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address:

Previous studies have reported compromised reading ability in children with amblyopia. Standardized psychoeducational test norms have not been used; therefore, the practical consequences of poor reading ability, such as eligibility for reading supports at school, have not been assessed. Furthermore, several studies have used atypical reading conditions such as monocular or distant viewing. Read More

Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2019 01;39(1):53-62

Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, USA.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate a binocular function score that is based on common clinical measures of visual function, providing a more complete analysis of binocular outcomes, against laboratory-based dichoptic tests of threshold stereoacuity and depth of suppression.

Methods: Scores on a composite binocular function (BF) score derived from clinical stereoacuity measures (Randot Preschool Stereoacuity Test and Randot Butterfly) and the Worth 4 Dot test were determined in adults (n = 20; age 24.8 ± 7. Read More

Transl Vis Sci Technol 2018 Nov 28;7(6):43. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.

Purpose: We assessed the frequency of spectacle wear and impact of spectacle treatment in toddlers.

Methods: Children 12 to <36 months old with significant refractive error were provided spectacles. After 12 (±6) weeks, parents reported the frequency of spectacle wear and completed the Amblyopia Treatment Index (ATI, modified for spectacle treatment). Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Jan 28;42(1):57-62. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Mohamed VI, avenue Ibn Sina, BP2360 Principal, Marrakech, Maroc.

The goal of our work is to analyze the clinical aspects, study the change in intraocular pressure and functional prognosis after trabeculectomy and amblyopia treatment of children followed for congenital glaucoma. The present study is a retrospective study including 86 patients (143 eyes) followed over a period from March 2009 to September 2015. The median age at diagnosis was 6 months. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 22;2018:2394562. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan.

We aimed to examine visual acuity improvement effect and adherence in amblyopia training using tablet type vision training equipment (Occlu-pad). The subjects were 138 patients with amblyopia (average age of 5.5 ± 1. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;32(4):290-294. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of amblyopia among medical students in Saudi Arabia, and investigate the impact of amblyopia on their Academic performance.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which targeted 478 of male medical students from the College of Medicine at King Khalid University. A questionnaire was used to investigate the demographics of participants. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;32(4):275-279. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To determine the effects of experimentally induced graded monocular and binocular astigmatism on near Stereoacuity in healthy adults.

Method: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on 60 healthy adults ranging between 19 and 33 years of age recruited from College of Applied Medical Sciences. All subjects were emmetropic with normal binocular single vision, and stereoacuity of 40 sec of arc. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2018 ;1085:157-158

Jonas Children's Vision Care, Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative-Departments of Ophthalmology, Biomedical Engineering, Pathology & Cell Biology, Institute of Human Nutrition, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) results from a total absence of functional bestrophin-1 protein owing to two BEST1 mutations, one on each of the chromosomes. If present at an early age, the presenting feature could be decreased vision due to amblyopia. Refractive error is hyperopia, predisposing these eyes for acute angle-closure glaucoma. Read More

Strabismus 2018 Dec 20:1-5. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

a Aravind Eye Hospital Coimbatore, Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus , Aravind eye Hospital , Coimbatore.

Introduction: We report a case of inferior oblique (IO) muscle adherence with fat adherence, which developed following unilateral IO anteriorization (IOAT).

Methods: A 14-year-old child with V pattern left exotropia, bilateral IO overaction, bilateral dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and strabismic amblyopia (OS) underwent recess/resect procedure along with IOAT. He developed consecutive esotropia and drooping of upper eyelid with marked limitation of levoelevation (-4). Read More

J Curr Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 27;30(4):343-347. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate two psychophysical contrast sensitivity testing methods in amblyopic patients.

Methods: Thirty-three adults with anisometropic amblyopia participated in this study. Psychophysical contrast sensitivity was measured for both amblyopic and fellow eyes of the participants at 1, 3, and 5 cycles per degree (cpd) spatial frequencies by Freiburg visual acuity and contrast test (FrACT) and Metrovision contrast sensitivity test, which employ sine-wave gratings for measurement of contrast sensitivity. Read More

Int J Retina Vitreous 2018 30;4:45. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, 850 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disease caused by loss of expression of the paternally inherited copy of several genes on the long arm of chromosome 15. Ophthalmic manifestations of PWS include strabismus, amblyopia, nystagmus, hypopigmentation of the iris and choroid, diabetic retinopathy, cataract and congenital ectropion uvea. An overlap between PWS and oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) has long been recognized and attributed to deletion of OCA2 gene located in PWS critical region (PWCR). Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Purpose: To assess Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) without performing a peripheral iridotomy (PI) prior to or during surgery ("PI-less DMEK").

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients that underwent PI-less DMEK by a single surgeon (E.L) between February 2016 and February 2017 at the Rabin Medical Center, a Tertiary Hospital. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 7;53(6):609-613. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

McGill Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montreal, Que. Electronic address:

Objective: Both genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of strabismus and subsequent ocular dominance and amblyopia. Our purpose was to compare the characteristics of sensory visual function in 2 adult monozygotic (genetically identical) twins who presented with esotropia at different ages.

Methods: Monocular and binocular visual function was measured in the twins. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 7;53(6):560-567. Epub 2018 Apr 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Alainy Hospital, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.. Electronic address:

Objective: We compare the predictability, safety, and efficacy of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (PCpIOL) versus small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for correcting myopic anisometropia in amblyopic children.

Methods: A prospective randomized study enrolled 30 children, aged 4-12 years, with unilateral myopic anisometropic amblyopia whose refraction ranged between -5 and -10 diopters (D) and myopic astigmatic error -1 to -6 D. Patients were subdivided into group A for unilateral PCpIOL implantation and implantable collamer lens (Visian ICL/TICL) of V4C design and group B for SMILE procedure. Read More

Curr Opin Neurol 2019 Feb;32(1):75-81

Departments of Ophthalmology and Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To review the recent advances in understanding how primary brain tumors affect vision in children.

Recent Findings: Children with primary brain tumors may have vision loss due to involvement of their afferent visual pathways or from papilledema. These vision deficits may go unrecognized until later in life, years after treatment of the primary lesion. Read More

Semin Ophthalmol 2019 5;34(1):52-58. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

a Department of Ophthalmology , Inonu University School of Medicine , Malatya , Turkey.

Purpose: To describe the clinical features of patients with Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and evaluate the outcomes of surgical approaches based on the characteristics of each patient.

Methods: The records of 38 Caucasian subjects with DRS were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were classified as type I, II, or III based on the Huber Classification. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2018 29;2018:2534042. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.

Purpose: Iris mammillations are related to oculodermal melanosis and iris nevi. We report a rare case of bilateral simple iris mammillations without ocular melanosis or systemic neuronal disorders.

Case Report: A healthy 10-year-old Japanese girl was found incidentally to have bilateral iris mammillations while being treated for amblyopia. Read More

Singapore Med J 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Paediatric Ophthalmology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Introduction: Amblyopia treatment in the form of glasses and/or patching in children poses a great challenge to parents. This study aimed to assess the factors that influence visual outcome in amblyopia and children's perception towards treatment.

Methods: 180 children (aged 3. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Nov;59(14):DES29-DES35

Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Dry eye (DE) causes irregularity of the ocular surface and reduces the quality of vision. An intact, regular tear film is essential for high-quality retinal images; however, visual tasks requiring sustained gazing can disrupt the tear film, eventually degrading visual function. A functional visual acuity (FVA) measurement system has been uniquely developed in Japan to evaluate visual function related to tear stability in patients with DE. Read More

Int J Pharm 2019 Jan 19;555:184-197. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States. Electronic address:

Blocking a selected wavelength range from the light spectrum can have multiple benefits. Ultra-violet (UV) radiation is detrimental to the retina, necessitating its blocking through sunglasses and contact lenses. The near-visible light also has enough energy to cause damage but, is typically not blocked by commercial lenses. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 21;18(1):302. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, 386 Ta-Chung 1st RD, Kaohsiung, 81346, Taiwan.

Background: Amblyopia is a main concern in children undergoing frontalis sling surgery for repairing congenital ptosis. This study aimed to evaluate factors related to amblyopia in children undergoing frontalis sling surgery.

Methods: IRB-approved retrospective review of children under the age of 12 who received frontalis sling surgery. Read More

J AAPOS 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address:

In monozygotic twins two embryos are formed from a single fertilized egg. In "mirror image twins" identical siblings have reverse asymmetric features in the right and left sides of the body. We report the case of twins with mirror-image hypermetropic anisometropia. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Nov;59(13):5462-5472

School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Purpose: Suppression in amblyopia may be an unequal form of normal interocular suppression or a distinct pathophysiology. To explore this issue, we examined the orientation tuning and contrast dependence of continuous flash suppression (CFS) in adults with amblyopia and visually normal controls.

Methods: Nine patients (mean age, 26. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Importance: Reading and eye-hand coordination deficits in children with amblyopia may impede their ability to demonstrate their knowledge and skills, compete in sports and physical activities, and interact with peers. Because perceived scholastic, social, and athletic competence are key determinants of self-esteem in school-aged children, these deficits may influence a child's self-perception.

Objective: To determine whether amblyopia is associated with lowered self-perception of competence, appearance, conduct, and global self-worth and whether the self-perception of children with amblyopia is associated with their performance of reading and eye-hand tasks. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Stein Eye Institute, Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles.

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2018 Dec 30;12:97-100. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.

Purpose: We report a case of cataract surgery in a patient with a detectable angle gamma due to macular heterotopia.

Observation: A 48-year-old man had angle gamma due to macular heterotopia secondary to retinopathy of prematurity. The preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 20/32 in the right eye and 20/200 in the left eye. Read More