Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

PLoS One 2022 24;17(6):e0270361. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Eye Clinic Sulzbach, Knappschaft Hospital Saar, Sulzbach, Saarland, Germany.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate an electronic glasses frame for smart liquid crystal shutter glasses that monitors wearing and occlusion times to potentially improve therapy adherence in amblyopia therapy of children.

Methods: The first generation of an electronic glasses frame for adults was further developed, miniaturized and functionally tested in a proof of concept study on a small group of healthy children. Seven healthy children (4 females, 3 males, 2-9 years) were enrolled in the study. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2022 Jul;48(7):863

A 62-year-old woman with stable unilateral glaucoma in the left eye presented for a cataract consultation. In 2010, laser peripheral iridotomies (LPI) were performed on both eyes by a different provider. Her postoperative course was complicated by a recalcitrant steroid response with a highest intraocular pressure (IOP) of 65 mm Hg in the left eye. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Retina Foundation of the Southwest, 9600 North Central Expressway, Suite 200, Dallas, TX 75231; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390.

Purpose: Standard-of-care assessment for children with amblyopia includes measuring amblyopic eye best-corrected visual acuity (AE BCVA) with the fellow eye occluded. By definition, this abolishes the interocular suppression fundamental to amblyopia. Thus, measured AE BCVA may not accurately represent that eye's contribution to natural binocular viewing. Read More

J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil 2022 Jun 23:1-8. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

IWK Eye Clinic, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Purpose: The recommended amount of occlusion therapy and amblyopia treatment success rates remains controversial. This study explores rates of occlusion therapy success and attempts to address limitations of previous literature.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with occlusion therapy outcomes from 2012 to 2019. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2021 Dec;60(4):683-694

1Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.

Strabismus is a common disorder in which eyes are not aligned with their optical axis, resulting in an abnormal binocular interaction, thus leading to amblyopia. Accordingly, early detection and diagnosis are mandatory. Despite technology development and constant knowledge growth, the foundations of physiology and the diagnosis of strabismus were set back in the 19 or early 20 century and have not changed since. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 20;12(1):10311. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.

Dichoptic therapy is a promising method for improving vision in pediatric and adult patients with amblyopia. However, a systematic understanding about changes in specific visual functions and substantial variation of effect among patients is lacking. Utilizing a novel stereoscopic augmented-reality based training program, 24 pediatric and 18 adult patients were trained for 20 h along a three-month time course with a one-month post-training follow-up for pediatric patients. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 20;22(1):269. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital Peking University Peadatriac Visions Research Center, No.8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.

Objectives: To observe and compare the difference in retinal perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between anisometropic amblyopia in children and fellow eyes as well as age-matched controls.

Methods: A total of 16 children with anisometropic amblyopia and 19 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. All participants underwent OCTA examination, with 3 mm × 3 mm and 6 mm × 6 mm scans in the macular region. Read More

Front Neurosci 2022 2;16:879253. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.

Objective: Earlier research has determined that amblyopia or strabismus may cause remarkable brain anatomical and functional variations. Nonetheless, thus far, the spontaneous changes in brain activity in children with strabismus amblyopia (SA) remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between abnormal brain activity in children with SA and its behavioral manifestations. Read More

Cereb Cortex 2022 Jun;32(12):2657-2667

Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.

Development and maturation in cortical networks depend on neuronal activity. For stabilization and pruning of connections, synchronized oscillations play a crucial role. A fundamental mechanism that enables coordinated activity during brain functioning is formed of synchronized neuronal oscillations in low- (delta and theta) and high- (gamma) frequency bands. Read More

Beyoglu Eye J 2022 27;7(2):95-102. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to investigate the inter and intraocular differences in posterior pole asymmetry analysis (PPAA) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in anisometropia, to examine the relationship between the presence of anisometropia and amblyopia and retinal thickness.

Methods: Patients between ages of 5 and 16 years with anisometropia who applied to our clinic were included in the study. Macular retinal thickness measurements were evaluated by PPAA using the posterior pole algorithm of the spectral domain-OCT device. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022 Jun;58(6):441-447

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Möbius syndrome (MBS) and to explore likely pathogenic genes. Cross-sectional study. The study enrolled 18 sporadic MBS patients who visited the Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2018 to December 2021. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 11;12(1):9660. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.

Long-term and chronic visual suppression to the non-preferred eye in early childhood is a key factor in developing amblyopia, as well as a critical barrier to treat amblyopia. To explore the relationship between selective visual attention and amblyopic suppression and its role in the success of amblyopic training, we used EEG source-imaging to show that training human adults with strabismic and anisometropic amblyopia with dichoptic attention tasks improved attentional modulation of neural populations in the primary visual cortex (V1) and intraparietal sulcus (IPS). We also used psychophysics to show that training reduced interocular suppression along with visual acuity and stereoacuity improvements. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 9:11206721221106135. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 9311Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Purpose: to explore the potential consequences of the COVID-19 lockdown on the prevalence of myopia among Italian children aged 5-12 years.

Materials And Methods: retrospective multicenter study conducted in Italy. Population: children aged 5-12. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022 Jun;63(6)

School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Purpose: We aimed to study the effect of stimulus contrast on the orientation selectivity of interocular interaction in amblyopia using a dichoptic masking paradigm.

Methods: Eight adults with anisometropic or mixed amblyopia and 10 control adults participated in our study. The contrast threshold in discriminating a target Gabor in the tested eye was measured with mean luminance in the untested eye, as well as with a bandpass oriented filtered noise in the other eye at low spatial frequency (0. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 7;22(1):253. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Group of Applied Clinical Neurosciences and Advanced Data Analysis, Department of Medicine, Dermatology and Toxicology, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.

Background: Interest in developing alternative methods for the treatment of amblyopia has long been a topic of interest among clinicians and researchers, as prescribed occlusion and penalization therapies do not always provide an effective response and are associated with a high risk of recurrence and non-compliance. Here, we present the protocol of a small-scale RCT to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of a novel VR-based system designed to provide binocular vision training to children with anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods: We aim to recruit a total of 60 children with anisometropic amblyopia aged 5-17 years with no previous treatment for amblyopia other than refractive correction from the pediatric ophthalmology units of the University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid and the Vithas Medimar International Hospital of Alicante. Read More

Semin Ophthalmol 2022 Jun 6:1-8. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Group of Optics and Visual Perception, Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.

Objective: Strabismic amblyopia is a motor and sensory deficit produced by unilateral constant strabismus and binocular imbalance. The aim of this study was to analyse the retinal fixation pattern using microperimetry in subjects with strabismus with and without amblyopia associated, and to compare the results with those obtained in normal subjects.

Methods: Prospective comparative study conducted at the Optometric Clinic of the University of Valencia and Oftalvist Alicante (Spain) including 46 eyes with ages from 3 to 16 years. Read More

Front Hum Neurosci 2022 18;16:862703. Epub 2022 May 18.

Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Our previous study has shown impaired blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)/functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation of the visual attention network in strabismic amblyopia (SA). However, there has been no comparison of resting state fMRI activation and functional connectivity (FC) in brain regions of interest (ROIs) along the visual attention network including visual cortex (V1), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and frontal eye fields (FEFs) during closed eye resting across the SA ( = 20, 13LE), or anisometropic amblyopes (AA) ( = 20, 13LE) groups. Hence, we compared, gray matter volume (GMV), amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFFs), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and FC in the left and right hemisphere ROIs of the visual attention network in SA, AA, and healthy controls (HCs) ( = 21). Read More

Neural Regen Res 2022 Dec;17(12):2557-2562

Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México.

Random noise stimulation technique involves applying any form of energy (for instance, light, mechanical, electrical, sound) with unpredictable intensities through time to the brain or sensory receptors to enhance sensory, motor, or cognitive functions. Random noise stimulation initially employed mechanical noise in auditory and cutaneous stimuli, but electrical energies applied to the brain or the skin are becoming more frequent, with a series of clinical applications. Indeed, recent evidence shows that transcranial random noise stimulation can increase corticospinal excitability, improve cognitive/motor performance, and produce beneficial aftereffects at the behavioral and psychological levels. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2043-2049

Department of Ophthalmology, Hitit University Faculty of Medicine, Çorum, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate the choroidal vascularity index (CVI) and morphological features of the choroid in anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 39 patients with unilateral anisometropic amblyopic patients and 33 eyes of 33 healthy control participants were involved. These participants were examined in terms of axial length (AL), spherical equivalent (SE), central macular thickness (CMT), choroidal thickness (CT), total choroidal area (TCA), luminal area (LA), stromal area (SA), LA/SA ratio, and CVI. Read More

J Med Life 2022 Apr;15(4):499-503

Department of Ophthalmology, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Amblyopia is an acquired defect due to a lack of visual stimulation. Self-efficacy is one of the factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) of individuals. Low self-efficacy can decrease cognitive and behavioral functioning, whereas increased self-efficacy leads to a change in treatment acceptance behavior and, subsequently, physical and mental health. Read More

J Curr Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Mar;34(1):1-15. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To determine the global prevalence and common causes of visual impairment (VI) and blindness in children.

Methods: In this meta-analysis, a structured search strategy was applied to search electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, as well as the list of references in the selected articles to identify all population-based cross-sectional studies that concerned the prevalence of VI and blindness in populations under 20 years of age up to January 2018, regardless of the publication date and language, gender, region of residence, or race. VI was reported based on presenting visual acuity (PVA), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of equal to 20/60 or worse in the better eye. Read More

J Curr Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Mar;34(1):124-127. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of anaglyphic three-dimensional movies to treat adults with anisometropic or strabismic amblyopia.

Methods: This is an interventional case series. The seven cases were put on a trial frame containing subjective refraction, fogging plus lenses for the dominant eye, correcting prism, and anaglyphic red-cyan plastic spectacles. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 25;12(1):8840. Epub 2022 May 25.

Ophthalmology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Aim of the study was to assess: (a) the prevalence and type of strabismus, ptosis and eyelid dynamic disorders features, (b) the prevalence of refractive errors, amblyopia and, (c) their association with ocular/systemic syndromes in a cohort of patients. This is a retrospective observational multicenter cohort study. Patients with coexisting ocular motility disorders, comitant and incomitant strabismus, ptosis and dynamic eyelid disorders who have never undergone surgery were enrolled throughout a 3-years a study period. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 05 24;12(5):e051423. Epub 2022 May 24.

School of Optometry, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Introduction: Treatments for amblyopia, the most common vision deficit in children, often have suboptimal results. Occlusion/atropine blurring are fraught with poor adherence, regression and recurrence. These interventions target only the amblyopic eye, failing to address imbalances of cortical input from the two eyes ('suppression'). Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2022 May 25. Epub 2022 May 25.

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Beijing Chongnei Street, Beijing, 100005, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the clinical effect of the RGP contact lens in improving vision and controlling myopia progression of the unilateral high myopic children.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis case series study, we analyzed the clinical data for 23 subjects with unilateral high myopic children under 6 years old, with the spherical equivalent refractive error of the myopic eye from -5.0 D to -12. Read More

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2022 May 25:1-6. Epub 2022 May 25.

Purpose: To analyze the outcomes of an early ophthalmological intervention in children included in the pilot project of the "Rastreio de Saúde Visual Infantil" (RSVI) visual screening program in Portugal.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of the medical records of all children included in the RSVI from April 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016, and who were referred to an ophthalmology appointment. Data of refractive errors, anisometropia, amblyopia, instituted treatments, and visual acuity at the end of the ophthalmological intervention were collected. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2022 ;64(2):341-349

Department of Ophthalmology, Sakarya University Medical Education and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey.

Background: To evaluate non-ocular risk factors including family history, febrile seizure, history of trauma, neurological diseases, and prematurity in Turkish children with strabismus and amblyopia.

Methods: The records of patients diagnosed with strabismus and/or amblyopia below 18 years old, were recruited. The current mean age, sex, types and subtypes of strabismus and amblyopia, family history, history of trauma, and febrile seizure were investigated. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 May 24;22(1):305. Epub 2022 May 24.

Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.

Background: A thorough examination (especially those including visual functional evaluation) is very important in children's eye-development during clinical practice, when they encountered with unusual excessive hyperopia especially accompanied with other possible complications. Genetic testing would be beneficial for early differential diagnosis as blood sampling is more convenient than all other structural imaging capture tests or functional tests which need children to cooperate well. Thus genetic testing helps us to filter other possible multi-systemic diseases in children patients with eye disorder. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 4;10:819998. Epub 2022 May 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, China.

Epidemiological data about the prevalence of amblyopia around the world vary widely among regions and periods. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the global prevalence of amblyopia in children. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for prevalence studies published up to 5 November 2021. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2022 18;15(5):800-806. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China.

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of network-based perception learning (NBPL) and traditional training in the treatment of amblyopia children.

Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial recruited 56 participants aged 4-12y with anisometropic and/or strabismic amblyopia. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the NBPL group (=28) who received patching and NBPL for 3mo, and the control group (=28) who got 3mo of patching and traditional training. Read More