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Allergy 2020 Jul 13. Epub 2020 Jul 13.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Plató Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

The pandemic condition Coronavirus-disease (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can take asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe courses. COVID-19 affects primarily the respiratory airways leading to dry cough, fever, myalgia, headache, fatigue, and diarrhea and can end up in interstitial pneumonia and severe respiratory failure. Reports about the manifestation of various skin lesions and lesions of the vascular system in some subgroups of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients as such features outside the respiratory sphere, are rapidly emerging. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 13. Epub 2020 Jul 13.

Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada.

The advent of biologic therapies has transformed care for severe atopic disorders but their high cost poses new challenges with regards to long-term sustainability and fair allocation of resources. This article covers the basic concepts of cost-utility analyses and reviews the available literature on cost-utility of biologic drugs in atopic disorders. When used within their limits as part of a multi-dimensional assessment, economic analyses can be extremely useful to guide decision-making and prioritization of care. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 12. Epub 2020 Jul 12.

EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Background: A lower exposure to the natural environment has been hypothesized to adversely affect the human microbiome and its immunomodulatory capacity. However,the underlying effects of this hypothesis are stillnot understood. We aimed to evaluate the effect of early-life exposure to greenness and species richness on the development of allergic diseases and asthma in children. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul;75(7):1837

Allergy 2020 Jul;75(7):1835-1836

Nutritional Biology, Department of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Allergy 2020 Jul;75(7):1537-1542

Allergy 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.

Background: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are stimulated by IL-33 to increase IL-5 and IL-13 production and airway inflammation. While sex hormones regulate airway inflammation, it remained unclear if estrogen signaling through estrogen receptor-α (ER-α, Esr1) or ER-β (Esr2) increased ILC2-mediated airway inflammation. We hypothesize that estrogen signaling increases allergen-induced IL-33 release, ILC2 cytokine production, and airway inflammation. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 9. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with a dysregulation of the skin barrier and may predispose to the development of secondary allergic conditions, such as asthma. Tmem79 mice harbor mutations in the gene encoding Transmembrane Protein 79 (or Mattrin), which have previously been associated with AD. As a result of the Tmem79 gene mutation, these mice have a defective skin barrier and develop spontaneous skin inflammation. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients are often colonized with Staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcal biofilms have been reported on adult AD skin lesions. The commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis can antagonize S. aureus, although its role in AD is unclear. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Dermatology and Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Background: Skin biopsies promote our understanding of atopic dermatitis/AD pathomechanisms in infants/toddlers with early-onset AD, but are not feasible in pediatric populations. Tape-strips are an emerging, minimally-invasive alternative, but global transcriptomic profiling in early pediatric AD is lacking. We aimed to provide global lesional and non-lesional skin profiles of infants/toddlers with recent-onset, moderate-to-severe AD using tape-strips. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany.

We carefully read the recently published research letter "Is asthma protective of COVID-19?" by Carli et al. with great interest. Important topics for asthma patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic were discussed, including that until recently there was limited evidence that patients with chronic respiratory disorders are at lower risk of being infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or becoming severely ill. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS) ─also termed as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS)─ is a potentially lethal inflammatory disease associated with human herpesvirus (HHV) reactivation. DiHS/DRESS is classified within a group of syndromes named severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. SCARs are delayed type IV hypersensitivity reactions mainly characterized by T-cell activation. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 5. Epub 2020 Jul 5.

Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease encompassing several distinct sub-phenotypes with different aetiologies and treatment responses, but we are lacking markers to differentiate patient subgroups. MicroRNAs (miRNA) can regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Due to their high stability in body fluids, their easy detection, and their functional relevance in asthma, we and others have proposed extracellular miRNAs in non-invasive clinical samples as biomarkers for asthma. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 4. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Hiramatsu Clinic, Japan.

High fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, reflecting uncontrolled airway inflammation, are regarded as a risk factor for an upcoming asthma exacerbation. A previous study found that persistently high FeNO (> 40 ppb) was associated with a rapid decline in FEV1, even in controlled asthma patients, in a 3-year prospective study. However, little is known about the effect of high FeNO levels on short-term course of lung function. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 4. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A Gemelli" - IRCCS, University of the Sacred Heart. Rome, Italy.

Millions of people of all ages suffer from chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), including asthma, respiratory allergies and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. To date, although significant advances have been made in terms of treatment, end-stage CRDs still remains one of the most frequent causes of death worldwide with a death rate that has been increasing over the past few years. Lung transplantation is the only therapeutic option when other treatments fail. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Background: Investigation of preschool asthma is important since not all children outgrow their illness during this age. Data are scarce on the role of rhinovirus (RV) infections in this patient group.

Objectives: To investigate the role of RV infections in preschool asthma: (1) susceptibility factors, (2) clinical course, and (3) medium-term outcome. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

University of Salzburg, Department of Biosciences, Salzburg, Austria.

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy via the skin targets an area rich in antigen presenting cells, but can be associated with local and systemic side effect. Allergen-polysaccharide neoglycogonjugates increase immunization efficacy by targeting and activating dendritic cells via C-type lectin receptors and reduce side effects.

Objective: We investigated the immunogenicity, allergenicity and therapeutic efficacy of laminarin-ovalbumin neoglycoconjugates (LamOVA). Read More

Allergy 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.

Allergy 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Inserm UMR1152, Physiopathologie et Epidémiologie des Maladies Respiratoires, Paris, France.

Allergy 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.

Therapeutic advances using targeted biologicals and small molecule drugs have achieved significant success in the treatment of chronic allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases particularly for some patients with severe, treatment-resistant forms. This has been aided by improved identification of disease phenotypes. Despite these achievements, not all severe forms of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are successfully targeted, and current treatment options, besides allergen immunotherapy for selected allergic diseases, fail to change the disease course. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo.

Allergy 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Research director at the French NIH (INSERM) and responsible of the EPAR Department, IPLESP, INSERM and Sorbonne University, Paris, France.

The impact of climate change on the environment, biosphere and biodiversity has become more evident in the recent years. Human activities have increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO ) and other greenhouse gases. Change in climate and the correlated global warming affects the quantity, intensity and frequency of precipitation type as well as the frequency of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, thunderstorms, floods and hurricanes. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.

The "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)" outbreak was first reported in December 2019 (China). Since then, this disease has rapidly spread across the globe and in March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the outbreak was first announced, our journal has extensively focused on the clinical features, outcomes, diagnosis, immunology, and pathogenesis of COVID-19 and its infectious agent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Transylvania University Brasov, Brasov, Romania.

Allergy 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

With the worldwide spread of the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulting in declaration of a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, the SARS-CoV-2-induced Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has become one of the main challenges of our times. The high infection rate and the severe disease course led to major safety and social restriction measures worldwide. There is an urgent need of unbiased expert knowledge guiding the development of efficient treatment and prevention strategies. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.

Biologics are a promising treatment for immune-mediated diseases in which the predominant pathogenic pathway is targeted. The use of biologics therapyfor epidermal barrier function-impairingpathologiesfollows 3 strategies: tapering ofT helper (Th) 2responses; neutralization of non-type 2 pathways such as Th17; or blockade of acute phase reactions such as those driven by interleukin (IL)-6(1). Initially, the treatment of eczematous disorders focused on the Th2 response without considering the key contribution of Th17 cells. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides a common language for use worldwide as a diagnostic and classification tool for epidemiology, clinical purposes and health management. Since its first edition, the ICD has maintained a framework distributing conditions according to topography, with the result that some complex conditions, such as allergies and hypersensitivity disorders (A/H) including anaphylaxis, have been poorly represented. The change in hierarchy in ICD-11 permitted the construction of the pioneer section addressed to A/H, which may result in more accurate mortality and morbidity statistics, including more accurate accounting for mortality due to anaphylaxis, strengthen classification, terminology and definitions. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes exacerbations of asthma and preschool wheeze (PSW). However, the anti-viral and repair responses of the bronchial epithelium in children with severe therapy resistant asthma (STRA) and PSW are poorly understood.

Methods: Children with STRA (age 12 [6-16] years), PSW (age 2 [1-5] years) and non-asthmatic controls (age 7 [2-14] years) underwent bronchoscopy with endobronchial brushings and biopsies. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, "Santa Maria della Speranza" Hospital, Salerno, Italy.

Allergy 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Rhinology and Allergy, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Allergy 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

INSERM U1135, Centre d'immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

Allergy 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.

Allergy 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Immunomodulation and Vaccines Programme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.

Background: In high-income, temperate countries, IgE to allergen extracts is a risk factor for, and mediator of, allergy-related diseases (ARDs). In the tropics, positive IgE tests are also prevalent, but rarely associated with ARD. Instead, IgE responses to ubiquitous cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) on plant, insect and parasite glycoproteins, rather than to established major allergens, are dominant. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 20. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Augsburg, Germany.

Background: Atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis, AD) is characterized by disrupted skin barrier associated with elevated skin pH and skin microbiome dysbiosis, due to high Staphylococcus aureus loads, especially during flares. Since S aureus shows optimal growth at neutral pH, we investigated the longitudinal interplay between these factors and AD severity in a pilot study.

Method: Emollient (with either basic pH 8. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 20. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan city and rapidly spread globally outside China. We aimed to investigate the role of peripheral blood eosinophil (EOS) as a marker in the course of the virus infection to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and evaluation of COVID-19 patients.

Methods: 227 pneumonia patients who visited the fever clinics in Shanghai General Hospital and 97 hospitalized COVID-19 patients admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center were involved in a retrospective research study. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Nederlands Anafylaxis Netwerk - European Anaphylaxis Taskforce, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.

Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients need additional support while they experience the challenges associated with their age. They need specific training to learn the knowledge and skills required to confidently self-manage their allergies and/or asthma. Transitional care is a complex process which should address the psychological, medical, educational and vocational needs of AYA in the developmentally appropriate way. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Dermatology, Valencia University General Hospital. Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Parabens are para-hydroxybenzoic acid esters that have been used for almost 100 years as preservatives in cosmetics, drugs and foods. Sensitization to parabens was first described in the 1940s, and these compounds were subsequently included in the standard patch test batteries. Data based on weak scientific evidence have attributed parabens with carcinogenic, infertility and endocrine disruption effects. Read More

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Immunology & Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R., China.

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Allergy 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

Arerugi 2020;69(4):274-284

Arerugi 2020;69(4):271-272

Arerugi 2020;69(4):269-270

Arerugi 2020;69(4):267-268

Arerugi 2020;69(4):260-266

Gunma Children's Medical Center.

Arerugi 2020;69(4):256-259

Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University.

Arerugi 2020;69(4):250-255

Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.