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Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022 Jun 16:1-66. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Age-related diseases are associated with increased morbidity in the past few decades and the cost associated with the treatment of these age-related diseases exerts a substantial impact on social and health care expenditure. Anti-aging strategies aim to mitigate, delay and reverse aging-associated diseases, thereby improving quality of life and reducing the burden of age-related pathologies. The natural dietary antioxidant supplementation offers substantial pharmacological and therapeutic effects against various disease conditions. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Feb 12;11(4). Epub 2022 Feb 12.

Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Segovia General Hospital, 40002 Segovia, Spain.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. To date, NAFLD is the most frequent chronic liver disease seen day by day in clinical practice across most high-income countries, affecting nearly 25-30% of adults in the general population and up to 70% of patients with T2DM. Over the last few decades, it clearly emerged that NAFLD is a "multisystemic disease" and that the leading cause of death among patients with NAFLD is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Read More

Neurotox Res 2022 Apr 26;40(2):646-669. Epub 2022 Jan 26.

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania.

Alcoholic neuropathy emerges following the persistent alcohol imbibing, and triggers nerve damage through de-escalating the receptors situated in the central nervous system (CNS), which consecutively evolves into debilitating neuropathic state and further precipitates hyperalgesia, allodynia, dysesthesia, ataxia, numbness, immobility, and decline in certain body functions. Existing pharmacotherapy, such as anticonvulsants (gabapentin and topiramate), and antidepressant drugs (duloxetine, and venlafaxine) render short-lasting benefits; however, their continual use is not favoured nowadays because of their detrimental outcomes and habit-forming behaviour. Consequently, the research is being shifted towards exploring novel propitious targets which entirely assist in the cessation of the disease. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 12 21;11(1):24372. Epub 2021 Dec 21.

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-City, 13620, Republic of Korea.

The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) or liver fibrosis and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the association of NAFL or liver fibrosis indices and DPN in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In this observational study, we included 264 individuals with type 2 diabetes, and calculated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) liver fat score, NAFLD fibrosis score, and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index to evaluate the status of NAFLD or liver fibrosis. Read More

J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021 Dec 12;20(2):1639-1645. Epub 2021 Oct 12.

Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056 India.

Background: , a ayurvedic medicinal plant reported for its valuable effects in various diseases. It has shown significant effects in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Objective: The present work was designed to study effects of aqueous and alcoholic extract (AE and AlcE) of leaves in diabetic neuropathy. Read More

Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022 03 24;20(2):132-136. Epub 2021 Nov 24.

Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, University Hospital "Alexandrovska," Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase protein, which resembles C-reactive protein in both structure and function, and belongs to the same family. PTX3 is associated with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study evaluated the relationship between serum PTX3 levels, prediabetes, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and other biochemical and clinical parameters in obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Read More

Hormones (Athens) 2022 Mar 30;21(1):133-145. Epub 2021 Oct 30.

First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between severity of hepatic steatosis/fibrosis with clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics, including visceral obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related micro- and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: We studied 60 consecutive NAFLD outpatients with T2DM, recording several demographic and clinical characteristics, trunk and visceral fat, cardiac ultrasound, and micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus including microalbuminuria, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and cardiac autonomic function. Severity of steatosis and fibrosis was evaluated with abdominal ultrasound and liver stiffness measurements, respectively. Read More

Cureus 2021 Sep 24;13(9):e18245. Epub 2021 Sep 24.

Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with a multi-systemic involvement, the gastrointestinal (GI) system being one of them. In this study, we have compiled and analyzed findings from various studies to conclude that peripheral insulin resistance and hyperglycemia are the two key factors that play a role in the pathogenesis of the web of disorders associated with diabetes. These two key factors, when clubbed with autoimmunity, autonomic neuropathy, and genetic and environmental factors, play a substantial role in the development of GI disorders in DM. Read More

Diabetes Ther 2021 Dec 13;12(12):3025-3035. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Southside Endocrinology, 1900 Crestwood Blvd, Suite 201, Irondale, AL, 35210, USA.

Pentoxifylline (Px) has protean effects that can be utilized in the therapy of diabetes and its complications. There have been well-documented but often inconclusive improvements in peripheral arterial disease, foot ulcers, peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. In addition, non-alcoholic steatosis and steatohepatitis, which are closely associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, have been shown to improve with pentoxifylline. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2022 02 11;29(2):573-582. Epub 2021 Oct 11.

Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: We characterized and quantified peripheral nerve damage in alcohol-dependent patients (ADP) by magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in correlation with clinical and electrophysiologic findings.

Methods: Thirty-one adult patients with a history of excessive alcohol consumption and age-/sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively examined. After detailed neurologic and electrophysiologic testing, the patient group was subdivided into ADP with alcohol-related polyneuropathy (ALN) and without ALN (Non-ALN). Read More

Diabetes Ther 2021 Oct 19;12(10):2631-2634. Epub 2021 Aug 19.

Grandview Endocrinology, Grandview Medical Group, 3525 Independence Dr, Homewood, AL, 35209, USA.

Patients with diabetes and distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP) are routinely evaluated for etiologies other than diabetes, including vitamin B12 deficiency, paraproteinemia, hypothyroidism and drug or autoimmune-induced neuropathy. However, the most common cause of DSP, next to that of diabetes, is alcohol intake, which is almost never evaluated. In addition to assessment of alcohol intake based on patient history, which often leads to an underestimation of alchohol intake, markers of a high alcohol intake (elevated liver enzymes, uric acid, triglycerides, low magnesium or low folic acid levels) should be obtained. Read More

Neurosci Lett 2021 09 17;761:136119. Epub 2021 Jul 17.

Department of Physiology and School of Medicine, LSU Health-New Orleans, United States; Alcohol & Drug Abuse Center of Excellence, LSU Health-New Orleans, United States; Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSU Health-New Orleans, United States; Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, LSU Health-New Orleans, United States. Electronic address:

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a musculoskeletal pain condition that often develops after limb injury and/or immobilization. Although the exact mechanisms underlying CRPS are unknown, the syndrome is associated with central and autonomic nervous system dysregulation and peripheral hyperalgesia symptoms. These symptoms also manifest in alcoholic neuropathy, suggesting that the two conditions may be pathophysiologically accretive. Read More

Arch Pharm Res 2021 Jul 19;44(7):655-667. Epub 2021 Jul 19.

School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.

Diabetes mellitus, a disorder of metabolism, results in the elevation of glucose level in the blood. In this hyperglycaemic condition, aldose reductase overexpresses and leads to further complications of diabetes through the polyol pathway. Glucose metabolism-related disorders are the accumulation of sorbitol, overproduction of NADH and fructose, reduction in NAD, and excessive NADPH usage, leading to diabetic pathogenesis and its complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2021 Mar-Apr;63(2):121-126. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Thiamine is essential for the activity of several enzymes associated with energy metabolism in humans. Chronic alcohol use is associated with deficiency of thiamine along with other vitamins through several mechanisms. Several neuropsychiatric syndromes have been associated with thiamine deficiency in the context of alcohol use disorder including Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, alcoholic cerebellar syndrome, alcoholic peripheral neuropathy, and possibly, Marchiafava-Bignami syndrome. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021 ;121(5):138-143

Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Our review article aimed for analysis of pathogenesis, diagnostyics and treatment of polyneuropathies manifesting in the course of COVID-19. The reasons for hyposmia and taste disturbances are considered in the subjects with this coronavirus infection as well as relationship between these clinical manifestations and severity of the viral infection. Special attention is given to description of autoimmune mechanisms of GuillainBarré syndrome and polyneuropathies of critical conditions associated with COVID-19. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021 Nov 22;28(43):60511-60525. Epub 2021 Jun 22.

Emergency Medicine Department, King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methanol intoxication is a global problem with serious morbidities and mortalities. Apart from the lifelong disabilities experienced by methanol intoxication survivors, mortality rates of up to 44% of exposed patients have been reported. The aim of the current study was to outline the early findings that could be utilized as effective in-hospital outcome predictors among cases of methanol exposure. Read More

J Wound Care 2021 Jun;30(6):498-503

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To describe and quantify the complications arising in consecutive neuropathic patients undergoing partial longitudinal amputations of the foot.

Method: A retrospective study was conducted with data collected from the medical records of patients monitored at the Insensitive Foot Clinic of the Foot and Ankle Group of our institution who underwent partial amputation of foot rays from 2000 to 2016.

Results: A total of 28 patients met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 31 amputated/partially amputated feet. Read More

Exp Eye Res 2021 07 16;208:108617. Epub 2021 May 16.

North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA. Electronic address:

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) are a family of nuclear receptors that play essential roles in modulating cell differentiation, inflammation, and metabolism. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha (PPARα), PPAR-gamma (PPARγ), and PPAR-beta/delta (PPARβ/δ). PPARα activation reduces lipid levels and regulates energy homeostasis, activation of PPARγ results in regulation of adipogenesis, and PPARβ/δ activation increases fatty acid metabolism and lipolysis. Read More

J Diabetes Investig 2021 Nov 8;12(11):2019-2027. Epub 2021 Aug 8.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Aims/introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely related, and often occur simultaneously in patients. Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, resulting in intolerable pain and extremity amputation that reduces the quality of life. However, the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy remains unclear. Read More

Biofactors 2021 Jul 26;47(4):522-550. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Wörwag Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Böblingen, Germany.

The present demographic changes toward an aging society caused a rise in the number of senior citizens and the incidence and burden of age-related diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases [CVD], cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD], diabetes mellitus, and dementia), of which nearly half is attributable to the population ≥60 years of age. Deficiencies in individual nutrients have been associated with increased risks for age-related diseases and high intakes and/or blood concentrations with risk reduction. Nutrition in general and the dietary intake of essential and nonessential biofactors is a major determinant of human health, the risk to develop age-related diseases, and ultimately of mortality in the older population. Read More

Endocr Pract 2022 Mar 15;28(3):304-309. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: Owing to limited research, the effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on type 2 diabetes outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between NAFLD and microvascular complications in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We included 1982 patients with type 2 diabetes. Read More

J Diabetes Complications 2021 05 2;35(5):107879. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Aims: To evaluate the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score (NFS) and Fibrosis-4 score (FIB4) as predictors of complications development and mortality in a cohort of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: 554 type 2 diabetic subjects had NFS and FIB4 calculated at baseline. Multivariate Cox and Poisson analyses evaluated the associations between fibrosis scores and the occurrence of microvascular and cardiovascular complications, and all-cause mortality. Read More

Cell Metab 2021 03 4;33(3):666-675.e4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China. Electronic address:

The nervous system instructs the body's metabolism, including that in the liver. However, the neural anatomy of the liver under either normal or metabolically stressed conditions remains to be unequivocally assessed. Here, we examined neural distributions in the mouse, nonhuman primate, and human livers with advanced 3D imaging. Read More

Oman J Ophthalmol 2020 Sep-Dec;13(3):164-166. Epub 2020 Nov 2.

Pediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus, Cataract Services, BB Eye Foundation, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Intentional ingestion of alcohol-based handrub (ABHR) or sanitizer solution is uncommon. The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has led to lockdowns being put in place in many countries across the globe and resulted in a surge in ABHR usage to maintain hand hygiene. In this communication, we report the case of a 56-year-old male, a chronic alcoholic who presented during the lockdown period, with acute bilateral loss of vision following ingestion of ABHR. Read More

PeerJ 2021 13;9:e10691. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wu Han, Hu Bei, China.

Background: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and several diabetic complications or co-morbidities remains a matter of debate. The study aims to explore the association between SUA levels and the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 2,809 participants (1,784 males and 1,025 females) were included in this cross-sectional study. Read More

World J Hepatol 2020 Dec;12(12):1158-1167

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29401, United States.

Disorders of esophageal motility have been described in patients with cirrhosis in a small number of studies. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the available evidence on esophageal motility disorders in cirrhosis and their clinical implications. This review delves into the following concepts: (1) Gastroesophageal reflux disease is common in liver cirrhosis due to many mechanisms; however, when symptomatic it is usually nocturnal and has an atypical presentation; (2) Endoscopic band ligation is better than sclerotherapy in terms of its effect on esophageal motility and seems to correct dysmotilities resulting from the mechanical effect of esophageal varices; (3) Chronic alcoholism has no major effects on esophageal motility activity other than lower esophageal sphincter hypertension among those with alcoholic autonomic neuropathy; (4) An association between primary biliary cholangitis and scleroderma can be present and esophageal hypomotility is not uncommon in this scenario; and (5) Cyclosporin-based immunosuppression in liver transplant patients can have a neurotoxic effect on the esophageal myenteric plexus leading to reversible achalasia-like manifestations. Read More

Cureus 2020 Nov 15;12(11):e11493. Epub 2020 Nov 15.

Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

Tobacco and alcohol dependence are known to cause choroidal neovascularization and toxic optic neuropathy, although these typically occur in isolation. In this case report, we describe a 54-year-old male who presented with a juxtafoveal choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in the left eye. Over the course of the next two years, his vision worsened significantly in both eyes, and he developed decreased color vision and paracentral scotomas. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2021 Apr;113(4):269-271

Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio.

Background: the autonomic dysfunction defines the neuropathy of the autonomic nervous system. The prevalence of the gastric dysmotility and its relationship with the autonomic dysfunction in patients with alcohol chronic liver disease is not well known.

Methods: thirty-six patients with alcohol chronic liver disease and 25 healthy controls were evaluated, in order to detect an autonomic dysfunction through different cardiovascular reflexes and gastric emptying tests. Read More

J Diabetes Complications 2020 11 17;34(11):107684. Epub 2020 Jul 17.

Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation Ca' Granda IRCCS Foundation, Policlinico Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.

We demonstrate in 351 diabetic patients with steatosis that NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), a rapid and affordable score to diagnose hepatic fibrosis, identifies patients at higher risk of advanced fibrosis and vascular diabetic complications (especially peripheral neuropathy), pointing NFS as a first-line vascular and hepatic screening in diabetic patients. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2020 Oct 23;260:112999. Epub 2020 May 23.

Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, 34054, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dohongsamul-tang (DST) is a traditional herbal formula used to promote the blood circulation and inhibit inflammation, and also widely has been used in the treatment of patients with chronic liver diseases in Korea and China.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the effect of DST on regulation of lipid metabolism of chronic liver diseases in mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD).

Materials And Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effect of DST on high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHC, 40% fat and 1% cholesterol)-induced NAFLD, and applied unbiased lipidomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS) coupled with multivariate analysis. Read More