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Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Apr 9;69:104-111. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is a major bioactive metabolite in the widely used industrial plasticizer diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) that has been found to be toxic to the liver. The aim of this study is to determine whether MEHP exposure can change the expression of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in HepG2 cells, which might be related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results revealed that exposure to MEHP promoted lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Read More

Biochem Pharmacol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11459, Saudi Arabia.

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) has been implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); the most common cause of chronic liver diseases. There is accumulating evidence that altered TLR4 and Sphingosine kinase 1(SphK1)/sphingosine1phosphate (S1P) signaling pathways are key players in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Cross talk of the sphingosine signaling pathway, toll-4 (TLR4) receptors ,and angiotensin II was reported in various tissues. Read More

J Biol Chem 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

McMaster University, Canada.

The worldwide prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing rapidly. Although this condition is generally benign, accumulating evidence now suggests that patients with NAFLD are also at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD); the leading cause of death in developed nations. Despite the well-established role of the liver as a central regulator of circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, a known driver of CVD, the mechanism(s) by which hepatic steatosis contributes to CVD remains elusive. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 18;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.

Aging is a complex phenomenon characterized by the progressive loss of tissue and organ function. The oxidative-stress theory of aging postulates that age-associated functional losses are due to the accumulation of ROS-induced damage. Liver function impairment and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are common among the elderly. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2019 Apr 16;72:224-234. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center of The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address:

Fatty liver is used for transplantation due to organ shortage, but prone to cause complications like ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). NKT cells as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity were reported to infiltrate the liver at the early phase of IRI induced in normal liver. However, the localization mechanism of NKT cells is not precise, and the role of NKT cells in fatty liver IRI is poorly understood. Read More

Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Apr 19:1-3. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

a Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery , University of Studies of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Napoli , Italy.

Lab Anim (NY) 2019 May;48(5):143-144

School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

Scand J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr 18:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

a Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Transplantation Surgery , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.

Objectives: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is a common and increasing indication for liver transplantation (LT), is known to recur after LT. Since the recurrence of NASH can lead to graft failure, the identification of predictive factors is needed and preventive strategies should be implemented.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 95 patients who had undergone LT for NASH or alcoholic liver disease (ALD) as a primary indication. Read More

Cells 2019 Apr 17;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone from hops, has been reported to exhibit a variety of health-beneficial effects. However, poor bioavailability may limit its application in the prevention and therapy of diseases. The objective of this study was to determine whether a micellar solubilization of xanthohumol could enhance the bioavailability and biological efficacy of xanthohumol in a Western-type diet (WTD) induced model of obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Read More

Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Université des sciences et de la technologie Houari Boumediene, Faculté des sciences biologiques, Laboratoire de biologie et physiologie des organismes, Équipe de bioénergétique et métabolisme intermédiaire, Alger, Algérie.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases cardiovascular risk. Complex and subtle connections are established between hepatic dysfunction and adipose tissue hyperactivity. This relationship is mediated by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and inflammation. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2019 Apr;43(2):127-143

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes are common metabolic disorders that are often comorbid conditions. Among many proposed treatments, weight reduction is the only approved option for NAFLD to date. However, it is not easy to maintain weight loss by lifestyle modification alone; pharmacological treatments are helpful in this regard. Read More

Hepatol Int 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Geisinger Medical Center, 100 N Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 18702, USA.

Background: In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), all-cause mortality increases with fibrosis stage. Liver biopsy (LB), performed predominantly in the right lobe, assesses fibrosis, however, right lobe LB may not be sufficient due to histological variation in different lobes. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) allows for biopsy of right and left liver lobes in the same setting. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2019 Apr 16;19(1):56. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA.

Background: The prevalence and outcomes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among elderly have not been well described. Our aim was to assess the prevalence, risk factors and mortality of NAFLD in individuals older than 60 years.

Methods: The data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with linked mortality files were utilized. Read More

Gut Microbes 2019 Apr 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

a Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.

Background: A western high fat, high carbohydrate diet has been shown to be associated with decreased gut bacterial diversity and reductions in beneficial bacteria. This gut bacteria dysbiosis could develop in early life and contribute to chronic disease risk such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: To determine how dietary macronutrients are associated with the relative abundance of gut bacteria in healthy adolescents. Read More

Sleep Med 2019 Mar 2;57:144-150. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Accumulated evidences indicates that sleep duration and sleep quality may potentially trigger the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but no studies have explored this causality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of sleep duration on the incidence of NAFLD in Korean middle-aged adults.

Methods: All participants were selected from the cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) for a 10-year period. Read More

Clin Investig Arterioscler 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) plays an important function in the control of serum triglycerides and in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ activation in hepatic VLDLR regulation. Treatment of mice fed a high-fat diet with the PPARβ/δ agonist GW501516 increased the hepatic expression of Vldlr. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2019 Apr 15;19(1):112. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.

Background: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is a recently introduced, non-invasive and quantitative method to evaluate hepatic steatosis demonstrated in adults, but limited in obesity and not well evaluated in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance for assessing hepatic steatosis grades using CAP in children based on MR proton density fat fraction (PDFF).

Methods: Children evaluated for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who were assessed for PDFF and CAP were enrolled retrospectively. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 3;20(7). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca", University of Murcia, Espinardo, 30071 Murcia, Spain.

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of dietary carotenoids from spinach on the inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers, liver lipid profile, and liver transcriptomic and metabolomics profiles in Sprague-Dawley rats with steatosis induced by a high-fat diet. Two concentrations of spinach powder (2.5 and 5%) were used in two types of diet: high-fat (H) and standard (N). Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Apr 2;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), but the clinical utility of ALT in detecting and following individuals with NAFLD remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 30,988 men and 5204 women with NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound and stratified them according to sex-specific ALT quartiles. We compared metabolic variables at baseline and repeated ultrasound after at least 6 months among ALT quartiles (Q) in men (Q1 5-24, Q2 25-33, Q3 34-48, Q4 ≥ 49 IU/L) and women (Q1 5-14, Q2 15-20, Q3 21-28, Q4 ≥ 29 IU/L). Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 2;20(7). Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in western countries. Despite the high prevalence of NAFLD, the underlying biology of the disease progression is not clear, and there are no approved drugs to treat non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the most advanced form of the disease. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing advanced in vitro human cellular systems to study disease mechanisms and drug responses. Read More

World J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr;25(13):1550-1559

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) makes up 75%-85% of all primary liver cancers and is the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Chronic liver disease is the most significant risk factor for HCC with 80%-90% of new cases occurring in the background of cirrhosis. Studies have shown that early diagnosis of HCC through surveillance programs improve prognosis and availability of curative therapies. Read More

Elife 2019 Apr 15;8. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States.

Transcription is tightly regulated to maintain energy homeostasis during periods of feeding or fasting, but the molecular factors that control these alternating gene programs are incompletely understood. Here, we find that the B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) repressor is enriched in the fed state and converges genome-wide with PPARα to potently suppress the induction of fasting transcription. Deletion of hepatocyte enhances lipid catabolism and ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced steatosis. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Applied Bioenergetics Lab, Faculty of Sport and PE, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: While non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common liver disease worldwide, its treatment remains elusive. Since metabolic impairment plays a major role in NAFLD pathogenesis, any pharmaceuticals, such as molecular hydrogen (H), that advance lipid and glucose metabolism could be appropriate to tackle this complex condition. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of 28-day hydrogen-rich water intake on liver fat deposition, body composition and lab chemistry profiles in overweight patients suffering from mild-to-moderate NAFLD. Read More

J Formos Med Assoc 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background/purpose: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now a global liver disease. The fatty liver index (FLI), which is calculated by the equation comprising waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride, and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), is frequently used for hepatic steatosis evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate the optimal cut-off point of FLI to select subjects for abdominal ultrasonography (US) screening for NAFLD in the community. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University (ILD-AMU), Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, China. Electronic address:

Abnormal liver lipid metabolism results in a series of liver diseases and contributes to tumourigenesis. The expression and activity of Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is significantly increased in alcoholic fatty liver according to our previous studies. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of CYP1A2 in lipid metabolism abnormalities induced by alcohol and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Read More

J Mol Endocrinol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

J Jeong, Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of).

An aqueous extract of Humulus japonicus (AH) has been documented to ameliorate hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we investigated the effects of an aqueous extract of AH on thermogenesis and palmitate-induced oxidative stress in adipocytes. To verify the effect of AH on browning, we measured the expression levels of specific markers in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Read More

Life Sci 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China. Electronic address:

The liver is importantly metabolic and detoxifying organ in the body. When various pathogenic factors affect the liver, the normal physiological and biochemical functions are weakened, resulting in liver diseases. Liver fibrosis is a common pathological process of chronic liver disease. Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215326. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest cause of liver disease worldwide and is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Effects of NAFLD on pregnancy is still unclear with few studies showing an association to gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia. We aimed to describe the association between the NAFLD and pregnancy complications. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Objective: Our group recently showed that animal protein was independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hypothesize that this may be explained by a high diet-dependent acid load (DAL).

Methods: This cross-sectional study is embedded in a prospective population-based cohort. Read More

Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2019 Apr 11;21(4):17. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To discuss current knowledge and recent findings regarding the epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the USA.

Recent Finding: The US incidence rate of HCC is increasing, although the pace may have somewhat slowed since 2010. In 2012, incidence rates of HCC in Hispanics surpassed those of Asians. Read More

Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 22;4:19. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Nat Commun 2019 04 11;10(1):1684. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14157, Sweden.

Obesity triggers the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which involves alterations of regulatory transcription networks and epigenomes in hepatocytes. Here we demonstrate that G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2), a subunit of the nuclear receptor corepressor (NCOR) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) complex, has a central role in these alterations and accelerates the progression of NAFLD towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatocyte-specific Gps2 knockout in mice alleviates the development of diet-induced steatosis and fibrosis and causes activation of lipid catabolic genes. Read More

Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019 Apr 5;143:8-14. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Electronic address:

Intravenous fish oil lipid emulsions (FOLE) can prevent parenteral nutrition (PN)-induced liver injury in murine models and reverse PN-induced cholestasis in pediatric patients. However, the mechanisms by which fish oil protects the liver are incompletely characterized. Fish oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are ligands for the G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), expressed on hepatic Kupffer cells. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Apr 10;20(7). Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08036, Spain.

We analyzed the participation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), namely p38, JNK and ERK 1/2 in steatotic and non-steatotic livers undergoing ischemia-reperfusion (I-R), an unresolved problem in clinical practice. Hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor in liver surgery because these types of liver tolerate poorly to I-R injury. Also, a further increase in the prevalence of steatosis in liver surgery is to be expected. Read More

Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Research Laboratory for Biochemical Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.

Aim: Metformin is first line treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and reduce cardiovascular events in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Target tissue for metformin action is suggested to be the liver, where metformin distribution depends on facilitated transport by polyspecific transmembrane organic cation transporters (OCTs). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the western world with strong associations to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome but if NAFLD affects metformin biodistribution to the liver is not known. Read More

FEBS Lett 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.

Homocysteine (Hcy) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NR4A1 is involved in hepatic lipid metabolism. However, the potential role of NR4A1 in Hcy-associated NAFLD remains elusive. Read More

Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Infectious Diseases, The First People's Hospital of Huzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000. China.

Chinese herbal monomer hairy Calycosin is a flavonoid extracted from Radix astragali. The aim of the research was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Hairy Calycosin on non-alcoholic fatty liver dieases (NAFLD) in rats. 60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups，then NAFLD rat models were prepared and treated with different doses of Hairy Calycosin (0. Read More

Hepatol Res 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo, Aobaku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.

Aim: Macrovesicular steatosis around the central vein (zone 3) is one of the pathological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH). The aim of this study is to elucidate precisely the association between the area of lipid droplets (LDs) and the plasma metabolic parameters in patients with NAFLD/NASH.

Methods: Eighty patients with NAFLD/NASH diagnosed by needle biopsy were enrolled. Read More

Liver Int 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Epidemiology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Background & Aims: Non-invasive tests to diagnose non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are urgently needed. This systematic review aims to evaluate imaging accuracy in diagnosing NASH among non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients, using liver biopsy as reference.

Methods: Eligible studies were systematic reviews and cross-sectional/cohort studies of NAFLD patients comparing imaging with histology, considering accuracy and/or associations. Read More

Am J Transl Res 2019 15;11(3):1498-1509. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.

Previous findings supported that fetuin B, a new hepatokine, may be involved in the development of hepatic steatosis, but the mechanism is still unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of fetuin B in hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 mice and HepG2 cells. 1) We found that the administration of recombinant fetuin B aggravated hepatic lipid accumulation caused by free fatty acids (FFAs) or high fat diet, and . Read More

Front Immunol 2019 27;10:563. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) are major causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality and constitute important causes of liver transplantation. The spectrum of the liver disease is wide and includes isolated steatosis, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. The treatment of NAFLD and ALD remains, however, an unmet need, and therefore it is a public health priority to develop effective treatments for these diseases. Read More

Dis Model Mech 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain

Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels, representing one of the most serious public health concerns associated with metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is limited clinical experience for pediatric NAFLD patients and the therapeutic options are very scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of exercise on gut microbiota composition and functionality balance and its repercussion on early obesity and NAFLD onset in an model. Read More

Food Funct 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

School of Pharmacy/School of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Xinjiang phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China.

Cichorium glandulosum(CG) can treat various diseases with multiple targets effectively. It has been widely used in folk medicine to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the active compounds and underlying mechanisms of CG on T2DM accompanied with NAFLD (T2DM-NAFLD) remain unclear. Read More

Curr Med Chem 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago 8380453. Chile.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by abnormal hepatic accumulation of triacylglycerides in the absence of alcohol consumption, in association with oxidative stress (OS), a pro-inflammatory state and insulin resistance (IR), which are attenuated by n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs) C20-C22 (LCPUFAs) supplementation. Main causes of NAFLD comprise high caloric intake and a sedentary lifestyle, with high intakes of saturated FAs.

Methods: The review includes several searches considering the effects of n-3 LCPUFAs in NAFLD in vivo and in vitro models, using the PubMed database from the National Library of Medicine-National Institutes of Health. Read More

J Dig Dis 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.

Recently, growing body of information has accumulated to suggest that nutritional status and food compounds impact on development and/or progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The most applicable strategy to prevent and treat NAFLD is diet and lifestyle modification through keeping healthy weight, following a well-balanced diet with appropriate energy intake and increasing physical activity and /or strength training. Here we review the literature and discuss existing and potential therapeutic strategies for prevention and management of NAFLD, emphasizing the description of nutritional status and its clinical impact on the outcomes of NAFLD. Read More

Liver Int 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.

Background & Aims: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, with concomitant high incidence of lipoprotein abnormalities. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in subjects with NAFLD and management of dyslipidemia is pivotal for prevention. We aimed to determine cardiovascular risk and indication for statin therapy in subjects with NAFLD. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 8;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

We investigated changes in fatty acid desaturases, D5D, D6D, D9-16D and D9-18D, and their relationship with oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and serum TNF-alpha in two rat models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats fed for 3 weeks with methionine-choline⁻deficient (MCD) diet and eleven-week-old Obese male Zucker rats were used. Serum levels of hepatic enzymes and TNF-alpha were quantified. Read More

J Hepatol 2019 Apr 6. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom; Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background & Aims: We aimed to develop and evaluate a pathway for management of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using blood tests to stratify patients in primary care to improve detection of cases of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, and avoid unnecessary referrals to secondary care.

Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study with before-and-after analysis and comparison to unexposed controls. We used a two-step algorithm combining the use of FIB-4 followed by the ELF test if required RESULTS: In total, 3,012 patients were analysed. Read More

Proteome Sci 2019 27;17. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

2Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by excessive accumulation of fat within the liver, leading to further severe conditions such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Progression of healthy liver to steatosis and NASH is not yet fully understood in terms of process and response. Hepatic oxidative stress is believed to be one of the factors driving steatosis to NASH. Read More

Yonago Acta Med 2019 Mar 28;62(1):36-46. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) is a chronic liver disease related to metabolic syndrome that can progress to liver cirrhosis. The involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in NAFLD progression and the roles played by activating factor 3 (ATF3) and the downstream nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression profiles around the ATF3/NUPR1 axis in relation to the development of NAFLD using novel mouse models. Read More