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Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2021 Mar 29:1-7. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with thiamine deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS). Thiamine supplementation for the prevention of WKS in patients with suspected AUD in the Emergency Department (ED) is generally recommended. As alcohol-related diagnoses are frequent reasons for visits to EDs, ED thiamine prescribing practices are relevant to the overall management and prevention of WKS in patients with AUD. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2021 Mar 29;27:e929667. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.

BACKGROUND This real-world study aimed to investigate the use of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in men admitted to a psychiatric hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS The AUDIT questionnaire (10 items) was consecutively administered for a period of 3 years to male patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital (n=636). Laboratory blood tests of biochemical parameters were measured as biomarkers of alcohol consumption. Read More

Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021 Jun 2;125:608-626. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Brain Research-Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.

Debilitating neurocognitive deficits are seen in alcohol use disorders (AUD) and Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome (WKS). These shared characteristics suggest a spectrum of alcohol-induced neurocognitive disorders (AIND). Cognitive pharmacological enhancing agents (CPEA) have been examined in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders, but little is known about the effects of these agents on AINDs. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Feb 10;2:CD010945. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Background: Dementia is a syndrome that comprises many differing pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), vascular dementia (VaD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). People may benefit from knowing the type of dementia they live with, as this could inform prognosis and may allow for tailored treatment. Beta-amyloid (1-42) (ABeta42) is a protein which decreases in both the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people living with ADD, when compared to people with no dementia. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Oct 31;13(10). Epub 2020 Oct 31.

Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.

A 40-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain and agitation. She recently separated from her husband and was consuming 30 units of alcohol daily for 5 days. She had a history of bipolar affective disorder, borderline personality disorder and alcohol dependence syndrome. Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2020 09 3;20(1):431. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Douglas Hospital Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.

Background: This longitudinal study identified risk factors for frequency of hospitalization among patients with any medical condition who had previously visited one of six Quebec (Canada) emergency departments (ED) at least once for mental health (MH) conditions as the primary diagnosis.

Methods: Records of n = 11,367 patients were investigated using administrative databanks (2012-13/2014-15). Hospitalization rates in the 12 months after a first ED visit in 2014-15 were categorized as no hospitalizations (0 times), moderate hospitalizations (1-2 times), and frequent hospitalizations (3+ times). Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2020 08 3;3(8):e2014650. Epub 2020 Aug 3.

Health Psychology and Clinical Science Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York.

Importance: Youth living with HIV make up one-quarter of new infections and have high rates of risk behaviors but are significantly understudied. Effectiveness trials in real-world settings are needed to inform program delivery.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the Healthy Choices intervention delivered in a home or community setting vs a medical clinic. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2020 10;11:656. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.

Introduction: Population aging is a progressive demographic phenomenon observed in all countries worldwide. The progressive global process of population aging poses many threats, especially in the context of the mental health of the elderly. Third Age Universities are an essential preventive measure shown to improve the quality of life and psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Read More

Am J Addict 2020 11 3;29(6):500-507. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Background And Objectives: Despite the high incidence of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in psychiatric inpatients, standardized methods for assessing and treating AWS have been studied only once before in this population. We evaluated a novel AWS assessment and treatment protocol designed for psychiatric inpatients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated outcomes before and after implementation of the protocol. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2020 Apr 29;20(1):128. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Background: Because of high-risk behaviours, sedentary lifestyle and side effects of medications, psychiatric patients are at risk of viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We aimed to study the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhotic complications in psychiatric patients.

Methods: We identified consecutive adult patients in all public hospitals and clinics in Hong Kong with psychiatric diagnoses between year 2003 and 2007 using the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System, which represents in-patient and out-patient data of approximately 80% of the 7. Read More

Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2020 Jan-Mar;42(1):86-91

Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Objectives: To investigate the 5-year prevalence of patients admitted to public inpatient care units due to a mental disorder, stratifying them by age group and diagnosis, and to assess trends of admissions over this time period in Porto Alegre.

Methods: All admissions to the public mental health care system regulated by the city-owned electronic system Administração Geral dos Hospitais (AGHOS) were included in the analysis. The total population size was obtained by estimations of Fundação de Economia e Estatística (FEE). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(52):e18399

Department of Family Medicine & Rural Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha/East London Hospital Complex, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London, South Africa.

Integration of psychiatric care at the Primary Health Care (PHC) could be an important strategy towards addressing the shortages of in-patient mental health care services in South Africa. This study describes the profiles of admitted psychiatric patients at the East London Mental Health Unit (ELMHU) of the Eastern Cape from January 2016 to December 2016.In this retrospective cross-sectional study, an audit of medical records of all psychiatric in-patients managed at the ELMHU during the study period was undertaken. Read More

J Affect Disord 2020 02 11;263:715-721. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Social da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: This study investigated the patterns of comorbidity between PTSD and depression, other anxiety disorders, alcohol-related disorders using the DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. The temporal sequence of the comorbid diagnoses was also investigated.

Methods: We used data from a large population-based survey carried out between 2007 and 2008 in the two largest cities in Brazil: São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Read More

Dermatology 2019 4;235(4):276-286. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA,

Background: Psoriasis is associated with psychosocial distress. Little is known about the relationship between psoriasis and mental health (MH) emergencies.

Objective: To examine the associations of psoriasis and MH hospitalizations in the USA. Read More

Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019 06 18;139(6):508-517. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objective: To examine the association between parental alcohol use disorder (AUD) with and without other mental disorders and offspring AUD.

Methods: Using data from Danish nationwide registers, we identified 15 477 offspring with parental AUD and 154 392 reference individuals from the general population. Parental AUD was defined as registration for AUD treatment. Read More

Alcohol Alcohol 2019 Mar;54(2):131-138

Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe healthcare utilisation, morbidities and monitoring of alcohol use in patients prior to a diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis in order to inform the early identification of patients at risk.

Methods: Using linked general practice and hospitalisation data in England (April 1997 to June 2014), we identified 1731 individuals (≥18 years) with a clinical recorded diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis and 17,310 matched controls without the disorder, we examined all prior general practitioner (family doctor) visits, hospitalisations, medically recorded morbidities and alcohol assessment/interventions records. Poisson regression models were used to compare rates of healthcare utilisation in people with alcoholic psychosis to those without. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 23;10(8):e3195. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.

Background Recent trends in the legalization of marijuana in many states are increasing the popularity of recreational marijuana use. Since current data on hospitalizations in marijuana users is sparse, we evaluated the primary reasons for admissions, procedures and associated healthcare burden in hospitalized recreational marijuana users. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2010-2014 was queried for the hospitalizations with a history of recreational marijuana usage using applicable ICD-9 CM codes. Read More

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018 Oct 2;30(2):153-162. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Clinical Research Unit, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), together termed Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct yet overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders associated with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine pyrophosphate, the biologically active form of thiamine, is essential for multiple biochemical pathways involved in carbohydrate utilization. Both genetic susceptibilities and acquired deficiencies as a result of alcoholic and non-alcoholic factors are associated with thiamine deficiency or its impaired utilization. Read More

Psychol Addict Behav 2018 Nov 27;32(7):770-778. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Research Institute on Addictions.

Diagnosis of mental illness (MI) inconsistently predicts aggressive behavior although co-occurrence of substance use appears to increase the frequency of aggression in MI populations. We propose that alcohol use should moderate the relationship between mental disorders marked by deficits in self-control and aggression and victimization. In the present study, alcohol use, physical aggression perpetration, physical aggression victimization, injury and psychiatric symptoms were assessed in a sample of 297 substance use disorder patients (102 women; = 38. Read More

Minerva Med 2018 Oct 2;109(5):369-385. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Italian Society on Alcohol, Bologna, Italy.

Various epidemiological and biological evaluations and the recent publication of the DSM-V (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders) has imposed on the scientific community a period of reflection on the diagnosis and treatment of what in the DSM-IV was defined as "addiction". To date, the term "addiction" has been replaced by the DSM-5, because there is no global scientific consensus that has unequivocally characterized its clinical characteristics. This, we will talk about substance/alcohol use disorders (SUDs/AUDs) and disorders related to behavioral alterations (DBA) that can generate organic diseases, mental disorders, and social problems. Read More

Int Psychogeriatr 2019 01 20;31(1):39-47. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

Centre of Excellence for Korsakoff and Alcohol-Related Cognitive Disorders,Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry,Venray,the Netherlands.

ABSTRACTObjectives:Errorless learning is a promising rehabilitation principle for learning tasks in patients with amnesia, including patients with Korsakoff's syndrome. Errorless learning might possibly also contribute to decreases in behavioral and psychiatric problems, as patients in long-term care facilities become more independent after training. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of errorless learning on potential changes in psychotic and affective symptoms, aggression and apathy, in contrast with a control group who received care as usual. Read More

Alcohol Alcohol 2018 Jul;53(4):448-452

Division of General Internal Medicine, Erie County Medical Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 462 Grider Street, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Aims: Hospital readmissions serve as a major benchmark for the quality of care and alcohol withdrawal (AW) may lead to multiple hospitalizations and readmissions. We sought to evaluate readmission rates and predictors of having AW-related readmissions in a nationally representative sample.

Short Summary: In a nationally representative sample, AW readmission within 30 days and multiple readmissions during the year were high and were particularly predicted by discharge against medical advice (AMA), comorbid psychosis, comorbid depression, poor socioeconomic status, comorbid drug abuse and alcohol-related medical disease. Read More

J Epidemiol Community Health 2018 07 26;72(7):582-588. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: While risk of premature death is most pronounced among persons with severe mental illness, also milder conditions are associated with increased all-cause mortality. We examined non-psychotic mental (NPM) disorders and specific causes of natural death in a cohort of late adolescent men followed for up to 46 years.

Methods: Prospective cohort study of Swedish males (n=1 784 626) who took part in structured conscription interviews 1968-2005. Read More

Can J Psychiatry 2018 06 21;63(6):395-403. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

3 Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario.

Objective: There is a dearth of information on people with first-episode psychosis who do not access specialized early psychosis intervention (EPI) services. We sought to estimate the proportion of incident cases of nonaffective psychosis that do not access these services and to examine factors associated with EPI admission.

Methods: Using health administrative data, we constructed a retrospective cohort of incident cases of nonaffective psychosis in the catchment area of the Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychoses (PEPP) in London, Ontario, between 1997 and 2013. Read More

J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2018 01;79(1):137-147

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Germany.

Objective: Cue reactivity is an automatic reaction to alcohol-related cues, contributing to the maintenance of drinking behavior and relapse in alcohol dependency. The identification of valid cue-reactivity features is a prerequisite for its clinical application. We were interested in the effects of visual features of alcohol cues (e. Read More

Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2017 Nov 27;65(6):443-452. Epub 2017 Oct 27.

Service d'addictologie, CHU Félix-Guyon, route de Bellepierre, 97405 Saint-Denis cedex, La Réunion; Fédération régionale d'addictologie de La Réunion, CHU Félix-Guyon, route de Bellepierre, 97405 Saint-Denis cedex, La Réunion. Electronic address:

Background: France has a complex system for the taxation of alcoholic beverages. In the French overseas territories (FOT), the system includes little-known specificities whose purpose is to preserve the sugar-cane-rum sector, a pillar for the weak economies in these territories. Taxes are reduced for traditional rums produced and sold locally. Read More

Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2017 Nov 1;51(11):1134-1141. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

2 Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Objective: As there is growing evidence outlining varying degrees of social, economic and cultural changes among minority groups in China, there was a need to undertake research to determine whether modernization and urbanization of China has had an impact on the mental health of individuals from minority groups. In 1979, the Jino ethnic minority group was the last minority group to be designated a minority by the Chinese Central Government. As a direct result of the Chinese Government intervention, the Jino society began transitioning from a traditional rural lifestyle existence to that of a more modern urban lifestyle. Read More

Int J Qual Health Care 2017 Oct;29(5):642-645

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Ave, 1E21, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.

Objective: To better characterize and understand the nature of a very conservative definition of 'avoidable' emergency department (ED) visits in the United States to provide policymakers insight into what interventions can target non-urgent ED visits.

Design/setting: We performed a retrospective analysis of a very conservative definition of 'avoidable' ED visits using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 2005 to 2011.

Participants: We examined a total of 115 081 records, representing 424 million ED visits made by patients aged 18-64 years who were seen in the ED and discharged home. Read More