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Case Rep Psychiatry 2022 17;2022:8162871. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene Street, Baltimore MD 21201, USA.

Our patient Mr. A is a mentally and physically disabled gentleman. He was first diagnosed with bipolar disorder as a teenager. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2022 27;13:823848. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

It has been widely shown that chronic alcohol use leads to cognitive dysfunctions, especially inhibitory control. In an extension of the traditional approach, this research field has benefited from the emergence of innovative measures, among which is an anti-saccade, allowing direct and sensitive measure of the eye movements indexing attention bias to alcohol-related cues and the capability of inhibiting the reflexive saccades to the cues. During the past decade, there are numerous reports showing that drinkers make more unwanted reflexive saccades and longer latency in the anti-saccade task. Read More

Psychiatr Serv 2022 May 11:appips202100380. Epub 2022 May 11.

New York State Office of Mental Health, Albany (Ehntholt, Frimpong, Rowan, Ferdousi, Swetnam, Chaudhry, Radigan, Smith, Rotter); New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York City (Ehntholt, Compton, Smith); Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (Compton); Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City (Rotter).

Objective: This analysis examined the distribution of four social determinants of health among recipients of state-licensed mental health services and analyzed relationships between determinants and individuals' clinical and demographic characteristics.

Methods: With data from the New York State Office of Mental Health 2017 Patient Characteristics Survey (N=103,416), prevalences of four social determinants (education, employment, housing, and criminal legal involvement) among mental health service recipients were described. Results were stratified to explore differences by diagnosis, gender, race and ethnicity, and region of residence. Read More

Int J Ment Health Addict 2022 Apr 19:1-18. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR USA.

College students have shown elevated mental distress during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). The extent and persistence of mental distress as COVID-19 restrictions have continued is unclear. This study used latent profile analysis to identify student mental health risk subgroups and to evaluate subgroups in relation with substance use. Read More

Eur J Public Health 2022 04;32(2):239-245

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Background: Quantitative (e.g. increasing recreational cannabinoid use) and qualitative (e. Read More

Cureus 2021 Oct 28;13(10):e19100. Epub 2021 Oct 28.

Internal Medicine, Prairie Ridge Health, Columbus, USA.

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is the most common neurological complication of thiamine deficiency in patients who have a background of chronic alcohol use disorder. WE is characterized by acute onset of confusion, gait ataxia, and oculomotor dysfunction. Prompt treatment with parenteral thiamine leads to improvement. Read More

Med Sci Law 2022 Apr 18;62(2):97-104. Epub 2021 Oct 18.

Department of Forensic Psychiatry, 87137University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, Croatia.

Sexual violence is a substantial public health problem that is associated with a major impact on victims, and in Croatia, more than half of reported cases of sexual violence involve rape. To help understand their general profiles and consider any implications arising, the aim of this research was to describe the forensic psychiatric characteristics of people charged with rape. All evaluations of people charged with rape and sent for evaluation at the largest assessment centre in Croatia during the period 2010-2018 were analysed (  =  56). Read More

BMC Public Health 2021 10 12;21(1):1840. Epub 2021 Oct 12.

Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, 155 College Street Suite 130, Toronto, ON, M5T 1P8, Canada.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdown measures have led to increasing mental health concerns in the general population. We aimed to assess the short-term impact of the pandemic lockdown on mental health emergency services use in the Kitchener-Waterloo region of Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted an observational study during the 6-month period between March 5 and September 5, 2020 using National Ambulatory Care Reporting System metadata from mental health visits to three regional Emergency Departments (ED); mental health and substance related police calls; and calls to a regional mental health crisis telephone line, comparing volumes during the pandemic lockdown with the same period in 2019. Read More

Drug Alcohol Depend 2021 10 28;227:108925. Epub 2021 Jul 28.

Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: The proposed ICD-11 classification includes major revisions of alcohol dependence. We aimed to evaluate the presence of, and concordance between the proposed ICD-11 dependence and ICD-10, DSM-5, DSM-IV, DSM-III-R and DSM-III in a general population. We also examine as aspects of validity, including longitudinal stability and how meaningful clinical correlates associated across the systems. Read More

Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2021 11 29;47(6):704-710. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with thiamine deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS). Thiamine supplementation for the prevention of WKS in patients with suspected AUD in the Emergency Department (ED) is generally recommended. As alcohol-related diagnoses are frequent reasons for visits to EDs, ED thiamine prescribing practices are relevant to the overall management and prevention of WKS in patients with AUD. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2021 Mar 29;27:e929667. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.

BACKGROUND This real-world study aimed to investigate the use of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in men admitted to a psychiatric hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS The AUDIT questionnaire (10 items) was consecutively administered for a period of 3 years to male patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital (n=636). Laboratory blood tests of biochemical parameters were measured as biomarkers of alcohol consumption. Read More

Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021 06 2;125:608-626. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Unit for Psychiatric Research, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Brain Research-Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence (BRIDGE), Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.

Debilitating neurocognitive deficits are seen in alcohol use disorders (AUD) and Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome (WKS). These shared characteristics suggest a spectrum of alcohol-induced neurocognitive disorders (AIND). Cognitive pharmacological enhancing agents (CPEA) have been examined in the treatment of other psychiatric disorders, but little is known about the effects of these agents on AINDs. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 Feb 10;2:CD010945. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Background: Dementia is a syndrome that comprises many differing pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), vascular dementia (VaD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). People may benefit from knowing the type of dementia they live with, as this could inform prognosis and may allow for tailored treatment. Beta-amyloid (1-42) (ABeta42) is a protein which decreases in both the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people living with ADD, when compared to people with no dementia. Read More

Riv Psichiatr 2020 Nov-Dec;55(6):15-19

Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Sperimentali, Università di Sassari.

Introduction: Residential Services for the Execution of Security Measures (REMS) are specialist psychiatric units for forensic patients created in 2015 after OPG (Italian Security Psychiatric Forensic Hospitals) have been closed.

Aims: to describe the clinical, diagnostic and forensic features of patients and evaluate the relevance of 3 elements: use of alcohol and substance, antisociality, cognitive disability. A further aim is the evaluation of the level of pre and post admission diagnostic concordance. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Oct 31;13(10). Epub 2020 Oct 31.

Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.

A 40-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain and agitation. She recently separated from her husband and was consuming 30 units of alcohol daily for 5 days. She had a history of bipolar affective disorder, borderline personality disorder and alcohol dependence syndrome. Read More

BMC Psychiatry 2020 09 3;20(1):431. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Douglas Hospital Research Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, Québec, H4H 1R3, Canada.

Background: This longitudinal study identified risk factors for frequency of hospitalization among patients with any medical condition who had previously visited one of six Quebec (Canada) emergency departments (ED) at least once for mental health (MH) conditions as the primary diagnosis.

Methods: Records of n = 11,367 patients were investigated using administrative databanks (2012-13/2014-15). Hospitalization rates in the 12 months after a first ED visit in 2014-15 were categorized as no hospitalizations (0 times), moderate hospitalizations (1-2 times), and frequent hospitalizations (3+ times). Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2020 08 3;3(8):e2014650. Epub 2020 Aug 3.

Health Psychology and Clinical Science Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York.

Importance: Youth living with HIV make up one-quarter of new infections and have high rates of risk behaviors but are significantly understudied. Effectiveness trials in real-world settings are needed to inform program delivery.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the Healthy Choices intervention delivered in a home or community setting vs a medical clinic. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2020 10;11:656. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.

Introduction: Population aging is a progressive demographic phenomenon observed in all countries worldwide. The progressive global process of population aging poses many threats, especially in the context of the mental health of the elderly. Third Age Universities are an essential preventive measure shown to improve the quality of life and psychological wellbeing of the elderly. Read More

Am J Addict 2020 11 3;29(6):500-507. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Background And Objectives: Despite the high incidence of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in psychiatric inpatients, standardized methods for assessing and treating AWS have been studied only once before in this population. We evaluated a novel AWS assessment and treatment protocol designed for psychiatric inpatients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated outcomes before and after implementation of the protocol. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2020 Apr 29;20(1):128. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Background: Because of high-risk behaviours, sedentary lifestyle and side effects of medications, psychiatric patients are at risk of viral hepatitis, alcohol-related liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We aimed to study the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhotic complications in psychiatric patients.

Methods: We identified consecutive adult patients in all public hospitals and clinics in Hong Kong with psychiatric diagnoses between year 2003 and 2007 using the Clinical Data Analysis and Reporting System, which represents in-patient and out-patient data of approximately 80% of the 7. Read More

Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2020 Jan-Mar;42(1):86-91

Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Prefeitura Municipal de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Objectives: To investigate the 5-year prevalence of patients admitted to public inpatient care units due to a mental disorder, stratifying them by age group and diagnosis, and to assess trends of admissions over this time period in Porto Alegre.

Methods: All admissions to the public mental health care system regulated by the city-owned electronic system Administração Geral dos Hospitais (AGHOS) were included in the analysis. The total population size was obtained by estimations of Fundação de Economia e Estatística (FEE). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Dec;98(52):e18399

Department of Family Medicine & Rural Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha/East London Hospital Complex, Cecilia Makiwane Hospital, East London, South Africa.

Integration of psychiatric care at the Primary Health Care (PHC) could be an important strategy towards addressing the shortages of in-patient mental health care services in South Africa. This study describes the profiles of admitted psychiatric patients at the East London Mental Health Unit (ELMHU) of the Eastern Cape from January 2016 to December 2016.In this retrospective cross-sectional study, an audit of medical records of all psychiatric in-patients managed at the ELMHU during the study period was undertaken. Read More

J Affect Disord 2020 02 11;263:715-721. Epub 2019 Nov 11.

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Medicina Social da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: This study investigated the patterns of comorbidity between PTSD and depression, other anxiety disorders, alcohol-related disorders using the DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. The temporal sequence of the comorbid diagnoses was also investigated.

Methods: We used data from a large population-based survey carried out between 2007 and 2008 in the two largest cities in Brazil: São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Read More

Dermatology 2019 4;235(4):276-286. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA,

Background: Psoriasis is associated with psychosocial distress. Little is known about the relationship between psoriasis and mental health (MH) emergencies.

Objective: To examine the associations of psoriasis and MH hospitalizations in the USA. Read More

Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019 06 18;139(6):508-517. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

The National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Objective: To examine the association between parental alcohol use disorder (AUD) with and without other mental disorders and offspring AUD.

Methods: Using data from Danish nationwide registers, we identified 15 477 offspring with parental AUD and 154 392 reference individuals from the general population. Parental AUD was defined as registration for AUD treatment. Read More

Alcohol Alcohol 2019 Mar;54(2):131-138

Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.

Aims: The aim of this study was to describe healthcare utilisation, morbidities and monitoring of alcohol use in patients prior to a diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis in order to inform the early identification of patients at risk.

Methods: Using linked general practice and hospitalisation data in England (April 1997 to June 2014), we identified 1731 individuals (≥18 years) with a clinical recorded diagnosis of alcoholic psychosis and 17,310 matched controls without the disorder, we examined all prior general practitioner (family doctor) visits, hospitalisations, medically recorded morbidities and alcohol assessment/interventions records. Poisson regression models were used to compare rates of healthcare utilisation in people with alcoholic psychosis to those without. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 23;10(8):e3195. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.

Background Recent trends in the legalization of marijuana in many states are increasing the popularity of recreational marijuana use. Since current data on hospitalizations in marijuana users is sparse, we evaluated the primary reasons for admissions, procedures and associated healthcare burden in hospitalized recreational marijuana users. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2010-2014 was queried for the hospitalizations with a history of recreational marijuana usage using applicable ICD-9 CM codes. Read More

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018 Oct 2;30(2):153-162. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Clinical Research Unit, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff psychosis (KP), together termed Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS), are distinct yet overlapping neuropsychiatric disorders associated with thiamine deficiency. Thiamine pyrophosphate, the biologically active form of thiamine, is essential for multiple biochemical pathways involved in carbohydrate utilization. Both genetic susceptibilities and acquired deficiencies as a result of alcoholic and non-alcoholic factors are associated with thiamine deficiency or its impaired utilization. Read More

Psychol Addict Behav 2018 Nov 27;32(7):770-778. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Research Institute on Addictions.

Diagnosis of mental illness (MI) inconsistently predicts aggressive behavior although co-occurrence of substance use appears to increase the frequency of aggression in MI populations. We propose that alcohol use should moderate the relationship between mental disorders marked by deficits in self-control and aggression and victimization. In the present study, alcohol use, physical aggression perpetration, physical aggression victimization, injury and psychiatric symptoms were assessed in a sample of 297 substance use disorder patients (102 women; = 38. Read More