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Alcohol 2022 Jun 14. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Sección de neurobiología de las sensaciones orales. Laboratorio de Investigación odontológica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Sección de Neurobiología de las sensaciones orales, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.San Sebastián Xhala, San Sebastián Xhala, 54714 Cuautitlán Izcalli, México. Electronic address:

Recent findings have shown a relationship between alcohol use disorders (AUD) and chronic pain. Preclinical models have demonstrated that chronic pain, including trigeminal nerve injury, increases ethanol consumption throughout extended administration periods. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether chronic pain induces a greater susceptibility to developing AUD by altering motor control consumption regardless of the symptomatology of neuropathic pain and if sex influences this susceptibility. Read More

Alcohol 2022 May 31. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Alcohol 2022 Jun 1. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Eau Claire WI 54701.

The number of people over the age of 65 years old is increasing and understanding health risks associated with the aged population is important. Recent research has revealed that alcohol (ethanol) consumption levels in older demographics remain elevated and often occurs in a dangerous binge pattern. Given ethical constraints on investigating high level or binge pattern alcohol consumption in humans, animal models are often used to study the effects of ethanol. Read More

Alcohol 2022 Jun 1. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; VA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address:

On November 19, 2021, the annual Alcohol and Immunology Research Interest Group (AIRIG) meeting was held at Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus in Maywood, Illinois. The 2021 meeting focused on how alcohol misuse is linked to immune system derangements, leading to tissue and organ damage, and how this research can be translated into improve alcohol-related disease. This meeting was divided into three plenary sessions: first session focused on how alcohol misuse affects different parts of the immune systems; second session presented research on mechanisms of organ damage from alcohol misuse; the final session highlighted research on potential therapeutic targets for treating alcohol mediated tissue damage. Read More

Alcohol 2022 May 28;102:43-49. Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Social Work, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States. Electronic address:

Background: The relationship between social disadvantage and alcohol use disorder (AUD) among Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) people is poorly understood. The study explores the patterns of social disadvantage and their associations with the AUD criteria in this population.

Methods: This study used data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III on AAPI people's (N = 1801) social disadvantage, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), racial discrimination, and AUD. Read More

Alcohol 2022 May 18;102:23-33. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States.

The 2021 meeting of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Study Group (FASDSG) was titled "Role of Parental Experiences in Offspring Outcomes". The theme was reflected in the presentations of two keynote speakers: Edward Levin, Ph.D. Read More

Alcohol 2022 May 13;102:59-65. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Academic Family Medicine, North West Site, University of Saskatchewan, 102-11427 Railway Avenue, North Battleford, Saskatchewan, S9A 3G8 Canada; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Battlefords Union Hospital, 1092 107th Street, North Battleford, Saskatchewan, S9A 1Z1 Canada. Electronic address:

Evidence suggests that phenobarbital can be used to treat alcohol withdrawal syndrome as monotherapy; however, the therapeutic cornerstone remains benzodiazepines. To date, studies comparing the two treatment modalities in the emergency department (ED) are few. We sought to determine whether phenobarbital versus benzodiazepine monotherapy impacts ED length of stay and need for admission among adult presentations at a single regional hospital. Read More

Alcohol 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida. Electronic address:

There is growing interest in understanding how ethanol use interacts with advancing age to influence the brain and cognition. Animal models are employed to investigate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of brain aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases that underlie cognitive decline. However, all too often research on problems and diseases of the elderly are conducted in healthy young animals, providing little clinical relevance. Read More

Alcohol 2022 Apr 29;102:35-42. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States. Electronic address:

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially altered daily life around the world, resulting in significant impacts on health behaviors. The additional burdens imposed by family caregiving (i.e. Read More

Alcohol 2022 Apr 29;102:1-10. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Pharmacology - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Department of Cellular Biology, Embryology, and Genetics - Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address:

The Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) strain was developed through selective breeding for high systolic blood pressure. In our laboratory, we established a congenic rat strain named SHR.Lewis-Anxrr16 (SLA16). Read More

Alcohol 2022 Apr 29;102:11-22. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford St., Indianapolis, IN, 46202, United States.

Some individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) continue to drink because they have developed a habit where they do not consider the consequences of their actions. Genetically selected lines of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats allow for exploration of how specific endophenotypes, such as tendency to form habits, may be risk factors that interact with a genetic predisposition of AUD. While high alcohol drinking (HAD) and alcohol-preferring (P) rats were selectively bred to consume high amounts of freely available ethanol, they exhibit differences in alcohol-seeking behaviors as well as impulsive behaviors, and may represent different behavioral models of AUD. Read More

Alcohol 2022 Apr 19;102:51-57. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States. Electronic address:

Chronic binge drinking induces hepatic lipid accumulation, but only certain individuals develop alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Specific patterns of lipid accumulation are thought to be associated with ALD, but this has not been comprehensively investigated to date. We analyzed plasma fatty acid levels, quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, in a sample of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 8;101:53-64. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States. Electronic address:

Dysfunctional decision-making has been observed in alcohol dependence. However, the specific underlying processes disrupted have yet to be identified. Important to goal-directed decision-making is one's motivational state, which is used to update the value of actions. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 6;101:37-43. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Neuroscience and Behavior Program and Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 611 North Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003, United States. Electronic address:

Cognitive control is key to regulating alcohol intake and preventing relapse. Behavioral inflexibility can prevent adaptive strategies such as mindfulness or other relapse-prevention behaviors. In a mouse model we investigated whether individual variability in behavioral flexibility (using attentional set-shifting task; ASST) predicts future alcohol intake. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 1;101:27-35. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States; Atrium Health/Levine Children's Hospital, Charlotte, NC, United States. Electronic address:

Introduction: Exposure to alcohol during pregnancy can kill developing fetal neurons and lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in the offspring. However, not all fetuses are equally vulnerable to alcohol toxicity. These differences in vulnerability among individuals are likely due, at least in part, to genetic differences. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 17;101:9-16. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.

Although screening tools are available for alcohol use disorders (AUD), such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), these tools do not directly characterize individual drinking behavior for patients with AUD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a new self-report questionnaire to identify the characteristics of drinking behavior patterns in patients with AUD.The study team developed a self-administered 20-item questionnaire for drinking behavior pattern (DBP-20) based on semi-structured interviews of patients with AUD. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 16;101:45-51. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Comprehensive Alcohol-HIV/AIDS Research Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.

People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk for noncommunicable diseases such as lung disease in part due to opportunistic infections including pneumonia. HIV infection is associated with increased prevalence of impaired lung function and abnormal gas exchange. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is exceedingly common in PLWH and is associated with higher risk of pneumonia in PLWH. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 26;101:17-26. Epub 2022 Feb 26.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, United States; Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/mejoffe.

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is intimately associated with behavioral characteristics of alcohol use disorders, including high motivation to drink and difficulty with moderation. Thus, continued mechanistic research investigating PFC cells and targets altered by ethanol experiences should inform translational efforts to craft new, efficacious treatments. Inhibitory interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV-INs) comprise only a minor fraction of cells within the PFC, yet these cells are indispensable for coordinating PFC ensemble function, oscillatory activity, and subcortical output. Read More

Alcohol 2022 06 25;101:1-8. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, Shrimati Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 441 002, India. Electronic address:

Drug tolerance is directly correlated with drug abuse and physical dependence. The development of tolerance is manifested as the decline in pharmacological responses of drugs following repeated administration of the constant dose. The present study evaluated the effect of agmatine in ethanol-induced anti-nociception and tolerance in the tail-flick assay in mice. Read More

Alcohol 2022 05 17;100:31-39. Epub 2022 Feb 17.

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, 27707, United States. Electronic address:

Adolescent alcohol abuse is a significant public health concern, with approximately 4.3 million U.S. Read More

Alcohol 2022 05 15;100:41-56. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Department of Neuroscience, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States. Electronic address:

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is frequently comorbid with mood disorders, and these co-occurring neuropsychiatric disorders contribute to the development and maintenance of alcohol dependence and relapse. In preclinical models, mice chronically exposed to alcohol display anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors during acute withdrawal and protracted abstinence. However, in total, results from studies using voluntary alcohol-drinking paradigms show variable behavioral outcomes in assays measuring negative affective behaviors. Read More

Alcohol 2022 05 1;100:11-21. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology and Michael E. DeBakey Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States. Electronic address:

Individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) incur enduring brain damage and neurodevelopmental impairments from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Preclinical rodent models have demonstrated that choline supplementation during development can reduce the severity of adverse neurodevelopmental consequences of PAE. This study used the sheep model to evaluate dietary choline supplementation during pregnancy as a therapeutic intervention, testing the hypothesis that choline can ameliorate alcohol-induced cerebellar Purkinje cell loss. Read More

Alcohol 2022 05 25;100:23-30. Epub 2022 Jan 25.

Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States. Electronic address:

Alcohol-induced structural and functional changes were studied in vivo by photoacoustic tomography (PAT) of the cerebrovascular system in selectively bred alcohol-preferring mice. High (HAP) and low (LAP) alcohol-preferring mice are replicate lines of mice selectively bred to prefer 10% (v/v) ethanol to water and water to ethanol, respectively, in a free-access two-bottle choice scenario. A cohort of 15 singly-housed alcohol-preferring mice (five HAP mice for the experimental group, five LAP mice for the control group, and five other LAP mice set aside) were given free-access two-bottle choice 10% ethanol (v/v) and water in 50-mL graduated drinking bottles mounted on each of their cages for 4 weeks prior to PAT brain scanning. Read More

Alcohol 2022 05 6;100:1-9. Epub 2022 Jan 6.

Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States. Electronic address:

Background: We have recently reported that oral treatment of adult male C57BL/6J mice with a non-absorbable antibiotic cocktail resulted in an increase in ethanol intake and in significant reductions in butyrate-producing gut microbiota populations. This work led us to hypothesize that reduction in butyrate levels within the gut is linked to antibiotic-induced increases in voluntary ethanol consumption.

Objective: This study tested whether ad libitum sodium butyrate supplementation can prevent antibiotic-induced ethanol consumption in mice. Read More

Alcohol 2022 03 20;99:49-58. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.

The potential of micronutrients to ameliorate the impact of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on attentional regulation skills was explored in a randomized clinical trial conducted in Ukraine. Women who differed in prenatal alcohol use were recruited during pregnancy and assigned to one of three groups [No study-provided supplements, Multivitamin/Mineral Supplement (MVM), or MVM plus Choline]. Their offspring were seen in the preschool period and a reaction time task was administered. Read More

Alcohol 2022 03 17;99:35-48. Epub 2021 Dec 17.

Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States. Electronic address:

Alcohol consumption remains a leading cause of liver disease worldwide, resulting in a complex array of hepatic pathologies, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. Individuals who progress to a rarer form of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), require immediate life-saving intervention in the form of liver transplantation. Rapid onset of AH is poorly understood and the metabolic mechanisms contributing to the progression to liver failure remain undetermined. Read More

Alcohol 2022 03 13;99:59-69. Epub 2021 Dec 13.

The Mind Research Network, A Division of Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States. Electronic address:

Children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) often suffer from cognitive and neurobehavioral dysfunction throughout their lives, which may rise to a level of concern such that children receive a diagnosis under the fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) umbrella. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) contributes direct insight into neural processing and functional connectivity measures with temporal precision to understand cortical processing disorders that manifest during development. The impairment of perception may become more consequential among school-aged children with an FASD in the process of intellectual functioning and behavioral maturation. Read More

Alcohol 2022 03 6;99:23-33. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Institute of Physiology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 167982, 50 Pervomayskaya str., Komi Republic, Syktyvkar, Russia.

Background: To study changes in the morphological structures and enzymatic activity of the submandibular salivary gland (SMG) and parotid salivary gland (PG) in rats after prolonged alcohol intoxication.

Methods: Sexually mature male Wistar rats consumed 20% ethanol (6.9 g/kg/day) for 180 consecutive days. Read More

Alcohol 2022 03 1;99:1-8. Epub 2021 Dec 1.

Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States. Electronic address:

Two important contributors to alcohol-related problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are binge- and compulsive-like drinking. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region implicated in outcome valuation and behavioral flexibility, is functionally altered by alcohol exposure. Data from animal models also suggest that both the medial (mOFC) and lateral (lOFC) subregions of the OFC regulate alcohol-related behaviors. Read More

Alcohol 2022 02 19;98:43-50. Epub 2021 Nov 19.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, 323 Foster St., Durham, NC 27701, United States. Electronic address:

Adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure in rodents has been shown to alter adult behavior in several domains, including learning and memory, social interaction, affective behavior, and ethanol self-administration. AIE has also been shown to produce non-specific behavioral changes that compromise behavioral efficiency. Many studies of these types rely on measuring behavior in mazes and other enclosures that can be influenced by animals' activity levels and exploratory behavior, and relatively few such studies have assessed sex as a biological variable. Read More