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Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2018 Dec 11;46(5-6):358-370. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Background: Tai Chi (TC) is a Chinese mind-body exercise with proven physical and psychological benefits. A modified TC via virtual reality (VR) may be suitable for the elderly owing to the immediate guidance and feedback regarding movement accuracy. This study explored the cognitive and physical effects of a VR-based TC (VRTC) exercise program on older adults with cognitive impairment (CI). Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 7;51(5):2341-2358. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Key Laboratory of the Model Animal Research, Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,

Background/aims: This study investigated the effect of consecutive superovulation on the ovaries and established a premature ovarian failure (POF) model in mice.

Methods: The mouse POF model was induced by 5-15 consecutive superovulation treatments with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Normal adult mice were compared with mice displaying natural ovarian aging. Read More

Audiol Neurootol 2018 Dec 11;23(5):290-297. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

We quantified changes in the auditory acuity of 675 aging adults (mean age 71.1 years, 52.0% female, mean follow-up 4. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 8;110:582-593. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Electronic address:

Skin color disorders can be caused by various factors, such as excessive exposure to sunlight, aging and hormonal imbalance during pregnancy, or taking some medications. Kojic acid (KA) is a natural metabolite produced by fungi that has the ability to inhibit tyrosinase activity in synthesis of melanin. The major applications of KA and its derivatives in medicine are based on their biocompatibility, antimicrobial and antiviral, antitumor, antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-speck, anti-parasitic, and pesticidal and insecticidal properties. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2018 Dec 4;396:262-265. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Division of General Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, 1648 Pierce Dr. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA; Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, 1670 Clairmont Rd., Decatur, GA 30033, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, 1648 Pierce Dr. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition associated with aging characterized by loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and a reduction in dopamine levels in the striatum. PD is commonly treated using dopamine-replacement medication called levodopa. Levodopa has decreasing efficacy over time. Read More

Mol Cell Neurosci 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, University College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and tau pathology (neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads). Amyloid plaques are primarily composed of aggregated and oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides ending at position 42 (Aβ42). The development of fluid and PET biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), has allowed for detection of Aβ pathology in vivo and marks a major advancement in understanding the role of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Read More

Aging Cell 2018 Dec 10:e12845. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Metazoans viability depends on their ability to regulate metabolic processes and also to respond to harmful challenges by mounting anti-stress responses; these adaptations were fundamental forces during evolution. Central to anti-stress responses are a number of short-lived transcription factors that by functioning as stress sensors mobilize genomic responses aiming to eliminate stressors. We show here that increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in Drosophila activated cytoprotective modules and enhanced stress tolerance. Read More

Milbank Q 2018 Dec;96(4):755-781

Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Policy Points Accountable care organizations (ACOs) form alliances with management partners to access financial, technical, and managerial support. Alliances between ACOs and management partners are subject to destabilizing tension around decision-making authority, distribution of shared savings, and conflicting goals and values. Management partners may serve either as trainers, ultimately breaking off from the ACO, or as central drivers of the ACO. Read More

Milbank Q 2018 Dec;96(4):675-705

Friends of Parkside.

Policy Points Engaging and involving underrepresented communities when setting research priorities could make the scientific research agenda more equitable, more just, and more responsive to their needs and values. Groups and individuals from minority and underserved communities strongly prioritized child health and mental health research, often choosing to invest at the highest possible level. Groups consisting of predominantly Native American or Arab American participants invested in culture and beliefs research at the highest level, while many groups did not select it at all. Read More

Stem Cells 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

The "super-healing" Murphy Roths Large (MRL/MpJ) mouse possesses a superior regenerative capacity for repair of many tissues, which makes it an excellent animal model for studying molecular and cellular mechanisms during tissue regeneration. Since the role of muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) in muscle healing capacity of MRL/MpJ mice has not been previously studied, we investigated the muscle regenerative capacity of MRL/MpJ mice following muscle injury, and the results were compared to results from C57BL/6 J (B6) age-matched control mice. Our results show that muscle healing upon cardiotoxin injury was accelerated in MRL/MpJ mice and characterized by reduced necrotic muscle area, reduced macrophage infiltration, and more regenerated myofibers (eMyHC+/centronucleated fibers) at 3, 5, and 12 days post-injury, when compared to B6 age-matched control mice. Read More

J Forensic Sci 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Anthropology, University of West Florida, 11000 University Parkway, Bldg. 13, Pensacola, FL, 32514.

Progressive changes in the acetabulum have been used in modern skeletal age estimation, but they have not been completely understood. If their age correlations are weakened by the influence of factors like physical activity and obesity, acetabular changes should not be used for age estimation. To investigate their utility for aging, the acetabular variables of Rissech et al. Read More

J Sleep Res 2018 Dec 9:e12803. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.

This study examined whether sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) are related to cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults with intact cognition at baseline, using 4-year longitudinal data. A total of 3,151 community-dwelling older individuals aged ≥65 years were studied. They were assessed for cognitive function, including memory, attention, executive function and processing speed. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.

Background/objectives: Relatively little is known regarding predictors of advance care planning (ACP) in former nurses. We aimed to evaluate potential predictors of ACP documentation and discussion.

Design: Cross-sectional study, 2012-2014. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Objectives: To address the competing risk of death in longitudinal studies of older persons, we demonstrate sensitivity analyses that evaluate robustness of associations between exposures and three outcome types: dichotomous, count, and time to event.

Design: A secondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study.

Setting: Community-based data from the Precipitating Events Project in New Haven, CT. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Background/objectives: The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Life-Space Assessment (LSA) is a widely used measure of community mobility. To assist clinicians and researchers with assessing the significance of changes in scores, we determined the minimal important change associated with a change in health status.

Setting: Homes of community-dwelling older adults. Read More

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 West Yangqiao Road, CHINA.

K2TiF6:Mn4+ is a highly efficient narrow-band emission red phosphor with promising applications in white LEDs and wide-gamut displays. Nevertheless, the poor moisture-resistant property of this material hinders its further commercialization. Herein, we introduce a convenient reverse cation exchange strategy to construct a core-shell structured K2TiF6:Mn4+@K2TiF6 phosphor. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Medical Officer, Geriatrics Branch, Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology, National Institute on Aging/National Institutes of Health.

J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.

Objectives: To identify the top priority areas for research to optimize pharmacotherapy in older adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Design: Consensus meeting.

Setting: Multidisciplinary workshop supported by the National Institute on Aging, the American College of Cardiology, and the American Geriatrics Society, February 6-7, 2017. Read More

Microsc Res Tech 2018 Oct;81(10):1087-1094

Department of Social Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo State, São Paulo, Brazil.

This study presented a biosafety device for the hygienic storage of composite resin during restorative procedures in teaching clinics, RESTAURASAFE, and to compare the color stability, surface hardness, and degree of conversion of the composite resin made with the proposed device to those of conventionally made resins. Esthet-X HD composite was manipulated directly from the syringe, fractionated doses, dappen dish or RESTAURASAFE. Disc-shaped specimens were immersed in artificial saliva and coffee for 60 days and the color stability and the Vickers surface hardness were evaluated during 60 days. Read More

Physiol Rep 2018 Dec;6(23):e13935

Institute of Advanced Active Aging Research, Tokorozawa, Japan.

Regular exercise reduces the risks for cardiovascular diseases. Although the gut microbiota has been associated with fitness level and cardiometabolic risk factors, the effects of exercise-induced gut microbiota changes in elderly individuals are unclear. This study evaluated whether endurance exercise modulates the gut microbiota in elderly subjects, and whether these changes are associated with host cardiometabolic phenotypes. Read More

FEBS J 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Laboratory of Chromatin Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal- 462023, India.

Chromatin regulates gene expression and genome maintenance, and consists of histones and other components. The post translational modification of histones plays a key role in maintaining the structure and function of chromatin under different pathophysiological stress conditions. Here, we investigate the functions of previously unexplored amino acid residues in histones H3 and H4. Read More

Ecol Lett 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.

The current extinction and climate change crises pressure us to predict population dynamics with ever-greater accuracy. Although predictions rest on the well-advanced theory of age-structured populations, two key issues remain poorly explored. Specifically, how the age-dependency in demographic rates and the year-to-year interactions between survival and fecundity affect stochastic population growth rates. Read More

Physiol Rep 2018 Dec;6(23):e13940

Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Age-related alterations in whole body composition, particularly, reduced fat free mass (FFM) and increased fat mass (FM), lead to a progressive decline in resting energy expenditure (REE). Similarly, regional body composition and fat distribution changes with age might also contribute to an overall lower REE. This study investigated the influence of age on REE, regional body composition and fat distribution, including subcutaneous fat (SF) and visceral fat (VF), in a Chinese Han population as well as their contributions to age-related changes in REE. Read More

J Cosmet Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Albany Medical School, Albany, New York.

Background: Botulinum toxin (BTX) products continue to be widely used for facial rejuvenation. Variables to consider prior to BTX treatment include the anatomical area to be treated, gender, muscle mass, ethnicity, skin thickness, and the effects of aging.

Objective: To describe a treatment algorithm which has been developed for facial rejuvenation to help physicians to easily and systematically customize BTX treatment, and to describe its use in a large number of patients. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, Department of orthopedic oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Osteoporosis is a global bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures. The risk of developing osteoporosis increases with aging, especially after menopause in women. Discovering the signaling pathways which play a significant role in aging- and menopause-induced osteoporosis should accelerate osteoporosis drug discovery. Read More

Lipids 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake is well below the amount recommended by the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (0.25 g/day), supporting the need for alternative dietary sources. Stearidonic acid (SDA)-enriched soybeans were bioengineered to endogenously synthesize SDA, which can be readily metabolized to EPA in humans; thus, incorporating the derived SDA-enriched soybean oil into the food supply is a potential strategy to increase EPA. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):7891-7898

Internal Medicine and Health Sciences CHC-UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil.

Objective: Body's lean mass compartment is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality risk in various clinical conditions. This paper proposes a simple and easily applied reference table for lean body mass (LBM) and lean body mass index (LBMI) for the Italian population.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of a database containing anthropometric and DXA body composition measurements obtained from a cross-sectional study conducted between 2002 and 2009 with Italian individuals. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 Nov;22(22):7819-7825

Department of Dermatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.

Objective: Skin cancer severely threatens the public health. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) characterizes with multiple roles regulating cell growth, proliferation and gaining. This study aims to investigate the regulatory role of DUSP22 on aging of skin cancer cells and clarify molecular mechanisms, along with potential application value. Read More

Qual Life Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, P.O. Box 2099, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.

Purpose: Only few prospective studies have been conducted on the contribution of quality of life-related factors to the risk of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospective associations of three quality of life-related factors with the risk of cancer; life satisfaction, vitality, and self-rated health.

Methods: In 2009-2011, 7189 participants in the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank were asked to rate their life satisfaction, their vitality, and their health. Read More

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.

Despite dopamine's significant role in models of value-based decision-making and findings demonstrating loss of dopamine function in aging, evidence of systematic changes in decision-making over the life span remains elusive. Previous studies attempting to resolve the neural basis of age-related alteration in decision-making have typically focused on physical age, which can be a poor proxy for age-related effects on neural systems. There is growing appreciation that aging has heterogeneous effects on distinct components of the dopamine system within subject in addition to substantial variability between subjects. Read More

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Merz Pharmaceuticals, Frankfurt, Germany.

Introduction: Combined cosmetic treatments are becoming increasingly popular. The objective of this clinical evaluation was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of combining microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) treatment with a calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) dermal filler to tighten skin at the submental region and contour the jawline.

Methods: Women with loss of contour and skin laxity in the lower face received MFU-V treatment. Read More

Obes Surg 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Background: Obesity and its complications are prevalent in women and increase with age. Polyneuropathy (PNP) is a complication of obesity and bariatric surgery (BS). In subjects with severe (grades II and III) obesity and without DM who are candidates for BS, the prevalence of PNP and associated conditions are not well characterized. Read More

Exp Suppl 2018 ;108:303-320

Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Armilla, Spain.

The inflammasomes are innate immune system sensors that control the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules originating from host proteins, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Il1b and IL18, and a particular inflammatory type of cell death termed pyroptosis. It is broadly considered that chronic inflammation may be a common link in age-related diseases, aging being the greatest risk factor for the development of chronic diseases. In this sense, we discuss the role of inflammasomes in non-infectious inflammation and their interest in aging and age-related diseases. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.

Objectives: The Trail Making Test (TMT) is widely used to assess psychomotor speed and attentional set-shifting. Since the regression-based norms and equivalent scores (ESs) for the TMT Italian version trace back to more than 20 years ago, we aimed at providing updated normative data for basic (Part A and Part B) and derived (Score B-A and Score B/A) TMT scores collected in a larger sample with an extended age range.

Methods: Three hundred fifty-five Italian volunteers stratified for sex (166 men), age decades (age range 20-90 years), and educational level (from primary school to university) completed the TMT and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Read More

Int J Public Health 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, 3715 McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Objectives: To assess urban-rural differentials in age-related biological risk among middle-aged and older Chinese and links to individual and community characteristics.

Methods: Data come from the national baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Biological risk is assessed using a set of measured biomarkers that reflect cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory processes. Read More

Drugs Aging 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK.

The foundation of the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction is a number of pharmacotherapies shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in large randomised multinational clinical trials. These include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and more recently, a combined angiotensin receptor blocker neprilysin inhibitor, sacubitril/valsartan. In select cases, digoxin, ivabradine and hydralazine with isosorbide dinitrate have a role to play in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Read More

Drugs Aging 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Psychotropic medications have a high risk of serious adverse events and small effect size for changed behaviours for people with dementia. Non-pharmacological approaches are recommended as first-line treatment for changed behaviours, yet psychotropic medications remain highly prevalent in long-term aged care settings. This narrative review describes the current evidence regarding deprescribing psychotropic medications for people with dementia in long-term care. Read More

J Neurovirol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.

Age and HIV disease have additive effects on neural systems that support motor functioning. The current study examined the combined impact of aging and HIV on extrapyramidal motor functions, which were hypothesized to influence on activities of daily living (ADLs) and quality of life (QoL). Participants included 336 adults classified by HIV serostatus and age. Read More

Heart Fail Rev 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology group, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Poojappura, Thycaud Post, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695014, India.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is widely recognized as a major factor for the progression of cardiac failure. Mitochondrial uptake of metabolic substrates and their utilization for ATP synthesis, electron transport chain activity, reactive oxygen species levels, ion homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and dynamics as well as levels of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria are key factors which regulate mitochondrial function in the normal heart. Alterations in these functions contribute to adverse outcomes in heart failure. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1916:123-132

Department of Health Management, School of Health Study, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.

In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), monitoring the lactate/pyruvate ratio in cells helps to detect imbalances in age-related energy metabolism. Here, we describe a modified small-scale extraction in C. Read More

Eur J Appl Physiol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Autonomic Cardiovascular Control and Exercise Laboratory, School of Health and Human Performance, Division of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, 6230 South Street, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.

Purpose: Aerobic fitness is directly related to favorable vasodilatory (i.e., flow-mediated dilation; FMD) and vasoconstrictor functions (i. Read More

J Med Syst 2018 Dec 7;43(1):12. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, P.S.N. College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.

The eminence of image under test is identified with different methods of Face Recognition (FR) which results in failure due to rapid change in pixel intensity. The identification of similar face with inter class similarity is very difficult in imaging. The imaging technology faces difficult in the mounting of intra class variability because of accommodate, intra-class variability because of head pose, illumination conditions, expressions, facial accessories, aging effects and cartoon faces. Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, 33140, USA.

Objective: A lack of understanding of the causes of attrition in longitudinal studies of older adults may lead to higher attrition rates and bias longitudinal study results. In longitudinal epidemiological studies of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, high rates of attrition may cause a systematic underestimation of dementia prevalence and skew the characterization of the disease. This can compromise the generalizability of the study results and any inferences based on the surviving sample may grossly misrepresent the importance of the risk factors for dementia. Read More

Inflammation 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, 570020, India.

Effect of aging and hyperglycemia on oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation in dyslipidemic conditions has not been elucidated. Hence, in this study, we assessed the implications of aging, hyperglycemia, and also the dietary effect of n-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) on OS and inflammation in dyslipidemic rats. Dyslipidemia was induced in young and aged rats by feeding high-fat lard (HFL) diet. Read More

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Institute of Translational Wound Research, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Street 10, 58453, Witten, Germany.

Lifestyle diseases such as diabetes and arteriosclerosis are rising in the increasingly aging society, and the number of patients with daily intake of glucose-lowering medication has also increased. Interestingly, knowledge about oral antidiabetics with regard to wound healing is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify possible (side) effects of the most frequently prescribed oral antidiabetics on skin cells and wound healing. Read More

Mol Med Rep 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Research Institute of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.

Senescence is a result of cellular stress and is a potential mechanism for regulating cancer. As a member of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase family, ERK1/2 (extracellular signal‑regulated protein kinase) has an important role in delivering extracellular signals to the nucleus, and these signals regulate the cell cycle, cell proliferation and cell development. Previous studies demonstrated that ERK1/2 is closely associated with cell aging; however other previous studies suggested that ERK1/2 exerts an opposite effect on aging models and target proteins, even within the same cell model. Read More

Endocrinology 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.

Approximately one-third of women experience hysterectomy, or the surgical removal of the uterus, by age 60, with most surgeries occurring prior to the onset of natural menopause. The ovaries are retained in about half of these surgeries while, for the other half, hysterectomy occurs concurrently with oophorectomy. The dogma is that the non-pregnant uterus is dormant. Read More

Cereb Cortex 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Brain structural morphology differs with age. This study examined age-differences in surface-based morphometric measures of cortical thickness, volume, and surface area in a well-defined sample of 8137 generally healthy UK Biobank participants aged 45-79 years. We illustrate that the complexity of age-related brain morphological differences may be related to the laminar organization and regional evolutionary history of the cortex, and age of about 60 is a break point for increasing negative associations between age and brain morphology in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-prone areas. Read More

J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives.

Objectives: Interindividual differences in cognitive aging may be explained by differences in cognitive reserve (CR) that are built-up across the lifespan. A plausible but under-researched mechanism for these differences is that CR helps compensating cognitive decline by enhancing motivation to cope with challenging cognitive situations. Theories of motivation on cognition suggest that perceived capacity and intrinsic motivation may be key mediators in this respect. Read More

Transl Behav Med 2018 Dec 9. Epub 2018 Dec 9.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.

Weight management after breast cancer (BC) treatment in African American (AA) women is crucial to reduce comorbid conditions and health disparities. We examined feasibility and potential efficacy of commercial eHealth/mHealth tools for weight management in AA BC survivors in New Jersey. Participants (N = 35) were randomized to an intervention (SparkPeople) plus activity tracker, Fitbit Charge (n = 18), or wait-list active control group (Fitbit only, n = 17). Read More