Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 4. Epub 2017 Sep 4.

Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.

Interpersonal stress arising from relational aggression (RA)-the intentional effort to harm others via rejection and exclusion-may increase risk for depression in youth. Biological vulnerabilities related to the hormone oxytocin, which affects social behavior and stress responses, may exacerbate this risk. In a community sample of 307 youth (52% female; age range = 10-14 years), we tested whether (1) the association between RA and subsequent depressive symptoms was mediated through social problems and (2) a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs53576) in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) moderated this indirect association between RA and depression, where GG homozygotes are predicted to be more sensitive to the effects of social problems than A-allele carriers. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 4. Epub 2017 Sep 4.

University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.

We examined the role that season progression and social threats play in the heat-aggression hypothesis within Major League Baseball put forward by Reifman, Larrick, and Fein (). Box score data from 38,870 Major League Baseball games between the years of 2000 and 2015 was used to test the heat-aggression relationship, while accounting for temporal and social factors that may be simultaneously exerting influence on player behavior. Controlling for a number of other variables, we observed that the effect of temperature on aggressive behavior is partially contingent on the point of the season in which the game took place. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Aug 31. Epub 2017 Aug 31.

School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Acts of self-control are more likely to fail after previous exertion of self-control, known as the ego depletion effect. Research has shown that depleted participants behave more aggressively than non-depleted participants, especially after being provoked. Although exposure to nature (e. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Aug 31. Epub 2017 Aug 31.

Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan.

Adolescence is a developmental period with high vulnerability to sleep problems. However, research identifying distinct patterns and underlying determinants of sleep problems is scarce. This study investigated discrete subgroups of, changes in, and stability of sleep problems. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Aug 3. Epub 2017 Aug 3.

School of Psychology, Mathews Building, The University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney NSW, Australia.

Research from a variety of disciplines suggests a positive relationship between Western cultural sexualization and women's likelihood of suffering harm. In the current experiment, 157 young men were romantically rejected by a sexualized or non-sexualized woman then given the opportunity to blast the woman with loud bursts of white noise. We tested whether the activation of sexual goals in men would mediate the relationship between sexualization and aggressive behavior after romantic rejection. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Aug 2. Epub 2017 Aug 2.

Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

When a group commits a transgression, members who identify closely with the group often engage in defensive strategies in which they are less likely to experience guilt and shame in response to the transgression than are less identified group members. Subsequently, highly identified group members are often less willing to offer reparations to the injured parties. Because appropriate emotional responses and reparations are critical to community reconciliation, the present investigation examined whether social identity complexity-the degree to which individuals perceive their multiple social identities as interrelated-reduced these defensive responses. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 30. Epub 2017 Jul 30.

Department of Educational Psychology, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany.

In two cross-sectional questionnaire studies with N = 2,931 German students, aged between 12 and 17 years (M = 14.1, SD = 0.5), we investigated the relation between students' bullying behavior and their personal belief in a just world (BJW). Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 25. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

Neurobiology Research Unit and Center for Integrated Molecular Brain Imaging, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen O, Denmark.

The Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP) measures aggressive behavior in response to provocations. The aim of the study was to implement the PSAP in a functional neuroimaging environment (fMRI) and evaluate aggression-related brain reactivity including response to provocations and associations with aggression within the paradigm. Twenty healthy participants completed two 12-min PSAP sessions within the scanner. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 12. Epub 2017 Jul 12.

Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Prior research indicates that early pubertal timing is associated with aggressive behavior, particularly in the context of adversity as postulated in the contextual amplification hypothesis. However, few studies have examined harsh parenting as the context for the effect of early pubertal timing. Even fewer studies have tested the interactive effect of early pubertal timing and positive parenting on aggressive behavior. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jun 20. Epub 2017 Jun 20.

University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom.

Objectification involves reducing someone to a sexual object, rather than seeing them as a full person. Despite numerous theoretical claims that people are more aggressive toward the objectified, and empirical evidence that objectification is linked to high willingness to aggress, rape proclivity, and aggressive attitudes, no research has examined a causal link between objectification and physical aggression, particularly in the context of provocation. In two experiments, we examined this predicted link. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jun 11. Epub 2017 Jun 11.

Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.

Self-regulation processes and violent contexts play an important role in predicting adolescents' aggressive behavior; less clear is how all three constructs are linked to each other over time. The present study examined the longitudinal relations among adolescents' self-reported effortful control (EC), exposure to community violence, both as a witness and as a victim, and aggressive behavior. Participants were 768 Italian adolescents (358 males) living in a high-risk context, with a mean age at T1 of 11 years in the younger cohort and 14 years in the older cohort. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jun 8. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.

While most research on the development of antisocial and criminal behavior has considered nonviolent and violent crime together, some evidence points to differential risk factors for these separate types of crime. The present study explored differential risk for nonviolent and violent crime by investigating the longitudinal associations between three key child risk factors (aggression, emotion dysregulation, and social isolation) and two key adolescent risk factors (parent detachment and deviant peer affiliation) predicting violent and nonviolent crime outcomes in early adulthood. Data on 754 participants (46% African American, 50% European American, 4% other; 58% male) oversampled for aggressive-disruptive behavior were collected across three time points. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jun 7. Epub 2017 Jun 7.

Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.

Bullying victimization has commonly been associated with deficiencies in social information processing (SIP). In contrast, findings regarding bullying perpetration are mixed, with some researchers claiming that bullies may have superior SIP abilities than victimized or uninvolved youth. This study investigated the effects of bullying and victimization on early SIP; specifically the recognition and interpretation of social information. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 29. Epub 2017 May 29.

CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.

To explore the effect of anger behind the wheel on driving behavior and accident involvement has been the subject of many studies. However, few studies have explored the interaction between anger and driving experience on dangerous driving behavior. This study is a moderated mediation analysis of the effect of trait anger, driving anger, and driving experience on driving behavior. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 26. Epub 2017 May 26.

School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, The Base of Psychological Services and Counseling for "Happiness", South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.

The current research consisted of three studies (overall N = 338; 59 men; mean age = 19.98; SD = 1.75), which aimed to examine whether ostracism promotes aggression through enhanced feelings of rule negligence by adopting a multi-method approach. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 26. Epub 2017 May 26.

Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.

Theoretical reflections suggest that avengers and targets of revenge have self-serving perception biases when judging the severity of revenge acts and preceding offenses. Empirical research investigating such biases has so far focused on either the offense or the revenge act and may have confounded a perception bias with a situational selection bias (i.e. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 15. Epub 2017 May 15.

University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

The present study examines young women's (N = 1,734) perceptions of the unacceptability of 47 intrusive activities enacted by men. Female undergraduate psychology students from 12 countries (Armenia, Australia, England, Egypt, Finland, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Portugal, Scotland, Trinidad) indicated which of 47 intrusive activities they considered to be unacceptable. Responses were compared with parasite-stress values, a measure of global gender equality and Hofstede's dimensions of national cultures. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 27;43(5):513-520. Epub 2017 Apr 27.

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France.

The clumped distribution of food resources promotes food defensibility and can lead to the monopolizing of resources by high-ranking individuals. However, the balance of power is set at different levels according to societies, meaning that resource partitioning should vary between them. This study investigates whether dominance asymmetry and resource partitioning are related in non-human primates by comparing two species with contrasting social styles, namely rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) which display strong social intolerance and a steep gradient of dominance, and Tonkean macaques (Macaca tonkeana), which exhibit higher levels of tolerance and more balanced dominance relationships. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Apr 19. Epub 2017 Apr 19.

Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Results from several studies show that early aggression predicts later aggression; however, few studies have examined the mediating mechanisms in these relations. The paucity of research that has tested mediation found that aggressive motives and hostile attributions are important causal processes. This past work is limited by not measuring aggression multiple times throughout the study to test aggression change over time and the variables that mediate such change. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 10;43(5):503-512. Epub 2017 Apr 10.

Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts.

This study is the first to examine whether executive functioning (EF) abilities moderate longitudinal associations between peer victimization and engagement in physically and relationally aggressive behavior. Participants were 61 children (9-13 years, M = 10.68, SD = 1. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 22;43(5):493-502. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California.

Discrepancy in perception of bullying experiences may lead to later internalizing or externalizing behavior in adolescents. A 1,663 South Korean 7th and 8th graders (mean age: 13.1 and 14. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 20;43(5):483-492. Epub 2017 Mar 20.

Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione e Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

Teachers respond differently to bullying and victimization. Socio-cognitive and moral domain theory suggest that students process teachers' behavior cognitively and that teachers' responses to incidents of bullying and victimization could affect students' level of moral disengagement. We examined the mediating effect of students' moral disengagement between types of teachers' responses to situations of bullying and victimization and individual bullying using multilevel mediation modelling. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 15;43(5):471-482. Epub 2017 Mar 15.

Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, New York.

The present short-term longitudinal study examined prospective associations between two forms of peer victimization (i.e., physical, relational) and both externalizing and internalizing problems in early childhood. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 6;43(5):460-470. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

Department of Clinical Psychology and Intervention, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University, Frankfurt Main, Germany.

Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR) is correlated with a number of aspects of aggressive behavior in men. Observers appear to be able to assess aggressiveness from male fWHR, but implications for interpersonal distance preferences have not yet been determined. This study utilized a novel computerized stop-distance task to examine interpersonal space preferences of female participants who envisioned being approached by a man; men's faces photographed posed in neutral facial expressions were shown in increasing size to mimic approach. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 23;43(5):421-429. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

The metacognitive approach conceptualizes the relationship between anger and rumination as driven by metacognitive beliefs, which are information individuals hold about their own cognition and about coping strategies that impact on it. The present study aimed to test the prospective predictive impact of metacognitive beliefs and rumination on anger in a community sample. Seventy-six participants were recruited and engaged in a 2-week anger, rumination, and metacognitive beliefs monitoring protocol. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 20;43(5):450-459. Epub 2017 Feb 20.

Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.

The current short-term longitudinal study evaluated whether anxiety symptoms moderated the bidirectional associations between forms (i.e., physical and relational) of aggression and peer victimization over a 1-year period during middle childhood. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 20;43(5):440-449. Epub 2017 Feb 20.

Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.

Aggression may be performed for different reasons, such as defending oneself (reactive aggression) or to reach egoistic aims (proactive aggression). It is a widely accepted notion that a lack of theory of mind (ToM) as a basic social competence should be linked to higher aggression, but findings on the developmental links between ToM and different functions of aggression have been inconsistent. One reason for this may be the failure of taking the bi-dimensionality of both ToM (cognitive vs. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 12;43(4):386-397. Epub 2017 Feb 12.

Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Individuals with aggression regulation disorders tend to attribute hostility to others in socially ambiguous situations. Previous research suggests that this "hostile attribution bias" is a powerful cause of aggression. Facial expressions form important cues in the appreciation of others' intentions. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Sep 8;43(5):430-439. Epub 2017 Feb 8.

Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.

Some children who bully others are also victimized themselves ("bully-victims") whereas others are not victimized themselves ("bullies"). These subgroups have been shown to differ in their social functioning as early as in kindergarten. What is less clear are the motives that underlie the bullying behavior of young bullies and bully-victims. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 7;43(4):408-418. Epub 2017 Feb 7.

Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, China.

People tend to respond to rejection and attack with aggression. The present research examined the modulation role of attachment patterns on provoked aggression following punishment and proposed an executive functioning account of attachment patterns' modulating influence based on the General Aggression Model. Attachment style was measured using the Experiences in Close Relationships inventory. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 27;43(4):375-385. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.

A substantial body of literature has documented the negative effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on a wide range of children's developmental outcomes. However, whether a child's exposure to IPV leads to increased adjustment difficulties is likely to depend on a variety of factors, including the caregiver's mental health and the developmental time period when IPV exposure occurs. The present study seeks to improve our understanding of the long-term effects of IPV exposure and maternal depression on the development of children's overt aggressive behavior. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 17;43(4):364-374. Epub 2017 Jan 17.

College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.

Based on a social dominance approach, aggression is conceptualized as a strategy used to gain position, power, and influence within the peer network. However, aggression may only be beneficial when targeted against particular peers; both victims' social standing and the number of victims targeted may impact aggressors' social standing. The current study examined associations between aggressors' targeting tendencies (victims' social standing and number of victims) and aggressors' own social standing, both concurrently and over time. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 12;43(4):398-407. Epub 2017 Jan 12.

Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Drug Policy, Oslo, Norway.

The nightlife setting is a risk context for violence involvement that ultimately may cause severe injuries and fatalities. Few studies have examined associations between alcohol and illicit substance use with physical violence involvement among nightlife patrons. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relative role of demographics and substance use characteristics for nightlife violence involvement among Norwegian nightlife patrons. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 20;43(4):352-363. Epub 2016 Dec 20.

The University of Queensland, University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

Bullying is defined as repeated negative actions involving a power differential, and intention to harm. There is limited research on harmful intention as a definitional component. This study explored the role of the perpetrator's harmful intention and the target's perception of harmful intention. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 5;43(4):329-341. Epub 2016 Dec 5.

University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada.

We used couple-level data to predict physical acts of intimate partner violence (IPV) from self-reported negative emotions and social information-processing (SIP) abilities among 100 dating couples (n = 200; mean age = 21.45 years). Participants read a series of hypothetical conflict situation vignettes and responded to questionnaires to assess negative emotions and various facets of SIP including attributions for partner behavior, generation of response alternatives, and response selection. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 5;43(4):342-351. Epub 2016 Dec 5.

Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey.

Rumination is associated with exacerbated angry mood. Angry moods may also trigger rumination. However, research has not empirically tested the bidirectional associations of state rumination and anger, as experience sampling methodology can do. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Jul 23;43(4):317-328. Epub 2016 Nov 23.

Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.

Existing research has shown that child maltreatment is carried out by both mothers and fathers. There is also an extensive body of literature analyzing reasons for mothers' violent behavior. Among fathers, reasons are less well studied, resulting in the lack of a comprehensive picture of paternal child abuse. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 11;43(3):281-290. Epub 2016 Nov 11.

University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York.

Although the importance of peer bystanders in bullying has been recognized, there are few studies that examine the phenomenon in relation to Latané and Darley's (1970) classic Bystander Intervention Model, which states that there are five stages of bystander intervention: (i) notice the event; (ii) interpret the event as an emergency that requires assistance; (iii) accept responsibility for intervening; (iv) know how to intervene or provide help; and (v) implement intervention decisions. This study examined preliminary evidence of reliability and validity of the Bystander Intervention Model in Bullying (Nickerson, Aloe, Livingston, & Feeley, 2014), and the extent to which bullying role behavior (bullying, assisting, victimization, defending, and outsider behavior) and gender predicted each step of the model with a sample of 299 middle school students. Results of a Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a five-factor structure of the measure corresponding to the steps of the model. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 17;43(3):291-303. Epub 2016 Nov 17.

School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Physical aggression (PA) in the toddler years is common and developmentally normal, however, longitudinal research shows that frequent PA is highly stable and associated with long-term negative outcomes. Significant research has demonstrated the efficacy of parenting interventions for reducing externalizing behavior in children yet their typical length may overburden families, leading to low participation rates and high attrition rates. To increase the reach of parenting interventions and impact on the prevalence of externalizing behavior problems, brief interventions are needed. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 11;43(3):304-314. Epub 2016 Nov 11.

Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong.

Exposure to different environments has been reported to change aggressive behavior, but previous research did not consider the underlying elements that caused such an effect. Based on previous work on environmental perception, we examined the role of environmental resource and security in altering aggression level. In three experiments, participants were exposed to environments that varied in resource (High vs. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 25;43(3):263-272. Epub 2016 Oct 25.

School of Education, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

This study examined the associations between teacher attunement to aggressive students and students' characteristics in a sample (n = 278) of youth in 5th-grade classrooms with the assumption that certain student characteristics may either prime or hinder teachers' attunement to aggressive students. Teacher attunement was measured as the agreement between teacher- and peer-nominations for students who start fights. Teachers rated their students on the following characteristics: academic competence, affiliation, popularity, internalizing behavior, and Olympian qualities. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 24;43(3):273-280. Epub 2016 Oct 24.

Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Large numbers of British and American Reservists have been deployed to operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. Little is known about the impact of deployment and combat exposure on violent behavior in Reservists. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-reported violent behavior among a representative sample of United Kingdom Reservists, the risk factors associated with violence and the impact of deployment and combat exposure on violence. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 24;43(3):251-262. Epub 2016 Oct 24.

Personality Psychology and Psychological Assessment, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Federal Armed Forces, Hamburg, Germany.

Malamuth's (1998) confluence model holds that the combination of hostile masculinity, impersonal sexuality, and the constellation of high dominance and low nurturance plays a crucial role in explaining men's sexual aggression against women. Most studies on the confluence model concentrate on hostile masculinity and impersonal sexuality rather than dominance and nurturance. Using a person-centered approach, we investigated whether sexual aggressive men could be better identified in a sample of 692 men when not only hostile masculinity and impersonal sexuality but also dominance and nurturance were used as indicators in a latent profile analysis. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 21;43(3):230-240. Epub 2016 Oct 21.

Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Verbal and physical aggression begin early in life and steadily decline thereafter in normal development. As a result, elevated aggressive behavior in adolescence may signal atypical development and greater vulnerability for negative mental and health outcomes. Converging evidence suggests that brain disturbances in regions involved in impulse control, emotional regulation, and sensation seeking may contribute to heightened aggression. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Apr 17;43(2):111-122. Epub 2016 Oct 17.

Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education and School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Taking an evolutionary psychological perspective, we investigated whether involvement in bullying as a perpetrator or victim was more likely if adolescents reported having more dating and sexual partners than their peers, an indication of greater engagement in competition for mates. A total of 334 adolescents (173 boys, 160 girls) between the ages of 12 and 16 years (M = 13.6, SD = 1. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 17;43(3):241-250. Epub 2016 Oct 17.

vivo international, Konstanz, Germany, www.vivo.org.

It has been postulated that the violent behavior that characterizes armed conflict is reinforced by the possibility of receiving rewards. The present study examined the potential influence of two types of rewards in an ongoing setting of conflict: extrinsic and intrinsic rewards. Former combatants active in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (N = 198) were interviewed and questioned about the way they were recruited, the offenses they committed during combat, their level of perceived intrinsic rewards (i. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 May 14;43(3):217-229. Epub 2016 Sep 14.

Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada.

Hostile attribution bias (e.g., tendency to interpret the intention of others as hostile in ambiguous social contexts) has been associated with impulsive aggression in adults, but the results are mixed and the complete sequence of hostile inferential processes leading to aggression has not been investigated yet. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Apr 14;43(2):204-214. Epub 2016 Sep 14.

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

In an attempt to explain the inconsistent findings and overall weak relation between empathy and aggression, we focused on the role of emotional empathy (emotions of concern, compassion or sympathy toward a (potential) victim), agentic goals (the desire to be dominant during social interaction with peers) and their interplay (mediation or moderation) in the prediction of proactive aggression (learned instrumental behavior) in adolescence. Data were collected from 550 young Dutch adolescents, who filled out multiple questionnaires. Findings showed that the link between a lack of empathic concern and proactive aggression is partly mediated and moderated by agentic goals. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Apr 14;43(2):190-203. Epub 2016 Sep 14.

Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute (BSI), Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Previous research has shown that ostracism-the experience of being ignored and excluded-has negative effects on all of us, young and old. Using a Cyberball paradigm, the present research replicates the effects of ostracism on the moods (anger, anxiety, happiness, and anger) and fundamental needs (belongingness, control, meaningful existence, and self-esteem) of children (Study 1) and then extends the literature by examining the role of the number of ostracizers and inclusive members in this process by randomly assigning children to conditions varying in degree of ostracism (Study 2). Results of both studies showed that experiencing ostracism strongly and negatively affected all moods and fundamental needs-with the exception of anxiety. Read More

Aggress Behav 2017 Apr 14;43(2):176-189. Epub 2016 Sep 14.

Department of Sociology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

We examined risk of male premature mortality associated with recent criminal victimization. Prior victimization is among the most consistent predictors of future risk but the explanation of repeat victimization remains elusive. Two general perspectives frame this debate. Read More