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Australas Emerg Care 2018 Nov 2;21(4):159-170. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Austin Clinical School of Nursing, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.

Background: The level of workplace violence in emergency departments worldwide has reached an alarming level. Substance abuse is thought to play a major part in the escalation of aggressive and violent behaviour and is suspected to be responsible for the majority of violent escalations in the emergency department. The aim of this scoping review was (1) to investigate the incidence of workplace violence in the emergency department, their association to substance abuse and (2) to identify factors associated with workplace violence such as perpetrator characteristics and environmental factors. Read More

Dev Psychol 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Graduate School of Education.

Children often encounter events that bear on their moral and other evaluations, such as physical aggression and material disorder. Children's perceptions and evaluations are decisive for how they respond to and learn from these everyday events. Using a new method for investigating the development of social perceptions and evaluations, researchers interviewed 3- to 6-year-olds about naturalistic video recordings of , and events. Read More

Paediatr Child Health 2019 May 18;24(2):e78-e87. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta.

Parenting powerfully influences children's cognitive and social-emotional development. Parents often have behaviour concerns and seek advice from their clinician. This paper is an evidence-based clinic tool to empower clinicians to promote pro-social behaviour through developmentally-targeted strategies that parents can use to decrease problem behaviour. Read More

J Clin Psychol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.

There is convincing evidence that trauma-related psychological distress and aggressive behavior are highly related among adolescents. The evidence is less clear regarding the direction of this relation.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine reciprocal longitudinal relations between trauma-related distress and physical aggression. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0213995. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Background: Pre-school children spend an average of two-hours daily using screens. We examined associations between screen-time on pre-school behavior using data from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) study.

Methods: CHILD participant parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at five-years of age. Read More

Psychol Med 2019 Apr 17:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Psychology,University of Zurich,Switzerland.

Several studies have demonstrated a vicious cycle of violence, in which experiences of childhood maltreatment (CM) transition into later perpetration of aggressive acts. But evidence for the presence of this cycle in adult women is mixed. The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the strength of associations and the mechanisms underlying a cycle of violence in women. Read More

J Youth Adolesc 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Ave., Suite 720, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.

Although substance use and violent behaviors often emerge together in adolescence, and both have similar widely cited causes and negative consequences for development, it remains unclear whether and how they may be linked causally. This study of early adolescents in Mexico's three largest cities tested whether alcohol use and violence perpetration are temporally related, whether their relationship is unidirectional or reciprocal, and whether the relationship differs by gender and the type of violence. The study employed longitudinal data from seventh grade students (N = 4830; M age = 12. Read More

Clin Ter 2019 Mar-Apr;170(2):e110-e123

Department of Neurology and Psychiatry University of Rome Sapienza.

Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency, type, causes and consequences of violence and aggression experienced by Emergency Department workers during their interactions with patient, their relatives or companions and whether the phenomenon of violence at work is a specific risk factor predicting stress and possible stress related pathologies in emergency health workers. The study proposes a model of effective intervention for the prevention and management of violence and stress.

Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with a sample of 323 healthcare workers at Department of Emergency and Acceptance of Level II and the Psychiatric Services of Diagnosis and Care of the University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, in Rome, Italy, between June 2016 and February 2017. Read More

Biol Lett 2019 Apr;15(4):20180841

School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast , 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL , UK.

Contestants use displays to signal their aggressive intent and settle disputes before they escalate. For birds, this is often in the form of song, which can vary in structural complexity. The role of song complexity in signalling aggressive intent has not been fully established, and its efficacy could be influenced by background noise levels. Read More

Molecules 2019 Apr 15;24(8). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.

Inflammation is a complex reaction involving cellular and molecular components and an unspecific response to a specific aggression. The use of scientific and technological innovations as a research tool combining multidisciplinary knowledge in informatics, biotechnology, chemistry and biology are essential for optimizing time and reducing costs in the drug design. Thus, the integration of these in silico techniques makes it possible to search for new anti-inflammatory drugs with better pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles compared to commercially used drugs. Read More

Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019 Apr 11;287:60-62. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Columbia University, Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI), 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 31, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

We previously demonstrated that violent ideation predicts both violent acts and eventual progression to syndromal psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR). We performed amygdalar surface morphometry analysis on MRI scans from 70 CHR individuals, 21 of whom had violent ideation, 49 of whom did not. CHR individuals with violent ideation have abnormal and asymmetric amygdalar volumes. Read More

J Neurosci Methods 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Biological Services, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Background: Neurotrauma patients face major neurological sequelae. The failure in the preclinical-to-clinical translation of candidate therapies could be due to poor evaluation of rodent behaviours after neurotrauma.

New Method: A home cage automated system was used to study the long term behaviour of individual rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI) and non-CNS injured controls, whilst group-housed in their home cages. Read More

PLoS One 2019 16;14(4):e0214924. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.

Background: The management of mentally ill offenders in the community is one of the great challenges imposed on community psychiatry.

Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the association between sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors and violent behavior in a sample of outpatients with severe mental disorders.

Method: This was a prospective cohort study with a baseline cross-sectional design used to provide a detailed analysis of patients' profiles, followed by a longitudinal design to measure aggressive and violent behavior during a 1-year follow-up. Read More

Med Lav 2019 Apr 19;110(2):130-141. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

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Introduction: Aggressions to healthcare personnel are a growing and underestimated phenomenon. The damage to the individual and to the community is real, since the assaults increase work stress and can also lead to sickness absence. Moreover, the consequences on the quality of care and economic repercussions need to be taken into account. Read More

Aggress Behav 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Marketing and Supply Chain, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.

People often have to make decisions between immediate rewards and more long-term goals. Such intertemporal judgments are often investigated in the context of monetary choice or drug use, yet not in regard to aggressive behavior. We combined a novel intertemporal aggression paradigm with functional neuroimaging to examine the role of temporal delay in aggressive behavior and the neural correlates thereof. Read More

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine/Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.

The current cross-sectional study examined whether internalizing (i.e. anxiety and depressive) symptoms and/or emotion dysregulation moderated the association between witnessed community violence and aggressive behavior. Read More

Curr Opin Psychol 2019 Mar 12;30:74-79. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd. Room 126, Houston, TX 77204-5022, United States.

Recent research on substance use in committed relationships covers three general areas. First, partners tend to be concordant for substance use, and concordance is at least partially the result of partner influence (or convergence). Second, substance use (particularly discrepant use) predicts relationship outcomes such as lower relationship quality and greater conflict, intimate partner aggression, and risky sex. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2019 Feb;8(2):728-732

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran.

Background: Crohn's disease is a group of special diseases that are considered in psychiatric studies because there is a contrast between the physical and psychological diseases among the affected patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was assessing mental health and the relation with variables of demographic and clinical in Crohn's disease patients.

Methods: In this epidemiological study, 96 patients with Crohn's disease who referred to educational hospitals in Ahvaz during 2016--2017 were evaluated by demographic and clinical questionnaires and SCL-90 questionnaires for mental health, and the information was analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Read More

Int J Ment Health Syst 2019 2;13:20. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Dept. of Health and Social and Welfare Studies, Centre for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, University of South-Eastern Norway, P.O. box 7053, 3007 Drammen, Norway.

Background: Staff-directed aggression represents a considerable concern in mental health and substance abuse services, and presents a substantial challenge to the quality and continuity of service provision for people with mental health and substance abuse problems. The practitioners themselves frequently request increased competence as a way to mediate the negative effects of staff-directed violence and aggression. The aim of this study is to explore how practitioners in municipal mental health and substance abuse services conceptualize practice in prevention and management of staff-directed violence. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2019 Apr 13:886260519843280. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

3 Urim Child Parent Center, Holon, Israel.

Witnessing or experiencing violence early in childhood is a significant risk factor for later perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) by men against women. Despite a large body of research on the topic, there is a need for more specific information about how differing patterns of family violence might pose distinct risks of later mental health problems and violence perpetration. Using a self-administered questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 745 male university students in Israel (age = 21-43, M = 25. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2019 Apr 13:886260519842856. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

1 Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.

Psychological aggression is a widespread form of abuse in dating relationships, especially in collectivist societies with ties to patriarchal beliefs. Despite the prevalence of psychological aggression, it has seldom been studied in connection with known antecedents of interpersonal violence, including dominance, attitudes supportive of violence, and violence socialization processes during childhood. The present study sought to test relationships among these variables in young men and women. Read More

J Inj Violence Res 2019 Apr 14;11(2). Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Background: Aggression is the most significant psychopathological risk factor. It is a multifaceted construct and can affect students' social, mental and physical health. The present study was conducted to investigate factors associated with aggression among elementary school girls and boys using the theoretical framework of Social Cognitive Theory in Kermanshah city, Iran. Read More

Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019 Apr 4;106:147-154. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Fivoor, FPC de Kijvelanden, Poortugaal, The Netherlands.

Aggression and distrust are often challenging problems in mental health treatment. Converging evidence reveals that oxytocin increases trust in social interactions and decreases fear of social betrayal. However, oxytocin has also been associated with protective behavior and, as such, might increase defensive aggressive reactions. Read More

Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. Electronic address:

Background: Disruptive behaviors are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and often cause substantial impairments. However, the underlying neural mechanisms of disruptive behaviors remain poorly understood in ASD. In children without ASD, disruptive behavior is associated with amygdala hyperactivity and reduced connectivity with the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC). Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2019 Apr 9;94:243-251. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 1195 1403-29 Street, NW Calgary, AB T2N 2T9, Canada; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neurology, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1137, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10 - 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Room 1A10 - 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective: The postictal period has many physical, behavioral, and cognitive manifestations associated with it. These signs and symptoms are common, can be quite debilitating, and can have a continued impact long after the seizure has ended. The purpose of this systematic review was to quantify the occurrence of postictal signs and symptoms, along with their frequency and duration in persons with epilepsy. Read More

Cancer Lett 2019 Apr 10;454:98-107. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China. Electronic address:

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable primary brain tumor that is highly resistant to current treatments. Glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) are an aggressive population of glioma cells that not only initiate malignant growth, but also promote therapeutic resistance. Thus, targeting GSCs is critical for improving GBM treatment and ensuring complete eradication of the tumor. Read More

PLoS One 2019 12;14(4):e0215367. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

University of Heidelberg, Interfaculty Biomedical Research Facility (IBF), Heidelberg, Germany.

Mice are social animals hence group-housing of mice is preferred over individual housing. However, aggression in group-housed male mice under laboratory housing conditions is a well-known problem leading to serious health issues, including injury or death. Therefore, group-housed mice are frequently separated for welfare reasons. Read More

J Pers Assess 2019 Apr 12:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

b Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology , University of Pennsylvania.

The aim of this study was to further explore the psychometric properties of the Serbian adaptation of the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) using item response theory to gain insight into measurement precision (information) and differential item functioning (DIF) across sexes. The sample consisted of 1,268 community-dwelling adults. Results confirmed a 2-factor structure and showed good reliabilities. Read More

Neurosci Bull 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

Isolation rearing (IR) enhances aggressive behavior, and the central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) system has been linked to IR-induced aggression. However, whether the alteration of central serotonin is the cause or consequence of enhanced aggression is still unknown. In the present study, using mice deficient in central serotonin Tph2 and Lmx1b, we examined the association between central serotonin and aggression with or without social isolation. Read More

Heliyon 2019 Mar 25;5(3):e01400. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.

Three preliminary and linked studies investigate the impact of making alterations to factors considered relevant to engaging in and experiencing intra-group aggression (bullying) among adult male patients detained in a single secure forensic hospital. Study one (n = 44) outlines the institutional factors, attitudes towards bullying and environmental factors that increase the likelihood of engaging in bullying and/or being victimised. Study two (n = 53 patients and 167 staff) assesses the effect of three variations of intervention that aimed to reduce intra-group aggression through direct alteration of the physical and psychosocial environment, using data from both patients and staff. Read More

Accid Anal Prev 2019 Apr 8;128:46-52. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Monash University, Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800 Australia.

There is a paucity of research regarding aggressive behaviours of on-road cyclists and the consequences that aggression may have on their safety. To address this, we examined self-reported anger-based aggression in a sample of "active" cyclists (N = 623: males = 69%) defined as those who regularly ride a bicycle on-road (all rode at least once a week, 64% rode between 4-7 days per week). Using the Cyclist Anger Expression Inventory (CAX) three broad types of anger-based aggression were identified: 1) constructive ways of dealing with anger, 2) verbal aggression and 3) personal physical aggression. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2019 Apr 11:886260519842854. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

2 Maastricht University, The Netherlands.

Using an evolutionary perspective, we examined predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Department of the Rio San Juan in Nicaragua. Specifically, we focused on possessive jealousy, intrasexual competitiveness, life history strategy, mate value, and stress. The sample consisted of 199 men and 201 women (mean age = 36. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2019 Apr 11:886260519842850. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

5 University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA.

In this study, we examined how sexual objectification can help explicate the relationship between alcohol use and sexual assault perpetration. Specifically, we examined a mediation and a moderation model. Moreover, given that gender roles and sexual norms vary across cultures, we also examined the structural invariance of the models between a U. Read More

Interdiscip Sci 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematologic tumor caused by cell cycle aberrations due to accumulating genetic disturbances in the expression of transcription factors (TFs), signaling oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Though survival rate in childhood ALL patients is increased up to 80% with recent medical advances, treatment of adults and childhood relapse cases still remains challenging. Here, we have performed bioinformatics analysis of 207 ALL patients' mRNA expression data retrieved from the ICGC data portal with an objective to mark out the decisive genes and pathways responsible for ALL pathogenesis and aggression. Read More

J Mol Neurosci 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Vitamin status and the presence of subclinical inflammation may affect cognitive performance and behavior. We have investigated the relationship between serum fat soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, and E) and inflammatory markers with aggression and cognitive abilities, in a population of healthy adolescents. A cross-sectional study of 940 adolescent girls was performed. Read More

PeerJ 2019 2;7:e6655. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.

Humans were once considered unique in having a concept of death but a growing number of observations of animal responses to dying and dead conspecifics suggests otherwise. Complex arrays of behaviors have been described ranging from corpse removal and burial among social insects to quiet attendance and caregiving among elephants and primates. Less frequently described, however, are behavioral responses of individuals from different age/sex classes or social position toward the death of conspecifics. Read More

Behav Ecol 2019 Mar-Apr;30(2):557-569. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Behavioral changes in a new environment are often assumed to precede the origins of evolutionary novelties. Here, we examined whether an increase in aggression is associated with a novel scale-eating trophic niche within a recent radiation of pupfishes endemic to San Salvador Island, Bahamas. We measured aggression using multiple behavioral assays and used transcriptomic analyses to identify differentially expressed genes in aggression and other behavioral pathways across 3 sympatric species in the San Salvador radiation (generalist, snail-eating specialist, and scale-eating specialist) and 2 generalist outgroups. Read More

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Fachklinik Katzenelnbogen, Offenes Krankenhaus für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Aarstrasse 17, 56368 Katzenelnbogen.

Aim:  Stress conditions in patients with intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders are among all factors the most disabling in their quality of life. We aimed to develop a self-rating and third-person rating instrument verifying the effect of psychiatric and psychotherapeutic treatments in these patients.

Methods:  First, we asked 150 caregivers of residential facility for patients with intellectual disabilities and psychiatric disorders to define 20 words, which describe stress conditions most accurately. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Apr 8;16(7). Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Psychology, Cátedra de Cooperación al Desarrollo, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.

Bullying and discrimination seriously damage the development and health of adolescents with non-heteronormative sexual orientation. Adolescents from sexual minorities are more likely to be the object of bullying. This research aims to know more about the prevalence, frequency, and some associated factors and predictors of homophobic victimization in adolescents, depending on their sexual orientation. Read More

J Interpers Violence 2019 Apr 9:886260519840395. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

1 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

The "minibus taxi" industry in South Africa is a dominant transport provider for many scholars and students. The industry is characterized by a misogynistic culture and high risk of exposure to violence. What forms of violence are young Black women students in Johannesburg, South Africa, exposed to as commuters compelled to use "minibus taxis" to travel to university? What is the psychological impact of this exposure" What coping mechanisms are employed to manage in this environment? Ten Black female students aged between 19 and 24 registered at a Johannesburg-based university were interviewed. Read More

Nat Hum Behav 2018 May 16;2(5):322-326. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Public Economics Group, School of Business and Economics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Violent intergroup conflicts cause widespread harm; yet, throughout human history, destructive hostilities occur time and time again. Benefits that are obtainable by victorious parties include territorial expansion, deterrence and ascendency in between-group resource competition. Many of these are non-excludable goods that are available to all group members, whereas participation entails substantial individual risks and costs. Read More

J Sch Psychol 2019 Apr 15;73:1-20. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Learning Institute, 7000 Fannin, Ste. 2300, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America. Electronic address:

Academic achievement for young dual language learners (DLL) is a critically acknowledged problem of national significance that has been understudied. To address this shortage, this study evaluated the effectiveness of Preparing Pequeños, an integrated small-group instruction program designed to promote increased learning for Spanish speaking DLL in language, literacy, and math. The DLL in the randomized Preparing Pequeños intervention classrooms were compared to control DLL with comparable Spanish language delays and in which the school district's core curriculum was being implemented. Read More

Neuroimage 2019 Apr 6;196:94-101. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 4305, USA.

Developmental research has found that children's creative thinking ability tends to decline during middle childhood. However, this decline has not been consistently demonstrated, and the underlying neural and behavioral factors that affect fluctuations in children's creative thinking ability remain uncharacterized. Using a longitudinal cohort-sequential experimental design, we investigated the neurobehavioral basis of creative thinking ability during middle childhood in a sample of 48 children (n = 21 starting 3rd grade, n = 27 starting 4th grade) assessed longitudinally at three time-points across one year. Read More

Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Research Imaging Centre, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Violence Prevention Neurobiological Research Unit, Forensic Psychiatry, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Medicine Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Criminology and Sociological Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

As the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, glutamate, as measured in combination with glutamine (Glx), is implicated in several psychopathologies when levels are aberrant. One illness that shows heightened Glx levels is bipolar disorder (BD), an illness characterized by high impulsivity. In addition, although animal studies have reported elevated levels of Glx in aggressive and impulsive phenotypes, no study, to our knowledge, has reported Glx in the human cortex in relation to aggression. Read More

Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Rural and Remote Memory Clinic & University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Introduction: The course of dementia may differ between men and women. Men, for example, are more likely to exhibit aggression. It is unclear if sex differences are present at initial presentation. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, MO, USA.

Background: Emerging evidence shows that cognitively normal older adults with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) make more errors and are more likely to receive a marginal/fail rating on a standardized road test compared to older adults without preclinical AD, but the extent to which preclinical AD impacts everyday driving behavior is unknown.

Objective: To examine self-reported and naturalistic longitudinal driving behavior among persons with and without preclinical AD.

Method: We prospectively followed cognitively normal drivers (aged 65 + years) with (n = 10) and without preclinical AD (n = 10) for 2. Read More

Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019 Apr 8:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

a School of Health and Biomedical Sciences - Nursing, RMIT University , Bundoora , Australia.

Recent events and media coverage have put aggression and violence toward healthcare workers on the agenda of many governments and healthcare providers. Shown to cause poor job satisfaction, attrition and higher rates of turnover, aggression and violence toward healthcare workers is a substantial problem in the provision of quality care. We aim to determine the feasibility of providing aggression management training to undergraduate nursing students to better prepare them for the workforce. Read More

Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Objective: This study examined the prospective, potentially bidirectional association of aggressive behavior with BMI and body composition across childhood in three population-based cohorts.

Methods: Repeated measures of aggression and BMI were available from the Generation R Study between ages 6 and 10 years (N = 3,974), the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) between ages 7 and 10 years (N = 10,328), and the Swedish Twin Study of Child and Adolescent Development (TCHAD) between ages 9 and 14 years (N = 1,462). In all samples, aggression was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist. Read More

Aggress Behav 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.

Aggression is often measured in the laboratory as an iterative "tit-for-tat" sequence, in which two aggressors repeatedly inflict retaliatory harm upon each other. Aggression researchers typically quantify aggression by aggregating across participants' aggressive behavior on such iterative encounters. However, this "aggregate approach" cannot capture trajectories of aggression across the iterative encounters and needlessly eliminates rich information in the form of within-participant variability. Read More