Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Mol Biol Cell 2019 Apr 24:mbcE18100630. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093.

Cellular levels of the versatile second messenger, cyclic-(c)AMP are regulated by the antagonistic actions of the canonical G protein → adenylyl cyclase pathway that is initiated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and attenuated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Dysregulated cAMP signaling drives many diseases, , its low levels facilitate numerous sinister properties of cancer cells. Recently, an alternative paradigm for cAMP signaling has emerged in which growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs; , EGFR) access and modulate G proteins via a cytosolic guanine-nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM), GIV/Girdin; dysregulation of this pathway is frequently encountered in cancers. Read More

Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2019 Apr 3;8(4):149-159. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Surgery, Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering (ICRME), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.

To evaluate if patterned electroceutical dressing (PED) is safe for human chronic wounds treatment as reported by wound care providers. This work reports a pilot feasibility study with the primary objective to determine physically observable effects of PED application on host tissue response from a safety evaluation point of view. For this pilot study, patients receiving a lower extremity amputation with at least one open wound on the part to be amputated were enrolled. Read More

Cells 2019 Apr 14;8(4). Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Institute of Neurophysiology, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.

Functional studies of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (hCMs) under different gravity conditions contribute to aerospace medical research. To study the effects of altered gravity on hCMs, we exposed them to acute hypergravity and microgravity phases in the presence and absence of the β-adrenoceptor isoprenalin (ISO), L-type Ca channel (LTCC) agonist Bay-K8644, or LTCC blocker nifedipine, and monitored their beating rate (BR). These logistically demanding experiments were executed during the 66th Parabolic Flight Campaign of the European Space Agency. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2016 Aug 26;12:10443. Epub 2016 Aug 26.

Resident, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, Medical Center.

Introduction: The Badges Program is a self-directed supplement to a program's research curriculum. This step-by-step resource helps medical residents to understand the resources needed to conduct their own research project and fulfill the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requirements for scholarly activity.

Methods: The curriculum is completed over varying amounts of time depending on the intricacy of scholastic activities. Read More

Sheng Li Xue Bao 2019 Apr;71(2):271-278

School of Aerospace Medicine, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.

More and more evidence suggests that microRNA is widely involved in the regulation of cardiovascular function. Our preliminary experiment showed that miR-494-3p was increased in heart of diabetic rats, and miR-494-3p was reported to be related to metabolism such as obesity and exercise. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore the role of miR-494-3p in diabetic myocardial insulin sensitivity and the related mechanism. Read More

Eur J Surg Oncol 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Engineering and Technology Research Center, Nanning, China. Electronic address:

Background: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of treatment after transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) with best supportive care (BSC) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with PVTT.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 1,040 patients with HCC with PVTT who were treated either with TACE (n = 675) or BSC (n = 365). BSC did not include sorafenib. Read More

Acta Biomater 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA; Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. Electronic address:

Biological systems continuously interact with the surrounding environment because they are dynamically evolving. The interaction is achieved through mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological, thermal, optical, or a synergistic combination of these cues. To provide a fundamental understanding of the interaction, recent efforts that integrate biological systems with the electronic-mechanical assemblies create unique opportunities for simultaneous monitoring and eliciting the responses to the biological system. Read More

Nanomedicine 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. Electronic address:

Osteochondral defects resulting from trauma and/or pathologic disorders are critical clinical problems. The current approaches still do not yield satisfactory due to insufficient donor sources and potential immunological rejection of implanted tissues. 3D printing technology has shown great promise for fabricating customizable, biomimetic tissue matrices. Read More

Transl Res 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC. Electronic address:

Over the past years, the fabrication of adequate vascular networks has remained the main challenge in engineering tissues due to technical difficulties, while the ultimate objective of tissue engineering is to create fully functional and sustainable organs and tissues to transplant in the human body. There have been a number of studies performed to overcome this limitation, and as a result, 3D printing has become an emerging technique to serve in a variety of applications in constructing vascular networks within tissues and organs. 3D printing incorporated technical approaches allow researchers to fabricate complex and systematic architecture of vascular networks and offer various selections for fabrication materials and printing techniques. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2019 Mar 14;108:111-121. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; School of Exercise, Biomedical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.

Although intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is the commonest intravascular imaging modality, it still is inefficient for clinical use as it requires laborious manual analysis. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a near real-time fully automated technology for accurate identification, detection, and quantification of luminal borders in intravascular images. This technology uses a combination of the novel approaches of a self-tuning engine, dynamic and static masking systems, radar-wise scan, and contour correction cycle method. Read More

Nanomedicine 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Claremont Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

The coatings application onto medical devices has experienced a continuous growth in the last few years. Medical device coating market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.16% to reach USD 10 million by 2023 due to the increasing geriatric population and the growing demand for continuous innovation. Read More

Front Neurosci 2019 3;13:187. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Chemogenetic studies with the ligand clozapine N-oxide (CNO) are predicated upon the assumption that CNO is devoid of actions at natural neuroreceptors. However, recent evidence shows that CNO may be converted back to clozapine (CLZ) , which could yield plasma concentrations that may be sufficient to occupy inter alia dopamine D and serotonin 5HT receptors in living brain. To test this phenomenon, we measured striatal dopamine D receptor occupancy with [F]fallypride PET and serotonin 5HT occupancy using [F]MH. Read More

Lab Chip 2019 Apr 18. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

St Vincent's School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia and Tumour Development, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Droplet based scRNA-seq systems such as Drop-seq, inDrop and Chromium 10X have been the catalyst for the wide adoption of high-throughput scRNA-seq technologies in the research laboratory. In order to understand the capabilities of these systems to deeply interrogate biology; here we provide a practical guide through all the steps involved in a typical scRNA-seq experiment. Through comparing and contrasting these three main droplet based systems (and their derivatives), we provide an overview of all critical considerations in obtaining high quality and biologically relevant data. Read More

Curr Opin Cardiol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Purpose Of Review: Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases are closely linked and commonly occur in the same patients. This review focuses on the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) system and its crosstalk between metabolism and the cardiovascular system.

Recent Findings: Recent studies suggest that cGMP, which serves as second messenger for nitric oxide and for natriuretic peptides, improves oxidative metabolism and insulin signaling. Read More

Biomed Eng Online 2019 Apr 16;18(1):45. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Physcient Inc., 112 South Duke St., Suite 4A, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.

Objectives: Analyze the mechanics of Finochietto-style retractors, including the responses of thoracic tissues during thoracotomy, with an emphasis on tissue trauma and means for its reduction.

Methods: Mechanical analyses of the retractor were performed, including analysis of deformation under load and kinematics of the crank mechanism. Thoracotomies in a porcine model were performed in anesthetized animals (7) and fresh cadavers (17) using an instrumented retractor. Read More

Elife 2019 Apr 16;8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, United States.

Models based in differential expansion of elastic material, axonal constraints, directed growth, or multi-phasic combinations have been proposed to explain brain folding. However, the cellular and physical processes present during folding have not been defined. We used the murine cerebellum to challenge folding models with in vivo data. Read More

Age Ageing 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: memory training is a potential intervention for retaining memory and reducing dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Objective: this study examined the effect of virtual interactive working memory training (VIMT) in older adults with MCI.

Design: single-blind, two-arm parallel-group, randomised controlled design. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 3;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to have preventive effects against depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of n-3 PUFAs and depression among people according to sex and weight status. We utilized cross-sectional data from the Shika study in Japan. Read More

Anal Methods 2018 Sep 14;10(35):4339-4349. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) based detectors require rapid data analysis capabilities, embedded into the devices to achieve the optimum detection capabiites as portable trace chemical detectors. Automated algorithm-based DMS dispersion plot data analysis method was applied for the first time to pre-process and separate 3-dimentional (3-D) DMS dispersion data. We previously demonstrated our AnalyzeIMS (AIMS) software was capable of analyzing complex gas chromatography differential mobility spectrometry (GC-DMS) data sets. Read More

Dev Cell 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

The NAD-dependent deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is down-regulated in triple-negative breast cancer. To determine the mechanistic basis by which reduced SIRT1 expression influences processes related to certain aggressive cancers, we examined the consequences of depleting breast cancer cells of SIRT1. We discovered that reducing SIRT1 levels decreased the expression of one particular subunit of the vacuolar-type H+ ATPase (V-ATPase), which is responsible for proper lysosomal acidification and protein degradation. Read More

Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 2501 Speedway, Room 7.620, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.

The tricuspid leaflets coapt during systole to facilitate proper valve function and, thus, ensure efficient transport of deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Between their open state and closed state, the leaflets undergo large deformations. Quantification of these deformations is important for our basic scientific understanding of tricuspid valve function and for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. Read More

Evol Appl 2019 Apr 28;12(4):664-678. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology and Ohio Biodiversity Conservation Partnership The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio.

Endangered species that exist in small isolated populations are at elevated risk of losing adaptive variation due to genetic drift. Analyses that estimate short-term effective population sizes, characterize historical demographic processes, and project the trajectory of genetic variation into the future are useful for predicting how levels of genetic diversity may change. Here, we use data from two independent types of genetic markers (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] and microsatellites) to evaluate genetic diversity in 17 populations spanning the geographic range of the endangered eastern massasauga rattlesnake (). Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 11;9(1):4717. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA.

Interest in space habitation has grown dramatically with planning underway for the first human transit to Mars. Despite a robust history of domestic and international spaceflight research, understanding behavioral adaptation to the space environment for extended durations is scant. Here we report the first detailed behavioral analysis of mice flown in the NASA Rodent Habitat on the International Space Station (ISS). Read More

Biomater Sci 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

1st Neurology Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.

The blood thinning properties of pentoxifylline have been attributed to its ability to increase the deformability of red blood cells and improve their rheological properties. To interpret and substantiate these observations a novel approach is taken by measuring the stiffness of individual red blood cells from healthy humans before and after subscription to pentoxifylline for nine days. Atomic force microscopy nanoindentation experiments reveal that the elastic modulus of the red blood cells decreased by 30%-40%, after pentoxifylline subscription. Read More

Int J Cardiol 2019 Mar 22. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Division of Cardiology, Departement of Internal Medicine, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.

Introduction: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for complex lesions, including unprotected left main (ULM) and bifurcations, is gaining a relevant role in treating coronary artery disease with good outcomes, also thanks to new generation stents. The daily risk of adverse cardiovascular events and their temporal distribution after these procedures is not known.

Methods: All consecutive patients presenting with a critical lesion of ULM or bifurcation treated with very thin struts stents, enrolled in the RAIN-Cardiogroup VII study, were analyzed. Read More

Front Physiol 2019 22;10:311. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany.

Pronounced muscle and bone losses indicate that the musculoskeletal system suffers substantially from prolonged microgravity. A likely reason for these detrimental adaptations in the lower extremity is the lack of impact loading and the difficulty to apply large loading forces on the human body in microgravity. The human body is well adapted to ambulating in Earth's gravitational field. Read More

J R Soc Interface 2019 Apr;16(153):20180838

6 NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Washington University , St Louis, MO 63130 , USA.

Surgical reattachment of tendon to bone is a procedure marked by high failure rates. For example, nearly all rotator cuff repairs performed on elderly patients with massive tears ultimately result in recurrence of tearing. These high failure rates have been attributed to stress concentrations that arise due to the mechanical mismatch between tendon and bone. Read More

J Radiol Prot 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

German Aerospace Center Institute of Aerospace Medicine Cologne Branch, Koln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, GERMANY.

In their most recent recommendations, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) proposed the use of a set of updated tissue and radiation weighting factors for the calculation of the effective dose. This recommendation was adopted in the European Union by the directive 2013/59/EURATOM in 2013 and implemented in the corresponding radiation protection regulations in Germany in 2018. In this study, we investigate the impact of the new weighting factors according to ICRP 103 on the dose rates of the effective dose due to the exposure of aircrew to cosmic radiation with the PANDOCA model for the description of the complex radiation field in the atmosphere. Read More

J Clin Pharmacol 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

This large-scale case-control study in Taiwan elucidated the potential connection between fibrate use and liver cancer by using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 with a propensity-score-matching design. In total, 4173 patients diagnosed as having liver cancer were included as cases, and 4173 propensity-score-matched patients without liver cancer were identified as controls. The association between previous fibrate use and liver cancer occurrence was demonstrated using conditional logistic regression. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Apr 8. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-707, South Korea.

Objective: To investigate the diagnosis strategy of anterior canal-benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (AC-BPPV) and the therapeutic effects of the Yacovino maneuver.

Methods: The clinical data of 40 AC-BPPV patients were collected. The nystagmus characteristics induced by the Dix-Hallpike (D-H) and straight head-hanging (SHH) tests, the diagnostic methods used, and the effectiveness of the Yacovino maneuver for the treatment of AC-BPPV were all retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 04 8;10(1):1589. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, 100094, China.

Transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 (TMCO1) is a recently identified Ca leak channel in the endoplasmic reticulum. TMCO1 dysfunction in humans is associated with dysmorphism, mental retardation, glaucoma and the occurrence of cancer. Here we show an essential role of TMCO1 in osteogenesis mediated by local Ca/CaMKII signaling in osteoblasts. Read More

Gait Posture 2019 May 18;70:361-369. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Centre of Human & Aerospace Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.

Background Excessive pronation has been implicated in patellofemoral pain (PFP) aetiology and foot orthoses are commonly prescribed for PFP patients. Pronation can be assessed using foot posture tests, however, the utility of such tests depends on their association with foot and lower-limb kinematics. Research questions Do PFP participants compared with healthy participants (1) have a more pronated foot measured with static foot tests and a kinematic multi-segmental foot model and (2) is there an association between static foot posture and foot and lower limb kinematics during walking? Methods A case-control study including 22 participants (n = 11 PFP, 5 females per group, aged 24 ± 3 (mean ± SD) years) was conducted. Read More

J R Soc Interface 2019 Jan;16(150):20180675

1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego , San Diego, CA , USA.

Schistosomiasis is a chronic and morbid disease of poverty affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide. Mature schistosome flatworms wander in the host's hepatic portal and mesenteric venous system where they encounter a range of blood flow conditions and geometrical confinement. However, the mechanisms that support schistosome locomotion and underlie the pathogen's adaptation to its physical environment are largely unknown. Read More

Flow Turbul Combust 2019 Jan 2;102(1):73-87. Epub 2018 May 2.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

The pulmonary route presents an attractive delivery pathway for topical treatment of lung diseases. While significant progress has been achieved in understanding the physical underpinnings of aerosol deposition in the lungs, our ability to target or confine the deposition of inhalation aerosols to specific lung regions remains meagre. Here, we present a novel inhalation proof-of-concept for regional targeting in the upper airways, quantitatively supported by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of inhaled micron-sized particles (i. Read More

Ageing Res Rev 2019 Apr 4;52:17-31. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China. Electronic address:

Fibrosis is universally observed in multiple aging-related diseases and progressions and is characterized by excess accumulation of the extracellular matrix. Fibrosis occurs in various human organs and eventually results in organ failure. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of cellular signaling and relevant human diseases. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, China. Electronic address:

Ischemic post-conditioning (IPO) activates Akt signaling to confer cardioprotection. The responsiveness of diabetic hearts to IPO is impaired. We hypothesized that decreased cardiac SIRT1, a positive regulator of Akt, may be responsible for the impaired responsiveness of diabetic hearts to IPO-mediated cardioprotection. Read More

Aging Cell 2019 Apr 5:e12954. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

The decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength occurring in aging, referred as sarcopenia, is the result of many factors including an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, changes in metabolic/hormonal status, and in circulating levels of inflammatory mediators. Thus, factors that increase muscle mass and promote anabolic pathways might be of therapeutic benefit to counteract sarcopenia. Among these, the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been implicated in many anabolic pathways in skeletal muscle. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.

High fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) concentrations are a strong predictor of atrial fibrillation (AF), but researchers have not clearly determined the mechanism by which FGF23 causes atrial fibrosis in patients with AF. This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which FGF23 induces atrial fibrosis in patients with AF. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of FGF23, FGFR4, and fibrotic factors in patients with a normal sinus rhythm (SR) and patients with AF. Read More

Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Mechanical, Aerospace & Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.

Purpose: For patients with atrial fibrillation, the left atrial appendage (LAA) is often the site of thrombus formation due to low atrial ejection fraction that triggers strokes and other thromboembolic events. Recently introduced percutaneous LAA occlusion procedure is known to reduce LAA-induced strokes. Despite having the procedure, there are still 11% of the patients who continue to suffer from future strokes or transient ischemic attacks, not accounting for the procedural related complications. Read More

Nat Biomed Eng 2019 Apr;3(4):328

Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.

In Fig. 4c of this Article originally published, the bottom y axis was incorrectly labelled as 'MRI-ECG (μV)'; the correct label is 'MRI/ECG'. In addition, in Fig. Read More

Oncologist 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive variant of breast cancer with a high recurrence rate. We hypothesized that patterns of metastasis differ between IBC and non-IBC. We focused on the patterns of bone metastasis throughout disease progression to determine statistical differences that can lead to clinically relevant outcomes. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2019 May 28;180:68-73. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Neurology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. Electronic address:

Gap junction protein beta-1 (GJB1) gene mutations lead to X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 1 (CMTX1). We studied a Chinese family with CMTX1 and identified a novel GJB1 point mutation. Our patient had a transient stroke-like clinical manifestations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) changes. Read More

Acta Biomater 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. Electronic address:

The equine hoof has been considered as an efficient energy absorption layer that protects the skeletal elements from impact when galloping. In the present study, the hierarchical structure of a fresh equine hoof wall and the energy absorption mechanisms are investigated. Tubules are found embedded in the intertubular matrix forming the hoof wall at the microscale. Read More

Front Neurosci 2019 20;13:210. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Recent research has reported the application of image fusion technologies in medical images in a wide range of aspects, such as in the diagnosis of brain diseases, the detection of glioma and the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In our study, a new fusion method based on the combination of the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA) and the pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) is proposed for the fusion of SPECT and CT images to improve the quality of fused brain images. First, the intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) of a SPECT and CT image are decomposed using a non-subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) independently, where both low-frequency and high-frequency images, using NSCT, are obtained. Read More

Nat Biomed Eng 2019 Mar 18;3(3):194-205. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.

Skin-interfaced medical devices are critically important for diagnosing disease, monitoring physiological health and establishing control interfaces with prosthetics, computer systems and wearable robotic devices. Skin-like epidermal electronic technologies can support these use cases in soft and ultrathin materials that conformally interface with the skin in a manner that is mechanically and thermally imperceptible. Nevertheless, schemes so far have limited the overall sizes of these devices to less than a few square centimetres. Read More

Science 2019 04;364(6435):22-24

Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

From the Department of Radiology (D.E.J., J.W.K., B.M.K., D.J.K.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea

Background And Purpose: Mechanical thrombectomy with proximal flow control and forced aspiration may improve the outcome of endovascular revascularization therapy for patients with acute stroke. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of balloon-guiding catheter locations in patients treated for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke using mechanical thrombectomy.

Materials And Methods: The influence of the balloon-guiding catheter location (proximal, balloon-guiding catheter tip proximal to C1 vertebral body; distal, between the skull base and the C1 vertebral body) was analyzed in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke treated with stent-retriever thrombectomy. Read More

Sci Adv 2019 Mar 27;5(3):eaav9788. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Biomaterials-based nanovaccines, such as those made of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), can induce stronger immunity than soluble antigens in healthy wild-type mouse models. However, whether metabolic syndrome can influence the immunological responses of nanovaccines remains poorly understood. Here, we first show that alteration in the sensing of the gut microbiome through Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and the resulting metabolic syndrome in mice diminish the germinal center immune response induced by PLGA nanovaccines. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Apr 3;9(1):5603. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Ilan, Taiwan.

The NLRP3 inflammasome promotes the pathogenesis of metabolic, neurodegenerative and infectious diseases. Increasing evidences show that the NLRP3 inflammasome is a promising therapeutic target in inflammatory diseases. Glucosamine is widely used as a dietary supplement to promote the health of cartilage tissue and is expected to exert anti-inflammatory activity in joint inflammation, which is a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated complication. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Context: Aging is a primary risk factor for most chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. Both, exercise and hypoxia regulate pathways that ameliorate age-associated metabolic muscle dysfunction.

Objective: We hypothesized that the combination of hypoxia and exercise would be more effective in improving glucose metabolism than normoxia exercise. Read More