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Eur Respir J 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, UK

Respiratory diseases account for over 5 million deaths yearly and are a huge burden to health-care systems worldwide. Murine models have been of paramount importance to decode human lung biology , but their genetic, anatomical, physiological and immunological differences with humans significantly hamper successful translation of research into clinical practice. Thus, to clearly understand human lung physiology, development, homeostasis and mechanistic dysregulation that may lead to disease, it is essential to develop models that accurately recreate the extraordinary complexity of the human pulmonary architecture and biology. Read More

Hum Pathol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Departments of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT. Electronic address:

A variety of cystic and fibrocystic lesions can occur in the liver, which may be single or multiple and etiologically can be acquired or have genetic underpinnings. While the morphology of ductal plate development and various associated malformations has been well described, the genetic etiologies of many of these disorders is still poorly understood. Multiple clinical phenotypes in the liver are proposed to originate from ductal plate malformations: congenital hepatic fibrosis, Caroli's disease, Von-Meyenburg complex and the liver cysts of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney and liver diseases. Read More

Can J Cardiol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Interventional Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.

The advances in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have been, above all, dependent on the work of pioneers in surgery, radiology and interventional cardiology. From Grüntzig's first balloon angioplasty, PCI has expanded through technology development, improved protocols, and dissemination of best-practice techniques. We can nowadays treat more complex lesions in higher-risk patients with favourable results. Read More

Neurotoxicol Teratol 2022 Jun 28:107109. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:

Purinergic signaling is a pathway related to pain underlying mechanisms. Adenosine is a neuromodulator responsible for the regulation of multiple physiological and pathological conditions. Extensive advances have been made to understand the role of adenosine in pain regulation. Read More

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022 Jun 28:188755. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China. Electronic address:

With technological advances, previously neglected noncanonical open reading frames (nORFs) are drawing ever-increasing attention. However, the translation potential of numerous putative nORFs remains elusive, and the functions of noncanonical peptides have not been systemically summarized. Moreover, the relationship between noncanonical peptides and their counterpart protein or RNA products remains elusive and the clinical implementation of noncanonical peptides has not been explored. Read More

Life Sci 2022 Jun 28:120733. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China. Electronic address:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The physiological or pathological processes of CVDs can be well indicated by timely and accurate diagnosis of relevant biomarkers and function parameters. Nanosensors integrating the advantages of nanomaterials and sensing platforms have shown good potential for rapid diagnosis of CVDs, especially for early prediction. Read More

Chemosphere 2022 Jun 28:135519. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.

The knock combustion and pollutant emission of heavy-duty diesel engines at low temperatures are still unclear, especially under different injection timings. Therefore, this study illustrates the above issues through CONVERGE simulation. The results show that with the start of injection (SOI) sweeps from -7°CA to -32°CA, a large amount of liquid-phase fuel adheres to the wall, and the wet-wall ratio of fuel at SOI = -32°CA is as high as nearly 30%. Read More

Dev Comp Immunol 2022 Jun 28:104488. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Christian Doppler Laboratory for Optimized Prediction of Vaccination Success in Pigs, Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria; Institute of Immunology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Progress in the phenotypic characterisation of porcine B cells is ongoing, with recent advances in the identification of B1 cell subsets and plasma cells. However, regulatory B cells, commonly identified by interleukin (IL)-10 production, have not been studied in pigs so far. Here we investigate IL-10 expression in B cell subsets in response to CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin stimulation in vitro. Read More

Theor Popul Biol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Technical University of Denmark, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science - DTU Compute, Building 303B, Matematiktorvet, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. Electronic address:

Game theory has emerged as an important tool to understand interacting populations in the last 50 years. Game theory has been applied to study population dynamics with optimal behavior in simple ecosystem models, but existing methods are generally not applicable to complex systems. In order to use game-theory for population dynamics in heterogeneous habitats, habitats are usually split into patches and game-theoretic methods are used to find optimal patch distributions at every instant. Read More

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022 Jun 28:116141. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.

Human health risk assessment is a function of chemical toxicity, bioavailability to reach target biological tissues, and potential environmental exposure. These factors are complicated by many physiological, biochemical, physical and lifestyle factors. Furthermore, chemical health risk assessment is challenging in view of the large, and continually increasing, number of chemicals found in the environment. Read More

J Control Release 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

School of Chemical, Materials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. Electronic address:

A large fraction of nosocomial infections is associated with medical devices that are deemed life-threatening in immunocompromised patients. Medical device-related infections are a result of bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the device surface that affects >1 million people anually in the US alone. Over the past few years, light-based antimicrobial therapy has made substantial advances in tackling microbial colonization. Read More

Biochem Pharmacol 2022 Jun 28:115157. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Nanomedicine translational research programme, Centre for NanoMedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS), Singapore, Singapore; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and its advanced form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Ceramides have been shown to exacerbate NAFLD development through enhancing insulin resistance, reactive oxygen species production, liver steatosis, lipotoxicity and hepatocyte apoptosis, and eventually causing hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Emerging evidence indicates that ceramide production in NAFLAD is predominantly attributed to activation of the de novo synthesis pathway of ceramides in hepatocytes. Read More

Tissue Cell 2022 Jun 23;77:101860. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of obstetrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, China. Electronic address:

Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication, characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, or other organ or system lesions that appear after 20 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia, a systemic multisystem disease of placental origin, is also one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. Serious complications such as HELLP syndrome and placental abruption that occur in patients with preeclampsia without active treatment will be life threatening. Read More

J Clin Anesth 2022 Jun 28;81:110914. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Biosens Bioelectron 2022 Jun 25;214:114501. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address:

On-site and real-time clinical monitoring have been progressed dramatically by integrating biosensor science with portable digital electronic technology. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) with association of RNA-guided nucleases (CrRNA-Cas enzymes) have achieved novel CRISPR/Cas biosensing science as a promising revolutionized diagnostic technology for portable and on-site healthcare monitoring and diagnostics. Among several available CRISPR/Cas systems, CRISPR/Cas12a and CRISPR/Cas13a conjugates are utilized broadly in biosensor design, because of their capability to cleave both target and non-target sequences. Read More

Food Chem 2022 Jun 25;395:133575. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. Electronic address:

As the requirements of modern society change, the demand for versatile food, which is not only nutritious but easily processed and preserved, is increasing. Chestnut, with vast economic value, is important in daily life and research. Compositionally, besides starch, chestnuts are also rich in protein, essential lipids, and various other compounds that scarce in other popular nuts. Read More

Cancer Treat Rev 2022 Jun 18;109:102430. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Identifying molecular oncogenic drivers is crucial for precision oncology. Genetic rearrangements, including gene fusions and gene amplification, involving and activating receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are recurrent in solid tumors, particularly in non-small cell lung cancer. Advances in the tools to detect these alterations have deepened our understanding of the underlying biology and tumor characteristics and have prompted the development of novel inhibitors targeting activated RTKs. Read More

Environ Int 2022 Jun 25;166:107372. Epub 2022 Jun 25.

Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.

Daycare centers (DCCs) are where infants and toddlers (0-4 years old) spend the most time besides their homes. Given their higher susceptibility to the effects of air pollutants, as compared to older children and adults, indoor air quality (IAQ) is regarded as an essential parameter to monitor in DCCs. Recent advances in IAQ monitoring technologies have enabled the deployment of low-cost air quality monitors (LCMs) and single sensors (LCSs) to continuously monitor various indoor environments, and their performance testing should also be performed in the intended indoor applications. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2022 Jun 21;147:105772. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Univ Coimbra, Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra, Department of Informatics Engineering, Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address:

The accurate identification of Drug-Target Interactions (DTIs) remains a critical turning point in drug discovery and understanding of the binding process. Despite recent advances in computational solutions to overcome the challenges of in vitro and in vivo experiments, most of the proposed in silico-based methods still focus on binary classification, overlooking the importance of characterizing DTIs with unbiased binding strength values to properly distinguish primary interactions from those with off-targets. Moreover, several of these methods usually simplify the entire interaction mechanism, neglecting the joint contribution of the individual units of each binding component and the interacting substructures involved, and have yet to focus on more explainable and interpretable architectures. Read More

Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022 Jun 28;76:102751. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

in vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, People's Republic of China; National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

The development of electrochemical biosensors has gained tremendous attention. Protein engineering has been applied for enhancing properties of native redox enzymes, such as selectivity, sensitivity, and stability required for applicable biosensors. This review highlights recent advances of protein engineering to improve enzymatic catalysis of biosensors, facilitate electron transfer and enzyme immobilization, and construct allosteric protein biosensors. Read More

Adv Nutr 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

International Life Sciences Institute, European Branch, Brussels, Belgium.

Humans often show variable responses to dietary, prebiotic, and probiotic interventions. Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota is a key determinant for this population heterogeneity. Here, we provide an overview of some of the major computational and experimental tools being applied to critical questions of microbiota-mediated personalized nutrition and health. Read More

Anal Chem 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, Empa, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.

The relative abundance of methane isotopologues offers key insights into the global methane (CH) cycle. Advances in laser spectroscopy enable routine high-precision measurements even for rare deuterated methane isotopologues, CHD and CHD, provided there are sufficiently high methane amount fractions and reproducible measurement conditions, which can be achieved by CH adsorption-desorption techniques. We present a new cryogen-free automated preconcentration device─CleanEx─designed for quantitative extraction of CH from large volumes of sample gas and for cleaning by stepwise temperature-controlled desorption to separate interferant gases. Read More

IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022 Jul 1;PP. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

The availability of large amounts of data from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), together with the latest advances in deep learning techniques, have opened the door to a new paradigm of algorithm design for personalized blood glucose (BG) prediction in type 1 diabetes (T1D) with superior performance. However, there are several challenges that prevent the widespread implementation of deep learning algorithms in actual clinical settings, including unclear prediction confidence and limited training data for new T1D subjects. To this end, we propose a novel deep learning framework, Fast-adaptive and Confident Neural Network (FCNN), to meet these clinical challenges. Read More

ACS Nano 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 518055, P.R. China.

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious threat to human health due to the overuse of antibiotics. Different antibiotics are being developed to treat resistant bacteria, but the development cycle of antibiotics is hard to keep up with the high incidence of antibiotic resistance. Recent advances in antimicrobial nanomaterials have made nanotechnology a powerful solution to this dilemma. Read More

STAR Protoc 2022 Jun 29;3(3):101506. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea. Electronic address:

Advances in long-read DNA sequencing technologies have enabled researchers to obtain high-quality genomes and finely resolve structural variants (SVs) in many species, even from small laboratories. The hands-on protocol presented here will guide you through the process of analyzing three different types of publicly available Drosophila melanogaster datasets obtained using current long-read sequencing technologies. We hope that this protocol will help in guiding researchers who are new to the process of long-read sequencing analysis. Read More

Br J Radiol 2022 Jul 1:20220212. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Radiation Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.

Objectives: Regarding the efficiency of Bu-Mel-based high-dose-chemotherapy (Bu-Mel-HDCT) and whole lung irradiation (WLI), the objective was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of this salvage sequence in Ewing Sarcoma (ES) lung relapses.

Methods: All eligible pediatric ES patients (1991-2020) identified in SFCE departments were retrospectively reviewed. Seven patients were diagnosed with a pulmonary relapse, isolated or not, naïve from both HCDT and WLI treated by the salvage sequence of conventional chemotherapy, Bu-Mel-HDCT and WLI. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Digestive Disease & Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio.

Despite the significant advances in the medical armamentarium for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), current treatment options have notable limitations. Durable remission rates remain low, loss of response is common, administration routes are largely parenteral for novel biologics, and medication safety remains a concern. This explains an ongoing unmet need for safe medications with novel mechanisms of action that are administered orally. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

MD Anderson Cancer Center, Pulmonary Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States;

Rationale: MUC5AC and MUC5B are the predominant secreted polymeric mucins in mammalian airways. They contribute differently to the pathogenesis of various muco-obstructive and interstitial lung diseases, and their genes are separately regulated, but whether they are packaged together or in separate secretory granules is not known.

Objectives: To determine the packaging of MUC5AC and MUC5B within individual secretory granules in mouse and human airways under varying conditions of inflammation and along the proximal-distal axis. Read More

Crit Rev Microbiol 2022 Jul 1:1-20. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China.

Urolithiasis, referred to as the formation of stones in the urinary tract, is a common disease with growing prevalence and high recurrence rate worldwide. Although researchers have endeavoured to explore the mechanism of urinary stone formation for novel effective therapeutic and preventative measures, the exact aetiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Propelled by sequencing technologies and culturomics, great advances have been made in understanding the pivotal contribution of the human microbiome to urolithiasis. Read More

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022 Jul 1. Epub 2022 Jul 1.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans and Children's Hospital New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Primary immunodeficiency is a group of disorders associated with susceptibility to infectious agents and the development of various comorbidities. Many primary immunodeficiencies are complicated by immune dysregulation, autoinflammation, or autoimmunity which impacts multiple organ systems. Major advances in the treatment of these disorders have occurred over the last half-century, and deeper molecular understanding of many disorders combined with clinically available genetic testing is allowing for use of precision therapy for several primary immunodeficiencies. Read More