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Dermatol Clin 2022 Jul;40(3):249-263

Division of Dermatology and Dentistry, Office of Inflammation and Immunology, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, WO22, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA.

The mission of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is to ensure the safety and effectiveness of dermatologic drugs, as authorized by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&CA). In this article, we discuss how the FDA's policies and practices have continued to evolve to incorporate scientific advances and to facilitate approval for dermatologic drugs in a timely manner for a broad spectrum of patients. We provide several examples to highlight areas where the Division of Dermatology and Dentistry found common ground with stakeholders to increase the therapeutic options for dermatologic patients, while still maintaining regulatory standards required for approval. Read More

Dermatol Clin 2022 Jul;40(3):237-248

Division of Therapeutic Performance, Office of Generic Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) regulatory authorities have significantly influenced the products available to treat dermatologic conditions, but at the same time, advances in dermatology have also influenced the FDA's approach, including the agency's evaluation of risks and its' communications to consumers, patients, and providers. This essay reviews significant milestones in the history of FDA's regulation of dermatologic products, with attention paid to significant products, impactful legal changes, and key personnel and organizational changes. Read More

J Genet Genomics 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China. Electronic address:

Pan-genomics can encompass most of the genetic diversity of a species or population and has proved to be a powerful tool for studying genomic evolution and the origin and domestication of species, and for providing information for plant improvement. Plant genomics has greatly progressed because of improvements in sequencing technologies and the rapid reduction of sequencing costs. Nevertheless, pan-genomics still presents many challenges, including computationally intensive assembly methods, high costs with large numbers of samples, ineffective integration of big data, and difficulty in applying it to downstream multi-omics analysis and breeding research. Read More

Transl Res 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Cambridge, MA, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

The kidney is a vital organ that regulates the bodily fluid and electrolyte homeostasis via tailored urinary excretion. Kidney injuries that cause severe or progressive chronic kidney disease have driven the growing population of patients with end-stage kidney disease, leading to substantial patient morbidity and mortality. This irreversible kidney damage has also created a huge socioeconomical burden on the healthcare system, highlighting the need for novel translational research models for progressive kidney diseases. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, PR China. Electronic address:

Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanisms are a series of adaptive responses that ensure the relative stability of mitochondrial morphology, quantity, and quality to preserve cellular survival and function. While MQC mechanisms range from mitochondrial biogenesis and fusion/fission to mitophagy, mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) may represent an essential component of MQC. MDVs precede mitochondrial autophagy and serve as the first line of defense against oxidative stress by selectively transferring damaged mitochondrial substances to the lysosome for degradation. Read More

Am J Pathol 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Vestibular schwannomas (VSs), which develop from Schwann cells (SCs) of the vestibular nerve, are the most prevalent benign tumors of the cerebellopontine angle and internal auditory canal. Despite advances in treatment, the cellular components and mechanisms of VS tumor progression remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on clinically surgically isolated VS samples and clarified their cellular composition in a sophisticated manner, including the heterogeneous Schwann cell subtypes. Read More

Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.

Soc Sci Med 2022 Jun 2;306:115102. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Geographical and Earth Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

The conditions under which people labour in mental health research affect how and what knowledge is produced - and who benefits or doesn't from involvement in health research systems. There has been, however, little sustained investigation of the uneven modalities of labour exploitation across what are increasingly financialised systems of mental health research. This theoretical paper advances conceptual and empirical investigations of labour in health research - outlining how material precarity and epistemic precarity often go hand in hand, and largely drawing on examples from the UK. Read More

Phys Med 2022 Jun 21;100:64-71. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France. Electronic address:

Proton minibeam radiation therapy (pMBRT) is a novel therapeutic strategy that combines the normal tissue sparing of sub-millimetric, spatially fractionated beams with the improved ballistics of protons. This may allow a safe dose escalation in the tumour and has already proven to provide a remarkable increase of the therapeutic index for high-grade gliomas in animal experiments. One of the main challenges in pMBRT concerns the generation of minibeams and the implementation in a clinical environment. Read More

J Chromatogr A 2022 Jun 2;1676:463195. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

The safety requirements for vaccines are extremely high since they are administered to healthy people. For that reason, vaccine development is time-consuming and very expensive. Reducing time-to-market is key for pharmaceutical companies, saving lives and money. Read More

Curr Opin Genet Dev 2022 Jun 21;75:101928. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK. Electronic address:

In vertebrates, neural crest cells (NCCs) are a multipotent embryonic population generating both neural/neuronal and mesenchymal derivatives, and thus the neural crest (NC) is often referred to as the fourth germ layer. NC development is a dynamic process, where NCCs possess substantial plasticity in transcriptional and epigenomic profiles. Recent technical advances in single-cell and low-input sequencing have empowered fine-resolution characterisation of NC development. Read More

Epidemics 2022 Jun 17;40:100597. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

WorldPop, School of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Southampton, UK.

The Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the value of strong surveillance systems in supporting our abilities to respond rapidly and effectively in mitigating the impacts of infectious diseases. A cornerstone of such systems is basic subnational scale data on populations and their demographics, which enable the scale of outbreaks to be assessed, risk to specific groups to be determined and appropriate interventions to be designed. Ongoing weaknesses and gaps in such data have however been highlighted by the pandemic. Read More

Curr Opin Pharmacol 2022 Jun 21;65:102259. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; MBIB Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. Electronic address:

Blinding diseases that are caused by degeneration of rod and cone photoreceptor cells often spare the rest of the retinal circuit, from bipolar cells, which are directly innervated by photoreceptor cells, to the output ganglion cells that project axons to the brain. A strategy for restoring vision is to introduce light sensitivity to the surviving cells of the retina. One approach is optogenetics, in which surviving cells are virally transfected with a gene encoding a signaling protein that becomes sensitive to light by binding to the biologically available chromophore retinal, the same chromophore that is used by the opsin photo-detectors of rods and cones. Read More

Food Chem 2022 Jun 18;394:133519. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Marmara University, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Poultry is one of the fastest growing industries due to advantages in land use, rapid production and advances in feed technology. The rising trend in the consumption of poultry meat over the last 50 years has also increased concerns about food safety. Campylobacter jejuniis the leading bacterial cause of gastroenteritis, the foremost cause of foodborne deaths. Read More

Bioorg Med Chem 2022 Jun 18;69:116882. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Life Sciences, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, Shanxi, China; Department of Chemistry, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, Shanxi, China. Electronic address:

Steroids modification for improving their biological activities is one of the most efficient and fruitful methods to develop novel medicines. Steroids with aza-heterocycles attaching to the C-17 owing various biological activities have received great attentions and some of the compounds are developed successfully as drugs. In this review, the research of the syntheses and biological activities of steroids bearing various aza-heterocycles published in the last 8 years is assembled, and some important structure-activity relationships (SARs) of active compounds are presented. Read More

Infant Behav Dev 2022 Jun 21;68:101740. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Linguistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

The present study examines the language environments of bilingually-raised Latinx infants (n = 37) to characterize the relation between exposure to electronic media and infants' language input, with a specific focus on parentese, a near-universal style of infant-directed speech, distinguished by its higher pitch, slower tempo, and exaggerated intonation. Previous research shows that parentese and parent-infant turn-taking are both associated with advances in children's language learning. Here we test the hypothesis that exposure to electronic media is associated with a reduction in these two social features of language input. Read More

Curr Opin Urol 2022 Jul;32(4):352-357

Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose Of Review: Nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is the most frequent bladder cancer and represents around 75% of bladder cancers. This review will discuss known challenges and recent advances in staging, grading and treatment stratification based on pathology.

Recent Findings: Pathological staging and grading in NMIBC remains challenging and different techniques exist. Read More

Am J Ther 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Universitatea Transilvania, BraÅŸov, Romania; and.

Background: Clozapine is the only approved antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Despite its therapeutic benefits, it is still widely underused, mainly because of its potential to cause agranulocytosis and neutropenia. Prescribing clozapine in COVID-19-positive patients became more challenging because of this potential side effect. Read More

Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Medicine (C5121), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: Type 1 (T1D) and 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with increased risk of fracture independent of bone mineral density (BMD). Fracture risk prediction tools can identify individuals at highest risk, and therefore, most likely to benefit from antifracture therapy. This review summarizes recent advances in fracture prediction tools as applied to individuals with diabetes. Read More

JCO Oncol Pract 2022 Jun 24:OP2200174. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.

Purpose: As the role of clinical ethics consultation in health care advances, there are calls to standardize the process of consultation. The Ethics Committee at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) hypothesized that the process of requesting an ethics consultation could be improved by instituting an electronic health record (EHR) order for consultation requests. This report summarizes the impact of adopting an EHR order for ethics consultation requests at MSK. Read More

Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Clinical Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.

Introduction: Despite recent advances in the treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the clinical outcome of patients continues to be unsatisfactory especially among older patients, those with a high-risk profile, and in the relapsed/refractory setting. For this reason, recent clinical trials have explored novel therapeutic agents either used alone or in combination with intensive chemotherapy or low-intensity treatments.

Areas Covered: The current paper reviews the clinical development of monoclonal antibody-based therapies in AML, their current status and phases 2 and 3 prospective trials. Read More

Cancer Res 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a master regulator of cell growth that controls cell homeostasis in response to nutrients, growth factors, and other environmental cues. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of lysosomes as a hub for nutrient sensing, especially amino acid sensing by mTORC1. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the amino acid-mTORC1 signaling axis and the role of mTORC1 in cancer. Read More

Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022 Jun 24:1-20. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Botany, university of Bahauddin Zakariya, Multan, Pakistan.

Fabricating novel biosensing constructs with high sensitivity and selectivity is highly demanded in food contaminants detection. In this prospect, various nanostructured materials were envisaged to build (bio)sensors with superior sensitivity and selectivity. The desirable biocompatibility, brilliant mechanical strength, ease of surface functionalization, as well as tunable optical and electronic features, portray 2D MXenes as versatile scaffolds for biosensing. Read More

Am Surg 2022 Jun 24:31348221091943. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Division of Plastic Surgery, 14434University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Medical photography has become essential to patient care, trainee education, and research in highly visual specialties such as plastic surgery. As smartphone technology advances, plastic surgeons and trainees are using their personal smartphones to take medical photographs prompting ethical and legal concerns about patient consent and privacy. This study aims to determine the prevalence of personal smartphone use for patient photography among plastic surgery trainees, evaluate encryption practices, and establish understanding of current guidelines. Read More

Rev Bras Med Vet 2021 15;43:e003221. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

Veterinarian, DSc., Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Animais (PPGCA), Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Brasília, DF, Brazil.

Animal diseases can be both a precursor to social instability and a result of social instability. For disease outbreaks to be prevented or even quickly controlled, an efficient and well-structured veterinary service is fundamental. The monitoring of the efficiency of an official veterinary service (OVS) by official audits is a condition for the progress of an efficient way to control and eradicate diseases. Read More

Rev Bras Med Vet 2022 14;44:e003521. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Veterinarian, DSc. Departamento de Zootecnia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sertão Pernambucano (IF-Sertão). Petrolina Zona Rural, PE, Brazil.

The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine brucellosis in slaughterhouses in the state of Ceará using spatial distribution and flow network analysis. Four slaughterhouses were sampled in Ceará: two under municipal inspection and two under state inspection. Blood samples were randomly collected from bovine animals, resulting in a total of 964 samples. Read More

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

GENYO. Center for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Av de la Ilustración 114, Parque Tecnológico de La Salud, 18016, Granada, Spain.

Systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjögren's syndrome are four major autoimmune rheumatic diseases characterized by the presence of autoantibodies, caused by a dysregulation of the immune system that leads to a wide variety of clinical manifestations. These conditions present complex etiologies strongly influenced by multiple environmental and genetic factors. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region was the first locus identified to be associated and still represents the strongest susceptibility factor for each of these conditions, particularly the HLA class II genes, including DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1, but class I genes have also been associated. Read More

J Clin Immunol 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Laboratory for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.

We report the updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. This report documents the key clinical and laboratory features of 55 novel monogenic gene defects, and 1 phenocopy due to autoantibodies, that have either been discovered since the previous update (published January 2020) or were characterized earlier but have since been confirmed or expanded in subsequent studies. While variants in additional genes associated with immune diseases have been reported in the literature, this update includes only those that the committee assessed that reached the necessary threshold to represent novel inborn errors of immunity. Read More

Analyst 2022 Jun 24. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China.

Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a simple and isothermal DNA amplification technique that is used to generate thousands of repeating DNA sequences using circular templates under the catalysis of DNA polymerase. Compared to alternating temperature nucleic acid amplification such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, RCA is more suitable for on-spot detection without the need for an expensive thermal cycler. In this study, the principle and classification of RCA are introduced, and the applications of RCA in the detection of pathogenic bacteria, nucleic acid tumor markers, viruses, and proteins are reviewed. Read More

Expert Rev Hematol 2022 Jun 24:1-18. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA.

Hemophilia, von Willebrand disease (VWD), and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) are rare diseases affecting normal hemostasis. Although they differ in their pathogenesis and clinical manifestation, if left undiagnosed and untreated, all these conditions can result in severe long-term consequences and can be potentially life-threatening. This article summarizes a poster series funded by Takeda and presented virtually at the 29th annual congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) in 2021: Data from real-world evidence highlight the importance of joint health and personalized prophylaxis to prevent bleeding for patients with hemophilia, the need to further raise disease awareness in support of timely diagnosis and access to treatment in general practice settings for patients with VWD, and describe the clinical burden for patients with TTP and the importance to advance treatment options for these patients. Read More