Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2012 Nov;7(6):637-645

a Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 222-0036, Japan.

The US and Japanese Endocrine Societies recently both developed a therapeutic guideline for primary aldosteronism (PA). These guidelines indicate that differential diagnosis between PA caused by aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (or idiopathic hyperaldosteronism [IHA]) is important and critical for treatment choice, while they show some inconsistency due to different frequencies of disorders and medical circumstances in respective countries. Japanese Endocrine Society guidelines have a unique description on the adrenal vein sampling (AVS) against microAPA, detection of which is difficult with current imaging tools and thus is frequently misdiagnosed as IHA. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2019 Feb 7;2019. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

A 29-year-old G4A3 woman presented at 25 weeks of pregnancy with progressive signs of Cushing's syndrome (CS), gestational diabetes requiring insulin and hypertension. A 3.4 × 3. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 6;12(2). Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Internal Medicine, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Cushing's syndrome is known to present with a characteristic set of clinical manifestations and complications, well described in literature. However, hypercoagulability remains an under recognised entity in Cushing's syndrome. A 31-year-old woman from Southern India presented with history of fever, left upper quadrant pain and progressive breathing difficulty for 3 weeks. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, College of Medicine.

Background: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of secondary hypertension. Among the many leading causes of PA, the two most frequent are, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) and aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA). Since a solitary APA may be cured surgically, but BAH needs lifelong pharmacologic therapy, confirmation is mandatory before surgery. Read More

Insights Imaging 2019 Jan 25;10(1). Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, Università degli studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro 127, 90127, Palermo, Italy.

The widespread use of imaging examinations has increased the detection of incidental adrenal lesions, which are mostly benign and non-functioning adenomas. The differentiation of a benign from a malignant adrenal mass can be crucial especially in oncology patients since it would greatly affect treatment and prognosis. In this setting, imaging plays a key role in the detection and characterization of adrenal lesions, with several imaging tools which can be employed by radiologists. Read More

Vitam Horm 2019 23;109:285-302. Epub 2018 Dec 23.

Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia. Electronic address:

Primary aldosteronism (PA), currently recognized to be 5-10% of hypertension, has a cardiovascular risk profile double that in age-, sex-, and blood pressure-matched essential hypertensives. Screening for PA is by determining the plasma aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR), followed by one of half a dozen confirmatory/exclusion tests. Unilateral hyperaldosteronism normally reflects an aldosterone producing adenoma; bilateral disease is the more common form, and termed idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2019 Jan 23;19(1):14. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Hyperandrogenemia is more common in puberty and reproductive age, but relatively rare in postmenopausal women. Postmenopausal virilization may result from androgen-producing tumors. Androgen-secreting adrenal tumors are rare in clinical practice and are diagnosed as adrenocortical carcinoma, most of which can co-secrete androgen and cortisol. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Jan 1. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Body Imaging Section, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Box 358081, 825 Eastlake Ave E, G2-600, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.

Objectives: To investigate whether the histogram analysis method of characterizing adrenal nodules as adenomas is affected by increased noise with modern CT technique, and if an extension that allows for noise correction will improve diagnostic performance.

Materials And Methods: This is a HIPAA-compliant, IRB-approved retrospective study performed on 58 total patients. The first group of 29 patients had 33 adrenal lesions that were pathology-proven non-adenomas. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 Dec 21. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Endocrinology, The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Incorporating the National Children's Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland.

Introduction: The aldosterone/renin ratio is the initial screening test for primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA), but little data exists regarding ethnic variations in this.

Methods: Following clinical observation of a high prevalence of abnormal aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) in patients of African-origin, we retrospectively reviewed all ARR measurements in a single centre over 10 years. Rates of hypokalaemia, intraventricular septal thickness (IVS, by echocardiography) and adrenal imaging were recorded when available. Read More

Hypertension 2018 Dec;72(6):1345-1354

From the Department of Biochemistry (Y.S., M.S., K.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Primary aldosteronism is a secondary hypertensive disease caused by autonomous aldosterone production that often caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). Immunohistochemistry of aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) shows the presence of aldosterone-producing cell clusters (APCCs) even in non-primary aldosteronism adult adrenal cortex. An APCC-like structure also exists as possible APCC-to-APA transitional lesions (a speculative designation) in primary aldosteronism adrenals. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13369

Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome.

Rationale: Catecholamine-producing tumors are rare, occurring in less than 0.2% of patients with hypertension, but can have relevant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Patient Concerns: A 37-year-old woman presented with a history of dyspnea, chest pain, palpitations, and paroxysmal hypertension. Read More

Hinyokika Kiyo 2018 Nov;64(11):435-438

The Department of Urology, Osaka National Hospital.

A 69-year-old woman was admitted to the previous hospital because of a right adrenal tumor detected by a medical checkup. Although the tumor was diagnosed as non-functional adrenal adenoma, abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a left renal mass which was suspected to be renal cell carcinoma. Chest CT seeking for metastatic lesions revealed lung cancer of the left lung. Read More

EPMA J 2018 Dec 21;9(4):421-429. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

7Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, Los Angeles, CA USA.

Objectives: This study aims to define a radiomic signature for pre-operative differentiation between subclinical pheochromocytoma (sPHEO) and lipid-poor adrenal adenoma (LPA) in adrenal incidentaloma. The goal was to apply a predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach to the management of adrenal tumors.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 265 consecutive patients (training cohort, 212 (LPA, 145; sPHEO, 67); validation cohort, 53 (LPA, 36; sPHEO, 17)). Read More

Horm Metab Res 2019 Jan 6;51(1):62-68. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Cross-sectional studies in small and selected populations report a high prevalence of hypercortisolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), which could have therapeutic implications, if confirmed. We therefore estimated the prevalence of hypercortisolism in a large and unselected cohort of recently diagnosed T2D patients. Consecutive patients with recently diagnosed T2D first underwent an overnight dexamethasone (1 mg) suppression test (OD). Read More

Br J Radiol 2019 Feb 28;92(1094):20180429. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

1 Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital , Beijing , China.

Objective:: To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic values of absolute percentage washout ratio (APW) and relative percentage washout ratio (RPW) obtained from a short time delay triphasic enhanced CT in distinguishing adenomas from non-adenomas.

Methods:: The study population consisted of 116 patients (58 males and 58 females; mean age, 52 years; age range, 23-89 years) with 116 adrenal masses from 2010 to 2016. Absolute attenuation values in each phase of CT were measured, and then the APW and RPW were calculated. Read More

J Hypertens 2019 Mar;37(3):603-611

Division of Clinical Hypertension, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

: Nowadays most patients diagnosed with surgically curable primary aldosteronism have small or micro aldosterone-producing adenoma or unilateral micronodular hyperplasia, which are undetectable with available imaging technologies. Therefore, a negative imaging test by no means excludes unilateral primary aldosteronism. Moreover, about 10% of the subjects above the age of 35 years have nonfunctioning adrenal tumors, regardless of being hypertensive or not, with a prevalence that raises with aging. Read More

Surgery 2019 Jan 7;165(1):211-218. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Department of Surgery, Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Background: Unilateral primary aldosteronism is surgically curable. The goal of this study was to examine outcomes based on preoperative imaging findings.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with primary aldosteronism who underwent adrenal vein sampling. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2018 Nov 2;108:184-188. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.

Objective: To investigate whether lipid metabolism-related factors regulate unenhanced CT attenuation in adrenal adenoma (AA).

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients with surgically proven AAs were enrolled in this study. The patients' underlying diseases were the following: primary aldosteronism (n = 24), Cushing's syndrome (n = 8), subclinical Cushing's syndrome (n = 3) and non-functioning AA (n = 1). Read More

Chirurg 2019 Jan;90(1):3-8

Klinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45127, Essen, Deutschland.

An adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass detected on imaging that was not performed for suspected adrenal disease. The prevalence is approximately 3% and increases up to 10% in older people. The risk of malignancy and a hormone excess have to be evaluated. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Nov;31(11):1285-1288

Fellow Pediatric Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Background Cushing's syndrome (CS) or hypercortisolism results from disruption of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis with the resultant increase in the circulating serum and urinary cortisol levels and lack of cortisol circadian rhythm. The resultant effects cause the physical manifestation of hypercortisolism. The appearance of Cushing's disease in children is insidious, the most common features being growth failure, obesity, early puberty and facial appearance. Read More

J Cancer 2018 8;9(19):3577-3582. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, Los Angeles, CA.

To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of machine learning based texture analysis of unenhanced CT images in differentiating subclinical pheochromocytoma (sPHEO) from lipid-poor adenoma (LPA) in adrenal incidentaloma (AI). Seventy-nine patients with 80 LPA and 29 patients with 30 sPHEO were included in the study. Texture parameters were derived using imaging software (MaZda). Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018 Sep;8(8):853-875

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.

Besides ultrasound and nuclear medicine techniques, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly used to examine adrenal lesions in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Some adrenal lesions have characteristic radiological features. If an adrenal nodule is discovered incidentally, determining whether the lesion is benign or malignant is of great importance. Read More

Ochsner J 2018 ;18(2):170-175

Department of Radiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited syndrome caused by mutations in the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. The diagnosis is defined clinically by the presence of 2 or more primary MEN1 tumors (parathyroid, anterior pituitary, and pancreatic islet). We describe the case of a patient who presented with classic history and imaging findings for MEN1. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2018 Mar 21;2(1):30-39. Epub 2017 Dec 21.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Objective: To characterize large adrenal tumors (≥4 cm in diameter) and to identify features associated with malignancy.

Patients And Methods: We investigated the clinical, biochemical, and imaging characteristics in a large retrospective single-center cohort of patients with adrenal tumors of 4 cm or more in diameter during the period of January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2014.

Results: Of 4085 patients with adrenal tumors, 705 (17%) had adrenal masses measuring 4 cm or more in diameter; of these, 373 (53%) were women, with a median age of 59 years (range, 18-91 years) and median tumor size of 5. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Sep 15;19:1096-1102. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Department of General Surgery, Istituto Clinico Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, Italy.

BACKGROUND Adrenocortical oncocytic neoplasms (AONs) are extremely rare tumors. AONs are classified as: oncocytoma (AO), oncocytic neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (AONUMP), and oncocytic carcinoma (AOC). Among the 162 reported cases of AONs in the literature, 30 cases were classified as malignant. Read More

Intern Med 2019 Feb 12;58(3):405-409. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan.

We herein present the case of a 27-year-old woman with clinical and biochemical features of virilism. Imaging studies revealed the presence of a bilateral adrenal tumor. Although the secretion of androgens was remarkable, the autonomous production of cortisol was also evident because of a loss of circadian rhythm and the absence of cortisol suppression by dexamethasone. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Nov 12;211(5):1044-1050. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

1 Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, The University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether adrenal metastases can be reliably differentiated from adenomas at single-phase contrast-enhanced CT.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-one consecutive patients from a single-institution lung cancer registry (40 metastases and 36 adenomas) who underwent single-phase contrast-enhanced CT at baseline diagnosis were retrospectively studied by two radiologists (blinded to the diagnoses) who independently evaluated four features previously described in adenomas: smooth margin, rim enhancement, central vein sign (preserved adrenal vein), and homogeneity (using a 5-point Likert scale). A third radiologist measured size and attenuation and performed quantitative texture analysis. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 4;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Internal Medicine, Providence Health System, Washington, District of Colombia, USA.

A 77-year-old woman was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma followed by adrenalectomy at age 57. Hyperparathyroidism without osteoprosis was diagnosed at age 58. At age 75, Dual Energy X-ray Absoptiometry (DEXA) revealed osteoporosis and sestamibi scan showed a left parathyroid adenoma. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2018 Aug 20;16(1):173. Epub 2018 Aug 20.

Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85, Jiefangnan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.

Background: Situs inversus totalis is a relatively rare congenital anomaly. Performing the retrolaparoscopic adrenalectomy for the patient with situs inversus totalis is a skill-demanding and challenging surgical task, which has been even more rarely reported.

Case Presentation: We present a case with a large right adrenal mass (10. Read More

World J Surg Oncol 2018 Aug 16;16(1):171. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Military Institution of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.

Backgrounds: Retroperitoneoscopic surgery has shown advantages in urological surgery. However, its application in pancreatic surgery for neoplasm is rare. Robotic surgical system with its magnified view and flexible instruments may provide a superior alternative to conventional laparoscopic system in retroperitoneoscopic surgery. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2018 Oct 3;13(5):949-951. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Via Luigi Polacchi, 11, 66100 Chieti, Italy.

A 47-year-old female diagnosed with well-differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma was referred to our center for a Iodine whole body scintigraphy as follow-up. The patient had been previously treated with total thyroidectomy and ablative dose of 175mCi I three years ago. Diagnostic I scan showed a zone of radioiodine uptake in posterior aspect of the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Read More

Surgery 2018 Nov 4;164(5):972-977. Epub 2018 Aug 4.

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, OH. Electronic address:

Background: A number of small studies have reported the use of indocyanine green imaging during adrenalectomy. Nevertheless, imaging properties of different tumors and the indications for indocyanine green imaging use in adrenalectomy have not been defined.

Methods: This is an Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database. Read More

Radiologia 2018 Nov - Dec;60(6):485-492. Epub 2018 Aug 2.

Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, España.

Objectives: To use the mDIXON-Quant sequence to quantify the fat fraction of adrenal lesions discovered incidentally on CT studies. To analyze the relation between the signal loss between in-phase and out-of-phase T1-weighted sequences and the fat fraction in mDIXON-Quant. To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods for characterizing adrenal lesions. Read More

Eur Urol 2018 Aug 1. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.

Background: In the era of minimally invasive surgery, partial adrenalectomy has certainly been underused. We aimed to report surgical technique and perioperative, pathologic, and early functional outcomes of a two-center robot-assisted partial adrenalectomy (RAPA) series.

Objective: To detail surgical technique of RAPA for unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (UAPA), and to report perioperative and 1-yr functional outcomes. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Aug;38(8):4767-4773

Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Aim: To elucidate the relationship among tumor attenuation of pre-contrast-enhanced (TApre) computed tomography (CT), washout rate and clear cell ratio (CCR) in adrenal adenoma (AA) and propose a new approach for diagnosing AA on dynamic CT.

Materials And Methods: The training set consisted of 43 AAs and 15 non-AAs, while the validation set comprised 44 AAs and 11 non-AAs. Using the training set, the pairwise correlation between CCR, TApre and washout rate in AA was evaluated by linear regression analysis. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 Nov 21;89(5):586-595. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrine Unit, Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Context: Although metabolic syndrome has been studied in patients with autonomous cortisol secretion, there are limited data for those with nonfunctioning adrenal incidentaloma (NFAI).

Objective: To assess metabolic syndrome frequency in NFAI patients and controls without adrenal adenoma according to World Health Organization (WHO), National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology (AACE/ACE) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria.

Design: Retrospective and transversal study. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2018 Aug;45(3):365-387

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Various pathologies can affect the adrenal gland. Noninvasive cross-sectional imaging is used for evaluating adrenal masses. Accurate diagnosis of adrenal lesions is critical, especially in cancer patients; the presence of adrenal metastasis changes prognosis and treatment. Read More

Eur Radiol 2019 Feb 16;29(2):806-817. Epub 2018 Jul 16.

Department of Radiology, Dresden University Hospital, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.

Objectives: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data to evaluate the utility of chemical shift imaging (CSI) for differentiating between adrenal adenomas and non-adenomas.

Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials electronic databases was performed. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by using the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) tool. Read More

Lung India 2018 Jul-Aug;35(4):364-366

Provincial Health Care, Institute of Anatomic Pathology, Rovereto Hospital, Rovereto, Italy.

Minerva Endocrinol 2019 Mar 2;44(1):33-42. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital, University of Turin, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.

In current practice, an adrenal adenoma usually comes as an unexpected byproduct of an imaging study performed for unrelated reasons, without any prior suspect of adrenal disease. Therefore, these tumors currently represent a public health challenge because they are increasingly recognized due to the widespread use of high-resolution cross-sectional imaging for diagnostic purposes. In radiology series, the prevalence of adrenal adenomas increases steeply with age, from around 3% below the age of 50 years up to 10% in the ageing population. Read More

Surg Endosc 2018 Nov 25;32(11):4649-4657. Epub 2018 Jun 25.

Department of General Surgery, Grant Government Medical College & Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, 6th floor, Hospital Building, Sir JJ Hospital Campus, Sir JJ Marg, Byculla, Mumbai, 400008, India.

Background: Indo-Cyanine Green Fluorescence is an emerging technology with more frequent use in laparoscopic and robotic surgery. It relies on near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence to demonstrate tissue perfusion with demarcation of tissue planes and vascular pedicles. The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of this technology in laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA). Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Jan;44(1):154-179

National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Medical Imaging Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Bilateral adrenal abnormalities are not infrequently encountered during routine daily radiology practice. The differential diagnoses of bilateral adrenal abnormalities include neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities. The bilateral adrenal tumors include metastasis, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma, adenoma, and myelolipoma. Read More

Radiol Med 2018 Nov 19;123(11):833-840. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Radiology, Sacro Cuore Hospital, Negrar, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of wash-out parameters calculated using multiple intermediate and delayed phases.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study had institutional review board approval and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Between January 2012 and October 2016, 108 consecutive oncologic patients (59 males, 49 females, mean age 52. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2018 Jun 19;18(1):41. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.

Background: Pheochromocytoma, especially for noncatecholamine-secreting pheochromocytoma, is an extremely rare cause of ectopic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) syndrome.

Case Presentation: A 27-year-old Chinese woman was administered dexamethasone for a skin allergy, but her general condition rapidly deteriorated over a month. She was subsequently hospitalized for typical clinical features of Cushing's syndrome. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2018 Jun 14;48(3):548-553. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Background/aim: In parallel with increased frequency and higher quality of imaging techniques, the prevalence of adrenal adenoma has gradually increased. However, despite the growing incidence, the metabolic and tumorigenesis processes involved in its etiology are still unclear. Although visfatin has been reported to be associated with inflammation and tumorigenesis, its role in adrenal adenoma has not yet been investigated. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jun 8;2018. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Endocrinology, St. Francis Medical Center, Trenton, New Jersey, USA.

A 53-year-old African man with a 25-year history of uncontrolled hypertension and systolic heart failure presented with an acute congestive heart failure exacerbation. He was found to have severe hypokalaemia, so additional testing was performed, and primary aldosteronism was confirmed. CT scan showed a 1. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 Sep 26;89(3):308-313. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Department of Endocrinology, Monash Health, Clayton, Vic., Australia.

Background: The saline suppression test (SST) serves to confirm the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism (PA) whilst adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is used to determine whether the aldosterone hypersecretion is unilateral or bilateral. An accurate prediction of bilateral PA based on SST results could reduce the need for AVS.

Aim: We sought to identify SST parameters that reliably predict bilateral PA. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 May;97(19):e0676

Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea.

Rationale: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a syndrome caused by acute hemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland, generally within a pituitary adenoma. PA following spinal surgery is a very rare complication and may be difficult to diagnose. However, early diagnosis of PA is essential for the timely treatment of pan-hypopituitarism and prevention of severe neurologic complications. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 May 9. Epub 2018 May 9.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.

Context: Diagnosis of paragangliomas (PGL) and phaeochromocytomas (PC) can be challenging particularly if the tumour is small. Detection of metastatic disease is important for comprehensive management of malignant PC/PGL. Somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI) agents have high sensitivity for these tumours, particularly the DOTA family of radiopharmaceuticals labelled with Gallium. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Jul 30;53:153-159. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Cushing's disease (CD) is a condition characterized by excess glucocorticoid from an ACTH pituitary adenoma. Identifying surgical candidates represents a major diagnostic challenge. We performed a root cause analysis (RCA) of treatment failures for patients with suspected CD. Read More