Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Diagn Interv Radiol 2022 May;28(3):208-216

Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.

PURPOSE Differentiation of incidental adrenal lesions remains a challenge in diagnostic imaging, especially on single-phase portal venous computed tomography (CT) in the oncological setting. The aim of the study was to explore the ability of dual-energy CT (DECT)-based iodine quantification and virtual non-contrast (VNC) imaging and advanced radiomic analysis of DECT for differentiation of adrenal adenomas from metastases. METHODS A total of 46 patients with 49 adrenal lesions underwent clinically indicated staging DECT and magnetic resonance imaging. Read More

Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021 Dec 28;44(1):128-138. Epub 2021 Dec 28.

Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan.

Primary aldosteronism is most often caused by aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bi-lateral adrenal hyperplasia. Most APAs are caused by somatic mutations of various ion channels and pumps, the most common being the inward-rectifying potassium channel . Germ line mutations of cause familial hyperaldosteronism type 3 (FH3), which is associated with severe hyperaldosteronism and hypertension. Read More

Eur Radiol 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, C1 Radiology, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Objectives: To evaluate the T2-weighted (T2W) MRI calculator to differentiate adrenal pheochromocytoma from lipid-poor adrenal adenoma.

Methods: Twenty-nine consecutive pheochromocytomas resected between 2010 and 2019 were compared to 23 consecutive lipid-poor adrenal adenomas. Three blinded radiologists (R1, R2, R3) subjectively evaluated T2W signal intensity and heterogeneity and extracted T2W signal intensity ratio (SIR) and entropy. Read More

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Research Center, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), CHUM 900 Saint-Denis Street, H2X 0A9, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Endogenous Cushing's syndrome (CS) is rare during pregnancy, probably because hypercortisolism induces anovulation and infertility. To date, slightly above 200 cases have been reported in the literature. The most frequent etiology of CS diagnosed during gestation is from primary adrenal causes, namely adrenal adenomas and an entity called pregnancy-induced CS. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jun 3;101(22):e29274. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Division of Endocrinology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Rationale: Pituitary apoplexy occurs in about 8% of those with nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. Subsequent hormone deficiency, especially corticotropic deficiency, is the most common finding. We describe the unusual manifestations of adrenal insufficiency that are usually overlooked in such cases, with the aim of raising awareness of this disease. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jan-Feb;26(1):73-78. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Context: Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are seen in around 2% of apparently healthy individuals. These require careful evaluation for the hormone excess state and the presence of malignancy prior to intervention.

Aims: To study the clinical, biochemical, and imaging characteristics of the patients with AI and correlate the diagnosis with the histopathology findings in patients undergoing surgery. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 Jun 3;12(1):9276. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.

Cases in which bilateral adrenal I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) scintigraphy accumulation is sometimes shown, with mildly elevated catecholamine (CA) or metanephrine (MN) levels (within 3 times the upper reference limit) are diagnostic dilemmas. We experienced 3 cases of adrenal incidentalomas with this dilemma in the differential diagnosis. The clinical diagnosis was subclinical Cushing's syndrome in 2 cases, and primary aldosteronism in 1. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 25;12(1):8892. Epub 2022 May 25.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

We performed the present study to investigate the role of computed tomography (CT) radiomics in differentiating nonfunctional adenoma and aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and outcome prediction in patients with clinically suspected primary aldosteronism (PA). This study included 60 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension (EH) with nonfunctional adenoma on CT and 91 patients with unilateral surgically proven APA. Each whole nodule on unenhanced and venous phase CT images was segmented manually and randomly split into training and test sets at a ratio of 8:2. Read More

AACE Clin Case Rep 2022 May-Jun;8(3):105-108. Epub 2021 Nov 26.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Hormonal and Metabolic Research Unit, Excellence Center in Diabetes, Hormone and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.

Objective: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis stimulation during pregnancy complicates the investigation of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Our objective was to present the case of a pregnant patient with CS caused by a pituitary tumor in whom the desmopressin stimulation test helped in the diagnosis and led to appropriate management.

Case Report: A 27-year-old woman with 9-week gestation presented with a 2-month history of proximal myopathy. Read More

Front Oncol 2022 29;12:888778. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Radiology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.

Background: It is difficult for radiologists to differentiate adrenal lipid-poor adenomas from non-adenomas; nevertheless, this differentiation is important as the clinical interventions required are different for adrenal lipid-poor adenomas and non-adenomas.

Purpose: To develop an unenhanced computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model for identifying adrenal lipid-poor adenomas to assist in clinical decision-making.

Materials And Methods: Patients with adrenal lesions who underwent CT between January 2015 and August 2021 were retrospectively recruited from two independent institutions. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022 Jul 13;47(7):2462-2467. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Medical Imaging, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Purpose: To establish if virtual non-contrast (VNC) images generated from contrast-enhanced detector-based spectral CT could replace true non-contrast (TNC) imaging for the characterisation of adrenal masses.

Methods: TNC and VNC images were retrospectively reviewed for 39 patients with one or more adrenal lesions who underwent contrast-enhanced spectral CT of the upper abdomen. Lesions were categorised as either 'adenoma' or 'indeterminate/other lesion' based on current reference standards. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2022 Jul 10;47(7):2453-2461. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Avenue, C1 Radiology, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Objective: To compare diagnostic accuracy of washout (WO)-CT to chemical shift (CS)-MRI + T2W adrenal MRI Calculator (T2W-Calculator) to diagnose adrenal adenoma in indeterminate adrenal masses.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional, non-inferiority study evaluated 40 consecutive indeterminate adrenal masses; each with WO-CT and MRI. Two blinded radiologists independently evaluated in mixed order: pre-contrast attenuation (Hounsfield Units, HU) and absolute WO ([Peak. Read More

Case Rep Neurol 2022 Jan-Apr;14(1):157-161. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Putrajaya, Putrajaya, Malaysia.

Pituitary adenoma can manifest as pituitary hypofunction, which can cause symptoms of panhypopituitarism. Commonly, symptoms of hormonal deficiencies such as lethargy, weight change, cold intolerance, and sexual dysfunction are reported. Optic chiasmal compression leads to visual field changes and the discovery of the pituitary lesion. Read More

Br J Radiol 2022 Jul 9;95(1135):20211066. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Clinical Radiology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objective: To develop and validate deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) models for the diagnosis of adrenal adenoma (AA) using CT.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 112 patients who underwent abdominal CT (non-contrast, early, and delayed phases) with 107 adrenal lesions (83 AAs and 24 non-AAs) confirmed pathologically and with 8 lesions confirmed by follow-up as metastatic carcinomas. Three patients had adrenal lesions on both sides. Read More

BMC Urol 2022 Apr 30;22(1):73. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Urology, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.

Introduction/background: Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are masses > 1 cm found incidentally during radiographic imaging. They are present in up to 4.4% of patients undergoing CT scan, and incidence is increasing with usage and sensitivity of cross-sectional imaging. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Purpose: This pilot study investigated the performance of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) molecular imaging (68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT) in Cushing syndrome (CS) and the correlation between CXCR4 signaling interactions and glucose metabolism in adrenocorticotropin-cortisol pathway.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 31 patients (16 patients with CS and 15 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary or adrenal adenomas). All patients underwent 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT, and 11 with pituitary adenoma also underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT. Read More

AACE Clin Case Rep 2022 Mar-Apr;8(2):85-88. Epub 2021 Nov 20.

Neuroendocrine Unit and Neuroendocrine and Pituitary Tumor Clinical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background/objective: is a cell-cycle checkpoint kinase and is part of the ATM-CHEK2-p53 cascade, which is protective against carcinogenesis. We describe a germline CHEK2 mutation in a patient with acromegaly and other tumors.

Case Report: We present a woman with a germline 110delC mutation previously diagnosed with fibroadenoma of the breast and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Read More

Horm Metab Res 2022 Apr 12;54(4):224-231. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.

The aim of the study was to clarify the relationship and the time of aldosterone and renin recoveries at immediate and long-term follow-up in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) patients who underwent adrenalectomy. Prospective and longitudinal protocol in a cohort of APA patients was followed in a single center. Among 43 patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), thirteen APA patients were enrolled in this study. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 21;13:833413. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of computed tomography (CT)-based machine learning models for differentiating subclinical pheochromocytoma (sPHEO) from lipid-poor adenoma (LPA) in patients with adrenal incidentalomas.

Patients And Methods: The study included 188 tumors in the 183 patients with LPA and 92 tumors in 86 patients with sPHEO. Pre-enhanced CT imaging features of the tumors were evaluated. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2022 May 5;186(6):C9-C12. Epub 2022 May 5.

Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology & Molecular Imaging, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.

The increasing use of cross-sectional imaging, mainly CT, results in an accelerating number of incidental findings, for instance of adrenal tumours. Although most 'adrenal incidentalomas' are benign, it is important to identify the malignant and the hormone producing (functional) tumours. For a small fraction of adrenal incidentalomas, the diagnosis is apparent on imaging, but the large majority requires radiological characterisation. Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022 Apr;12(4):2591-2595

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Am J Gastroenterol 2022 07 23;117(7):1089-1096. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Introduction: Beyond oral contraceptives (OCs), metabolic factors have been suggested to increase the risk of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). The impact of risks remains poorly defined, particularly among men and those with adenomatosis. Thus, we aimed to examine HCA clinical and outcome characteristics through a large multicenter cohort. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Mar 13;11(6). Epub 2022 Mar 13.

IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.

Background: Giant pituitary adenomas are benign intracranial tumours with a diameter ≥4 cm. Even if hormonally non-functional, they may still cause local extension, leading to symptoms that include mostly gland dysfunction, mass effects, and, much less frequently, apoplexy due to haemorrhage or infarction. Neurological presentation of giant pituitary tumour apoplexy is even more rare and has not been systematically reviewed. Read More

Intern Med J 2022 Mar 23. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Department of Endocrinology, North Shore Hospital, Waitematā District Health Board.

Background: Primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) is an underdiagnosed cause of secondary hypertension, with an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal complications compared to those with essential hypertension alone. Distinguishing between unilateral and bilateral aldosterone secretion is important as management differs. Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is the gold standard for determining lateralisation. Read More

Radiology 2022 06 22;303(3):E37. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No 155 Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, China 210029.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 2;13:830130. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Department of Business Administration and Graduate School of Service Management, Chihlee University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

Objective: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common type of secondary hypertension, and it is associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular complications. KCNJ5 somatic mutations have recently been identified in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), however their influence on vascular remodeling and injury is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between KCNJ5 somatic mutation status and vascular status. Read More

Endocr Pathol 2022 Mar 14;33(1):155-196. Epub 2022 Mar 14.

Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

The new WHO classification of adrenal cortical proliferations reflects translational advances in the fields of endocrine pathology, oncology and molecular biology. By adopting a question-answer framework, this review highlights advances in knowledge of histological features, ancillary studies, and associated genetic findings that increase the understanding of the adrenal cortex pathologies that are now reflected in the 2022 WHO classification. The pathological correlates of adrenal cortical proliferations include diffuse adrenal cortical hyperplasia, adrenal cortical nodular disease, adrenal cortical adenomas and adrenal cortical carcinomas. Read More

Maedica (Bucur) 2021 Dec;16(4):723-728

Academic Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, General Oncology Hospital of Kifisia Agioi Anargyroi, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Nowadays, through the wide use of both magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, the diagnosis of adrenal incidentaloma is becoming increasingly frequent. Pheochromocytomas are neuroendocrine tumors which produce catecholamine, and they are characterized by headaches, palpitations, sweating and hypertension. Aldosterone-secreting adrenal cortical adenomas can cause various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases due to aldosterone excess. Read More

J Nucl Med 2022 Mar 3. Epub 2022 Mar 3.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany.

In recent years, molecular imaging adressing the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has increasingly been utilized in various clinical settings. Here, we aimed to assess radiopharmaceutical uptake and image contrast to determine the most relevant clinical applications for CXCR4-directed imaging. We also investigated the impact of specific activity on scan contrast. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2022 Mar 1;36(2):713-725. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Clinica Veterinaria Roma Sud, Rome, Italy.

Background: Previous studies evaluating the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in detecting caudal vena cava (CVC) invasion by adrenal tumors (AT) used a binary system and did not evaluate for other vessels.

Objective: Test a 7-point scale CT grading system for accuracy in predicting vascular invasion and for repeatability among radiologists. Build a decision tree based on CT criteria to predict tumor type. Read More