Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2020 Aug 6;41(4):579-591. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is growing appreciation of the burden of noninfluenza viral pathogens in CAP. Due to multiple factors including pneumococcal vaccination programs, declining rates of cigarette smoking, an aging population, and increasingly sensitive diagnostic tests, respiratory viruses are now the most common pathogens detected in CAP, outpacing . Read More

Microb Genom 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine Research, Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA.

Adenoviruses are a frequent cause of acute upper respiratory tract infections that can also cause disseminated disease in immunosuppressed patients. We identified a novel adenovirus, squirrel monkey adenovirus 1 (SqMAdV-1), as the cause of fatal infection in an immunocompromised squirrel monkey () at the Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research (KCCMR). Sequencing of SqMAdV-1 revealed that it is most closely related (80. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 30;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States.

A 4-month-old boy with a history of muscular ventricular septal defect and atopic dermatitis presented with decreased oral intake, loose stools, stuffy nose, mild cough and diaphoresis. The patient had an in-home exposure to COVID-19. The initial respiratory pathogen panel was positive for adenovirus, consistent with his symptoms. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020 Jun 29. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

Adenoviruses (AdVs) are prevalent and give rise to chronic and recurrent disease. The human AdV (HAdV) species B and C, such as HAdV-C2, C5 and B14, cause respiratory disease, and constitute a health threat for immuno-compromised individuals. HAdV-Cs are well known for lysing cells, owing to the E3 CR1-β-encoded adenovirus death protein (ADP). Read More

J Hematol Oncol 2020 Jun 29;13(1):84. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

In this review, we discuss the use of oncolytic viruses in cancer immunotherapy treatments in general, with a particular focus on adenoviruses. These serve as a model to elucidate how versatile viruses are, and how they can be used to complement other cancer therapies to gain optimal patient benefits. Historical reports from over a hundred years suggest treatment efficacy and safety with adenovirus and other oncolytic viruses. Read More

J Hepatol 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, University Hospital München rechts der Isar; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background & Aims: Selective elimination of virus-infected hepatocytes occurs through virus-specific CD8 T-cells recognizing peptide-loaded MHC molecules. Here, we report that virus-infected hepatocytes are also selectively eliminated through a cell-autonomous mechanism.

Methods: We generated recombinant adenoviruses and genetically modified mouse models to identify the molecular mechanisms determining TNF-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in vivo and used in vivo bioluminescence imaging, immunohistochemistry, immunoblot analysis, RNAseq/proteome /phosphoproteome analyses, bioinformatic analyses, mitochondrial function tests. Read More

Ter Arkh 2020 Apr 27;92(3):50-55. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Smorodintcev Research Institute of Influenza.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of the use of the antiviral drug enisamium iodide in the complex treatment of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) caused by various pathogens in routine clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: А prospective randomized study included 134 patients who were treated in the epidemic season of influenza and ARVI in 20182019. All patients were examined for the presence of influenza A and B viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses in nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR. Read More

J Vis Exp 2020 Jun 12(160). Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Department of Neuroscience, Genentech Inc.;

Studying myelination in vitro and in vivo poses numerous challenges. The differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in vitro, although scalable, does not recapitulate axonal myelination. OPC-neuron cocultures and OPC-fiber cultures allow for the examination of in vitro myelination, but they lack additional cell types that are present in vivo, such as astrocytes and microglia. Read More

J Lipid Res 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Cleveland Clinic.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the net transfer of cholesteryl esters (CEs) and TGs between lipoproteins, impacting the metabolic fate of these lipoproteins. Previous studies have shown that a CETP antibody can alter CETP's preference for CE versus TG as transfer substrate, suggesting CETP substrate preference can be manipulated in vivo. Hamster and human CETPs have very different preferences for CE and TG. Read More

J Virol 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Wild birds are major natural reservoirs and potential dispersers of a variety of infectious diseases. As such, it is important to determine the diversity of viruses they carry and use this information to help understand the potential risks of spill-over to humans, domestic animals, and other wildlife. We investigated the potential viral causes of paresis in long-standing, but undiagnosed, disease syndromes in wild Australian birds. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2020 Jun 22;8(2). Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain.

Members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily OX40L and CD70 and their receptors are costimulating signalling axes critical for adequate T cell activation in humans and mice but characterisation of these molecules in other species including ruminants is lacking. Here we cloned and expressed the predicted ovine orthologues of the receptors OX40 and CD27, as well as soluble recombinant forms of their potential ovine ligands, OX40L and CD70. Using biochemical and immunofluorescence analyses, we show that both signalling axes are functional in sheep. Read More

Cancer Sci 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan.

The telomere is the specialized nucleoprotein complex at the end of the chromosome. Its highly conserved 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats and shelterin protein complexes form a protective loop structure to maintain the integrity and stability of linear chromosomes. Although human somatic cells gradually shorten telomeres to undergo senescence or crisis, cancer cells activate telomerase, or the recombination-based mechanism to maintain telomeres and exhibit immortality. Read More

Viruses 2020 Jun 19;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

The adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small, nonpathogenic parvovirus, which depends on helper factors to replicate. Those helper factors can be provided by coinfecting helper viruses such as adenoviruses, herpesviruses, or papillomaviruses. We review the basic biology of AAV and its most-studied helper viruses, adenovirus type 5 (AdV5) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Read More

Viruses 2020 Jun 18;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 18.

IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13385 Marseille CEDEX 05, France.

Non-human primates (NHPs) are known hosts for adenoviruses (AdVs), so there is the possibility of the zoonotic or cross-species transmission of AdVs. As with humans, AdV infections in animals can cause diseases that range from asymptomatic to fatal. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of AdVs in: (i) fecal samples of apes and monkeys from different African countries (Republic of Congo, Senegal, Djibouti and Algeria), (ii) stool of humans living near gorillas in the Republic of Congo, in order to explore the potential zoonotic risks. Read More

J Med Virol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.

The molecular prevalence of HAdVs in Datong city and molecular evolution of HAdV-C species is still obscure. Here, we explored the molecular prevalence of HAdVs by simultaneous sequencing of hexon and fiber. Then, the penton gene fragment of HAdV-C species were determined by sequencing. Read More

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020 Jun 17;10(6). Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Gene Therapy Group, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de València, Av Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 València, Spain.

Oncolytic adenoviruses are a therapeutic alternative to treat cancer based on their ability to replicate selectively in tumor cells. However, their use is limited mainly by the neutralizing antibody (Nab) immune response that prevents repeated dosing. An alternative to facilitate the DNA access to the tumor even in the presence of anti-viral Nabs could be gold nanoparticles able to transfer DNA molecules. Read More

Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC, Leiden, Netherlands. Electronic address:

The use of oncolytic viruses forms an appealing approach for cancer treatment. On the one hand the viruses replicate in, and kill, tumor cells, leading to their intra-tumoral amplification. On the other hand the viral infection will activate virus-directed immune responses, and may trigger immune responses directed against tumor cells and tumor antigens. Read More

Cell 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. Electronic address:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic with millions of human infections. One limitation to the evaluation of potential therapies and vaccines to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection and ameliorate disease is the lack of susceptible small animals in large numbers. Commercially available laboratory strains of mice are not readily infected by SARS-CoV-2 because of species-specific differences in their angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 Jun 16;20(1):420. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an important pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. The coinfection rate of M. Read More

FEBS Lett 2020 Jun 15;594(12):1818-1827. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Both well-known and emerging viruses increasingly affect humans and cause disease, sometimes with devastating impact on society. The viruses present in the biosphere are the top predators in the life chain, virtually without enemies, except perhaps the immune system, and harsh environmental physicochemical conditions restricting their dissemination. We know a lot about viruses, but do we know enough? This series of reviews is dedicated to adenoviruses (AdVs), a family of nonenveloped DNA viruses occurring in vertebrates, including humans. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2020 Jun 9;97:145-150. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan, Israel. Electronic address:

Objectives: Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are common pathogens that can cause respiratory, gastrointestinal and other infections. We investigated the correlation between adenovirus viral load in clinical respiratory samples and the respiratory disease severity in pediatric patients.

Methods: Medical records of patients hospitalized in the Sheba Medical Center (SMC) with confirmed adenovirus infection were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 5;12(6):e8454. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Cardiology, Creighton University Arizona Health Education Alliance/Valleywise Health Medical Center, Phoenix, USA.

Acute pericarditis (AP), or pericardial sac inflammation, is a self-limited condition in healthy individuals. Viruses, including adenoviruses, enteroviruses, cytomegalovirus, and influenza virus, have been well documented to cause AP. In contrast, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a relatively newer virus, has been described in a few cases to cause serious cardiac complications. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Jun 9;12(6). Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Cancer is a major health problem. Most of the treatments exhibit systemic toxicity, as they are not targeted or specific to cancerous cells and tumors. Adenoviruses are very promising gene delivery vectors and have immense potential to deliver targeted therapy. Read More

Front Immunol 2020 19;11:909. Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

Adenoviral vectors are a safe and potently immunogenic vaccine delivery platform. Non-replicating Ad vectors possess several attributes which make them attractive vaccines for infectious disease, including their capacity for high titer growth, ease of manipulation, safety, and immunogenicity in clinical studies, as well as their compatibility with clinical manufacturing and thermo-stabilization procedures. In general, Ad vectors are immunogenic vaccines, which elicit robust transgene antigen-specific cellular (namely CD8 T cells) and/or humoral immune responses. Read More

OMICS 2020 06;24(6):314-339

Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

The tumor stroma, a key component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), is a key determinant of response and resistance to cancer treatment. The stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and blood vessels influence cancer cell response to therapy and play key roles in tumor relapse and therapeutic outcomes. Of the stromal cells present in the TME, much attention has been given to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as they are the most abundant and important in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy resistance. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 29;12(6). Epub 2020 May 29.

Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58453 Witten, Germany.

Oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads) are promising tools for cancer therapeutics. However, most Ad-based therapies utilize Ad type 5 (Ad5), which displays unsatisfying efficiency in clinical trials, partly due to the low expression levels of its primary coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) on tumor cells. Since the efficacy of virotherapy strongly relies on efficient transduction of targeted tumor cells, initial screening of a broad range of viral agents to identify the most effective vehicles is essential. Read More

FASEB J 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA.

Adenoviruses are responsible for a spectrum of pathogenesis including viral myocarditis. The gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43, gene name GJA1) facilitates rapid propagation of action potentials necessary for each heartbeat. Gap junctions also propagate innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses, but how viruses may target these structures is not understood. Read More

Pharmacol Ther 2020 May 29:107586. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Oncolytic viruses, effectively replicate viruses within malignant cells to lyse them without affecting normal ones, have recently shown great promise in developing therapeutic options for cancer. Adenoviruses (Ads) are one of the candidates in oncolytic virotheraoy due to its easily manipulated genomic DNA and expression of wide rane of its receptors on the various cancers. Although systematic delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses can target both primary and metastatic tumors, there are some drawbacks in the effective systematic delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses, including pre-existing antibodies and liver tropism. Read More

Hum Gene Ther 2020 Jun 30. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.

Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are promising agents for cancer therapy, representing a novel therapeutic strategy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, there are challenges associated with the successful use of an OAd alone, involving the security of the viral vector and screening of an effective antitumor gene. In the present study, a novel OAd CD55-ST13-tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was constructed in which the dual therapeutic genes ST13 and TRAIL were inserted, featuring the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a promoter to control E1A and deletion of the 55 kDa E1B gene. Read More

Lancet 2020 06 28;395(10240):1815-1816. Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.

FEBS Lett 2020 Jun 19;594(12):1861-1878. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) cause widespread acute and persistent infections. Infections are usually mild and controlled by humoral and cell-based immunity. Reactivation of persistently infected immune cells can lead to a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals, especially children and transplant recipients. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2020 06;118(3):193-201

División Promoción y Protección de la Salud, Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.

Introduction: Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) caused by adenovirus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children.

Objectives: To describe the clinical and epidemiological pattern and associated factors in hospitalized children.

Methods: Cross-sectional study in children admitted due to ALRTI to Hospital de Niños "Ricardo Gutiérrez," in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, between 2000 and 2018. Read More

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Institute of Infection Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Brunswiker Straße 4, D-24105, Kiel, Germany.

Respiratory tract infections (RTI) can take a serious course under immunosuppression. Data on the impact of the underlying pathogens are still controversial. Samples from the upper (n = 322) and lower RT (n = 169) were collected from 136 children and 355 adults; 225 among them have been immunocompromised patients. Read More

EBioMedicine 2020 Jun 24;56:102786. Epub 2020 May 24.

Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut. Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Pancreatic patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are a well-established model for studying pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carcinogenesis and are potential predictors of clinical responses to chemotherapy. Oncolytic virotherapy is envisioned as a novel treatment modality for pancreatic cancer, and candidate viruses are being tested in clinical trials. Here, we explore the feasibility of using PDOs as a screening platform for the oncolytic adenovirus (OA) response. Read More

Virol Sin 2020 May 26. Epub 2020 May 26.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.

Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious and result in large number of acute respiratory disease (ARD) cases with severe morbidity and mortality. Human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) is the most common type that causes ARD outbreaks in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. However, there is currently no vaccine approved for its general use. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2020 Jul 26;134(4):1271-1274. Epub 2020 May 26.

University Center of Legal Medicine (CURML), Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.

In the setting of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, only few data regarding lung pathology induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is available, especially without medical intervention interfering with the natural evolution of the disease. We present here the first case of forensic autopsy of a COVID-19 fatality occurring in a young woman, in the community. Diagnosis was made at necropsy and lung histology showed diffuse alveolar damage, edema, and interstitial pneumonia with a geographically heterogeneous pattern, mostly affecting the central part of the lungs. Read More

Cancer Gene Ther 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Cellular Biotechnology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220, Madrid, Spain.

There is increasing evidence about the use of oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads) as promising immunotherapy agents. We have previously demonstrated the clinical efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with oncolytic Ads as an antitumoral immunotherapy (called Celyvir) in human and canine patients, using ICOVIR-5 or ICOCAV17 as human and canine oncolytic Ads, respectively. Considering the better clinical outcomes of canine patients, in this study we searched for differences in cellular responses of human and canine MSCs to Ad infection that may help understand the mechanisms leading to higher antitumor immune response. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 May 21;21(10). Epub 2020 May 21.

Gene Therapy Program. University of Navarra-CIMA, Navarra Institute of Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.

The adaptation of adenoviruses as gene delivery tools has resulted in the development of high-capacity adenoviral vectors (HC-AdVs), also known, helper-dependent or "gutless". Compared with earlier generations (E1/E3-deleted vectors), HC-AdVs retain relevant features such as genetic stability, remarkable efficacy of in vivo transduction, and production at high titers. More importantly, the lack of viral coding sequences in the genomes of HC-AdVs extends the cloning capacity up to 37 Kb, and allows long-term episomal persistence of transgenes in non-dividing cells. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 21;12(5). Epub 2020 May 21.

Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Gene therapy with viral vectors has significantly advanced in the past few decades, with adenovirus being one of the most commonly employed vectors for cancer gene therapy. Adenovirus vectors can be divided into 2 groups: (1) replication-deficient viruses; and (2) replication-competent, oncolytic (OVs) viruses. Replication-deficient adenoviruses have been explored as vaccine carriers and gene therapy vectors. Read More

Cancer Lett 2020 Sep 23;487:1-9. Epub 2020 May 23.

Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211198, PR China. Electronic address:

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy faces at least two major obstacles in solid tumors, including to find specific antigen among the heterogeneous tumor mass and to overcome the inhibitory microenvironment. Developing novel strategies to overcome these difficulties has been the burning issue in immunotherapy. Here we came up with the concept of tagging cancer cells by tumor-targeting adenoviruses (Ad). Read More

Lancet 2020 06 22;395(10240):1845-1854. Epub 2020 May 22.

Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Background: A vaccine to protect against COVID-19 is urgently needed. We aimed to assess the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing the spike glycoprotein of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) strain.

Methods: We did a dose-escalation, single-centre, open-label, non-randomised, phase 1 trial of an Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine in Wuhan, China. Read More

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020 May;41(5):733-737

Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.

To study the epidemiological characteristics and mixed infection of adenovirus in acute respiratory tract infections in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of adenovirus. Acute respiratory tract infections were collected from 3 hospitals in Shanghai from 2015 to 2019. Relevant information was registered and respiratory specimens were sampled for detection of respiratory pathogens by multiplex PCR. Read More

Ocul Surf 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Prince of Wales Hospital/University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Ophthalmic Surgeons, 2 St Pauls St, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia. Electronic address:

Oculo-centric factors may provide a key to understanding invasion success by SARS-CoV-2, a highly contagious, potentially lethal, virus with ocular tropism. Respiratory infection transmission via the eye and lacrimal-nasal pathway elucidated during the 1918 influenza pandemic, remains to be explored in this crisis. The eye and its adnexae represent a large surface area directly exposed to airborne viral particles and hand contact. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020 30;11:276. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, United States.

Thyrotropin hormone (TSH) was reported to exhibit biphasic regulation of cAMP production in human thyroid slices; specifically, upregulation at low TSH doses transitioning to inhibition at high doses. We observed this phenomenon in HEK293 cells overexpressing TSH receptors (TSHRs) but in only 25% of human thyrocytes (hThyros) . Because TSHR expression in hThyros was low, we tested the hypothesis that high, levels of TSHRs were needed for biphasic cAMP regulation. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2020 May 17. Epub 2020 May 17.

CIBIO-InBIO, Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.

Adenoviruses (AdV) are pathogens capable of infecting animals and humans leading to a wide spectrum of diseases. They have a widespread geographical dissemination and infect several species, including red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). In the Iberian Peninsula, there are no reports of infection of red squirrels by AdV. Read More

Am J Pathol 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases through driving inflammatory cascades. However, the role of IL-17 in osteoarthritis (OA) is not well understood. Tumor necrosis factor-receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is a receptor proximal negative regulator of IL-17 signaling. Read More

Virus Evol 2020 Jan 10;6(1):veaa024. Epub 2020 May 10.

Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.

Little is known about the diversity of adenoviruses in wild birds and how they have evolved and are maintained in complex ecosystems. In this study, 409 samples were collected from woodland birds caught for banding (droppings), birds submitted to a wildlife hospital (droppings and tissues), silver gulls (droppings or tissues), and feral pigeons (; oral, cloacal swabs, or tissues) from the Greater Sydney area in NSW, Australia. Additional samples were from native pigeons and doves (swabs) presented to the Healesville Sanctuary, VIC, Australia. Read More

New Microbes New Infect 2020 May 9;35:100677. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Virology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA.

Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are well-known opportunistic pathogens of immunocompromised adult and pediatric patients but specific associations between HAdV species or individual HAdV types and disease are poorly understood. In this study we report the isolation of a novel HAdV-B2 genotype from two unrelated immunocompromised patients, both recipients of a hematopoietic cell transplant. In both patients, the course of HAdV infection is consistent with a scenario of reactivation of a latent virus rather than a primary opportunistic infection. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 May 11;12(5). Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Vascular Biology and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.

AU-rich elements (AREs) are RNA elements that enhance the rapid decay of mRNAs, including those of genes required for cell growth and proliferation. HuR, a member of the embryonic lethal abnormal vision (ELAV) family of RNA-binding proteins, is involved in the stabilization of ARE-mRNA. The level of HuR in the cytoplasm is up-regulated in most cancer cells, resulting in the stabilization of ARE-mRNA. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2020 May 2;244:108664. Epub 2020 Apr 2.

Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009,PR China.

Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) infects many mammalian species, causing myocarditis, encephalitis and reproductive disorders. The small interference RNA (siRNA) targeting to the virus has not been understood completely. Here, two out of six interference sequences were screened to inhibit significantly EMCV replication by using recombinant plasmids expressing small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting to the viral 1C or 2A genes in BHK-21 cells. Read More